System to prevent accidents on railway tracks

FIELD: railway transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to safety devices to be installed on dangerous section of railways. Observation and warning equipment with video processor subsystem for processing and recording images, alarm signaling unit and transmitting part of wireless communication subsystem is installed in area of potential dangerous section of track, for instance, crossing area. Train is furnished with train movement inter locking equipment, sound annunciator, video monitor and receiving part of wireless communication subsystem. Said video processor subsystem includes two video cameras covering potentially dangerous section of track. It includes also video image processor, image recorder, timer, video camera control unit, illumination pickup, lighting unit and resolver. Transmitting and receiving parts of wireless communication subsystem are made in form of video image transmitter and receiver with voice accompaniment. Display of video monitor is in field of vision of driver. Train movement inter locking equipment is operated by driver. System provides driver with on-line information on situation at nearest dangerous zone of crossing. Driver takes decision on emergency braking of train or continuation of movement basing of information available.

EFFECT: prevention of wrong decision.

3 cl, 4 dwg

The invention relates to safety on railway transport, in particular by means of safety on the railroad tracks, designed for installation in potentially hazardous areas of Railways in the areas of travel, the field of possible avalanches and rockfalls in mountainous terrain.

It is known that the railway crossing is one of the most dangerous areas for road users and collision of the vehicle (PBX) with a train at a railroad crossing is one of the most serious types of road traffic accidents (RTA), accompanied, as a rule, numerous casualties.

Meanwhile accidents at railway crossings occur regularly and are often caused by drivers PBX. Thus, according to ITAR-TASS in 2003 only on the Metropolitan railway occurred 55 accidents, in which 13 people were killed and 31 people were injured. Almost always the collision of trains with ATS were caused by drivers PBX. Typically, the collision of trains with ATS were caused by either a lack of discipline, drivers ATS who tried to drive around the closed gates and get in front of a passing team, or were associated with failure of the PBX (brakes failed, stalled the movement is running and other similar faults).

One of the main directions of improving safety in potentially hazardous areas of Railways, in particular crossings is to equip their cameras.

Thus, the application DE NO. 19623524, 61 L 29/00, G 06 K 9/62, N 04 N 7/18 describes Videoprocessor system for monitoring hazardous areas railway crossing, containing installed on the roof of the booth of a switchman video camera, the output of which is with the cable connected to the digital processing and evaluation of images (video), the control input of which is connected to the output of the control unit gates, and the outputs of a video card with cables connected to two illuminating lamps mounted on opposite sides of the railroad tracks, which provide illumination for the danger zone of the railway crossing in low light conditions. Video contains long-term memory (DVR), which allows to store (archive) obtained by the video image for further analysis.

Modern Videoprocessor systems, including those used to ensure road safety, allows not only to detect the ATS, but also to identify them in the public registration office (for example, Directory - 2004, "Technical means for ensuring safety is snasti road, State traffic police of the MIA, M - 2004, s-133). Neural network software such videoprocessing systems, as NISS-Videoinspector (security.vn.dp.ua), SmartVideo (www.sinf.ru) or CR-104-MR (www.cor-net.ru) allows to detect the motion of objects in the frame, ignoring the natural optical interference.

These Videoprocessor systems allow you to automatically log in a digital memory the images of the objects that appeared after lowering barriers in the hazardous area of the railway crossing. Registered images can then be analyzed by security staff to identify violators of traffic rules, and in case of an accident, it can give valuable information material in the trial.

The main disadvantage of the above-described videoprocessing system application DE NO. 19623524, 61 L 29/00, G 06 K 9/62, N 04 N 7/18 is its "passivity". That is, it only allows to register the violation, but does not contain in itself the means of prevention (warning) of the train driver about the danger.

This disadvantage is eliminated in an automatic alarm system for railway crossings, described in Japanese patent publication No. 10-341427, 61 L 29/00, G 08 In 21/00, G 08 In 25/00, N 04 N 7/18, which is the closest analogue of the present invention.

