Method of smelting of vanadium-bearing alloys |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method of smelting of vanadium-bearing alloys (RU 2374349):
 
 Reprocessing method of manganous waste slags / 2374336
Invention relates to the ferrous metallurgy field, particularly to reprocessing of waste slags from manufacturing of manganese and siliceous ferroalloys for extraction from it of manganese and siliceous ferroalloys of high grade by content of phosphorus. In method there are mixed manganous waste slags and slag from manufacturing of ferrosilicon and is implemented reduction of oxides of manganese and silicon carbide, presenting in slag from manufacturing of ferrosilicon, herewith amount of silicon carbide in mixture of slags for 10-50% more than it is required by stoichiometry for total reduction of manganous oxide.
Method of receiving of vanadium-bearing alloys and ligatures / 2368689
In method in the capacity of charge it is used vanadium-bearing wastes and lime, herewith in oxidising area it is implemented separation of metal from vanadium-bearing melted slag with periodic or continuous discharge of it from furnace. It is implemented reduction of vanadium oxides from melted slag in reducing zone by introduction into melt of silicon-bearing alloy with acceptable content of aluminium 2-15%, taken in amount for 2-50% more than stoichiometrically necessary for reduction vanadium oxides.
 Multi-component reducing mixture for melting of ferrosilicium / 2366740
Invention refers to iron and steel industry, particularly to production of ferroalloys by carbothermic reduction. Reducing mixture contains coke nut, brown coal of B grade with the lower heat of working fuel combustion equal to 3200 kcal/kg and working moisture contents up to 40 %; as loosening substance the reducing mixture contains cannel coal and wood chips at following ratio, % (for carbon): cannel coal 25-50, brown coal of B grade 14-20, wood chips 2-5, coke nut - the rest.
Charge mixture for production of ferroniobium by way of electroslag remelting / 2364651
Invention relates to metallurgy immediately dealing with electroslag remelting. The charge mixture contains the following components (wt %): wastes of production of pure niobium 62.0-70.0 containing niobium intermetallide (NbAI3) - 40.0-45.0%; iron scale - 20.0-28.0%; a slag-forming constituent - 1.0-6.0%; alabaster - 1.0-12.0%. The pure niobium production wastes contain the following components (wt %): niobium intermetallide - 40.0-45.0%; metallic niobium - 10.0-20.0%; alumina - 5.0-25.0%; impurities - balance.
High-strength nonmagmetic composition steel / 2360029
Invention relates to metallurgy field, particularly to composition of high-strength non-magnetic corrosion-resistant composition steel, used in mechanical engineering, aircraft building, special shipbuilding, instrument making and at creation of high-performance drilling engineering. Steel contains carbon, silicon, manganese, chrome, nickel, nitrogen, niobium, molybdenum, vanadium, zirconium nitride, iron and unavoidable admixtures at following ratio of components, wt %: carbon 0.04 - 0.12, silicon 0.10 - 0.60, manganese 5.0 - 12.0, chrome 19.0 - 21.0, nickel 4.0 - 9.0, molybdenum 0.5 - 1.5, vanadium 0.10 - 0.55, niobium 0.03 - 0.30, nitrogen 0.4 - 0.7, zirconium nitride 0.03 - 1.00, iron and unavoidable admixtures are the rest. Zirconium nitride is in the form of particles with nano-dispersibility.
Method of receiving of chrome-bearing alloy / 2354735
Invention can be used for processing of chrome ore, concentrates and aluminium-bearing wastes of non-ferrous metallurgy. In the method in the capacity of aluminium-bearing material it is used preprepared aluminium-bearing wastes from manufacturing of secondary aluminium in amount 0.6-1.1 wt % per 1 wt % of content Cr2O3 in chrome-ore concentrate. Isolation of received in furnace melt is implemented with blending during 10-15 minutes, after which it is preliminary pumped out in slag pan 70-90% of dross major part from the total dross mass, then it is pumped out part of the rest slag into metallic reservoir, isolated during 3-5 minutes and discharged the rest part and metal to the same metallic reservoir.
