The invention relates to the field of solar technology, in particular for manufacturing solar installations with solar concentrators for the generation of electricity and heat.

Known solar installation with a hub comprising a cylindrical hub receives sunlight plane, the cross section of the hub is made of a circle of radius r, and the radiation receiver with bilateral working surface located in the plane of radius r (French patent 2342558, publ. 23.09.77, MKI H01L 31/08, G02B 5/08). Solar radiation comes on the receiving plane, which includes a portion of the radiation receiver, made in the form of solar cells with bilateral photosensitivity, part of the solar radiation falls directly on the front side of the radiation detector located on the receiving plane within the radius r. Through the second part of the receptive plane with the size of r, the radiation passes to the hub, is reflected and goes to the back side of the radiation detector. Concentrations (geometric) radiation on solar cells, equal to the ratio of the area receptive plane (2r) to the area of solar cells (r), in this case is 2.

A disadvantage of the known solutions is the low concentration of bat is to use solar cells, which in the ideal case equal to 2, while in real terms taking into account the reflection from the cylindrical hub is 1.5-1.6, which leads to a slight change in the cost characteristics of the module (PV module)and thermal parameters (for combined modules) to generate electricity and heat.

Known solar installation with a hub comprising a cylindrical hub receives sunlight plane and the radiation receiver with double-sided work surface, whose cross section cylindrical hub made two radii, and circumference of radius r is mated with a circle of large radius R in the plane, on which the centers of both radii perpendicular to the plane receiving the radiation. The radiation detector may be located in the plane of radius r, perceiving combined with the plane of the pair of circles with radii r and R (RF Patent No. 2191329, class and 7 F24J 2/14, 20.02.2001).

The installation has a higher concentration of radiation in comparison with analog. The disadvantage of a solar installation is the low value of the aperture angle within which the solar module concentrates direct and diffuse solar radiation.

The proposed invention solves follow what their technical objectives: increase the concentration of radiation on the radiation receiver, the aperture angle of the hub and the fill factor and use the useful area of installation.

To achieve the specified result in a solar installation with a hub containing a cylindrical mirror reflectors and detectors in the focal region, the hub is made of n (n≥3) facet axisymmetric cylindrical annular toroidal reflectors forming in the volume of the toroidal surface, and in the plane of the midsection of the hub regular polygon number of sides n, the radius of the cross section of each of the cylindrical reflector is equal to the distance of the center of the cross section from the axis of symmetry and four times smaller than the diameter of a circle inscribed in the polygon, and the receiver is made in the form of a polygon with number of sides m≥3, set asymmetrically in the plane of the midsection of the hub and has a diameter of the circle circumscribed around the receiver equal to the radius of the circle circumscribed around the polygon hub.

In a solar installation with a hub containing a cylindrical mirror reflectors and the light receiver, the hub is made of n (n≥3) facet axisymmetric cylindrical reflectors forming in the volume of the toroidal surface, and in the plane of the midsection of the hub regular polygon number Stour is n n, the radius of the cross section of each of the cylindrical reflector is equal to the distance of the center of the cross section from the axis of symmetry and four times smaller than the diameter of a circle inscribed in the polygon and round the receiver is set asymmetrically in the plane of the midsection of the hub and has a diameter equal to the radius of the circle circumscribed around the polygon hub, and a geometric concentration ratio of solar installation is

In a variant design of the solar installation with a hub, the hub is made in the shape of a square of four faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the form of a circle with diameter equal to half the diameter of the circle circumscribed around a square hub.

In another embodiment, the design of the solar installation with a hub, the hub is made in the form of a hexagon of six faceted cylindrical toroidal mirror reflector, and the receiver is made in the form of a circle with diameter equal to half the diameter of a hexagon circumscribed around the circle.

In another embodiment, the design of the solar installation with a hub, the hub is made in the form of dvenadtsatimilnuju of the twelve faceted toroidal mirror reflector, and the receiver is made in the form of a circle with diameter equal the output half of the diameter of a circle, described around the hub.

In a solar installation with a hub containing a cylindrical mirror reflectors and the light receiver, the hub is made of n (n≥3) facet axisymmetric cylindrical reflectors forming in the volume of the toroidal surface, and in the plane of the midsection of the hub regular polygon number of sides n, the radius of the cross section of each of the cylindrical reflector is equal to the distance of the center of the cross section from the axis of symmetry and four times smaller than the diameter of a circle inscribed in the polygon, and the receiver in the shape of a square set asymmetrically in the plane of the midsection of the hub and has a size of a side of the square equal to the radius of the circle circumscribed around the polygon hub and a geometric concentration ratio of solar installation is

In the embodiment, a solar installation with a hub, the hub is made in the shape of a square of four faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the form of a square with side equal to half the diameter of the circle described in the plane of the midsection around the hub.

