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Tunnel furnace

IPC classes for russian patent Tunnel furnace (RU 2310616):

C03B19/08 - by foaming

Another patents in same IPC classes:

Method of production of foamed glass mat and device for realization of this method / 2299185
Proposed method consists in applying the gas-forming agent on continuous band of film glass which is placed in mold layer by layer for obtaining the mat of required thickness. Then glass is heated and is foamed. Device proposed for realization of this method has two shafts, vacuum drum, unit for application of gas forming agent, spreader and mold. Unit for application of gas-forming agent may be made in spreader rollers.

Foam decoration manufacturing method / 2276659
Invention relates to foam production technology and can be used manufacture of foam decoration. Invention aims at simplifying production technology and obtaining effective decorative heat-retention material for out-door and in-door facing of residential and industrial constructions. Method according to invention consists in grinding commercial broken glass to specific surface 5000-7000 cm²/g followed by moistening to moisture 8%. Thus obtained material is compacted on press at 20 MPa. Resulting samples are subjected to watering during thermomoist processing to form silanol water, which would favor swelling during heat treatment. Thermomoist processing conditions: temperature rise for 2 h, ageing at 85-95°C for 6 h, and cooling to 15-25°C for 3 h. Watered samples are coated with decorative layer using flooding technique and then subjected to heat treatment at 800°C followed by annealing. Finally obtained samples show density 350 kg/m³, bending strength 28 kg-force/cm² and decorative glossy water-impermeable film 0.2-0.3 mm thick.

Method of production of calibrated granulated foamed glass / 2272005
Initial raw mixture is made from aqueous alkaline solution of sodium silicate in the amount of no less than 30-70 mass-% and broken glass powder of arbitrary chemical composition in the amount of 25-65 mass-%. This raw mixture is subjected to heat treatment to dehumidified state and powder-like charge and aqueous dispersion are prepared in presence of plasticizing agents. Product thus obtained is dried at dried at temperature of 450-500°C, pelletized and is held at foaming temperature within range of 800-850°C.

Foaming mixture and a method of production of a modular foamed glass with the mixture use / 2265582
The invention is pertaining to the methods of production of effective functional heat-insulating materials with a low value of their thermal conduction and densities, in particular, to the methods of production of the vitreous silicate materials, namely, the foamed glass with usage of a foaming mixture and is dealt with utilization of the vitreous wastes produced as a result of the household vital activity of people, and also the technogenic products of the people household activity and industrial origination. The problem of the offered invention is production of an effective functional modular foamed glass with improved operational characteristics: an apparent density - 0.15-0.45 g/cm³, high heat-insulating properties λ = 0.06-0.08 W/(m·°K), volumetric water adsorption of no more than 10%, capable to withstand mechanical loadings of no less than 7 kg/cm²; utilization of alkaline silica-alumina and borosilicate vitreous wastes of different kinds of glass, both individual glass and mixtures of glasses. The foaming mixture for production of the modular foamed glass includes I in mass %): active carbon-black with a specific surface area of 50-100 m/g -20-70; sulfates of alkaline-earth elements - 10-40, carbonates of alkaline-earth elements - 20-40. The method of production of the modular foamed glass with a usage of the foaming mixture provides for: a dispersion of the utilized glassbats up to the specific surface of 15000-20000 cm²/g; an addition to 95.0-99.8 mass % of the dispersed glassbats of 0.2-5.0 mass % of the foaming mixture; agitation at humidity of 1.2-1.5 mass %; granulation into particles with the diameter of no more than 2000 microns; a filling of the granules in the mold and their subcompaction up to a porosity of 0.35-0.55; sintering at the temperature of 600-750°C; a foaming at the temperature of 800-900°C, a hardening by temperature decrease to 550-650°C at the rate of 200°C /minute and annealing at the temperature of 500-600°C.

Glass foam fabrication method / 2255060
Invention relates to building materials with low heat conductivity and density values. Fabrication of glass foam comprises preliminary heat treatment at temperature below foaming temperature of starting mixture prepared from broken glass powder, carbon-containing gasifier, and sodium and/or potassium silicate aqueous solution, pausing at this temperature to complete foaming process, and subsequent cooling. Starting mixture is prepared at temperature not superior to 70°C by consecutively mixing sodium and/or potassium silicate aqueous solution (30-70%), not sorted broken glass powder (25-65%), and carbon-containing gasifier (4-9%), after which mixture is treated at 450-550°C until removal of water, including chemically bound one, is completed. Resulting product is cooled and then heated to foaming temperature (750-830°C).

