Charge mixture for production of ferroniobium by way of electroslag remelting |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
IPC classes for russian patent Charge mixture for production of ferroniobium by way of electroslag remelting (RU 2364651):
High-strength nonmagmetic composition steel / 2360029
Invention relates to metallurgy field, particularly to composition of high-strength non-magnetic corrosion-resistant composition steel, used in mechanical engineering, aircraft building, special shipbuilding, instrument making and at creation of high-performance drilling engineering. Steel contains carbon, silicon, manganese, chrome, nickel, nitrogen, niobium, molybdenum, vanadium, zirconium nitride, iron and unavoidable admixtures at following ratio of components, wt %: carbon 0.04 - 0.12, silicon 0.10 - 0.60, manganese 5.0 - 12.0, chrome 19.0 - 21.0, nickel 4.0 - 9.0, molybdenum 0.5 - 1.5, vanadium 0.10 - 0.55, niobium 0.03 - 0.30, nitrogen 0.4 - 0.7, zirconium nitride 0.03 - 1.00, iron and unavoidable admixtures are the rest. Zirconium nitride is in the form of particles with nano-dispersibility.
Method of receiving of chrome-bearing alloy / 2354735
Invention can be used for processing of chrome ore, concentrates and aluminium-bearing wastes of non-ferrous metallurgy. In the method in the capacity of aluminium-bearing material it is used preprepared aluminium-bearing wastes from manufacturing of secondary aluminium in amount 0.6-1.1 wt % per 1 wt % of content Cr2O3 in chrome-ore concentrate. Isolation of received in furnace melt is implemented with blending during 10-15 minutes, after which it is preliminary pumped out in slag pan 70-90% of dross major part from the total dross mass, then it is pumped out part of the rest slag into metallic reservoir, isolated during 3-5 minutes and discharged the rest part and metal to the same metallic reservoir.
 Extraction method of metallic element, particularly metallic chromium, from charge containing metal oxides in arc furnace / 2352672
Invention relates to extraction method of metallic elements, particularly, metallic chromium from slag, which contains oxides, particularly chrome oxide, in arc furnace. Additionally slag is not reduced at separated stage after melting, but there are implemented following stages: after charge introduction into arc furnace it is melted, forming molten metal and slag. Melt is discharged, keeping unreduced slag in furnace. Then it is fed following scrap portion, including reducers for slug. At melting of this charge slag is reduced. Then slag and melt are merged. Method can be used also in aggregates of ladle or convertermetallurgy.
Method of receiving products made of iron with carbon alloy / 2352671
There are received products from alloy of iron and carbon with carbon content more than 2.14 wt % by means of melting, melt heating till the temperature for 400-600°C higher of eutectic temperature, isolation at this temperature no less than 10 minutes, ingot plastic deformation at the temperature higher than 600° and following cooling till the ambient temperature in water. Sulfur content in alloy is provided, not exceeding 0.001 wt %, phosphorus - not exceeding 0.01 wt %.
Melting method of ferrotitanium / 2351678
Invention relates to metallurgy field. Particularly it relates to production of ferroalloys by aluminothermy process. In the method in the capacity of titanium-bearing raw material it is used liquid titanic slag, it is mixed metallothermic part of charge, consisting of iron-ore concentrates, aluminium powder, lime and ferrosilicium in relation 1:(1.09-1.18):(0.27-0.33):(0.08-0.09) agreeably, in amount 126-146% of titanium slag mass, then it is mixed and penetrate main part of charge, consisting of iron-ore concentrate, lime and aluminium powder in relation 1:(0.1-0.29):(0.43-0.46) agreeably, in amount 15-25% of titanium slag mass. In the capacity of titanium-bearing raw material it is used liquid titanic slag with content 85-95% % TiO2 at temperature 1700-1850°C.
 Method of concentrates treatment from ore, containing oxides of ferric, titanium and vanadium and facility for its implementation / 2350670
Method is implemented by means of liquid-phase recovery of metals from oxides of concentrate batches, consisting of main and additional parts, in conditions of melt revolution by electromagnetic field. During the melting it is effectively used centrifugal effect, accelerated fused fed for melting charge, containing concentrate, and in it there are selectively recovered metals from oxides. At that likewise accelerated iron is diluted in aluminium while production of ferroaluminium. Method is implemented almost excluding gas emission from melt. Facility for method implementation is outfitted by collector circulating ferrosilicium that simplifies process of charge treatment, reduces treatment time of each regular charge batch. Under the bottom of circulating ferrosilicium collector there are located induction units which are equal in structure to induction units, located around walls and under the bottom of assembly that provides decreasing of costs for induction units manufacturing and for electricity supply.