In another embodiment, a solar installation with a hub, the hub is made in the form of a hexagon of six faceted toroidal cylinder is Harikesa reflectors, and the receiver is made in the shape of a square with a side equal to half of the sides of the hexagonal hub.

In another embodiment, a solar installation with a hub, the hub is made in the form of dvenadtsatimilnuju of the twelve faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the shape of a square with a side equal to half the diameter of the circle circumscribed around twelve hub.

In a solar installation with a hub containing a cylindrical mirror reflectors and the light receiver, the hub is made of n (n≥3) facet axisymmetric cylindrical reflectors forming in the volume of the toroidal surface, and in the plane of the midsection of the hub regular polygon number of sides n, the radius of the cross section of each of the cylindrical reflector is equal to the distance of the center of the cross section from the axis of symmetry and four times smaller than the diameter of a circle inscribed in the polygon and round the receiver is set asymmetrically in the plane of the midsection of the hub and has a diameter equal to the radius of a circle inscribed in the polygon hub, and the geometrical factor concentrating solar installation is

In the embodiment, a solar installation with a hub, the hub is made in the form to the of Agrate of four faceted cylindrical toroidal reflectors, and the receiver is made in the form of a circle with diameter equal to half the side of the square hub.

In another embodiment, a solar installation with a hub, the hub is made in the form of a hexagon of six faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the form of a circle with a diameter equal to half the diameter of a circle inscribed in the hexagon hub.

In another embodiment, a solar installation with a hub, the hub is made in the form of dvenadtsatimilnuju of the twelve faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the form of a circle with diameter equal to half the diameter of a circle inscribed in dvenadtsatikolonnom hub.

In a solar installation with a hub containing a cylindrical mirror reflectors and the light receiver, the hub is made of n (n≥3) facet axisymmetric cylindrical reflectors forming in the volume of the toroidal surface, and in the plane of the midsection of the hub regular polygon number of sides n, the radius of the cross section of each of the cylindrical reflector is equal to the distance of the center of the cross section from the axis of symmetry and four times smaller than the diameter of a circle inscribed in the polygon, and the receiver in the shape of a square set asymmetrically in the plane of the midsection concentration is atora and has the size of a side of the square, equal to the radius of a circle inscribed in the polygon hub, and a geometric concentration ratio of solar installation is

In the embodiment, a solar installation with a hub, the hub is made in the shape of a square of four faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the form of a square, the sides of which are parallel to the sides of the hub and two times lower sides of the hub.

In another embodiment, a solar installation with a hub, the hub is made in the form of a hexagon of six faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the shape of a square with a side equal to half the diameter of a circle inscribed in the hexagon hub.

In another embodiment, a solar installation with a hub, the hub is made in the form of dvenadtsatimilnuju of the twelve faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the shape of a square with a side equal to half the diameter of a circle inscribed in dvenadtsatiletny the hub.

The invention is illustrated by drawings:

figure 1 (a, b, C) view of the solar installation with a hub in the shape of a square;

figure 2 (a, b, C) - General view (a), section (b) and type in (in) solar plant with a hub in fo the IU hexagon;

figure 3 (a, b) - section (a) and type (b) solar plant with a hub in the form of dvenadtsatimilnuju.

Solar module with a hub (figa, b, C) consists of a beveled cylindrical toroidal hub 1 receives sunlight the plane of the midsection 2. The hub 7 is made in the shape of a square of four faceted cylindrical reflector 3. The radiation receiver 4 with the front 5 and rear 6 of the working surface is in the plane of the midsection 2. The receiver 4 in figure 1 (a) is made of 36 solar cells 4. In the General case, the receiver 4 may be made in the form of water or air solar collector with two working surfaces 5 and 6. The receiver 4 is made in the shape of a square with sides and sides parallel to the sides of the hub 7, and the length of each side of the receiver 4 in two times less than the length of the side a of the hub 7. The diameter d of the circumscribed around the receiver 4, the circumference of 7 two times smaller than the diameter D of a circle 8, described around the hub 1. The cross-section of each facet of the reflector 1 has a radius r and removed from the center of symmetry of the reflector 9 at a distance ofThe center of symmetry 5 of the receiver 3 coincides with the center of symmetry 4 of the reflector 1. The geometrical concentration ratio of K_G=4.