Glass foam fabrication method / 2255059
Invention relates to building materials with low values of heat conductivity and density. Fabrication of glass foam comprises heating powderlike blend with carbon-containing gasifier to foaming temperature, pausing at this temperature to complete foaming process, and subsequent cooling. Blend utilized is a cooled raw mix ground to powdered state, which is prepared via heat treatment of mixture of sodium and/or potassium silicate alkali aqueous solution and silicate-reactive additive, in particular fine broken glass powder and carbon-containing gasifier, at 450-550°C until removal of water, including chemically bound one, is completed. According to invention, content of sodium and/or potassium silicate alkali aqueous solution amounts to 30-70%, mixing is carried out at temperature not superior to 70°C, and foaming temperature of blend lies within a range of 750 to 830°C.

Method of preparing blend for fabricating glass foam / 2255058
Invention relates to building materials with low heat conductivity and density values. Preparation of blend comprises stirring glass-forming components and powderlike additives containing gasifier among other components. Glass-forming component utilized is sodium and/or potassium silicate aqueous solution taken in amounts 50 to 70% and silicate-reactive additive is fine powder of broken glass. Stirring is carried out at temperature not superior to 70°C and viscous-flow mix is thermally treated at 450-550°C to completely remove of water, including chemically bound one, after which mix is cooled and ground into power with particle size at most 60-70 μm.

Method of preparing raw mix for fabricating glass foam / 2255057
Invention relates to building materials with low values of heat conductivity and density. Preparation of raw mix comprises stirring glass-forming components and powderlike additives containing gasifier among other components. Glass-forming component utilized is sodium and/or potassium silicate aqueous solution taken in amounts 30 to 70% and silicate-reactive additive is fine powder of broken glass. Stirring is carried out at temperature not superior to 70°C and, after stirring, resulting mix is subjected to heat treatment at temperature between 450 and 550°C for a period of time long enough to completely remove of water, including chemically bound one, after which mix is cooled and powdered.

Tunnel furnace / 2310616
The invention is pertaining to the tunnel furnaces for production of the block lightweight building materials. The technical result of the invention consists in the increased furnace capacity. The tunnel furnace is made in the form of the double-level tunnel. Each level has the zones of foaming, quenching, stabilizing and annealing, the heaters power adjustment both from above and from below of each zone. In the tunnel furnace there are dollies for relocation of the molds. The lower heaters of each level are disposed in the form of two longitudinal rows, between which there is the central guide as the support for the dollies. The central guide is made in the form of the U-beam. Each dolly is supplied with the additional wheels: the central wheel mounted vertically and the front wheel mounted horizontally engaged from the inside with the horizontal ledge and the lateral ledges of the central guide.

Method of manufacturing of longlasting foamglass / 2332364
Invention relates to method of manufacturing heat-insulating, foamy materials. Pieces of glass are melted, melted mass is degassed by keeping it at temperature 1450°C for 10-60 minutes and are cooled to 950-1200°C. Overheated water steam, obtained from degassed water is passed through melted mass for blowing of great number of bubbles of different diameter from melted glass. Glass bubbles are cut off into form with formation of blocks, baked at temperature 450-600°C and cooled.

FIELD: building industry; tunnel furnaces for production of block lightweight building materials.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the tunnel furnaces for production of the block lightweight building materials. The technical result of the invention consists in the increased furnace capacity. The tunnel furnace is made in the form of the double-level tunnel. Each level has the zones of foaming, quenching, stabilizing and annealing, the heaters power adjustment both from above and from below of each zone. In the tunnel furnace there are dollies for relocation of the molds. The lower heaters of each level are disposed in the form of two longitudinal rows, between which there is the central guide as the support for the dollies. The central guide is made in the form of the U-beam. Each dolly is supplied with the additional wheels: the central wheel mounted vertically and the front wheel mounted horizontally engaged from the inside with the horizontal ledge and the lateral ledges of the central guide.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased furnace capacity.

