Television system for monitoring movement of hot rolled metal

FIELD: television equipment, allowing selective image scaling, in particular, industrial television equipment used for technological monitoring.

SUBSTANCE: in accordance to invention, components of combined image: with increased scale and normal (without scaling), - are formed in charge form on targets of first and second television sensors at varying times of exposition, optimal for each one of scene fragments being transmitted. Due to that, in output image of television system bright and light sections (hot rolled metal, measuring ruler) are transferred same as in prototype, without limitations of white, while dark and/or low light sections are transferred with high signal/noise ratio, and dynamic range of brightness levels is expanded.

EFFECT: expanded dynamic range of brightness levels for controlled objects.

2 cl, 7 dwg

The present invention relates to a television technology that provides selective scaling of the image, and it is to the industrial television equipment used for process control in the production of rent.

Known technological system to monitor the movement of hot rolled [1], consisting of a television camera with selective scaling of the image, a control unit (control panel), video monitor and stationary measuring line that is parallel to the moving on the roller table rental. The operator on the screen of the video monitor observes the combined image, in the Central "box" which is transferred to a larger image of the front end of the "entering" of the car and line divisions, and outside the "window" in normal scale (without zoom) the image of the entire technology environment, including Bicycle and ruler over the whole length. Controlling the process image, the operator control panel should slow down the movement of the car, stopping it in front of the appropriate division (mark) line, and on the other hand, is not to lose information about the technological environment in General.

The disadvantage of analog is the low quality of the image outside of the "window"defined by the limited dynamic range of transmitted bodies of the imaging camera brightness gradations. As a result, the video signal from the dark and/or low-lit parts for observed outside the "window" object can either be drastically reduced, or "to go" into the black.

The closest to the technical nature of the claimed invention should be considered as television system to monitor the movement of hot rolled [2], which includes a television camera with selective scaling of the image containing the sequentially arranged and optically coupled input lens and a beam splitter, and the selector pulses switch the mixer and the driver signals of the frame and "window", and the first output beam splitter is an optical output normal image and optically connected with photomixing first sensor of the television signal and the second output of the beam splitter output increased optical image and optically connected with photomixing second sensor of a television signal, block positioning, containing the first and second actuators and kinematically connected to respectively the first and second position sensors, while the first and second actuators operate over a second sensor of the television signal are respectively horizontal and vertical input "Synchro" which is connected to the output of the "Synchro" first sensor of a television signal, the output "the ideology" which are connected respectively to the input selector clock pulses and to the first information input of the switch-mixer, the second information input of which is connected to the output Video of the second sensor of the television signal, and the third information input to the first output of the driver signals of the frame and "window", the input line and the input vertical synchronizing of which are connected respectively to the first and second outputs of the selector pulses and the second output to the fourth information to the switch input of the mixer, the output of which is output in the "Video" TV cameras.

Spatial targeting of the second sensor of a television signal carried within the optical frame of the input lens, provides the following options relative position of the geometric centers of photomechanic the first and second sensors:

coincide vertically and horizontally;

coincide vertically and spaced apart horizontally;

coincide horizontally and spaced apart vertically;

- posted vertically and horizontally.

The disadvantage of the prototype is a limited dynamic range of brightness gradations for control objects transmitted in the combined image outside the "box".

The objective of the invention is the expansion of the dynamic range of brightness gradations for control objects transmitted in the combined image outside the "box", by increasing the signal/noise for dark and/or low optical transparency is built parts of these objects.

The problem is solved in that in the present television system to monitor the movement of hot rolling, which includes television camera with selective scaling of the image that contains sequentially arranged and optically coupled input lens and a beam splitter, and the selector pulses switch the mixer and the driver signals of the frame and "window", and the first output beam splitter is an optical output normal image and optically connected with photomixing first sensor of the television signal and the second output of the beam splitter output increased optical image and optically connected with photomixing second sensor of the television signal, while the geometric centers of photomechanic the first and second sensors television signal coincide vertically and spaced apart horizontally, and the entrance "Synchro" the second sensor TV signal connected to the output of the "Synchro" first sensor of a television signal, the output Video which are connected respectively to the input selector clock pulses and to the first information input of the switch-mixer, the second information input of which is connected to the output Video of the second sensor of the television signal, and the third information input to the first output of formirovanie the I signal frame and "window", the input line and the input vertical synchronizing of which are connected respectively to the first and second outputs of the selector pulses and the second output to the fourth information input switch-mixer whose output is the output Video television cameras, put connected in series monitor and control unit, the second output of which is connected to the control input of the switch-mixer television camera output Video which is connected to the input of the control unit, thus the value of the threshold electronic shutter of the first sensor of a television signal, set input to "exposure Control", offset values of the threshold electronic shutter of the second sensor TV signal and the accumulation time (t_H1the first sensor of the television signal can be defined by the equation:

T_nmax≥t_H1>t_H2,

where t_H2the time of accumulation of the second sensor of a television signal for maximum illumination of the scene with a typical value of the threshold electronic shutter;

T_nmax- the maximum accumulation time on television standard.