This system contains the it two identical cameras, installed on different sides of the railroad tracks, which provide a view of the danger zone railroad crossing diagonally. At the location of one of the cameras mounted loudspeaker. The outputs of both cameras and the input of the loudspeaker connected to videoprocessing device containing a multi-line detector of movements made with the possibility of automatic detection of moving objects in the danger zone railroad crossing.

When the intruder detection in a hazardous area railway crossing solver, part videoprocessing device sends the command to switch on the unit forming the voice message, the output of which is connected to the loudspeaker. If the offender does not react to sounds from the speaker voice warning and continues to be in the danger zone of the railway crossing, then after some time, the solver generates a command emergency stop trains approaching the railway crossing. Along the lines of wireless communication, for example through radio, this command is transmitted on a moving train moving train and is used to implement its emergency braking or manually (by the operator)or automatically (using stop-cu is on).

Specified automatic alarm system for railway crossings focused on fully automate the detection of an emergency situation at a manageable level crossings and emergency measures to prevent the accident. When the driver of a train approaching a railway crossing, only runs the command emergency stop formed by this automatic system, or do not participate in emergency braking.

On the one hand, this high degree of automation is an advantage considering the automatic system, as it facilitates the work of the operator, and, on the other hand, its disadvantage, since, in practice, in any automatic system there is always a probability of false alarms and failure to identify emergency. When false alarm and the associated vain train stop is disrupted train schedules. The consequence of failure to identify emergency on the move can be accidents, including fatalities.

From the above follows the formulation of the present invention, and the system must be constructed in such a way that the driver was provided operational information about the situation on the next move. The solution: either about emergency braking of a train, or on the continuation of the th further movement must take himself the engineer taking into account the totality of available information.

The subject invention is a system for preventing accidents on railway tracks, containing placed in the area of potentially dangerous section of railway track, for example, of the danger zone railroad crossing, hardware monitoring and alerts, which includes Videoprocessor subsystem processing and registration of images, the unit of the alarm system, whose input is connected to the first output videoprocessing subsystem processing and registration of images, and transmit side subsystem of a wireless communication terminal which is connected to the output of the alarm, and set in train equipment, which includes equipment blocking the movement of the train, sounder and receiving portion of the wireless subsystem communication, audio output which is connected to the input of the sound of the siren, with Videoprocessor subsystem processing and registration of images includes first and second cameras, mounted so that their field of vision got all potentially dangerous stretch of railway track, a video processor, a first output of which is connected to the input of the Registrar of the images, and the second output to the input of a casting device whose output is the first output videoprocessing positionable and registration of images, and connected in series timer, whose input is connected to the output of a casting device, the control unit video cameras, to the second input of which is connected to the light sensor, and a backlight unit, configured to light the entire potentially dangerous section of railway track, while the second and third outputs of the control unit video cameras connected to the control inputs respectively of the first and second cameras, the outputs of which are connected respectively with the first and second inputs of the video processor, the clock input of which is connected to the second output of the timer, transmitting and receiving side of the wireless communication subsystem is made in the form, respectively, the transmitter and receiver for video voice guided, with video transmitter video with voice support connected to the second output videoprocessing subsystem processing and registration of images, which is the second output of the video processor, and the equipment installed in the train entered the monitor, which is placed so that the screen would be in the field of vision of the driver, the input of the video monitor connected to the video receiver video with voice support, and equipment blocking LW is the position of the train is made controllable by the driver.

Private significant features of the invention are as follows.

Block alarm contains a loudspeaker unit light alarm and block the formation of the voice message, the output of which is connected to the loudspeaker, and the unit light alarm and block the formation of voice messages, connected to each other, are input unit of the alarm system, the output of which is the output of the shaping unit voice messages.

Processor video made with the functions of detector movement of objects.

The present invention is the creation of a system to prevent accidents in potentially hazardous areas of Railways, in particular at railway crossings, more effectively than any other system specified destination, to prevent an accident, in particular the occurrence of a traffic accident.

Provide technical result is achieved by providing the operator with visual information about the situation at the nearest potentially dangerous area, in particular at a railroad crossing, which can significantly reduce the probability of making a wrong driver solutions.

