IPC classes for russian patent Foam decoration manufacturing method (RU 2276659):
Another patents in same IPC classes:
Method of production of calibrated granulated foamed glass / 2272005
Initial raw mixture is made from aqueous alkaline solution of sodium silicate in the amount of no less than 30-70 mass-% and broken glass powder of arbitrary chemical composition in the amount of 25-65 mass-%. This raw mixture is subjected to heat treatment to dehumidified state and powder-like charge and aqueous dispersion are prepared in presence of plasticizing agents. Product thus obtained is dried at dried at temperature of 450-500°C, pelletized and is held at foaming temperature within range of 800-850°C.
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Foaming mixture and a method of production of a modular foamed glass with the mixture use / 2265582
The invention is pertaining to the methods of production of effective functional heat-insulating materials with a low value of their thermal conduction and densities, in particular, to the methods of production of the vitreous silicate materials, namely, the foamed glass with usage of a foaming mixture and is dealt with utilization of the vitreous wastes produced as a result of the household vital activity of people, and also the technogenic products of the people household activity and industrial origination. The problem of the offered invention is production of an effective functional modular foamed glass with improved operational characteristics: an apparent density - 0.15-0.45 g/cm3, high heat-insulating properties λ = 0.06-0.08 W/(m·°K), volumetric water adsorption of no more than 10%, capable to withstand mechanical loadings of no less than 7 kg/cm2; utilization of alkaline silica-alumina and borosilicate vitreous wastes of different kinds of glass, both individual glass and mixtures of glasses. The foaming mixture for production of the modular foamed glass includes I in mass %): active carbon-black with a specific surface area of 50-100 m/g -20-70; sulfates of alkaline-earth elements - 10-40, carbonates of alkaline-earth elements - 20-40. The method of production of the modular foamed glass with a usage of the foaming mixture provides for: a dispersion of the utilized glassbats up to the specific surface of 15000-20000 cm2/g; an addition to 95.0-99.8 mass % of the dispersed glassbats of 0.2-5.0 mass % of the foaming mixture; agitation at humidity of 1.2-1.5 mass %; granulation into particles with the diameter of no more than 2000 microns; a filling of the granules in the mold and their subcompaction up to a porosity of 0.35-0.55; sintering at the temperature of 600-750°C; a foaming at the temperature of 800-900°C, a hardening by temperature decrease to 550-650°C at the rate of 200°C /minute and annealing at the temperature of 500-600°C.
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Glass foam fabrication method / 2255060
Invention relates to building materials with low heat conductivity and density values. Fabrication of glass foam comprises preliminary heat treatment at temperature below foaming temperature of starting mixture prepared from broken glass powder, carbon-containing gasifier, and sodium and/or potassium silicate aqueous solution, pausing at this temperature to complete foaming process, and subsequent cooling. Starting mixture is prepared at temperature not superior to 70°C by consecutively mixing sodium and/or potassium silicate aqueous solution (30-70%), not sorted broken glass powder (25-65%), and carbon-containing gasifier (4-9%), after which mixture is treated at 450-550°C until removal of water, including chemically bound one, is completed. Resulting product is cooled and then heated to foaming temperature (750-830°C).
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Glass foam fabrication method / 2255059
Invention relates to building materials with low values of heat conductivity and density. Fabrication of glass foam comprises heating powderlike blend with carbon-containing gasifier to foaming temperature, pausing at this temperature to complete foaming process, and subsequent cooling. Blend utilized is a cooled raw mix ground to powdered state, which is prepared via heat treatment of mixture of sodium and/or potassium silicate alkali aqueous solution and silicate-reactive additive, in particular fine broken glass powder and carbon-containing gasifier, at 450-550°C until removal of water, including chemically bound one, is completed. According to invention, content of sodium and/or potassium silicate alkali aqueous solution amounts to 30-70%, mixing is carried out at temperature not superior to 70°C, and foaming temperature of blend lies within a range of 750 to 830°C.
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Method of preparing blend for fabricating glass foam / 2255058
Invention relates to building materials with low heat conductivity and density values. Preparation of blend comprises stirring glass-forming components and powderlike additives containing gasifier among other components. Glass-forming component utilized is sodium and/or potassium silicate aqueous solution taken in amounts 50 to 70% and silicate-reactive additive is fine powder of broken glass. Stirring is carried out at temperature not superior to 70°C and viscous-flow mix is thermally treated at 450-550°C to completely remove of water, including chemically bound one, after which mix is cooled and ground into power with particle size at most 60-70 μm.
