Method of receiving of vanadium-bearing alloys and ligatures |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method of receiving of vanadium-bearing alloys and ligatures (RU 2368689):
Modifier for grey cast iron / 2367704
Modifying agent contains, wt %: silicon 60.0-65.0; calcium 1.0-1.5; strontium 1.0-1.5; rare-earth metals 1.0-1.5; aluminium 10.0-15.0; silver 1.0-1.5; iron - the rest.
 Modifier / 2366741
Invention refers to metallurgy, to foundry engineering and to machine building and can be implemented at production of casts out of grey cast hypoeutectic iron operating under conditions of excess wear, for example railroad car brake blocks, big tooth gears, parts of windlass and cylinder cartridge. As a zirconium containing additive the modifier contains zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), as silicon containing additive it contains silicon dioxide (SiO2), as a bubbling additive - foam plastic crumb and as a reducer - aluminium at following ratio of components, wt %: SiO2 35.0-45.0; ZrO2 35.0-45.0; Al 10.0-19.0; foam plastic crumb up to 1.0.
 Method of low-temperature production of fine-crystalline high-silicon aluminium-silicon alloy / 2365651
Invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, namely to a technique of production of aluminium-silicon alloy containing 25% silicon minimum. The method involves obtaining an intermediate melt with the interval of crystallisation 30°C minimum by introduction into the aluminium melt heated by 60-80°C over the liquidus temperature of the lesser part of the crystalline silicon, mixing, holding ensuring a complete dissolution of the silicon and cooling the intermediate melt, obtaining the alloy melt of the required composition by introduction of the main part of the silicon as crystalline silicon powder clad with aluminium obtained by a combined grinding of the powders of the crystalline silicon and aluminium in the ball crusher to achieve silicon pieces of 3 mcm maximum and concentration 43% by mass maximum into the intermediate melt with the temperature of 20-50°C higher than the one of solidus, mixing, raising the temperature of the resulting alloy melt after dissolution of the mixture of the powders by 50-100°C higher than the one of liquidus and crystallisation of the alloy melt with the rate of 102-103°C/sec minimum.
 Method of obtaining boron alloying alloy for alloying of steel / 2365467
Invention relates to metallurgy, in particular to obtaining boron alloying alloys for alloying of steel, cast iron, etc. A reaction mixture containing 1-40 wt % of a boron-containing component is prepared: one or several borides of one or several elements selected from a group including calcium, magnesium, aluminium, silicon and 60-99 wt % of the metal component, one or several elements selected from a group including calcium, aluminium, titanium, silicon, vanadium, niobium, zirconium, molybdenum, chromium, manganese, cobalt, iron and/or their alloys. Powders are used with the particles of 3 mm maximum. This is followed by a start of an exothermal reaction of burning in the inert atmosphere.
Modifier for treatment of steel / 2364652
Invention relates to ferrous metallurgy and is to be utilised for manufacture of carbon and low-alloyed steels characterised by enhanced resistance to cold and various types of general and local corrosion. The modifier contains the following components (wt %): calcium - 12.0-20.0%, rare-earth metals - 25.0-39.0%, silica - 1.0-41.0%, magnesium - 0.5-3.0%, iron - balance with the rare-earth metals content complying with the condition REM=(1.5-2) (Ca+2xMg) where REM, Ca and Mg represent content of rare-earth metals, calcium and magnesium accordingly.
Ligature for steel and cast iron (versions) / 2361948
Ligature according to the first option of invention contains magnesium, wt %: calcium 0.1-6, rare-earth metals 0.2-10, aluminium 2-40, vanadium 0.1-14, titanium 0.1-1, magnesium 0.5-12, iron is the rest. Ligature according to the second option contains, wt %: calcium 0.1-6, rare-earth metals 0.2-10, aluminium 2-40, vanadium 0.1-14, titanium 0.1-1, magnesium 0.5-12, one or several elements from group containing niobium, zirconium, barium, and not exceeding 3, iron - the rest.