Method of manganese ore reducing fusion / 2348727
Invention concerns pyrometallurgy. Particularly it concerns production of ferromanganese, and provides excluding of formation of dump waste slag at extraction of manganese from ore. In method it is implemented forming in furnace of reactionary capacity on the basis of fluorite melt, charging and reducing fusion of manganese ore, discharge from furnace of slag and ferromanganese. Before discharge from furnace of slag and ferromanganese into reactionary capacity it is add manganese ore in amount, depending on content of manganese in ore, content of manganese in slag and slag mass in furnace, till the receiving of slag with content 10-20% of manganese, used for preparation of welding flux.
 Charge for melting of high carbon ferromanganese / 2347835
Invention refers to metallurgy, particularly to processing of manganese raw material by melting in ore reducing furnaces. Charge contains manganese raw material, carbon reducer and flux. As manganese raw material there is used mixture of concentrate of rare phosphorous manganese ore with ratio P/Mn=0.0052-0.042 and high grade manganese ore with ratio P/Mn≤0.0021 at following ratio of components, wt %: carbon reducer 12-18, flux 8-20, concentrate of rare phosphorous manganese ore with ratio P/Mn=0.0052-0.042 5-40, high grade manganese ore with ratio P/Mn≤0.0021- the rest. The invention facilitates processing low grade native manganese containing materials.
 Method of electroslag melting of ferrotitanium / 2346994
Invention refers to special electrometallurgy and is designed for production of ferrotitanium of high quality out of titanium and steel chips. Melting of titanium and steel chips is performed in a slag bath in a water-cooled crystalliser by means of supply of electric current into slag through a non-consumable graphite electrode. Chips are loaded into the crystalliser by portions at amount of 20-50% from the total weight of chips. After melting of each portion of chips density of current is lowered at the electrode at 50-70% relative to density of current of melting and holding is carried out at lowered current density during 1-5 minutes. Further next portion of chips is melted.
Method of alumino-thermal production of ferro-titanium / 2338805
Invention refers to metallurgy of high-melting rare metals, particularly to metallurgy of titanium, and can be used at production of ferro-titanium for alloys on base of titanium and structural items. The method consists in out-of-furnace alumino-thermal reduction; ore titanium concentrates are used as titanium containing element of charge; elements of charge are mixed till obtaining the ratio of iron and titanium oxides 1:(1.0÷3.0) of wt, calcium oxide 0.2÷0.5 from the total weight of titanium and iron oxides and aluminium till obtaining ratio of total contents of titanium and iron oxides to aluminium as 1:(0.45÷0.55). Before reduction charge is heated to the temperature of 800-1000°C in inert medium and held to equalise temperature in charge volume; the process of reduction is initiated by firing of charge followed by heating turn off.
 Method of receiving of hollow ingots by method of electroslag remelting / 2363743
Invention relates to special electrometallurgy and can be used at manufacturing of hollow ingots by method electroslag remelting, including complex-alloyed, not containing titanium steels. Method includes remelting of consumed electrode on basic flux, containing, wt %: calcium fluoride 37-45, aluminium oxide 13-17, lime 24-30, silicon oxide 11-15, magnesium oxide 2-6, and accessory, containing, wt %: calcium fluoride 65-70, aluminium oxide 12-17, silicon oxide 8-10, magnesium oxide 8-10.
 Method of alloying of steels and alloys during process of electroslag remelting / 2355790
Invention relates to special electrometallurgy and can be used during the receiving of high-quality alloyed steel and alloy during the electroslag remelting. Method includes feeding of portion of alloying materials into furnace mold with flux before the start of remelting and the rest portion during the remelting process, herewith feeding of alloying materials before the beginning of remelting in amount 1-2% of flux weight is implemented in the mixture with flux. Alloying materials are crushed up to fraction 2-3 mm.
 Electric slaggy furnace for remelting / 2348710
Invention concerns metallurgy field and can be used at melting of steel, alloys and pure metals in electric vacuum slaggy furnace. Electric vacuum slaggy furnace contains water-cooled crystalliser with liquid slag, remelted electrode with mold-moving mechanism, pulling head of weldup ingot at that all equipment of furnace is located into vacuum chamber, and heating source for melting of electrode butt and warming of liquid slag is implemented in the form of one or several lasers.