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Method of preparing raw mix for fabricating glass foam / 2255057
Invention relates to building materials with low values of heat conductivity and density. Preparation of raw mix comprises stirring glass-forming components and powderlike additives containing gasifier among other components. Glass-forming component utilized is sodium and/or potassium silicate aqueous solution taken in amounts 30 to 70% and silicate-reactive additive is fine powder of broken glass. Stirring is carried out at temperature not superior to 70°C and, after stirring, resulting mix is subjected to heat treatment at temperature between 450 and 550°C for a period of time long enough to completely remove of water, including chemically bound one, after which mix is cooled and powdered.
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Method of preparing raw mix for fabricating glass foam / 2255057
Invention relates to building materials with low values of heat conductivity and density. Preparation of raw mix comprises stirring glass-forming components and powderlike additives containing gasifier among other components. Glass-forming component utilized is sodium and/or potassium silicate aqueous solution taken in amounts 30 to 70% and silicate-reactive additive is fine powder of broken glass. Stirring is carried out at temperature not superior to 70°C and, after stirring, resulting mix is subjected to heat treatment at temperature between 450 and 550°C for a period of time long enough to completely remove of water, including chemically bound one, after which mix is cooled and powdered.
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Method of preparing blend for fabricating glass foam / 2255058
Invention relates to building materials with low heat conductivity and density values. Preparation of blend comprises stirring glass-forming components and powderlike additives containing gasifier among other components. Glass-forming component utilized is sodium and/or potassium silicate aqueous solution taken in amounts 50 to 70% and silicate-reactive additive is fine powder of broken glass. Stirring is carried out at temperature not superior to 70°C and viscous-flow mix is thermally treated at 450-550°C to completely remove of water, including chemically bound one, after which mix is cooled and ground into power with particle size at most 60-70 μm.
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Glass foam fabrication method / 2255059
Invention relates to building materials with low values of heat conductivity and density. Fabrication of glass foam comprises heating powderlike blend with carbon-containing gasifier to foaming temperature, pausing at this temperature to complete foaming process, and subsequent cooling. Blend utilized is a cooled raw mix ground to powdered state, which is prepared via heat treatment of mixture of sodium and/or potassium silicate alkali aqueous solution and silicate-reactive additive, in particular fine broken glass powder and carbon-containing gasifier, at 450-550°C until removal of water, including chemically bound one, is completed. According to invention, content of sodium and/or potassium silicate alkali aqueous solution amounts to 30-70%, mixing is carried out at temperature not superior to 70°C, and foaming temperature of blend lies within a range of 750 to 830°C.
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Glass foam fabrication method / 2255060
Invention relates to building materials with low heat conductivity and density values. Fabrication of glass foam comprises preliminary heat treatment at temperature below foaming temperature of starting mixture prepared from broken glass powder, carbon-containing gasifier, and sodium and/or potassium silicate aqueous solution, pausing at this temperature to complete foaming process, and subsequent cooling. Starting mixture is prepared at temperature not superior to 70°C by consecutively mixing sodium and/or potassium silicate aqueous solution (30-70%), not sorted broken glass powder (25-65%), and carbon-containing gasifier (4-9%), after which mixture is treated at 450-550°C until removal of water, including chemically bound one, is completed. Resulting product is cooled and then heated to foaming temperature (750-830°C).
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Foaming mixture and a method of production of a modular foamed glass with the mixture use / 2265582
The invention is pertaining to the methods of production of effective functional heat-insulating materials with a low value of their thermal conduction and densities, in particular, to the methods of production of the vitreous silicate materials, namely, the foamed glass with usage of a foaming mixture and is dealt with utilization of the vitreous wastes produced as a result of the household vital activity of people, and also the technogenic products of the people household activity and industrial origination. The problem of the offered invention is production of an effective functional modular foamed glass with improved operational characteristics: an apparent density - 0.15-0.45 g/cm3, high heat-insulating properties λ = 0.06-0.08 W/(m·°K), volumetric water adsorption of no more than 10%, capable to withstand mechanical loadings of no less than 7 kg/cm2; utilization of alkaline silica-alumina and borosilicate vitreous wastes of different kinds of glass, both individual glass and mixtures of glasses. The foaming mixture for production of the modular foamed glass includes I in mass %): active carbon-black with a specific surface area of 50-100 m/g -20-70; sulfates of alkaline-earth elements - 10-40, carbonates of alkaline-earth elements - 20-40. The method of production of the modular foamed glass with a usage of the foaming mixture provides for: a dispersion of the utilized glassbats up to the specific surface of 15000-20000 cm2/g; an addition to 95.0-99.8 mass % of the dispersed glassbats of 0.2-5.0 mass % of the foaming mixture; agitation at humidity of 1.2-1.5 mass %; granulation into particles with the diameter of no more than 2000 microns; a filling of the granules in the mold and their subcompaction up to a porosity of 0.35-0.55; sintering at the temperature of 600-750°C; a foaming at the temperature of 800-900°C, a hardening by temperature decrease to 550-650°C at the rate of 200°C /minute and annealing at the temperature of 500-600°C.