 Method of ligature receiving aluminium-scandium, flux for ligature receiving and device for method implementation / 2361941
Method includes high-temperature exchange reaction of fluoride or oxide of scandium with aluminium in medium of molten metal halogenides. Aluminium is melted in drops form, received by means of its filtration, they are passed through molten metal halogenides by means of exhaustion creation, received melt is isolated then it is discharged metal halogenides melt and formed aluminium-scandium melt. It is used flux, containing aluminium fluorides, fluoride or oxide of scandium, fluoride and chloride of calcium and if necessary hydro-fluoride or potassium fluoride at following components correlation, wt %: calcium fluoride 10-35, aluminium fluoride 2-10, scandium fluoride 2-20, or scandium oxide 2-8, hydro- fluoride or potassium fluoride 0-5, calcium chloride is the rest. Device contains lined melting pot, heater and additional second melting pot, located over the first and allowing perforated bottom, if necessary coated by one or two layers of graphitised fabric, herewith both melting pots are located in waterproof tank, allowing in bottom part hole, connected to backing vacuum pump, and located into resistance furnace.
Ligature on basis of aluminium for receiving of silumin / 2360027
Invention relates to metallurgy field, particularly to ligature composition for manufacturing of silumin. Ligature contains, wt %: boron 2.0-3.0; silicon 10.0-12.0; vanadium 1.0-1.5; titanium 1.0-1.5; aluminium is the rest.
Modifying agent for heat-resistant alloys / 2360026
Invention relates to metallurgy of heat-resistant alloys and can be used for superficial modification of heat-resistant alloys for grain refinement on surface of foundry goods. Modifying agent contains, wt %: nickel oxide 4.0-10; cobaltous oxide 20-27; aluminium oxide - the rest.
Ligature for manufacturing of moulding made of cast iron / 2360025
Invention relates to metallurgy field and can be used in mechanical engineering and tractor construction for manufacturing of mouldings from gray cast iron with pearlite structure of metallic basis. Ligature contains, wt %: copper 45.0-55.0; tin 5.5-6.5; silicon 15.0-20.0; calcium 0.03-0.2; aluminium 0.1-1.0; iron - the rest, herewith it is used in crushed shape with grain size 3.2-16 mm.
 Multi-component reducing mixture for melting of ferrosilicium / 2366740
Invention refers to iron and steel industry, particularly to production of ferroalloys by carbothermic reduction. Reducing mixture contains coke nut, brown coal of B grade with the lower heat of working fuel combustion equal to 3200 kcal/kg and working moisture contents up to 40 %; as loosening substance the reducing mixture contains cannel coal and wood chips at following ratio, % (for carbon): cannel coal 25-50, brown coal of B grade 14-20, wood chips 2-5, coke nut - the rest.
Charge mixture for production of ferroniobium by way of electroslag remelting / 2364651
Invention relates to metallurgy immediately dealing with electroslag remelting. The charge mixture contains the following components (wt %): wastes of production of pure niobium 62.0-70.0 containing niobium intermetallide (NbAI3) - 40.0-45.0%; iron scale - 20.0-28.0%; a slag-forming constituent - 1.0-6.0%; alabaster - 1.0-12.0%. The pure niobium production wastes contain the following components (wt %): niobium intermetallide - 40.0-45.0%; metallic niobium - 10.0-20.0%; alumina - 5.0-25.0%; impurities - balance.
High-strength nonmagmetic composition steel / 2360029
Invention relates to metallurgy field, particularly to composition of high-strength non-magnetic corrosion-resistant composition steel, used in mechanical engineering, aircraft building, special shipbuilding, instrument making and at creation of high-performance drilling engineering. Steel contains carbon, silicon, manganese, chrome, nickel, nitrogen, niobium, molybdenum, vanadium, zirconium nitride, iron and unavoidable admixtures at following ratio of components, wt %: carbon 0.04 - 0.12, silicon 0.10 - 0.60, manganese 5.0 - 12.0, chrome 19.0 - 21.0, nickel 4.0 - 9.0, molybdenum 0.5 - 1.5, vanadium 0.10 - 0.55, niobium 0.03 - 0.30, nitrogen 0.4 - 0.7, zirconium nitride 0.03 - 1.00, iron and unavoidable admixtures are the rest. Zirconium nitride is in the form of particles with nano-dispersibility.