 Extraction method of metallic element, particularly metallic chromium, from charge containing metal oxides in arc furnace / 2352672
Invention relates to extraction method of metallic elements, particularly, metallic chromium from slag, which contains oxides, particularly chrome oxide, in arc furnace. Additionally slag is not reduced at separated stage after melting, but there are implemented following stages: after charge introduction into arc furnace it is melted, forming molten metal and slag. Melt is discharged, keeping unreduced slag in furnace. Then it is fed following scrap portion, including reducers for slug. At melting of this charge slag is reduced. Then slag and melt are merged. Method can be used also in aggregates of ladle or convertermetallurgy.
Method of receiving products made of iron with carbon alloy / 2352671
There are received products from alloy of iron and carbon with carbon content more than 2.14 wt % by means of melting, melt heating till the temperature for 400-600°C higher of eutectic temperature, isolation at this temperature no less than 10 minutes, ingot plastic deformation at the temperature higher than 600° and following cooling till the ambient temperature in water. Sulfur content in alloy is provided, not exceeding 0.001 wt %, phosphorus - not exceeding 0.01 wt %.
Melting method of ferrotitanium / 2351678
Invention relates to metallurgy field. Particularly it relates to production of ferroalloys by aluminothermy process. In the method in the capacity of titanium-bearing raw material it is used liquid titanic slag, it is mixed metallothermic part of charge, consisting of iron-ore concentrates, aluminium powder, lime and ferrosilicium in relation 1:(1.09-1.18):(0.27-0.33):(0.08-0.09) agreeably, in amount 126-146% of titanium slag mass, then it is mixed and penetrate main part of charge, consisting of iron-ore concentrate, lime and aluminium powder in relation 1:(0.1-0.29):(0.43-0.46) agreeably, in amount 15-25% of titanium slag mass. In the capacity of titanium-bearing raw material it is used liquid titanic slag with content 85-95% % TiO2 at temperature 1700-1850°C.
 Method of concentrates treatment from ore, containing oxides of ferric, titanium and vanadium and facility for its implementation / 2350670
Method is implemented by means of liquid-phase recovery of metals from oxides of concentrate batches, consisting of main and additional parts, in conditions of melt revolution by electromagnetic field. During the melting it is effectively used centrifugal effect, accelerated fused fed for melting charge, containing concentrate, and in it there are selectively recovered metals from oxides. At that likewise accelerated iron is diluted in aluminium while production of ferroaluminium. Method is implemented almost excluding gas emission from melt. Facility for method implementation is outfitted by collector circulating ferrosilicium that simplifies process of charge treatment, reduces treatment time of each regular charge batch. Under the bottom of circulating ferrosilicium collector there are located induction units which are equal in structure to induction units, located around walls and under the bottom of assembly that provides decreasing of costs for induction units manufacturing and for electricity supply.
 Method of regeneration of metallic chromium from slags containing chromium oxide / 2247161
Proposed method is used for converter processes such as AOD, MRP, AOD-L, MRP-L, CLU, ASM, Conars-Stainless steel, or vacuum processes such as VOD, SS-VOD, RH and RH with use of oxygen lance. Slag formed at the end of blowing and treatment in converter or vacuum plant is drained and removed in unreduced state; this slag is fed to electric furnace which is loaded with standard charge consisting of metal scrap and residual dust; then carbon is additionally fed and silicon if necessary; during melting, chromium oxide contained is slag is reduced by means of carbon and silicon.
 Method of production of complex siliceous ferro-alloy / 2247169
Proposed method includes loading the furnace and fusion of charge containing quartzite and briquetted blend of ore part of charge with excessive carbon reductant required for reducing the main elements at lack of reductant in charge. Reduction intensifying agent and wastes of process are additionally introduced into blend for briquetting of ore part of charge with carbon reductant; wastes have form of ferro-alloy at size lesser than 1 mm, slag and sublimates in the amount of 2-10% and 1-15%, respectively. Used as intensifying agent are copper and nickel sulfides and/or oxides, borate ore and fluorspar.
 Method for producing ferrosilico-aluminum in ore heating furnace / 2251586
Method comprises steps of using coal -containing rock with carbon content 5 -35 % as silicon- and aluminum-containing material. Melting is realized while keeping during process lack of carbon in charge loaded to furnace in range consisting 3 -12% of stoichiometric quantity due to adding coke and (or) quartzite to coal containing rock. Invention provides stabilized process of melting out silicon-aluminum alloys with aluminum content 5 -35%.