It is assumed that the required threshold setting operation of the electronic shutter of the first sensor may be Ipanema manually input "exposure Control" by smooth or abrupt adjustment of the voltage on the installation input of the comparison circuit levels.

Hereinafter automatically adjustable exposure of the first sensor, denoted by t_H1call "long" dwell time, and automatically adjustable exposure of the second sensor t_H2short accumulation time.

If necessary, the threshold setting operation of the electronic shutter of the first sensor of the television signal and the switching of the threshold to its default value can be performed remotely using a signal applied to the input of "exposure Control" of the sensor from an external control unit.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the proposed television system characterized by the presence of new units, including a control unit and a video monitor, as well as the presence of new connections between the new and the rest of the blocks.

The combination of known and new features not known from the prior art, therefore, the proposed solution meets the requirement of novelty.

In the proposed solution the primary formation of the components of the video signal of the combined image is in charge form on the targets of the first and second sensors television signal at different times of exposure, optimal or near-optimal values for each of the transferred parts of the scene. In the output image those who ivisional system and bright parts (hot car, the measuring range) is transmitted, as in the prototype, without limitation, in white, but only within a "window". Outside the "window" of these parts in the signal of the combined image is not transferred. Therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio (ψ) sent out a "window" dark and/or low-lit parts of the scene is increased in proportion to the increase of time of accumulation of the photodetector. Technical result and methods of its achievement of the proposed solution meets the requirement of inventive step.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the inventive television system, figure 2 - screen video monitor, explaining the operation of the system, figa, 2C and 2D rendered image in the "General view" for three consecutive time moments, and figb, 2D, and 2E - image mode "Combined image" in these moments, respectively.

Declare television system to monitor the movement of hot rolled (see figure 1) consists of a series of video television camera 1, unit 2 control and monitor 3, and the television camera 1 includes sequentially arranged and optically coupled input lens 1-1 and a beam splitter 1-2, the first of which is the normal output of the optical image and optically the points the user with photomixing first sensor 1-3 television signal, and the second output of the beam splitter 1-2 output increased optical image and optically connected with photomixing second sensor 1-4 television signal, while the geometric centers of photomechanic sensors 1-3 and 1-4 are the same vertically and spaced apart horizontally, and the output Video of the first sensor 1-3 is connected to the input of the selector 1-5 clock pulses and respectively to the first information input of the switch-mixer 1-6, the second information input of which is connected to the output Video of the second sensor 1-4, the third information input to the first output of the shaper 1-7 signal frame and "window", the fourth information input to the second output shaper 1-7, and the control input to the first output of the unit 2 control input horizontal synchronization driver 1-7 connected to the first output selector 1-5 clock, the second output of which is connected to the input of the vertical synchronizing shaper 1-7, with the release of "Synchro" first sensor 1-3 is connected to the input of the "Synchro" the second sensor 1-4, and the output of the switch-mixer 1-6 is the output Video television camera 1.

The magnitude explode horizontally geometric centers of photomechanic sensors 1-3 and 1-4 is determined by the value 1/2(L-l), where L is the width of the optical input frame lens 1-1, l - width of photomeson sensor 1-4.

Remote the mouth of the transportation threshold electronic shutter of the first sensor 1-3 television signal and the switching of the threshold to its default value can be performed using the second output unit 2 control which is connected to the input of "exposure Control" of the sensor.

In the field of view of the television camera 1, as shown in figure 1, are: moving hot car (pos.4), measuring line (5), as well as surrounding objects technological environment.

A beam splitter 1-2, as in the prototype, contains consistently spaced and optically coupled translucent mirror 1-2-1, a collective lens 1-2-2 reflecting mirror 1-2-3 and additional lens 1-2-4, and the input of the beam splitter optically connected to the input of the semitransparent mirror 1-2-1, the first output of the beam splitter with the output lens 1-2-4, and the second output of the beam splitter with the second output mirror 1-2-1.

In the inventive solution, the sensors television signal 1-3 and 1-4, as in the prototype, synchronized mode with Genlock reference frequency and phase of the horizontal and vertical sweeps the synchronization signal receiver (BSC) from the sensor 1-3.

Feature of the sensor 1-3 television signal is the input "exposure Control" and the ability to locally or remotely to install on the input switching threshold of the electronic shutter.