The essence of the invention is illustrated in figure 1-4.

Figure 1 illustrates an emergency situation on a railway crossing, which may be on the blunt accident.

Figure 2 presents enlarged structural diagram of the system to prevent accidents on the railroad tracks.

3 shows the structural diagram videoprocessing subsystem processing and registration of images.

4 shows a structural block circuit diagram of the alarm system.

Figure 1-4 the following notation is used: 1 - hardware monitoring and alerts; 2 - Videoprocessor subsystem processing and registration of images; 3 - the first video camera; 4 - second video camera; 5 - processor video; 6 - Registrar images; 7 - solver; 8 - block alarm; 9 - timer; 10 - block alarm light; 11 - block formation of the voice messages; 12 - speaker; 13 - transmitter video with voice support; 14 - wireless communication subsystem; 15 receiver video with voice support; 16 - sounder; 17 - video; 18 - equipment blocking the movement of trains; the 19 - unit video camera control; 20 - a unit of illumination; 21 light sensor.

The considered system to prevent accidents on the railroad tracks (figure 1) contains equipment 1 alert monitoring (figure 2), located in the district of potentially dangerous stretch of railway track (for example, in the hazardous area of the iron is Oronogo moving). As shown in figure 1, the component parts of the apparatus 1 monitoring and warning placed on two masts mounted in the base of the warning light columns located on opposite sides of the railroad tracks.

Part of the apparatus 1 alert monitoring includes:

- Videoprocessor subsystem 2 processing and registration of images (figure 3);

unit 8 alarms (figure 4);

transmitter 13 video with voice support.

When the input unit 8 alarm connected to the first output videoprocessing subsystem 2 processing and registration of images. Audio input and video input of the transmitter 13 video with voice support are connected respectively to the output unit 8 alarm and with the second output videoprocessing subsystem 2 processing and registration of images.

In the system to prevent accidents on the railroad tracks (figure 1) also includes equipment installed in trains, the route which passes through this potentially dangerous stretch of railway track. Part of the equipment installed in the train (figure 2)include:

equipment 18 block the movement of the train made by the managed machinist;

- sounder 16;

the video monitor 17, have been fitted the th so so the screen would be in the field of vision of the driver;

receiver 15 video with voice support.

While the audio output of receiver 15 video with voice support is connected to the input of the audio annunciator 16, and output - to-input video monitor 17.

Part of the equipment installed in the train, the receiver 15 video with voice support is included in the apparatus 1 alert monitoring transmitter 13 video with voice support form subsystem 14 wireless connection.

Videoprocessor subsystem 2 processing and registration of images (figure 3) contains the first 3 and second 4 cameras, mounted so that their field of vision got all potentially dangerous stretch of railway track, a video processor 5, made for example in the form of a motion detector, a first output which is connected to the input of the Registrar 6 images, and the second to the input of a casting device 7 whose output is the first output videoprocessing subsystem 2 processing and registration of images. Part videoprocessing subsystem 2 processing and registration of images are also connected in series timer 9, block 19, control cameras and the block 20 of the backlight is made with the possibility of the of alerts to inform all potentially dangerous section of railway track.

Figure 1 shows one of the possible examples of implementation of such coverage. Above it was noted that the apparatus 1 monitoring and alerts (which includes Videoprocessor subsystem 2 processing and registration of images) can be, in particular, placed on two masts (as shown in figure 1). The block 20 of the backlight is made structurally in the form of two lamps with reflectors and posted on the respective masts. In this case, the connection of these lamps pass through the cable laid under the railroad tracks and not shown in figure 1. The control unit 20 of the backlight from unit 19 controls the cameras in this case must be made through the relay.

The timer input 9 connected to the output of a casting device 7. The second input unit 19 to control cameras connected to the sensor 21 of the light. The second and third outputs of the block 19 control cameras connected to the control inputs, respectively, of the first 3 and second 4 cameras. The outputs of the first 3 and second 4 cameras are connected respectively with the first and second inputs of the video processor 5, the clock input of which is connected to the second output of the timer 9, the second output of the video processor 5 is the second output videoprocessing subsystem 2 processing and registration depicts the th.