Method of alumino-thermal production of ferro-niobium / 2258095
Proposed method includes stage-by-stage loading and melting of charge containing niobium concentrate, sodium nitrate, lime, iron ore, aluminum and drainage products of melt; used as niobium concentrate is commercial niobium concentrate. At first stage, charge is loaded at rate of 300-380 kg/m2/min; this charge contains total mass of commercial niobium concentrate and sodium nitrate, 30-70% of iron ore of mass of melt, 20-80% of lime of mass of melt and aluminum in the amount of 0.85-0.99 of amount stoichiometrically required for reduction of elements of ferro-niobium alloy; at second stage, charge is loaded in the amount of 35-55% of mass of niobium pentoxide in commercial niobium concentrate of first stage at rate of 210-270 kg/m2/min, 30-70% of iron ore of mass of melt, 20-80% of lime of mass of melt and aluminum in the amount of 1.6-2.0 of amount stiochiometrically required for reduction of elements of ferro-niobium alloy; before draining, melt is held during period equal to 0.1-0.6 of charge melting time.
 Pyro-metallurgic plant for concentration of titanium-silica concentrates / 2258759
Plant has transport means and device for forming current-conductive channel, made in form of cylinder with radial ribs, inner diameter of which is equal to two diameters of electrode, and mounted at furnace bottom. Graphite-covered electrode is mounted in furnace body coaxially with relation of inner furnace diameter to electrode diameter equal to 2 : 8, while furnace body is made in form of water-cooled crystallizer, is mounted on transporting means and connected to minus, and electrode - to plus of direct current power block. Radial plates of means for forming radial current-conductive channel are rigidly connected to cylinder, while length of two radial plates plus outer diameter of cylinder match inner diameter of furnace.
 Method for concentration of titanium-silica concentrates / 2258760
Method includes melting in water-cooled crystallizer, into which at bottom a layer of non-electric-conductive source material is placed and in the center of it a channel is formed with diameter approximately equal to two electrode diameters, which is filled by current-conductive material. After that crystallizer Is connected to minus, and electrode with plus of direct current power block and electrode is lowered until touching current-conductive material until appearance of stable arc, and after start of crystallization of titanium slurry main working period is begun - accumulation of slurry block, during whole period of which periodically before end of melting portion loading of material of given compound is performed. Current-conductive material is formed by adding to source material not less than 33% of breeze coke from mass o source material.
 Method of obtaining ingots of initial alloy for production of amorphous bands / 2260070
Proposed method includes melting of main charge, introduction of alloying elements, complete melting, cooling to pouring temperature and pouring to ingot mold from above. Main charge contains waste amorphous band of the same composition in the amount of 5-80 wt-% of mass of charge at bulk mass equal to 18-20% of density of initial alloy. Proposed method makes it possible to reduce amount of nonmetallic inclusions in ingots, to avoid choking of calibrated nozzle and to reduce action of melt on quartz crucible. Yield of good amorphous bands is increased from 52.6% to 79.3-87% and consumption of quartz crucibles is reduced by 50%.
Method for thermal melting of metal / 2269585
Method involves preparing burden mixture; charging burden mixture into melting crucible of reaction chamber; creating low pressure in reaction chamber and initiating reaction process; providing melting simultaneously under low pressure in reaction chamber and under pulsing pressure in crucible melting space, said pressure in crucible being created by accumulating and periodic discharging through crucible cover into reaction chamber space of gaseous melting process products. Weight of cover is selected on condition that desirable working pressure may be created in crucible melting space. Melting process is conducted under low pressure of 10-5 - 600 mm of mercury column in reaction chamber and under gas pressure of 0.1-10 atm in crucible.
Method of smelting of ferroaluminum with the reduced consumption of the pure aluminum / 2272851
The invention is pertaining to the field of metallurgy, in particular, to the versions of smelting of ferroaluminum used for a steel deoxidation. In the first version the process of smelting of the ferroaluminum is conducted in two separate induction furnaces by separate melting of the steel and aluminum scrap at the temperature exceeding the fusion point of the each particular scrap by 50-70°C, tapping of the melt of aluminum with a fluidic protecting slag into the induction furnace containing the melt of the steel, heating of the melts within 5-10 minutes up to their complete stirring. In the second version the process of the ferroaluminum smelting is conducted in two induction furnaces by the separate melting of the aluminum scrap and the steel scrap, which is added by batches in amounts determined by the charge smelting process to the residual smelt, remained after the previous smelt of the ferroaluminum, tapping of the aluminum melt with the fluidic protecting slag into the induction furnace containing the melt of ferroaluminum with the low content of aluminum, heating within 5-10 minutes up to the complete stirring. The invention ensures reduction of consumption of the pure aluminum into the melting loss up to 6 %, a decrease of the duration of the smelting process by 2-2.5 hours with the corresponding growth of the volumes of the production.