Method of receiving of chrome-bearing alloy / 2354735
Invention can be used for processing of chrome ore, concentrates and aluminium-bearing wastes of non-ferrous metallurgy. In the method in the capacity of aluminium-bearing material it is used preprepared aluminium-bearing wastes from manufacturing of secondary aluminium in amount 0.6-1.1 wt % per 1 wt % of content Cr2O3 in chrome-ore concentrate. Isolation of received in furnace melt is implemented with blending during 10-15 minutes, after which it is preliminary pumped out in slag pan 70-90% of dross major part from the total dross mass, then it is pumped out part of the rest slag into metallic reservoir, isolated during 3-5 minutes and discharged the rest part and metal to the same metallic reservoir.
 Extraction method of metallic element, particularly metallic chromium, from charge containing metal oxides in arc furnace / 2352672
Invention relates to extraction method of metallic elements, particularly, metallic chromium from slag, which contains oxides, particularly chrome oxide, in arc furnace. Additionally slag is not reduced at separated stage after melting, but there are implemented following stages: after charge introduction into arc furnace it is melted, forming molten metal and slag. Melt is discharged, keeping unreduced slag in furnace. Then it is fed following scrap portion, including reducers for slug. At melting of this charge slag is reduced. Then slag and melt are merged. Method can be used also in aggregates of ladle or convertermetallurgy.
Method of receiving products made of iron with carbon alloy / 2352671
There are received products from alloy of iron and carbon with carbon content more than 2.14 wt % by means of melting, melt heating till the temperature for 400-600°C higher of eutectic temperature, isolation at this temperature no less than 10 minutes, ingot plastic deformation at the temperature higher than 600° and following cooling till the ambient temperature in water. Sulfur content in alloy is provided, not exceeding 0.001 wt %, phosphorus - not exceeding 0.01 wt %.
Melting method of ferrotitanium / 2351678
Invention relates to metallurgy field. Particularly it relates to production of ferroalloys by aluminothermy process. In the method in the capacity of titanium-bearing raw material it is used liquid titanic slag, it is mixed metallothermic part of charge, consisting of iron-ore concentrates, aluminium powder, lime and ferrosilicium in relation 1:(1.09-1.18):(0.27-0.33):(0.08-0.09) agreeably, in amount 126-146% of titanium slag mass, then it is mixed and penetrate main part of charge, consisting of iron-ore concentrate, lime and aluminium powder in relation 1:(0.1-0.29):(0.43-0.46) agreeably, in amount 15-25% of titanium slag mass. In the capacity of titanium-bearing raw material it is used liquid titanic slag with content 85-95% % TiO2 at temperature 1700-1850°C.
 Method of concentrates treatment from ore, containing oxides of ferric, titanium and vanadium and facility for its implementation / 2350670
Method is implemented by means of liquid-phase recovery of metals from oxides of concentrate batches, consisting of main and additional parts, in conditions of melt revolution by electromagnetic field. During the melting it is effectively used centrifugal effect, accelerated fused fed for melting charge, containing concentrate, and in it there are selectively recovered metals from oxides. At that likewise accelerated iron is diluted in aluminium while production of ferroaluminium. Method is implemented almost excluding gas emission from melt. Facility for method implementation is outfitted by collector circulating ferrosilicium that simplifies process of charge treatment, reduces treatment time of each regular charge batch. Under the bottom of circulating ferrosilicium collector there are located induction units which are equal in structure to induction units, located around walls and under the bottom of assembly that provides decreasing of costs for induction units manufacturing and for electricity supply.
Method of manganese ore reducing fusion / 2348727
Invention concerns pyrometallurgy. Particularly it concerns production of ferromanganese, and provides excluding of formation of dump waste slag at extraction of manganese from ore. In method it is implemented forming in furnace of reactionary capacity on the basis of fluorite melt, charging and reducing fusion of manganese ore, discharge from furnace of slag and ferromanganese. Before discharge from furnace of slag and ferromanganese into reactionary capacity it is add manganese ore in amount, depending on content of manganese in ore, content of manganese in slag and slag mass in furnace, till the receiving of slag with content 10-20% of manganese, used for preparation of welding flux.