The unit 2 control is designed for remote selection of the mode of the television camera 1 and broadcast video from her on the video monitor 3. The first output unit 2 is driven by what I produced: logical "1" in the "General appearance" and logical "0" in the "Combined image". On the second output unit 2 is formed code combination of zeros and ones, providing installation required offset value threshold for triggering the electronic shutter of the first sensor 1-3 in the "Combined image" and the switching of the threshold on the type of the value in the "General view". As unit 2 control can be used in the system unit of the computer, providing these commands through the interface, such as RS-232.

Shaper 1-7 is designed to produce:

signal of a rectangular frame on the first output;

signal "window" on the second output.

The formation of both signals should be implemented digitally, for example on the basis of widely used in Russia processor PIC16C73-201/SP.

As in the prototype, the frame sizes are determined by the relations:

a=X/K_m,

b=Y/K_m,

where X and Y are the dimensions of the raster horizontally and vertically, respectively;

To_m- the multiplicity scaling of the image.

Unlike the prototype frame and the window is occupied by a single (fixed) position within the raster. The format of the frame, as in the prototype, is equal to a/b=4/3, where a is the width of the frame, b - frame height

The width of the "window" (a) is equal to the duration of the active part of the line, i.e. A=X, and the height of the "window" (In) coincides with the vertical size of the frame (b), i.e. B=b, but "the CNAS are always located in the center of the image is symmetrical about the horizontal axis of the screen. The coordinates of the geometric center of the frame horizontally (X-a/2)and vertical (Y/2), where Y is the height of the screen.

To increase the length of hot rolled, in sight of the television system, the input lens 1-1 should have a wide angle field of view when the standard value of the aspect ratio of 4/3. For example, domestic lens "Zenithar-M 2,8/16" may provide for the diagonal of photomeson sensor 1-3, equal to 1/3 inch, the field of view horizontally not less than 100 angular degrees.

A beam splitter 1-2, the second sensor 1-4, the selector 1-5 clock and switch-mixer 1-6 on purpose and circuit performance does not differ from the corresponding blocks of the prototype.

TV system (see figure 1) works as follows. Click to highlight the work of the claimed system two previously mentioned mode:

- "General view";

- "Combined image".

Both of these modes are directly related to a television camera 1, and so are its modes.

As in the prototype, regardless of the operation mode of the camera input optical image along an optical path: the input lens 1-1, translucent mirror 1-2-1, a collective lens 1-2-2 reflecting mirror 1-2-3, additional lens 1-2-4 projected onto photomixing first sensor 1-3 television signal. At the same time increased (in accordance with skrytnostyu scale beam splitter 1-2) slice of this image, the boundaries of which are determined by the e-frame, on the other optical path: the input lens 1-1, translucent mirror 1-2-1 projected onto photomixing second sensor 1-4 television signal.

Note that the multiplicity scaling (K_m) beam splitter, as in the prototype, is determined by the ratio of the width (height) of the optical input frame lens 1-1 to the respective sides of photomeson second sensor 1-4.

Assume that the pre-value threshold of the electronic shutter of the first sensor 1-3 installed locally on input "exposure Control" offset to the threshold value triggering the electronic shutter of the second sensor 1-4, i.e. the sensor 1-3 provides long accumulation time (t_H1), and the sensor 1-4 - short accumulation time (t_H2).

In the photoelectric conversion of the optical image of each of the sensors are then converted into corresponding video signals, and a complete television signal generated at the output of the sensor 1-3, the selector 1-5 distinguishes uppercase and personnel sync.

Let the unit 2 control in the TV system is set to the mode "General view". Then from the first output unit 2 to the control input of the switch-mixer 1-6 signal of logical "1". In block 1-6 is mixing the second signal of the normal image, arriving at its first input with the signal frame supplied to its third information input. On the screen of the video monitor 3 must play a normal object image with overlaid frame.

Pre-made spatial orientation of the TV camera 1 should be such that the image of the measurement line 5 was located in the center of the screen parallel to its width, as shown in figa. Simultaneously, the operator observes on the screen of the video monitor 3 appears on the left image hot rolled.

The main task of the operator is to control the appearance of the front end of the car 4, moving parallel to the measuring line 5, in the final section, i.e. when the car "will be included" in the frame, stopping the movement opposite to the predetermined mark on the ruler.

When translating a television system mode "Combined image" at the control input of the switch-mixer 1-7 is set to a logical signal "0"and its output, and hence the output Video television cameras formed a complete television signal of the synthesized image consisting of increased signal "vnutriramochnym" fragment within the boundaries of the "window" and the signal of the normal image on his rest (see figb). Note that the image is agenie hot rolled in the "window" is not transmitted, because at this time, the car is not in the field of view sensor 1-4. Considering that the field of view sensor 1-4 is a metal line 4 with a high coefficient of reflection of the light flux, the accumulation time (t_H2for sensor 1-4 is automatically set to a sufficiently small value.