3 dwg

The invention relates to tunnel through furnaces for the production of modular lightweight construction materials, namely, furnaces for the production of inosilicate, foam glass. The material can be used as an effective insulation material, plates and blocks in building constructions.

Inosilicate in General and foam glass, in particular, the block type is inorganic silicate material containing in its volume of a significant amount of the gas phase. The process of obtaining this material is in the manufacture of a mixture consisting of 95 to 97% of glass and 5-3% of the gas developing agents (carbonate, such as limestone, or carbon, such as charcoal, coke, carbon black), heating the mixture to a temperature pyroplastic state silicates. At this temperature, the grains are sintered glass, and the resulting decomposition gas-forming additives gases vspuchivajut highly viscous glass mass. After annealing and cooling the obtained porous material with high thermal insulation properties and high mechanical strength [1]. General questions get foam described in the monographs [2, 3].

Continuous tunnel kiln is the main node in technology inosilicate materials and its structure and functioning largely depends on the efficiency of the entire technology is practical process and the quality of the material.

The basic principles of operation of the furnace and the device described in the above books. Mainly discusses gas furnace with a single-layer or multilayer manufacture forms. From the technical solutions according to the location thermoablative material, besides the usual trucks with metal heat-resistant forms, it should be noted the described solution for moving material on the conveyor from moving heat resisting steel tape or on a horizontal surface of the molten metal.

From solutions to form a product of the desired size and shape as fundamental, as mentioned above, it should be noted the use of metal forms, emerging limiting silicate foam. However, there are some solutions how to use different materials for forming and methods of promoting products inside the oven.

So, in the author's evidence [4] itself silicate mixture serves as the basis for the formation of the moving tape. For this part of the charge comes from more of a bunker on mill rolls, where the heat and mechanical action of the mixture is formed flat durable tape, which upon further movement on the rolls is covered with a layer of the mixture, and further along the roller conveyor the entire composition is fed into the furnace, where podozdatj temperature 820-860° With foams.

The system rolls - horizontal rotating pipe can move through a zone of heat treatment of material in the form of a tape, as described above, but placed in the forms of various designs. So, in a patent [5] the semifinished product in the form of granules or coarse sand is poured into the pan, made of pipes and plates, which is moved through the furnace for supporting the rolls follower.

In addition, by supporting the rolls can move the conveyor belt, on which is placed the charge, which is in the process of moving on a conveyor belt through the furnace heat-treated and foams. This process is described in the patent [6].

The most typical material for the forms in which foods are cooked mixture and obtaining the foam is heat-resistant steel of various grades. To inhibit the process of crushing of foam glass in the form of cooling due to the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion foam glass and metal forms the most widely used solution is to use so-called two-stage scheme. In this case, the foamed block is cooled down to 500-600°C, remove from the mold and then placed another hot block in the annealing furnace, where it is gradually cooled from 500-600°C to room temperature. A modification of this process can be considered to be technical the solution, proposed in the patent [7], when after the initial heat release is made movable metal plate and one of the walls of the mold, preventing the crushing blocks of foam glass in the annealing furnace.

However, the known solutions for the use of other materials. Thus, the authors of [8] offer a ready silicate slurry pour in plaster moulds specified dimensions. Dried casting dried and calcined in an electric furnace of the resistance at a gauge pressure of inert gas.

In addition to a tunnel kiln the silicate materials can be carried out in bell-type furnaces, as for example described in the patent [9, 10], but in this case the design of the forms and moving devices considerably more complicated in comparison with tunnel kilns.

The closest technical solution to the proposed technical solution is the furnace described in the patent [11]. Furnace heat exchanger for making heat-insulating blocks of foamed glass with temperature zones foaming, rapid cooling, stabilizing and annealing. The material is moved into the furnace in the boot tapes. Furnace itself is made bunk. The first tier is used for the shock heating of raw material, where the silicate mass, its sharp cooling and stabilization. Form procalcitonin channel by using a hydraulic cylinder. At the exit of the channel of the first tier of blocks of foam glass is then removed from the forms, overload in the cartridge. The cartridge through the gateway of the camera is pushed in otzyvy channel. Annealing zone is made in the form of multi-area channel. Each zone is equipped with an independent control system, temperature regime, for which each zone is equipped with heaters and slit valves in the ceiling part.