 Charge for melting of high carbon ferromanganese / 2347835
Invention refers to metallurgy, particularly to processing of manganese raw material by melting in ore reducing furnaces. Charge contains manganese raw material, carbon reducer and flux. As manganese raw material there is used mixture of concentrate of rare phosphorous manganese ore with ratio P/Mn=0.0052-0.042 and high grade manganese ore with ratio P/Mn≤0.0021 at following ratio of components, wt %: carbon reducer 12-18, flux 8-20, concentrate of rare phosphorous manganese ore with ratio P/Mn=0.0052-0.042 5-40, high grade manganese ore with ratio P/Mn≤0.0021- the rest. The invention facilitates processing low grade native manganese containing materials.
 Method of regeneration of metallic chromium from slags containing chromium oxide / 2247161
Proposed method is used for converter processes such as AOD, MRP, AOD-L, MRP-L, CLU, ASM, Conars-Stainless steel, or vacuum processes such as VOD, SS-VOD, RH and RH with use of oxygen lance. Slag formed at the end of blowing and treatment in converter or vacuum plant is drained and removed in unreduced state; this slag is fed to electric furnace which is loaded with standard charge consisting of metal scrap and residual dust; then carbon is additionally fed and silicon if necessary; during melting, chromium oxide contained is slag is reduced by means of carbon and silicon.
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FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: in method in the capacity of charge it is used vanadium-bearing wastes and lime, herewith in oxidising area it is implemented separation of metal from vanadium-bearing melted slag with periodic or continuous discharge of it from furnace. It is implemented reduction of vanadium oxides from melted slag in reducing zone by introduction into melt of silicon-bearing alloy with acceptable content of aluminium 2-15%, taken in amount for 2-50% more than stoichiometrically necessary for reduction vanadium oxides. EFFECT: invention provides increasing of vanadium concentration in alloy, reducing of power inputs, improving of ecological situation. 2 ex, 2 tbl
The invention relates to the field of ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy, specifically to obtain vanadium alloys and alloys of slag, sludge, dust and other compounds of vanadium. Because of the low content of vanadium ores in the technology of their processing is a complex process consisting of a combination of a number of metallurgical and chemical processing. A known method of producing ferrovanadium, consisting of batch preparation, which comprises the oxides of vanadium, lime, ferrosilicon and recycled slag, melting, recovery, refining, production of finished products of melt from the furnace and casting molds (RISS M.A. Production of ferroalloys. - M.: metallurgy, 1975, s-292). The feature of the known method of producing ferrovanadium is that fusion consists of two periods: the recovery and refining. In the first period carry out the recovery of vanadium from vanadium oxides in conditions of significant excess reductant - ferrosilicon and high basicity slag. The result is an alloy containing vanadium 25-30%, silicon - 21-23%, carbon is 0.3 - 0.5% and slag containing vanadium less than 0.35%, the slag produced is cooled and sent to the dump. In the second period, the alloy is enriched with vanadium by refining it from silicon oxides of vanadium, which is loaded into the furnace the place of lime. Upon reaching the concentration of silicon in ferrovanadium within 9-12% slag produced and sent to the dump, and liquid ferrovanadium upload a new batch containing a mixture of oxides of vanadium and lime, and continue to Refine the metal to silicon in it to 1.5-2%. The resulting alloy contains 40-45% vanadium 1,2-1,4% manganese, 0.08% phosphorus and refining slag containing vanadium 6-12%. His return to the oven for the next melting during the first period. One base ton of ferrovanadium (40% vanadium) expended: 710 kg V2O5(100%), 425 kg of ferrosilicon, 75 kg aluminum 1350 kg lime, 300 kg of iron trimmings and about 1500-1800 kW·h of electricity. The disadvantages of this method is: - high power consumption; - the difficulty of obtaining a stable composition of the alloy; low kiln productivity due to the need for recovery and refining processes in one unit. It is known that in recent years, production of ferrovanadium directly use the Converter slag, bypassing the stage of chemical secretions from him pure vanadium oxide. Vanadium slag