In the inventive solution component of the combined image outside "the box does not contain image of the car, so its formation performed by the sensor 1-3 with long accumulation time (t_H1)will be optimal or close to optimal exposure value for the data objects (parts) in scenes with low brightness and/or low illumination.

Then in the process of moving hot rolled his optical image into the field of view of the sensor 1-4 (see figv), so the "window" of the combined image is observed the appearance of enlarged television image front end of the "entering" of the car (see Figg). Note that the real value of the accumulation time (t_H2) sensor 1-4 due to the strong light emission in this situation will be less than in the previous point.

Assume that the process of transportation of the car must be stopped by the operator at the level of the measuring line 4, which is located opposite the geometric center of the frame that combin, is one of the image corresponds to the middle horizontally. Then the operator gradually slows down the movement of the car, ensuring the full stop at the moment of transfer of the image on the video monitor screen, shown in fige. Obviously, in this case, the image of the rent is half of the field of view of the sensor 1-4 horizontally (see Figg). It should be noted that switching the TV system in the "General view" to obtain the images shown on figv and Figg, practically does not bring additional information to the operator while observing the movement of hot rolling, and therefore, the transition to these images can be excluded from the number of technological operations. Enough can be considered a presentation to the operator of the images in the following sequence: figa, figb, Figg and five.

In the image the General plan of the technological environment that is passed in the combined image sensor 1-3 under "long-time accumulation" (t_H1), provides an elevated signal-to-noise ratio for dark and/or low-lit parts of the scene, thus expanding the dynamic range of the gray scales of the image.

The gain in dynamic range may be in a first approximation, the estimated coefficient equal to the ratio of the magnitude of "long time" (t_H1to the value of the "short time" (t_H2).

If the condition is the second operation of the television system, it is necessary to have remote control of threshold electronic shutter of the first sensor 13 and the switching threshold of the typical value, this can be ensured by a team from the unit 2 control connecting the second output to the input of "exposure Control" of this sensor. Then remotely installed in the "Combined image" threshold electronic shutter sensor 1-3 differs from the threshold electronic shutter sensor 1-4 is absolutely the same as in the above-described control of the place. In the "General view" automatic switching provides the coincidence of these thresholds, which excludes the possibility of limitations in white in this mode for the emerging field of view of the television system image hot rolled.

Currently, all units offer solutions developed or may be developed by the domestic industry, therefore, should be considered the present invention corresponding to the requirement of industrial application.

SOURCES of INFORMATION

1. Kuzmin VP, Chelpanov V.I. Rodionov OF, Kamyshev GA, V.E. Antonov, Smelkov V.M., Smolyakov Y.A. TV observation system for hot rolling. // Production of steel. - 2000. No. 4, - p.36-38.

2. Patent No. 2171014 of the Russian Federation. MKI⁷H04N 5/225, 5/228. Television camera with selective scaling / Vsmall, Wassalamu, Now, Vampirov//B. I. - 2001. No. 20.

1. Television system to monitor the movement of th is aciego rental, consisting of a television camera with selective scaling of the image that contains sequentially arranged and optically coupled input lens and a beam splitter, and the selector pulses switch the mixer and the driver signals of the frame and "window", and the first output beam splitter is an optical output normal image and optically connected with photomixing first sensor of the television signal and the second output of the beam splitter output increased optical image and optically connected with photomixing second sensor of the television signal, while the geometric centers of photomechanic the first and second sensors television signal coincide vertically and spaced apart horizontally, and the entrance "Synchro" the second sensor TV signal connected to the output of the "Synchro" first sensor of a television signal, the output Video which are connected respectively to the input selector clock pulses and to the first information input of the switch-mixer, the second information input of which is connected to the output Video of the second sensor of the television signal, and the third information input to the first output of the driver signals of the frame and "window", the input line and the input vertical synchronizing of which are connected respectively to the first and second output the am selector pulses and the second output to the fourth information input switch-mixer whose output is the output of a Video television camera, wherein the entered serial connected the monitor and control unit, the first output of which is connected to the control input of the switch-mixer television camera output Video which is connected to the input of the control unit, thus the value of the threshold electronic shutter of the first sensor of a television signal, set input to "exposure Control", offset values of the threshold electronic shutter of the second sensor of the television signal and the accumulation time (t_H1the first sensor of the television signal can be defined by the equation:

T_nmax≥t_H1>t_H2,

where t_H2the time of accumulation of the second sensor of a television signal for maximum illumination of the scene with a typical value of the threshold electronic shutter;

T_nmax- the maximum accumulation time on television standard.

2. Television system to monitor the movement of hot rolling according to claim 1, characterized in that the second output control unit connected to the input of "exposure Control" of the first sensor of the television signal is La.