 Low hood of an open ore regenerating electric furnace / 2272976
The low hood of an open ore regenerating electric furnace has a lid, lateral walls and a mobile screen. On the lid it has openings for current inputs and leaking pipes. On lateral walls it has intaking windows of gas conduits and branch pipes for feeding blast-furnace gases with overlapping of the gap between the flange of the furnace and the lateral windows of the hood with a mobile screen. The hood is fulfilled in the shape of a stepped pyramid with lateral walls of a smaller diameter and a mobile screen of a larger diameter; the intaking windows of the gas conduits of rectangular cross-section are placed tangentially and directed relatively to each other at 1800.
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FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the ferrous metallurgy field, particularly to manufacturing of ferroalloys, particularly to creation of methods of smelting of vanadium-bearing alloys by out-furnace aluminothermal process from vanadium slags. In method it is implemented preparation of charge containing vanadium-bearing component and aluminium, partial or total its loading into melting hearth, ignition of charge, reduction of charge oxides by aluminium, isolation of melts, discharge of slag and cooling of vanadium-bearing alloy. In the capacity of vanadium-bearing component it is used converter vanadium slag, at preparation into content of charge it is introduced mixture of lime and magnesite in amount 5-20% of weight of introduced aluminium at keeping in it ratio of calcium oxide to magnesium oxide in the range 1:(1-0.5), herewith all charge before loading into melting hearth is heated up to temperature 200-550°C. EFFECT: invention provides receiving of vanadium-bearing alloys from converter vanadium slag, passing stage of chemical extraction from it of five-oxide of vanadium and to reduce by it cost price of vanadium unit in finished product ensured by improvement of physicochemical properties of final slag, particularly reduction of viscosity and increasing of interfacial tension by means of changing of its content, temperature characteristics of charge, that provides acceleration and fullness of reduction process flows of following elements from charge. 1 ex, 3 tbl
The invention relates to the field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the production of ferroalloys, and in particular to methods of smelting vanadium alloys secondary process of vanadium slag. From the practice of the production of vanadium-containing alloys known two ways of smelting: - oven silicothermic, - secondary aluminosilicate. In each of them as the primary vanadium-containing component in the mixture was used perioxide vanadium. It is known that the immediate receipt of vanadium from ores impossible. Therefore, ore previously subjected to complex chemical and metallurgical processing, which resulted in the first vanadium in the blast furnace is transferred to the iron, then in the Converter of him getting vanadium slag and only then through the roasting, leaching, filtering and fusion - technical perioxide vanadium. Table 1 shows chemical compositions of vanadium slag and perioxide vanadium.
Vanadium in the Converter slag is in the form of spinel (F·V2About3), and in perioxide - in the form of V2O5. A method of obtaining vanadium alloys, involving melting in an electric furnace charge containing perioxide vanadium, vanadium Converter slag, pre-calcined carbon, or a mixture thereof, and calcium oxide, moreover, the number of components of the charge must ensure the content of perioxide vanadium in the melt 25-35%. From the furnace the melt is loaded into the metal reservoir, and then to melt add the reducing agent containing credit the deposits in the amount sufficient to restore perioxide vanadium (U.S. Patent No. 4256487, IPC8SS 27/02, NCI 75-134V, publ. 17.03.81, volume 1004, No. 3). The disadvantages of the known method of producing vanadium alloys are: - the necessity of using an electric furnace, - working with liquid melts - low rates on removing the leading elements. Also known is a method of obtaining vanadium alloys, including selective reduction of iron and the recovery of enriched slag vanadium silicon ferrosilicon. Recovery of iron is carried out in the kiln of the blend containing the Converter slag and carbonaceous reducing agent at a temperature of 900-1000°C. This increases the content of vanadium in the alloy. Recovery of vanadium-rich slag are mixing it in a bucket with a silicon reducing agent with the addition of other alloying elements (USSR Author's certificate, IPC8SS 38/12, No. 406469, Appl. 03.09.71,, publ. 20.12.77 year). The disadvantages of the known method of producing vanadium-containing alloy in addition to those listed above, is the use of additional energy consuming equipment and the need for multiple mixing of melts due to their overflow from the bucket in the bucket. Known experience on pyrometallurgical processing Converter vanadium