is shlakometallicheskih conglomerate with a ratio of metal and slag phases, respectively 30-80% and 20-70%. The composition of the slag phase: 17-24% V2O5; 2,5-3,0 the r 2About3; 17-20% SiO2; 7-11% IGOs; 8-12% Al2About3; 6-9% TiO2; 0.5 to 2% Cao; 5-8% MgO; 35-49% Fetotal. The composition of the metal phase: 3%; 0,02-0,06% V; traces of other elements, the base - Fe. A known method of producing Ferroalloy, including the filling mixture, melting vanadium-containing mixture with a reducing agent in an electric furnace and the release of the melt in the ladle. To reduce harmful impurities in the alloy before filling the mixture in a furnace heated to 1200-1700°C enter the sulfates of alkali and alkaline earth metals, then they are covered by the coke at a certain weight ratio (Author's certificate of USSR No. 589273, CL SS 33/04, priority from 1.09.1976, publ. 18.01.78). The disadvantages of the method are: - low productivity furnace Assembly; - high power consumption; - significant loss of vanadium from the slag; - environmental degradation. A known method of producing ferrovanadium, consisting of the preparation of vanadium-containing melt in an electric furnace, release it into the bucket at a temperature of 1400-1550 With and submission to the bucket of lime, iron and liquid ferrosilicon (Author's certificate of USSR No. 258348, CL SS 38/12, declared 16.07.76, publ. 25.12.77). The disadvantages of the method are: - the need to have another electric furnace to obtain a molten ferrosilicon; - unstable thermal balance of the melt; - Tr is bullying; appropriate regulation of the composition of the vanadium in the bucket. The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a method of processing raw materials containing non-ferrous metals and iron (RF Patent No. 2194781, priority dated 28.11.2000, publ. 20.12.2002, Bulletin No. 35). He adopted us as a prototype. The method involves feeding in the oxidation zone two-zone furnace slag on the melt mixture consisting of a source of ore, fluxes, carbonaceous material and oxygen-containing blast, melting the mixture to a melt which enters into the recovery area, which serves additionally carbonaceous material in an oxygen-containing blast, and the quantity of carbonaceous material and oxygen-containing blast in the oxidation zone give just enough to the carbon of coal burned, and its amount in the reducing zone support to fully translate the oxides of vanadium in the metallic phase and to compensate for heat loss. In this respect, the specific consumption of carbonaceous material per ton of recoverable metal in the oxidizing and reducing zones maintained within the range of 0.3 to 2.5, and the ratio of specific consumption of oxygen in these areas in the range from 0.7 to 3.0. The disadvantages of this method are: - the impossibility of its use for raw materials, which contains large quantities of meth is lofaso, for example, Converter slag; - poor performance of the unit; - high concentration of iron (oxide and metal) in the melt. The aim of the present invention are: - increasing the concentration of vanadium in the alloy when receiving it from vanadium slag; - reducing energy consumption; - improved performance; - the improvement of the environment. This goal is achieved by the fact that: in the oxidation zone of the furnace otpravlyautsa metallocene present in the vanadium slag and separated from the slag melt; metal periodically or continuously produced from the oxidation zone; as the reducing agent used silicon-containing material, which may include: aluminum in the amount of 2-15% and an impurity is magnesium, calcium and other metals, thermodynamic strength of which is higher than that of silicon dioxide; - silicon alloy is taken in quantity at 2-50% more than the stoichiometric required for the recovery of vanadium oxides The basis of the proposed method are the following processes: in the oxidation zone:+2O2=2SD2+Q; V2O3+O2=V2O5; in the reducing zone: 2/4V2O5+Si=4/5V+SiO2. In the presence of calcium oxide latter reaction takes the form: 2/5V2O 5+Si+2CaO=4/5V+2CaO*SiO2. As the carbonaceous material is coal, oxygen-containing blast - air enriched with oxygen and a reducing agent - ferrosilicon with silicon content not less than 65%. The amount of siliceous material is taken to ensure full recovery of vanadium oxides from the melt and some of its final content in ferrovanadium (upon Customer request). When its content in the mixture is less than 2% reduced vanadium recovery, and the introduction of it in the range of 2 to 