The disadvantages of the furnace of the prototype are insufficient reliability of the system move the material within the furnace and the duration of the process of obtaining blocks of foam glass in the furnace due to operations: at the exit of the channel of the first tier of blocks of foam glass is then removed from the forms, overload in the cartridge. The cartridge through the gateway of the camera is pushed in otzyvy channel.

The objective of the invention is to develop the design of the furnace free from the disadvantages of the prototype.

The problem is solved by the characteristics of the 1st claim, in common with the prototype, such as a tunnel kiln mainly for the production of insulating blocks of foamed glass with temperature zones foaming, rapid cooling, stabilizing and annealing, made in the form of bunk tunnel installed inside the heater and trolleys to move shapes, and distinctive, essential features, such as all the tier has a zone of aeration, sudden cooling of stabilization and annealing and the power control of the heaters from top and bottom of each zone, and the lower heaters of each tier are arranged in two longitudinal rows, between which is located the Central guide bearing trucks.

The design features a Central rail and trucks are reflected in paragraph 2 of the claims, namely that the Central guide is made in the form of a channel, and each truck is equipped with additional wheels, Central installed vertically, and the front mounted horizontally, interacting with the inner side with horizontal and vertical side shelves of the Central rail, and truck are connected by rods fixed in the locks.

In paragraph 3 of the claims specified the process of moving trucks inside the furnace, namely the movement of trucks within the furnace carried out due to extreme stretching truck from the cold zone.

The technical result obtained from the above symptoms, the increased reliability of operation of the furnace and increase performance.

The above distinctive features, each separately and all together, are aimed at solving the problem and are significant.

Using material from uchitelnic signs in the prior art is not detected, consequently, the proposed solution meets the patentability criteria of "novelty".

One set of new essential features with common, well-known provides a solution to the problem is obvious to experts in the field of technology and demonstrates compliance of the claimed technical solution to the patentability criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by description of a specific but not limiting example of implementation and the accompanying drawings, in which figure 1 presents a cross-section of one of the tiers of the furnace; figure 2 - truck top view; figure 3 is a trolley with lock and rods.

Tunnel furnace 1 (Fig 1) for the manufacture of insulating blocks of foamed glass with temperature zones foaming, rapid cooling, stabilizing and annealing is executed in the form of bunk tunnel (the second tier of similar construction not shown)installed inside the heaters 2, 3 and 4 trucks to move forms 5.

Each tier has a zone of aeration, rapid cooling, stabilizing and annealing and the power control of the heaters from top and bottom of each zone, and bottom heaters 3 of each row are arranged in two longitudinal rows, between which is located the Central voltage is alausa 6 for bearing trucks 4.

The Central rail 6 is made in the form of a channel, and each truck is equipped with 4 additional wheels: Central 7, installed vertically, and the front 8 installed horizontally, interacting with the inner side with a horizontal bottom and vertical side shelves of the Central rail 6. Truck 4 are connected by rods 9, fixed in the castles 10. Moving trucks 4 inside the furnace carried out due to extreme stretching truck from the cold zone.

The furnace of the tunnel type is made of bricks and insulating materials. Inside the oven tunnel passes, the heated system the bottom 3 and top 2 electric heaters. Inside the tunnel are truck 4, based on the guides 6 (lateral and Central) wheels 7 (four lateral and one Central). Buggies are forms 8.

In addition to wheels that are located in the vertical plane 7, the cart has at least one front wheel 8 located in the horizontal plane (figure 2), which is located inside the Central rail 6, is made in the form of a channel.

Between a truck are connected by rods 9, which are inserted in the locks 10, as shown in figure 3.

The furnace operation is carried out as follows.

The material is subjected to heat treatment, is placed in forms 5,mounted on the trolley 4. In accordance with the technological scheme is powered heaters (in the drawing, the power supply system and control not shown). The material forms the entire processing cycle. At the entrance to the tunnel furnace the next trolley 4 is placed on the side guides 6. The trolley is connected with the preceding by means of rods 9 are laid horizontally in the locks 10 two trucks. Then on the exit of the furnace transport gripper (not shown) fixed to the extreme rod 9 and extends over the entire train of trucks on the length of one truck. At the entrance of the furnace cart moves into the tunnel, and the truck is outside the furnace. It is detached from the rod, it is removed form 5.