slag in an integrated League is URS with vanadium. To obtain alloys rich in vanadium, applied the principle of selective recovery of elements from slag in two stages. The first stage consists in the enrichment of vanadium slag by removing part of the iron oxides at low temperature uglehimicheskoj smelting slag, and the second is metallothermic recovery enriched slag with subsequent refining intermediate alloys of silicon, titanium and aluminum, a similar enriched slag. The obtained intermediate alloys have the following composition: 20-26% V, 10-15% Mn, 2-4% Cr, 14-18% Si, 3-6% Ti. Subsequent refining enriched slag reduced the content of silicon and titanium and even more to increase the concentration of vanadium. The resulting composite was as follows: 26-34% V, 14-18% MP, 4-6% CR, the content of such impurities as carbon, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur was within the existing standard for ferrovanadium (Sat. "The integrated use of raw materials for metallurgy of the Urals", part 1, Sverdlovsk, 1967, p.90-93). The disadvantages of the known experience on pyrometallurgical processing Converter vanadium slag in complex alloys with vanadium are: - multi-stage multi-technology - the irretrievable loss of vanadium in the first stage, - the necessity of using electric furnaces. Closest to the proposed method for those who practical entity, the combination of technological operations and the achieved effect is the smelting of vanadium secondary aluminothermic process, including the preparation (grinding and mixing) charge materials; partial or full load them (perioxide vanadium, aluminum, scrap metal in a melting furnace, lined inside magnesite bricks; the ignition of the charge with the ignition of the mixture; the recovery of oxides of the charge; the shutter melts; the release of toxins; cooling and disassembly of the hearth; the separation of the metal from the slag. In the basis of the method lies reaction
Calculation of terminate process according to reaction (1) shows that for 1 kg of raw materials allocated 1038 kcal is significantly higher than theoretically required amount of heat (>550 kcal/kg) for spontaneous passage (secondary) process. Given that the melting is technical perioxide vanadium (V2About5within 75-92%) and diluted alloy iron, the specific heat of the process below and is about 670 kcal/kg mixture (Wpeutil. "The production of ferroalloys. Scientific and technical publishing house. M., 1957, str-302). The known method is implemented as follows. Charge (fused vanadium pentoxide 100 kg, aluminium 46,11 kg, iron scrap 71,29 kg) crushed, mix thoroughly and serve in a zag is ozony bunker melting chamber, where the chute, water cooled, it is poured into the horn. At the beginning of melting to the bottom of the hearth poured a small amount of the mixture, which is then lit with the ignition of a mixture of aluminum grains and a strong oxidizer. After the hearth reaction sufficiently expanded, start loading the main part of the charge. The feed mixture is produced uniformly over the extent of its penetration. Express download can lead to the rapid course of the heat, accompanied by the emission of the charge; too slow loading causes a cold process, which leads to reduction of the yield of vanadium in the alloy. The normal duration of the process when the penetration blend containing 500-600 kg of perioxide vanadium is 10-15 minutes. At the end of the process the melting furnace roll out from the chamber and cooled down during the day. Then the horn apart and separate the alloy from the slag. The output of vanadium in the alloy when this process is 92%. Part V2About5remains in the slag, so sometimes aluminothermic dopostavleno of perioxide vanadium is carried out in a closed electric furnace, where at the end of secondary process include current and restore the remaining slag V2About5powdered aluminum and carbon for 1.5-2 hours, after which the alloy and the slag is poured from the furnace. Ready with the love crushed and thoroughly cleaned of slag. This method of smelting of vanadium secondary aluminothermic process chosen as the prototype method. The disadvantages of the prototype method of smelting of vanadium secondary aluminothermic process are: - the impossibility of its application in the processing of the poor vanadium raw materials, in particular Converter vanadium slag, high losses of vanadium from the slag, - the need to introduce significant quantities of inert additives, especially in the melting rich in vanadium alloys - high unit cost of vanadium in ferrovanadium. The technical result of the invention to provide a vanadium-containing alloys of the Converter vanadium slag, bypassing the stage of chemical secretions from him perioxide vanadium, and thereby reducing the unit cost of the vanadium in the finished products by improving the physico-chemical properties of the final slag (decrease in viscosity and increase in interfacial tension by changing its composition, temperature characteristics charge faster