50% is achieved not only the full recovery of the oxides of vanadium, but also getting kremnievoi ligatures, a higher concentration of silicon-containing material (>50%) not economically justified. Introduction the composition of the charge certain amount of aluminum provides improved kinetic and thermodynamic conditions for the restoration of oxides and receiving slag with lower viscosity. Below are examples of carrying out the invention does not exclude other in the scope of the claims. Example 1. The charge, consisting of 1000 kg Converter slag and 400 kg of lime, thoroughly mixed, and the portions were loaded into a preheated 1350°C oven (oxidation zone). Further heating of the mixture produced by burning coal in a stream of air enriched with oxygen. On on the stijene temperature in the oxidation zone of 1650°C, without interrupting the loading of the charge, opened pulmonary hole and released the metal deposited on the furnace hearth furnace. After gunning the accumulated melt started to cross in the recovery area, where continuously at a certain speed download ferrosilicon brand FS (170 kg) and lime (400 kg). The oven has worked for 3 hours. Proflavine 1000 kg of Converter slag, 170 kg of ferrosilicon and 800 kg of lime. The obtained iron 155 kg (oxidation zone) and ferrovanadium 320-350 (recovery zone). Table 1 presents the results of chemical analysis of samples of the metal recovery zone, taken during the experiments.
Ferrovanadium obtained by known techniques using the same slag, had composition, %: vanadium - 18-18,6, manganese - 5-6,4, silicon is 7.5 and 8.6, chrome - 2,9, titanium - 0,14-0,65, aluminum - 0.3 to 0.5. The composition of the metal released from the oxidation zone, %: vanadium - 0,02, carbon - 2,73, manganese - 0,34, chrome - 0,13, iron - rest. Experiments showed that the proposed technology allows to increase the concentration of vanadium in ferrovanadium by 5-7%, and the extraction of vanadium in the alloy was 85-89%. Example 2. Experiments were performed by the same method; the charge was partially replaced ferrosilicon aluminum; in some experiments in order to obtain margaretanndavis ligatures in charge of the injected waste ø the AK manganese metal composition, %: IGOs and 22.6; Cao - 42,1; SiO2 - 33,6; MgO - 4,4; Al2About3is 2.2. The results of the experiments are presented in table 2. 13
The composition of the metal oxidation zone has not changed. The analysis of the conducted experiments showed that the introduction of the slag dump, in particular slag manganese metal, allows you to get magnetventile ligatures specified composition with almost complete recovery of manganese and vanadium. The present invention can be implemented at the metallurgical enterprises, which produces the Converter vanadium-containing slags, there is waste in the form of dust from furnaces and converters, for example the Nizhniy Tagil metallurgical plant. The proposed technology of redistribution of vanadium-containing slag is characterized by missing the eating of poisonous substances in the exhaust gases, a high level of mechanization and automation is performed by means of highly efficient equipment and instrumentation. The invention can be used for processing other metal-containing wastes, in particular, from the production of Nickel, chromium, manganese added to the basic mixture of oxidizing and/or reducing the period of melting. The economic effect from implementation of the invention consists of energy savings, increase furnace productivity and simplifying the technology and reduce costs for environmentally harmful emissions. The method of obtaining vanadium alloys and alloys, including the preparation of the charge, a continuous feed her in the oxidation zone of the furnace, melting the mixture of carbonaceous material in oxygen-containing blast, taken in the ratio that ensures complete combustion of the carbon in the oxidation zone, obtaining shlakometallicheskih melt, the restoration of its oxides in the reducing zone, characterized in that as the charge is used vanadium waste and lime, while in the oxidation zone carry out the separation of metal from vanadium bearing slag melt with periodic or continuous release it from the oven, carry out the recovery of oxides of vanadium from the slag melt in vosstanovit the tion zone by introducing into the silicon melt alloy with a valid aluminium content of 2-15%, taken in quantity at 2-50% more than the stoichiometric required for the recovery of vanadium oxides.
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