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Method of production of calibrated granulated foamed glass / 2272005
Initial raw mixture is made from aqueous alkaline solution of sodium silicate in the amount of no less than 30-70 mass-% and broken glass powder of arbitrary chemical composition in the amount of 25-65 mass-%. This raw mixture is subjected to heat treatment to dehumidified state and powder-like charge and aqueous dispersion are prepared in presence of plasticizing agents. Product thus obtained is dried at dried at temperature of 450-500°C, pelletized and is held at foaming temperature within range of 800-850°C.
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Foam decoration manufacturing method / 2276659
Invention relates to foam production technology and can be used manufacture of foam decoration. Invention aims at simplifying production technology and obtaining effective decorative heat-retention material for out-door and in-door facing of residential and industrial constructions. Method according to invention consists in grinding commercial broken glass to specific surface 5000-7000 cm2/g followed by moistening to moisture 8%. Thus obtained material is compacted on press at 20 MPa. Resulting samples are subjected to watering during thermomoist processing to form silanol water, which would favor swelling during heat treatment. Thermomoist processing conditions: temperature rise for 2 h, ageing at 85-95°C for 6 h, and cooling to 15-25°C for 3 h. Watered samples are coated with decorative layer using flooding technique and then subjected to heat treatment at 800°C followed by annealing. Finally obtained samples show density 350 kg/m3, bending strength 28 kg-force/cm2 and decorative glossy water-impermeable film 0.2-0.3 mm thick.
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Method of production of foamed glass mat and device for realization of this method / 2299185
Proposed method consists in applying the gas-forming agent on continuous band of film glass which is placed in mold layer by layer for obtaining the mat of required thickness. Then glass is heated and is foamed. Device proposed for realization of this method has two shafts, vacuum drum, unit for application of gas forming agent, spreader and mold. Unit for application of gas-forming agent may be made in spreader rollers.
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Tunnel furnace / 2310616
The invention is pertaining to the tunnel furnaces for production of the block lightweight building materials. The technical result of the invention consists in the increased furnace capacity. The tunnel furnace is made in the form of the double-level tunnel. Each level has the zones of foaming, quenching, stabilizing and annealing, the heaters power adjustment both from above and from below of each zone. In the tunnel furnace there are dollies for relocation of the molds. The lower heaters of each level are disposed in the form of two longitudinal rows, between which there is the central guide as the support for the dollies. The central guide is made in the form of the U-beam. Each dolly is supplied with the additional wheels: the central wheel mounted vertically and the front wheel mounted horizontally engaged from the inside with the horizontal ledge and the lateral ledges of the central guide.
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Method of manufacturing of longlasting foamglass / 2332364
Invention relates to method of manufacturing heat-insulating, foamy materials. Pieces of glass are melted, melted mass is degassed by keeping it at temperature 1450°C for 10-60 minutes and are cooled to 950-1200°C. Overheated water steam, obtained from degassed water is passed through melted mass for blowing of great number of bubbles of different diameter from melted glass. Glass bubbles are cut off into form with formation of blocks, baked at temperature 450-600°C and cooled.
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FIELD: manufacture of building materials.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to foam production technology and can be used manufacture of foam decoration. Invention aims at simplifying production technology and obtaining effective decorative heat-retention material for out-door and in-door facing of residential and industrial constructions. Method according to invention consists in grinding commercial broken glass to specific surface 5000-7000 cm2/g followed by moistening to moisture 8%. Thus obtained material is compacted on press at 20 MPa. Resulting samples are subjected to watering during thermomoist processing to form silanol water, which would favor swelling during heat treatment. Thermomoist processing conditions: temperature rise for 2 h, ageing at 85-95°C for 6 h, and cooling to 15-25°C for 3 h. Watered samples are coated with decorative layer using flooding technique and then subjected to heat treatment at 800°C followed by annealing. Finally obtained samples show density 350 kg/m3, bending strength 28 kg-force/cm2 and decorative glossy water-impermeable film 0.2-0.3 mm thick.