and completeness of the processes of recovery leading elements of the charge. This technical result is achieved in that in the method of smelting vanadium alloys secondary process, including the preparation of blended materials, part of the full or full load them into the melting furnace, the ignition of the charge, the recovery of oxides of the charge aluminum shutter melts, release toxins, cooling vanadium-containing alloy according to the invention the composition of the charge injected a mixture of oxides of calcium and magnesium in the amount of 5-20% by weight of the injected aluminium, keeping it in respect of the oxides of calcium to magnesium oxide in the range of 1:1-0,5, with all the mixture before it is loaded into the melting furnace is heated to a temperature of 200-550°C, and that as a vanadium-containing raw materials with out-of-furnace smelting alloy is used Converter vanadium slag. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the basis of the proposed method of smelting vanadium alloys lies reaction:
Resulting from reaction (1) slag, which contains only the aluminum oxide has a very high melting point (over 2000°C) and high viscosity, which can lose a significant portion of the reduced metal in the form of entangled Korolkov different size. When choosing fluxes were not only lower the melting temperature of the final slag, but also from the necessity of obtaining such a composition, which improves the contact between the reagent mixture. In the final slag containing a small amount of oxides of vanadium, jus the mi components are oxides of aluminum, calcium and magnesium (the sum of the other and their influence on the properties of slag small). A gradual increase in the viscosity of the slag melt as it cools in a large temperature range contributes to a more complete separation of metal and slag phases, and therefore the smelting of Ferroalloy manage to pass without appreciable loss of metal in the form of trapped slag goldcrests. Studies of physico-chemical properties of the slag system Al2O3-CaO-MgO shows that the introduction of Cao and MgO in a certain ratio reduces the viscosity of the melt and increases the interfacial tension at the boundary of the restored metal-slag. The viscosity of vanadium-containing slag shows that it depends on the type and amount of flux in the charge. It is established that the viscosity of the slag in the smelting vanadium alloys without flux equal at a temperature of 1900°To about 0,8H·sec/m2, then the addition to the mixture of lime in an amount up to 20% by weight of the reducing agent reduces the viscosity to 0.2 n·sec/m2and when combined with a 10% Cao, and 10% MgO viscosity of the slag is only 0.1 n·s/m2. Melting without flux. The interface of the metal-slag - uneven, slag poorly separated from the metal. The distribution of vanadium in the ingot metal - 85%remained in the slag in the form of goldcrests - 12%, unrestored - 3%. Fusion with the addition of Cao. Border times who ate the metal-slag - smooth, separation of metal from slag - the good, the extraction of vanadium in the ingot increased to 91.5%in the slag left - 8.5% of vanadium. Fusion with the addition of CaO+MgO. The separation of the metal is the same as in the previous melting. The extraction of vanadium in bullion amounted to 95.3%in the slag left - 4.7% of vanadium in the form of tiny goldcrests and unrestored vanadium oxide. Reducing the number entered in the charge of a mixture of oxides of calcium and magnesium less than 5% almost slightly modifies the parameters of viscosity depending on temperature; increased more than 20% increases the viscosity of melts. Experimentally determined a positive effect on the viscosity of the slag, partial replacement in the slag oxide calcium oxide magnesium due to the expansion zone between the solidus and the liquidus. Determined and the optimal ratio of these oxides in the slag, which is within the Cao:MgO, 1:1-0,5. We conducted measurements of the melting temperature of the claimed composition of the charge containing the oxides of calcium and magnesium, show that the solidus temperature at 35-40°C lower than for known, which will have a positive effect on the separation of metal and slag phases, and, consequently, will lead to an increase in the extraction of vanadium. From the analysis of the interaction of aluminum oxide charge in the initial stages of the recovery process is established, totemperature melting of most of the oxides, present in the vanadium-containing raw materials, significantly higher than the melting point of aluminum, therefore, a crucial role at this stage can play capillary and interfacial phenomena, i.e. the penetration of liquid aluminum on cracks in crystals and their wetting, thereby increasing the contact of aluminum with a hard surface charge and improve the conditions for dissolving the recovered items in aluminum and transition them into the Ferroalloy. Thermodynamic calculations set terminate mixture according to reaction (2), which amounted to 521 kcal/kg