 Electric slaggy furnace for remelting / 2348709
Invention concerns special metallurgy field and can be used at melting of steel, alloys and pure metals in electric vacuum slaggy furnace. Furnace contains copper water-cooled crystalliser with liquid bath, remelted electrode with mold-moving mechanism, pulling head of weldup ingot and outfitted by one or several lasers, used for melting of electrode butt and warming of liquid slag.
Method of electroslag melting of ferrotitanium / 2346994
Invention refers to special electrometallurgy and is designed for production of ferrotitanium of high quality out of titanium and steel chips. Melting of titanium and steel chips is performed in a slag bath in a water-cooled crystalliser by means of supply of electric current into slag through a non-consumable graphite electrode. Chips are loaded into the crystalliser by portions at amount of 20-50% from the total weight of chips. After melting of each portion of chips density of current is lowered at the electrode at 50-70% relative to density of current of melting and holding is carried out at lowered current density during 1-5 minutes. Further next portion of chips is melted.
 Control mode of electroslag installation operating regime and facility for its implementation / 2337979
Invention concerns electroslag remelting and can be used in mode controllers of electroslag furnace. Method includes control of operating current and definition by its modulated curve of formation moment of drop on the end of electrode. Smelting is implemented in pulsed operation by means of current interruption at the moment of drop of liquid metal initiation on the end of electrode, defining by curve of flux bath active resistance, with creating operational current pause of duration equal to time of tip leakage at purely thermal process of electrode burn-off and further rising of current till operating value after breakaway of the first drop and at the moment of further drop formation. Facility is additionally outfitted by three-input block of meter of tip leakage electrode metal into no-current condition, containing of electronic switch, constant-current source, voltage inverter and second threshold element. Invention provides rising of electroslag remelting efficiency and quality of ingot metal by means of drops breakage of electrode metal at the moment of its formation on electrode.
 Consumable electrode for producing high titanium ferro alloy by means of electro slag melting / 2335553
Consumable electrode contains as titanium containing filler mixture of slag with contents of titanium oxides not less, than 78 wt %, obtained by melting of ilmenite in electric furnace, reducer and binding agent; at that ratio of area of cross section of steel coat to area of cross section of filler in consumable electrode is not more, than 0.024, density of filler mixture packing in steel coat is not less, than 2.7 t/m3.
 Method of electroslag remelting (versions) / 2332471
Invention refers to electrometallurgy, particularly to specialised processes of electrosmelting and is designed for production of qualitative crystal structure by method of electroslag remelting (ESR). According to the method of electroslag remelting, a consumable electrode is remelted in a cooled crystalliser with a direct current at a rotation speed which facilitates a flat shape of the surface of the electrode melting end with a radial flow of liquid metal over it. According to another version, rotation is carried out in the direction counter to the effect of electromagnetic forces.
 Method of production of multylayer ingots by electroslag remelting / 2328538
Invention refers to a special metallurgy, particularly to electroslag remelting of a consumable electrode combined in height out of at least three heterogeneous parts; at that the electrode rotates around its axis at a linear velocity providing maximum efficiency of the process.
Method for electroslag production of die blanks for pressing-rolling line for production of railway wheels / 2320735
Method involves providing process in melting space of crystallizer having shape approximating in maximum extent to shape of die blank; melting metal and heating flux using current conductive consumable electrodes made from blank metal and disposed circumferentially within melting space with filling coefficient of at least 0.2, with total weight of electrodes being at least equal to that of blank; conducting process with value of supplied power being constant up to time when shrink hole is removed. Method allows die blanks of desired sizes and shapes to be produced with maximum high metal recovery of 0.8-0.9.
 Method of production of blanks from copper or its alloys / 2247162
Proposed method is used for production of dense ingots free from inclusions at low level of gas saturation adequate for further conversion, good weldability and high heat conductance. Proposed method includes manufacture of consumable electrode from charge materials, electroslag remelting of this electrode, molding of ingot and its deformation; consumable electrode is made by melting the charge materials in 6- or 12-ton crucible in vacuum induction furnace; electroslag remelting is performed to crystallizer, 500-700 mm in diameter; electric mode of remelting is selected depending on diameter of crystallizer; seven seed crystals are placed on tray: one in center and six over periphery at crystallizer walls; electric contact on seed crystals is distributed as required; after deformation, blank is cooled in air.
