The invention relates to solar energy, in particular, to the design and method of manufacturing solar photovoltaic modules to generate electricity.

There is a construction and a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module by laminating two sheets of glass and located between connected panels with intermediate layers of plastic in the form of vinyl acetate and of telara at a temperature of 120-160°C for 5-10 minutes in a vacuum, and then proceed under the pressure of 1.5-2 kg/cm²within 5-20 minutes (J.I.Hanoka, P.M.Kane. Advanced Polimer PV System, NREL/SNL Photovoltaics Program Review/Proceedings of the 14^thConference, Nov., 1996, AIP Woodbury New York, p.859-866).

A disadvantage of known construction and method of manufacture is not a high service life of the module (10-20 years) due to the aging of the plastic under the action of solar radiation and deterioration of its sealing properties. Another disadvantage is the reduction in the transparency of the plastic over time and, as a consequence, the reduction given by the magnitude of electric power. Another drawback is the problem of disposing of the module after running out of life.

The closest in technical essence of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module by connecting the two sheets of glass in Steklova the et on three sides by welding or gluing glass on the ends of the package. In the glass insert can switch the panels, external electrodes disposed on the back surface of the module, heated received the module up to 50-80°With, in the glass pour optically transparent fluid seal glass by welding or gluing, and then cooled to room temperature (patent RF №2130670 CL H 01 L 31/18, 1998).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the greater complexity of manufacturing module, restricted life because of the possibility of breakage of the glass at extremely high mechanical effects (strong winds, hail and the like), the inability of the repair module and the unresolved problem of disposing of the module at the end of life.

The task of the invention is to increase the service life of the module up to 100 years or more, full maintainability, the replacement of all parts and disposal of unserviceable items.

In use of the present invention increases the service life of the module and produced by them total electric power during the whole service life.

This result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module, the module housing is manufactured in the form of a flat vessel with a removable lid on the top side, the cover set tocop oodama terminals, to which it is attached contacts connected panels, the housing insert can switch the panels and close the lid.

Another advantage of the method of manufacturing a module is that connected the panels are secured on the frame or sheet by bonding or mechanical fastening.

An additional feature of the method of manufacturing a module is that the sheets are made from wettable by the liquid material with a developed surface, for example microporous glass bre.

Another distinctive feature of the method of manufacturing a module is that in case pour antifreeze liquid.

Another advantage of the method of manufacturing a module is that the liquid is poured into the housing before putting the module into operation through the hole in the lid closed by a stopper.

Another advantage of the method of manufacturing a module is that the liquid is injected gelling additives.

Another advantage of the method of manufacturing a module is that the fluid circulates through the body along the outer contour.

The above result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed design of the PV module housing has the form of a vessel with a narrow walls with removable cover on the upper end side, on the cover installed comprobadas terminals at the scrap mounting contacts from the connected panels.

Another difference between the module structure is that between the walls of the case is made jumper.

Another difference between the design of the PV module is that the casing pipe, connected to an external circuit of the liquid located below the level of the module.

Another distinctive feature of the design of the PV module is that the cover has at least one removable plug.

Another difference between the design of the PV module is that the body is made of glass or plastic, for example polycarbonate.

Another distinctive feature of the design of the PV module is that on the light-receiving side is glass with a vacuum between the glass and the rest of the surface is covered with a layer of insulation.

Another difference between the design of the PV module is that the module is in the focus of the optical concentrator.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 and 2 show longitudinal and transverse sections of the module structure. Figure 3-5 cross section of the module structure.

According to figure 1, a photovoltaic module includes a housing 1 in the form of a flat vessel with a narrow (through with crack-like) walls of glass or plastic, inclined to the horizon at some in the scrap and connected with the atmosphere through the upper side of the vessel, which put the cover 2 with the conductive terminals 3. Inside the housing 1 to the terminal 3 through the fastening Assembly 4 attached to the contacts 5 connected panels 6. Level 7 ice-free, transparent, dielectric fluid does not reach the upper edge of the vessel body, but is located above the level of the solar cells 6. When this plane module can be inclined to the horizon at an angle of 10 to 90 degrees. The direction of solar radiation is shown by arrows. Shown in figure 2, the design module further comprises on the cover 2 plug 8 for the Gulf of fluid in the assembled module and between the walls of the case is made of jumper 9 to prevent deformation of the walls of the pressurized fluid and to increase the mechanical strength of the module. The presence of tube 8 makes the module more convenient operation, allowing you to transport, store and mount the module in a dry, fill or add fluid immediately before the operation.

Figure 3 shows the design of the module, which can switch the panels mounted on the frame or sheet 10, which allows manufacturing modules with a large surface area (more than 0.5 m²and a large number of connected panels.