For exceptions empty mileage trucks oven is designed as two independent tiers. Both tiers are completely identical in performance. Therefore, the cart is removed from the furnace, is moved to the entrance to another tier (lowered or raised) furnace to prepare for a new passage through the furnace. When pulling trucks they rely on wheel 7, and the displacement in the horizontal plane to prevent trucks wheels 8 moving inside the Central rail 6, is made in the form of a channel.

The proposed solution allows to significantly improve the reliability of the transport mechanism of the furnace for the odd, that move inside the furnace is carried out in the impact strength of the gap, not compression. In addition, the furnaces for the production of foam glass anticipate a sudden heating of the material at the initial moment of time and then gradually cooling. In the case of using the pusher at the entrance to the furnace maximum compression load to be input into the furnace, which corresponds to the zone of maximum temperature. The suggested maximum load carrying trolleys at the outlet of the furnace, i.e. in the area with the lowest temperatures.

The proposed solution has been tested in pilot scale and allowed us to achieve high reliability while increasing performance and simultaneous high quality product.

Literature

1. Concise encyclopedia of chemical // Soviet encyclopedia. - M - 1965. - V.4. - S-1034.

2. Demidovich B.K. Production and use of foamed glass. Minsk, Science and technology, 1972, s.

3. Demidovich B.K. foam Glass. Minsk, Science and technology, 1975, s.

4. USSR author's certificate No. 654554, MKI SW 19/08. Device for the manufacture of foam glass. Grabovsky, VA, Mironov V.L., Arkhipchenko A.I., Smyczek VA / Appl. 09.10.1977. - Publ. 30.03.1979.

5. RF patent №2198363, MKI F27 9/26. Kiln postcolony plates. Hovhannisyan RB, Hovhannisyan, M., Pogosyan AA / Appl. 1.11.2000. - Publ. 10.02.2003.</>

6. Patent US 4879159, I C1 B32B 17/00. Decorative foamed plastics glass with dense glass surface layer and method of producing same. Furuuchi Toshiharu Publication date: 15.11.1994.

7. RF patent №2237031, MKI SS 11/00. Method of manufacturing heat-insulating block of foamed glass. Naumov V., Naumov SCI / Appl. 12.05.2003. - Publ. 27.09.2004.

8. USSR author's certificate No. 617408, MKI SS 11/00. The foam glass. Pavlova G.A., Collegiate R.K. / Appl. 17.04.1976. - Publ. 30.07.1978. Bull. No. 28.

9. RF patent №2121462, MKI SW 31/00. Installation for continuous production of decorative facing slabs based on stekloprokata. Nikitin A.I. / Appl. 25.04.1994. - Publ. 10.11.1998.

10. RF patent №2004507, MKI SW 31/00. A method of manufacturing a decorative facing slabs based on stekloprokata and installation for their continuing receipt. Nikitin A.I., Reznik VY / Appl. 02.06.1992. - Publ. 10.11.1998.

11. RF patent №2146033, MKI F27 9/02. Tunnel oven heat. Volynsky, VA, Douglas VA, Kolchanov VI, Konanykhin B.C., Maltsev A.N., Newcomers this YEAR, Titorenko UD, Uvarov VA / Appl. 31.05.1999. - Publ. 15.12.1993. Bull. 45-46. the prototype.

Tunnel furnace, mainly for the production of insulating blocks of foamed glass, which has a truck to move the forms, characterized in that the furnace is made in the form of bunk tunnel, and each tier has a zone of aeration, rapid cooling, stabilizing and annealing, the adjustment mo the particular heaters as above, and bottom of each zone, and the lower heaters of each tier are arranged in two longitudinal rows, between which is located the Central guide bearing trucks, which is made in the form of a channel, and each truck is equipped with additional wheels: Central, installed vertically, and the front mounted horizontally, interacting with the inner side with a horizontal bottom and vertical side shelves of the Central rail, and truck are connected by rods fixed in the locks.