|
FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metallurgy immediately dealing with electroslag remelting. The charge mixture contains the following components (wt %): wastes of production of pure niobium 62.0-70.0 containing niobium intermetallide (NbAI3) - 40.0-45.0%; iron scale - 20.0-28.0%; a slag-forming constituent - 1.0-6.0%; alabaster - 1.0-12.0%. The pure niobium production wastes contain the following components (wt %): niobium intermetallide - 40.0-45.0%; metallic niobium - 10.0-20.0%; alumina - 5.0-25.0%; impurities - balance. EFFECT: invention enables increased efficiency of the ferroniobium production process due to improved extraction of niobium from the charge mixture combined with reduction of the charge mixture total mass due to primary aluminium exclusion therefrom). 3 cl, 1 ex, 1tbl
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy and can be used for electroslag remelting. Known mixture for the production of ferroniobium method aluminothermy, containing, wt.%: NB-material - 58-60 in the form of a mixture of niobium concentrate (Nb+Ta)2O5- 60-70 pentoxide and niobium (Nb2O5) - 25-30, and niobium slag 5-10; primary aluminum powder - 18-22; as iron material iron ore 3,5-5; as a slag-forming component is sodium nitrate 8-22. (Reference "Steelmaking", Publisher metallurgy, M., vol. 1, 1964 S). The disadvantage of the charge is that for the production of ferroniobium use of expensive primary aluminum powder and iron ore contains impurities, such as silica, oxides of titanium and phosphorus, which in the production process is recovered and transferred into the Ferroalloy. The aluminum contained in ferroniobium to 3.5-5.0 wt.%. The use of ferroniobium with a high content of undesirable elements in the production of NB-steels leads to additional expenses on their oxidation and, consequently, to higher steel. The process is accompanied by release of a large amount of heat and smoke, loss of niobium with smoke and with the formation of large quantities of slag. Extraction of niobium from charge which leaves 90%. Known also charge for out-of-furnace smelting of ferroniobium aluminothermic process containing the following components in wt.%: as NB material technical niobium pentoxide, niobium 39-48, iron scale 20-27, aluminium powder 21-24 and as a slag-forming substances - lime 8-13. (Patent RF №2180362, ál. SS 33/04, 11.09.2000. The prototype). The disadvantage of the charge is that in the process of getting ferroniobium spent a large number of expensive primary aluminium. Increased consumption of aluminum in the charge leads to a partial recovery in ferroniobium. For ferroniobium production required a large mass of the charge and slaboslishashih. All this leads to reduced recovery of niobium from charge and a General lack of efficiency of the process. The problem solved by the invention is to increase the efficiency of the production of ferroniobium. This task is solved in that the mixture for the production of ferroniobium by the ESR method comprising NB material, iron scale, slag-forming component further comprises alabaster, and as NB-material - waste production of pure niobium content of intermetallic niobium 40,0-45,0% in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Waste from the production of pure niobium containing, in wt.%:
In addition, as lacobriga component used Flourite. Use in the blend wastes from the production of pure niobium containing in connection with niobium, aluminum, i.e. intermetallic niobium (NbAL3)allows to exclude the use in the charge as reducing primary aluminum and significantly reduce the amount teplootrazhayuschikh components. During melting of waste containing intermetallic niobium, the oxidation of aluminum with iron oxides (iron oxides). However, the number is the number of oxygen in the scale, is not sufficient for complete oxidation of the aluminum of intermetallic niobium. Input alabaster (CaSO4) replaces the deficient amount of oxygen extracted from the scale, and contributes to the oxidation of aluminum, passed into the liquid melt of ferroniobium, increasing mass fraction of niobium in ferroniobium. Formed by oxidation of aluminum oxide aluminum goes into the slag melt and together with the alumina contained in the waste, and Fluor-spar supports the heat balance of the ESR process. Metal niobium is dissolved in the recovered iron oxides, forming an alloy of ferroniobium. In addition, alabaster increases zhidkofaznoi slag, thereby creating the possibility of deposition of fine particles of niobium, restored from intermetallic niobium. The introduction of alabaster in the mixture is less than 1.0 wt.% not enough for oxidation of aluminum intermetallic niobium, and the introduction of more than 12 wt.% increases the amount of slag, its conductivity and lowers the temperature, which may lead to incomplete precipitation of the metal phase. Introduction in charge of waste from the production of pure niobium less than 62 wt.% results of the low content of niobium in the finished product that does not meet the requirements GOST-85, and the introduction in charge of waste more than 70 wt.