Figure 4 shows a variant of the design module, connected to the system forced the circus the ablation fluid through the nozzles 11, located on the side of the case. Arrows show the direction of fluid motion. External circuit of the liquid is below the level of the module. The circulation of the fluid provides cooling of solar cells, lower operating temperatures and increase their efficiency. Thermal energy from the fluid is transferred for storage and use in an external circuit. The arrows show the direction of solar radiation, which may have increased the intensity through the use of optical hub and placing the module in its focus. Liquid heat sink system helps to maintain the high efficiency of solar cells in terms of use of concentrated solar radiation.

Figure 5 shows a variant of the module structure on the side where the light-receiving side is vakuumirovaniya glass 12, and the other surface of the module body covered with a layer of heat insulator 13. Vakuumirovaniya the glass unit 12 performs the role of a transparent insulator, which in combination with insulation 13 increases the efficiency of conversion of solar radiation into heat energy, which is given in the external circuit. This module design allows obtaining output with high efficiency at the same time electric and thermal energy.

A method of manufacturing a module presented in figure 1 is implemented as follows. From glass or transparent plastic, for example polycarbonate, manufactured through with crack-like vessel 1 with flat walls. In the manufacture of vessel used methods of casting, extrusion, soldering or gluing. To increase the strength of the ends of the vessel, especially from the outside, it is advisable to make rounded. One of the ends left open and it made the cover 2 of a dielectric material. On the cover 2 sets of conductive terminals 3 attachment 4 contacts 5. The panels 6 are connected through contacts 5 and attach them to the lid 2 through the mount 4. Is poured into the vessel 1, the liquid, such as siloxane, is inserted into the vessel photoconverters and close the cover 2. If repair is required, the module can be easily disassembled into parts and to replace or repair any of its elements. Moreover, recycling takes only a fraction of the module, for Example, the most expensive part of the solar cells can be disconnected from each other, sorted by efficiency and reused in a refurbished modules.

A method of manufacturing a module according to figure 2 differs in that case create internal jumpers 9, the lid 2 create the tube 8 and in the finished module pour the liquid through the tube 8.

A method of manufacturing a module according to figure 3 differs in that fot the converters at the beginning of mechanically attached or glued to the frame or sheet, and then together inserted into the vessel 1. To reduce the fluidity of the fluid in its composition is administered gelling additives, and as the sheet 10 is used fiberglass material with a large surface area that allows you to operate the module in field conditions.

A method of manufacturing a module according to figure 4 differs in that for reducing the operating temperature of solar cells and use of released thermal energy fluid module circulates, giving heat to the external circuit. Liquid cooling module allows you to operate the module in terms of the concentrated solar radiation, placing the module in focus of the optical concentrator.

A method of manufacturing a module according to figure 5 differs in that the module housing is covered with insulation from the light-receiving side of evacuated glazing, and the rest of the surface is opaque insulated with closed-cell insulation structure. Made the module now works as a solar thermal collector and simultaneously photoelectric Converter.

Like stationary type liquid rechargeable batteries high capacity the proposed construction of photovoltaic modules has a virtually unlimited service life, convenient maintenance, repair, easy to manufacture and provides high energy performance.

1. A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module, including the creation of a waterproof, shockproof, svetopropusknaya casing and the filling volume of the transparent liquid, characterized in that the module housing is manufactured in the form of a flat vessel with a removable lid on the top side, the cover set of terminals to which it is attached contacts connected panels, the housing insert can switch the panels and close the lid.

2. A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that connected the panels are secured on the frame or sheet by bonding or mechanical fastening.

3. Method of making flat photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that the sheet is made from wettable by the liquid material with a developed surface, for example microporous glass bre.

4. A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that the module housing is poured antifreeze liquid.

5. A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid is poured into the housing before putting the module into operation through the hole in the lid closed by a stopper.

6. A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid is injected gelling additives.

7. Photovoltaic module comprising connected the solar cells, immersed in a transparent liquid and located in the housing of impact-resistant, svetopropusknaya material from the light-receiving side of the module, with the current deflecting contacts, bred out of the module, characterized in that the housing has the form of a flat vessel with a narrow walls with removable cover on the upper end side, on the cover of the set of conductive terminals with fastening Assembly contacts from commutated photoconverters,

8. Photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that between the walls of the case is made jumper.

9. Photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that the cover includes at least one removable plug.

10. Photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that the casing is made of glass or plastic, for example polycarbonate.

11. Photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that the module is in the focus of the optical concentrator.

12. Photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that the casing pipe, connected to an external circuit of the liquid located below the level of the module.

13. Photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that the light-receiving side is glass with a vacuum between the article is klami, and the rest of the surface is covered with a layer of insulation.