EFFECT: enable use of material to face building walls and creation of artistic and decorative insertions.
1 tbl
The invention relates to a process for the production of foams and can be used in the manufacture of pendekar for finishing the facades of buildings and reduce thermal conductivity walling.
A known method of producing pendekar in the form of a continuous tape, which consists in heating to a temperature of 400-500°With a mixture consisting of broken glass and blowing agent, and pressing it a continuous ribbon of a thickness of 10-20 mm, the resultant tape is covered with a layer thickness of the charge 20-40 mm, Then the tape is fed to a heat treatment at a temperature of 820-860°C, followed by annealing [1].
However, in the manufacture of pendekar in the form of a continuous tape due to the uneven isothermia width of the channel furnace is uneven foaming and, consequently, decrease the strength of the product [2].
When painting the front surface requires a large consumption of pigment as the coloring can be done in this case only throughout the thickness of the extruded ribbon.
In addition, this method involves the direct contact of the front surface of pendekar with rollers, which is the movement of material in the furnace, thereby not excluded deformation and damage to the front surface of the product, which reduces architectural and artistic expression.
Closest to opisyvaet the WMD invention to the technical essence and the achieved result is a method of producing pentacore, the essence of which consists in the manufacture of foam by batch preparation, styling in the form of layers and forming with subsequent heat treatment at a temperature of decomposition of the blowing agent. As the blowing agent is used it is chalk. In the covering layer of decor with a specific surface area of powder 100-200 m2/kg impose additional silicate overglaze paint. However, the resulting material has a relatively higher density of 800-1000 kg/m3and requires a large amount of pigment to obtain a uniformly colored material during application method dusting [3]. In addition, pendekar made in the forms, due to the wall effect on the material surface crust is formed, which reduces architectural and artistic expression.
The objective of the invention is to simplify the process and obtaining effective decorative insulating material intended for external and internal facing residential and industrial buildings.
This object is achieved in that:
1. As the blowing agent used silanol water, this allows us to obtain a foam with a uniform mesh porosity.
2. Foaming is made without forms on ceramic leadco in the slot of the furnace. To prevent stuck is of promessi to leadcom their cuticles kaolin suspension. This operation allows to exclude from the process expensive Park forms of heat-resistant steel, thereby simplifying the process and reducing the cost of the material obtained.
3. The application of the coating layer of the decoration is made by the method of irrigation. This allows to simplify the technological process, helps to ensure a uniformly distributed coating layer product with less pigment in comparison with the method of dusting, helps to ensure effective decorative insulating material intended for external and internal facing residential and industrial buildings.
Pendekar obtained as follows: the crushed cullet to specific surface 5000-7000 cm2/g is subjected to moisture to a moisture content of 8%, and then pressed at a pressure of 20 MPa.
The composition of the charge to the base of the foam glass:
Pressed so raw tiles are subjected to heat and moisture treatment (TWT) to water mass and hardening raw.
In General, the process of watering can be written as the following chemical reaction:
≡Si-ONa+H2About→≡Si-OH+NaH
According to [4] the adherence of water to the glass comes in two forms: N2And HE-when this monomer group, HE-included in the glass to break ties ≡Si-O-Si≡.
In accordance with the data [5, 6, 7] in the glass to distinguish hydrated and UN-hydrated sections. Hydroxyl group directly linked to the silicon, called silanol water.
At 6-hour isothermal exposure for the TWT total amount of bound water is 4%, including silanol - 2%, which is sufficient for foaming of the material.
In the case of decreasing isothermal holding at TWT to 4 hours the total amount of bound water is 3%, including silanol - 1%.
In case of increase of isothermal holding at CREATION to 8 hours the total amount of bound water is 4.8%, including silanol - 2,6%.
Necessary and sufficient condition for the foaming material is a silanol content of water in the amount of 2% or more.
The strength characteristics of the samples after CREATION increase in the interval from 4 to 6 hours of isothermal aging and decrease in the interval from 6 to 8 hours due to the alteration and reconstruction of microstructure specimens. Maximum strength after steam curing, the samples reach at 6-hour isothermal aging.
The primary objective in an environment saturated vapor mud, Plato what is known in the prior art curing rooms (pit, slotted tunnel) in the following mode: temperature rise for 2 hours, holding at the maximum temperature of 85-95°and atmospheric pressure for 6 hours, cooling to a temperature of 15-25°With in 3 hours.