The hub 7 in figure 2 (a, b, C) performed in the ideal six cylindrical toroidal mirror reflectors 10, installed asymmetrically around the center of symmetry 9 of the hub 7. The receiver 4 is made in the form of a circle with a diameterwhere D₁the diameter described about the hub 1 of a circle 11. The geometrical concentration ratio of

The hub 1 in figure 3 (a, b) is made of twelve cylindrical mirror reflectors 72 installed in the form of a toroid around the axis of symmetry 9. The receiver 4 is made in the shape of a square whose side is a₂equal to half the diameter D₂circle 13, described around dvenadcatiletnego hub 1. The geometrical concentration ratio of

We define the geometric concentration factor for variants faceted cylindrical toroidal hubs.

As a variable taken n is the number of cylindrical facet in the hub 1.

Versions of the receiver 4:

1. Large receiver with diameter d_CR=R_description

The area of the receiver

The square hub

The geometrical concentration ratio of

2. Square receiver side d=R_description.

The area of the receiver

PLO the location area of the hub

3. Round receiver with diameter

The area of the receiver

The square hub

4. Square receiver side

The area of the receiver

The square hub

Options hub 1:

1. The hub of the four beveled mirror cylindrical toroidal reflectors 3, n=4 (figure 1).

The square hub

The area of the receiver:

2. The hub of the six facet mirror cylindrical toroidal reflectors 10, n=6 (figure 2).

The square hub

The area of the receiver:

3. The hub of the twelve faceted mirror cylindrical toroidal reflectors 12, n=12 (figure 3).

The square hub

The area of the receiver

Increasing the number faceted reflectors n the area of the hub S_ncommitted to the area of a circleand geometric concentration factor is equal to the value of K_geomfor all toroidal hub:

Options 1 and 2 are the same with 3 and 4, because n→∞

R_HIV→R_description→R_circleand S_HIV→S_description→S_n→S_circle.

Let us look at examples of the solar installation with the hub.

Example 1. The hub 1 is made of six faceted mirror toroidal reflectors 10, forming the hexagon with sides equal to the radius R_descriptiondescription the Noah circumference 11 (figure 2). The diameter of the circumcircle 11 is equal to D=2 R_description=300 mm Receiver with 4 double-sided work surface is made in the form of a circle with a diameter

The area of the hub 1 is:

The area of the receiver 4:

The geometrical concentration ratio of K_g=3,3.

Optical efficiency η_opt=0,8; the efficiency of the solar cell η_se=15%; peak electrical power at light E_with=1000 W/m²:

P_e=E_with·η_se·η_opt·S_CR·K_G=1000 W/m²·0,15·0,8·176,62·10^-4·3,3=6,9 watts.

Solar module of 36 mirror facet toroidal hub has a peak capacity of P_e=248,4 watts. Through the use of a hub in the shape of a hexagon, the fill factor of the module or the utilization ratio of the square of the module is equal to 100%.

Example 2. The hub is made in the shape of a square of four beveled mirror toroidal reflectors 3 (figure 1). The size of the side of the hub 1 A=2,4 m Receiver 4 is made in the form of a square of side a=1.2 m of two solar modules with two working surfaces 5 and 6 with the size of each module 1,2×0,6 m Each module is made of 36 solar e the elements of size 125× 125 mm and has a peak electrical power of 75 watts.

The area of the hub S₄=5,76 m².

The area of the receiver S_CR=1,44 m².

The geometrical concentration ratio of K=4.

When the optical efficiency η_opt=0,8 electric power of the solar installation hub R_e=150 W·0,8·4=480 watts.

Solar installation hub is the aperture angle equal to 180°utilization of the working space of the installation, close to 100% and does not require tracking of the sun. The use of double-sided working surface of the receiver in the form of solar cells leads to reduction of the operating temperature of the receiver due to the lack of a solid metal contact with the outside side of the solar cell and passing through the solar thermal element photoactive part of the solar radiation over the edge of the strip intrinsic absorption of the solar cell.

1. Solar installation with a hub containing a cylindrical mirror reflectors and the light receiver, wherein the hub is made of n (n≥3) facet axisymmetric cylindrical reflectors forming in the volume of the toroidal surface, and in the plane of the midsection of the hub regular polygon number of sides n, the radius of the cross section of each calendaritemaggregates equal to the distance of the center of the cross section from the axis of symmetry and four times smaller than the diameter of a circle, inscribed in the polygon, and the receiver is made in the form of a polygon with number of sides m≥3 and installed asymmetrically in the plane of the midsection of the hub and has a diameter of the circle circumscribed around the receiver equal to the radius of the circle circumscribed around the polygon hub.