% results ferroniobium is with high melting temperature, and that is difficult when it is used for alloying of steel. Fluorspar (CaF2) is a slag-forming material and the source of the initial heat generated when it is melting, and together with alumina (AL2O3)in waste from 5% to 25%, forms a high-temperature eutectic, providing at the initial stage of ESR melting intermetallic niobium. In waste metal fractions of pure niobium (wrens) to 10-20% due to the high process temperature of the slag and metal baths) 1800-1900°C melt into them, forming an alloy of niobium with iron. The introduction of fluorspar peshat in the mixture is less than 1.0 wt.% not enough to restore the height of the slag bath to conduct the process of remelting ESR. Introduction in charge of more than 6.0 wt.% will lead to the formation of excessive amounts of slag, which increases the deposition of metal particles of the charge passing through the slag melt, and may increase losses of niobium. Introduction in charge of iron oxides less than 20.0 wt.% reduces the mass fraction of iron in the alloy, while increasing the proportion of niobium, which consequently increases the melting temperature of the alloy. Introduction in charge of the scale more than 28 wt.% increases the amount of iron in ferroniobium, reducing the proportion of niobium, which does not meet the requirements of GOST 16773-85.</> Thus, the technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the production of ferroniobium by increasing the recovery of niobium from charge, reducing the weight of the total mixture and the expulsion of a mixture of primary aluminium. Example. On electroslag furnace type USH-148 was produced by the melting of the charge, consisting of waste from the production of pure niobium 60 kg, iron oxides 20 kg, fluorspar 2 kg, alabaster 0,2 kg Remelting was carried out in the mould with a diameter of 230 mm using narashimha graphite electrode in electric mode, the current 2500A, voltage 46 century. By melting 10% by weight of the total mixture and heating the melt to 1600-1750°C in the mold periodically through 1-5 filed with the remainder of the mixture in small portions, so that the surface of the slag melt is not formed unmelted charge. The duration of melting specified weighed 83 kg amounted to 70 minutes after the filing of the charge, the melt was kept for 3-5 minutes until complete precipitation of the metal phase, then the furnace ESR disabled. After cooling, the ingots were removed from the mold, the slag was separated from the metal parts and the ingot was crushed to a fraction of 50-150 mm in accordance with GOST 16773-85. At the turn of the ingot ferroniobium homogeneous layers of slag were observed. The melting process sleepaholic stable. For one ton of ferroniobium production of the proposed charge is used 1200 kg of waste from the production of pure niobium, 400 kg scale, 40 kg fluorspar, 40 kg alabaster, i.e. a total of 1680 kg components. Compared with the known mixture for the production of 1 ton of ferroniobium method aluminothermy need 2890 kg charge component. The table shows the results of industrial tests of the proposed composition of the mixture for the production of ferroniobium method of ESR. Melt 1, 5 passed with the composition of the waste from the production of pure niobium in wt%: of intermetallic niobium 45,0; niobium metal 20,0; alumina - 20,0; impurities - the rest. Heat 2 was held with the waste composition in wt.%: of intermetallic niobium 42,0; niobium metal 15,0; alumina 18,0; impurities - the rest. Heat 3 was waste composition in wt.%: of intermetallic niobium 40,0; niobium metal 13,0; alumina 17,0; impurities - the rest. Fusion 4 was held with the waste composition in wt.%: of intermetallic niobium 44,0; niobium metal 11,0; alumina 12,0; impurities - the rest. Melting 6,7 passed with waste composition in wt.%: of intermetallic niobium 42,0; niobium metal 8,0; alumina 20,0; impurities - the rest. The content of niobium in ferroniobium was 55-65%, which allows to obtain the ferroniobium necessary mark. Extraction of niobium from charge amounted to 94-95%. The contents of aluminum and titanium in fer the niobium was less than 3%, that meets the requirements of GOST 16773-85. For comparison conducted electroslag remelting mixture containing niobium pentoxide, niobium 39 wt.%, iron oxides 27 wt.%, aluminium powder 24 wt.%, lime 10 wt.% (prototype). The mass of the mixture for the production of 1 ton of ferroniobium was 2890 kg study the chemical composition showed that ferroniobium aluminum content exceeded the value specified by HOST-85, extraction of niobium from charge was 93%. The proposed composition of the mixture for the production of ferroniobium by the ESR method allows the use of waste from the production of pure niobium, extract from charge niobium almost up to 95%, to reduce the overall weight of the charge 2 times, to exclude from charge primary aluminium.
1. The mixture for the production of ferroniobium by the ESR method, characterized in that it contains iron dross, slag-forming component, alabaster, wastes from production of pure niobium content of intermetallic niobium (NbAI3) 40,0-45,0% in the following ratio, wt.%:
2. The mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste from the production of pure niobium contain the following components, wt%:
3. The mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that as a slag-forming component it contains fluorspar.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||