After steam curing material has a sufficient strength for handling and coating layer. The covering layer is applied by a method of watering a pre-prepared suspension comprising ground to the specific surface 3000-4000 cm2/g cullet, pigment and water.
The composition of the top layer of decor:
Cullet |
to 49.9-45% |
Pigment |
0.1 to 5% |
Water |
50% |
Covered with a top layer of decor samples are heat treated at a temperature of 800°C, followed by annealing. When the heat treatment silanol water evaporates, which contributes to the foaming material to form evenly distributed closed cells. Destruction of molecular water is at 70 170...°and the main part of the silanol water at a temperature of more than 500°C.
Get samples at a given temperature are uniformly distributed mesh porosity and density of 350 kg/m3.
The covering layer of the decoration during the heat treatment in the furnace the image of the em on the finished product waterproof, dense film decor thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm, well linked with the base of the foam glass.
The annealing is performed on the previously known temperature conditions for annealing of foam glass.
After annealing the samples are machined to give them a clear geometric dimensions.
An example of manufacturing of pendekar in the laboratory.
To obtain pendekar can be used cullet container and window glass, ground to the specific surface area of 5000 cm2/g in a ball mill and humidified to a moisture content of 6-8%. From the resulting mixture in steel moulds are pressed samples of diameter 5 cm, height 1 cm at a pressure of 20 MPa. Then pressed samples are subjected to steam curing in a steam chamber in the previously described mode, while there are physical and chemical processes that lead to the hardening of raw and flooding. The strength of crude after steam curing is 100 to 150 kgf/cm2. On the sample surface is applied to the covering layer of the decoration method of irrigation.
Foaming was carried out in a laboratory muffle furnace at a temperature of 800°on the ceramic substrate coated with a slurry of kaolin and water. After foaming, were annealed by previously known temperature conditions for annealing of foam glass.
The basic properties of pendekar shown in the table.
Table
Comparative characteristics of pendekar |
Indicators |
The proposed method |
Prototype |
Density, kg/m3 |
350 |
800 |
Coefficient of thermal conductivity, W/MK |
0,06-0,07 |
- |
The tensile strength in bending (kgf/cm2 |
28 |
20 |
Thus, pendekar received the proposed method has superior performance in terms of density, and consequently the coefficient of thermal conductivity, which contributes to obtaining an effective decorative and insulating material that combines the properties of insulation of building walls and making them architectural and artistic expression.
Sources of information
1. AC No. 654554. Device for the manufacture of foam glass, is being thumbed VA, Mironov V.L., Archipenko A.I., Smyczek VA, priority 09.10.77, publ. 30.03.79, bull. No. 12.
2. Demidovich B. K. Production and use of foamed glass. - Minsk: Publishing house of Science and technology, 1972. - 300 S.
3. AC No. 914512. A method of manufacturing foam, Demidovich B.K., Pilecki V.I., Novikov Y.S., Chinowsky I.E., Krasko CYP, priority 05.05.80, publ. 23.03.82, bull. No. 11.
4. Nasedkin CENTURIES Types of water in natural and artificial glasses of different composition / Vidanes, Eshnunna // Proceedings of the VXX meeting. experimental and technical Mineralogy and petrography. - M.: Nauka, 1966. - S-224.
5. The study of polycondensation processes accompanying reactions of receiving and curing binders and other silicate-based materials.: Report on g/b. UDC 666.79.022 / Niguliste, Epigean, Ehinateya, Averain, Nasarov. - M.: IISS, 1983. - 78 S.
6. Shelkovnikova TI Porous aggregates on the basis of a drowned man-made glass.: The dissertation on competition of a scientific degree Ph.D. / Shelkovnikova Tatiana Innokentievna. - M.: 1989. - S. 40-54 - 132
7. Iler R. Colloid chemistry of silica and silicates. - M.: publishing house of literature on construction, architecture and building materials, 1956. - 287 S.
The method of manufacturing pentacore, including the preparation of the charge, laying the base layer of crushed cullet, a coating layer containing crushed glass and silicate overglaze paint, and foam, characterized in that the crushed cullet to obtain the base layer is subjected to moisture to a moisture content of 8%, then pressed at a pressure of 20 MPa, obtained raw tile is subjected to heat and moisture treatment for irrigation according to the following regime: temperature rise within 2 h, the exposure at the maximum temperature of 85-95°C for 6 h, ohla the Denia to a temperature of 15-25° C for 3 h, the covering layer is applied by irrigation.
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