mixture, which was significantly lower (taking into account the necessity of introducing the composition of the charge flux) theoretically required value (>550 kcal/kg). Practice holding aluminothermic processes it is shown that upon heating the entire mixture before reduction reactions for every 100°C to the value of terminate mixture is added about 30 kcal/kg The choice of temperature of heating of the mixture in the range from 200 to 550°C due to the need to have her terminate about 600-650 kcal/kg Lower heating temperature of the mixture below 200°C reduces terminate, worsens the conditions of separation of metal from slag and leads to loss of vanadium in the form of trapped slag Korolkov alloy; increasing the heating temperature of the initial charge above 550°C increases the loss of vanadium through the inosa mixture and evaporation of vanadium. The replacement charge for smelting vanadium alloys perioxide vanadium to a Converter vanadium slag allows to obtain significant economic benefits due to the high difference in the unit price of vanadium between them (almost three times) while maintaining almost the same consumer qualities (carbon, sulfur and phosphorus). The price of 1 kg V2O5in perioxide vanadium is $ 27. (content 90% V2O5the cost of one ton of perioxide vanadium will be 24300 dollars), while the price of 1 ton Converter vanadium slag (21% V2O5) just $ 4200. Below are examples of execution of the invention does not exclude other in the volume formula. Example Converter vanadium slag composition: 26,63% V2O5; 12.3% of IGOs; 0.9% Cao; 17.9 Percent SiO2; 1,8% CR2O3; 7,1% Tio2; 33,4% Fe2O3used as the primary vanadium-containing component of the charge in the smelting of vanadium-containing alloys. In addition to the Converter slag in the composition of the charge were: - lime (Cao>92%) - magnesite (MgO>90%) - aluminum (Al>98%). The relationships between the components of the mixture are presented in table 2. Methodology for conducting experiments on the melting vanadium alloys All components of the mixture are first crushed to a fraction of -5 mm, then grind is about -1 mm size; then each component was weighed in accordance with the composition of the mixture; mixed in the mixer to obtain a homogeneous mass. To determine the impact optionally added to the charge components all experiments were performed on the same sample of vanadium slag (200 g) and aluminum (60 g). To the mixture was injected flux and changed his number and ratio it between the oxides of calcium and magnesium. Used only pulverized quick burned flux. Heating the finished sample of the mixture was carried out in Selidovo furnace. The temperature was controlled by a tungsten-rhenium thermocouple. Melting was performed out-of-furnace process. After experimenting melts were cooled; separating the metal from the slag; weighed; samples were taken and analyzed for their content of basic elements.
Table 2 presents the main indicators of the technology, and in table 3 - chemical composition of the obtained vanadium alloys.
The analysis of the experiments shows that when replacing in charge of perioxide vanadium in the vanadium slag and the introduction of the mixture of oxides of calcium and magnesium at a certain ratio improved technological parameters of the process of smelting by reducing the melting temperature of the charge, thereby at the same melting temperature, defined terminally charge, increased zhidkofaznoi slag and thereby achieves a more complete aside is their Korolkov ferrovanadium in the volume of the slag and the best their division. The use of vanadium-containing raw materials of vanadium slag reduces the cost of finished products (siliconindia) on 15-22% due to the full recovery of vanadium and better absorption by the steel. Use in the charge of vanadium slag instead of perioxide vanadium excludes partially or completely a chemical treatment, which not only increases the unit price of vanadium in ferrovanadium, but also reduces the environmental impact on the process. The technology can be implemented on any existing Ferroalloy plants, for example Klyuchevskaya Ferroalloy plant, or arranged without major capital investment in a new place. Method of smelting vanadium alloy secondary aluminothermic process, including the preparation of blend containing vanadium-containing component and aluminum, partial or full download in the melting furnace, the ignition of the charge, the recovery of oxides of the charge aluminum shutter melts, release toxins and cooling vanadium alloy, characterized in that the vanadium component use Converter vanadium slag, in the preparation of the composition of the charge injected a mixture of lime and magnesia in the amount of 5-20% by weight of the injected aluminum while maintaining its relationship oxides of calcium to magnesium oxide in which the limits of 1:(1-0,5), in this case, the entire batch before it is loaded into the melting furnace is heated to a temperature of 200-550°C.
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