2. Solar installation with a hub containing a cylindrical mirror reflectors and the light receiver, wherein the hub is made of n (n≥3) facet axisymmetric cylindrical reflectors forming in the volume of the toroidal surface, and in the plane of the midsection of the hub regular polygon number of sides n, the radius of the cross section of each of the cylindrical reflector is equal to the distance of the center of the cross section from the axis of symmetry and four times smaller than the diameter of a circle inscribed in the polygon and round the receiver is set asymmetrically in the plane of the midsection of the hub and has a diameter equal to the radius of the circle circumscribed around the polygon hub, and a geometric concentration ratio of solar installation is

3. Solar installation with a hub according to claim 2, characterized in that the hub is made in the shape of a square of four faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver made the circle with diameter equal to half the diameter of the circle circumscribed around a square hub.

4. Solar installation with a hub according to claim 2, characterized in that the hub is made in the form of a hexagon of six faceted cylindrical toroidal mirror reflector, and the receiver is made in the form of a circle with diameter equal to half the diameter of a hexagon circumscribed around the circle.

5. Solar installation with a hub according to claim 2, characterized in that the hub is made in the form of dvenadtsatimilnuju of the twelve faceted toroidal mirror reflector, and the receiver is made in the form of a circle with a diameter equal to half the diameter of the circle circumscribed around the hub.

6. Solar installation with a hub containing a cylindrical mirror reflectors and the light receiver, wherein the hub is made of n (n≥3) facet axisymmetric cylindrical reflectors forming in the volume of the toroidal surface, and in the plane of the midsection of the hub regular polygon number of sides n, the radius of the cross section of each of the cylindrical reflector is equal to the distance of the center of the cross section from the axis of symmetry and four times smaller than the diameter of a circle inscribed in the polygon, and the receiver in the shape of a square set asymmetrically in the plane of mi is El hub and has a size of a side of the square, equal to the radius of the circle circumscribed around the polygon hub, and a geometric concentration ratio of solar installation is

7. Solar installation with a hub according to claim 6, characterized in that the hub is made in the shape of a square of four faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the form of a square with side equal to half the diameter of the circle described in the plane of the midsection around the hub.

8. Solar installation with a hub according to claim 6, characterized in that the hub is made in the form of a hexagon of six faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the shape of a square with a side equal to half of the sides of the hexagonal hub.

9. Solar installation with a hub according to claim 6, characterized in that the hub is made in the form of dvenadtsatimilnuju of the twelve faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the shape of a square with a side equal to half the diameter of the circle circumscribed around twelve hub.

10. Solar installation with a hub containing a cylindrical mirror reflectors and the light receiver, wherein the hub is made of n (n≥3) facet axisymmetric Zilin the historical reflectors, forming in the volume of the toroidal surface, and in the plane of the midsection of the hub regular polygon number of sides n, the radius of the cross section of each of the cylindrical reflector is equal to the distance of the center of the cross section from the axis of symmetry and four times smaller than the diameter of a circle inscribed in the polygon and round the receiver is set asymmetrically in the plane of the midsection of the hub and has a diameter equal to the radius of a circle inscribed in the polygon hub, and a geometric concentration ratio of solar installation is

11. Solar mounting hub of claim 10, wherein the hub is made in the shape of a square of four faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the form of a circle with diameter equal to half the side of the square hub.

12. Solar mounting hub of claim 10, wherein the hub is made in the form of a hexagon of six faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the form of a circle with a diameter equal to half the diameter of a circle inscribed in the hexagon hub.

13. Solar mounting hub of claim 10, wherein the hub is made in the form of dvenadtsatimilnuju of the twelve facet the s cylindrical toroidal reflectors, and the receiver is made in the form of a circle with diameter equal to half the diameter of a circle inscribed in dvenadtsatikolonnom hub.

14. Solar installation with a hub containing a cylindrical mirror reflectors and the light receiver, wherein the hub is made of n (n≥3) facet axisymmetric cylindrical reflectors forming in the volume of the toroidal surface, and in the plane of the midsection of the hub regular polygon number of sides n, the radius of the cross section of each of the cylindrical reflector is equal to the distance of the center of the cross section from the axis of symmetry and four times smaller than the diameter of a circle inscribed in the polygon, and the receiver in the shape of a square set asymmetrically in the plane of the midsection of the hub and has a size of a side of the square equal to the radius of a circle inscribed in the polygon hub, and a geometric concentration ratio of solar installation is

15. Solar installation with a hub at 14, characterized in that the hub is made in the shape of a square of four faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the form of a square, the sides of which are parallel to the sides of the hub and two times lower sides of the hub.

16. Solar installation is the hub for 14 characterized in that the hub is made in the form of a hexagon of six faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the shape of a square with a side equal to half the diameter of a circle inscribed in the hexagon hub.

17. Solar installation with a hub at 14, characterized in that the hub is made in the form of dvenadtsatimilnuju of the twelve faceted cylindrical toroidal reflector, and the receiver is made in the shape of a square with a side equal to half the diameter of a circle inscribed in dvenadtsatiletny the hub.