Structurally, the first 3 and second 4 video cameras are located on their respective masts (as shown in figure 1). Figure 1 shows that on one of these masts is located as a separate structural element that Videoprocessor subsystem 2 processing and registration of images with transmitter 13 video with voice support. This is cosmetic, because videoprocessing subsystem 2 processing and registration of images (figure 3) includes, in particular: the first 3 and second 4 cameras (indicated in figure 1, as a separate structural elements), and the block 20 of the backlight. Structural elements of the block 20 of the backlight, as shown in figure 1, are separate and are located on both masts.

In a variant implementation of block 8 of the alarm system, presented in figure 4, the latter contains the loudspeaker 12, block 10, the light signal and the block 11 forming a voice message, the output of which is connected to the loudspeaker 12. When the input unit 10, the light signal and the block 11 forming the voice messages are connected to each other and are input unit 8 alarm, and the output of block 11 forming a voice message output unit 8 of the alarm.

Unit 10, the light signal can be performed, for example, in the form of a set of the usual red flashing signal lamps, used at railway crossings. Figure 1 shows an example of an exploded structural design of the unit 10, the light signal, which consists of four warning lights (two on each of the masts). The relationship between these signal lamps must be carried by cable laid under the railroad tracks and not shown in figure 1. The control signal lamp unit 10, the light signal from block 8 alarm in this case must be made through the relay.

Currently on the commercial market presents a wide variety videoprocessing subsystem 2 processing and registration of images. Their functionality depends on the price. The inventive system to prevent accidents on the railroad tracks focused on Videoprocessor subsystem 2 processing and registration of images of an economy class price (about $ 200). Representatives of this class are the aforementioned system SmartVideo (www.sinf.ru and CS-104-MR (www.cor-net.ru).

So, the system SmartVideo can provide an effective round-the-clock surveillance of potentially dangerous area.

System SmartVideo provides:

- synchronous recording of video images from multiple cameras number of cameras up to 16), together with a sound signal (up to two channels);

- compress the images (videocompression) in accordance with special algorithms compressor;

various recording modes (clock, alarm, schedule, according to the signals from the detector movements);

implementation of the algorithm of intelligent motion detector, which can independently without assistance to respond to the occurrence of unwanted object and include anxiety;

- digital zoom (2x, 4x, 8x);

record videos in the archive, formed in the Registrar 6 images;

- export the individual frames and videos that show the recorded images on a personal computer;

the rotator control cameras.

Unique neural network software videoprocessing system SmartVideo allows you to:

- guaranteed to capture unauthorized movement of objects in the frame, ignoring the natural optical interference;

- reliably discriminate between actual movements and changes of illumination by sunlight, clouds and the like.

When changing the lighting conditions in the system of Smart Video is not required:

to adjust the threshold depending on the size of the moving objects;

record how fast and slow moving;

- provide individual settings for each camera.

The use in the above-described VI is Bioprocessing systems SmartVideo or CR-104-MR algorithms for image compression (JPEG, MPEG) significantly (an order of magnitude or more) to compress data to be transmitted and thereby to facilitate the requirements to the subsystem 14 wireless connection.

Subsystem 14 wireless communications, containing a transmitter 13 video with voice acting and the receiver 15 video with voice support, used in security systems (for example, claim US 2005/0207487, N 04 N 7/12). They can be fully be used in this system to prevent accidents on the railroad tracks.

The remaining component parts of the system to prevent accidents on the railroad tracks used in its nearest equivalent. Thus, the possibility of practical realization of the proposed system is not in doubt.

The considered system to prevent accidents on the railroad tracks works as follows. As a district system consider the danger zone railroad crossing (figure 1).

Surveillance for hazardous area railway crossing provides apparatus 1 monitoring and alerts, the key element of which is Videoprocessor subsystem 2 processing and registration of images (figure 2). Included in its composition the first 3 and second 4 camera is looking at the danger zone railroad crossing from different sides of the CRO is the author of the canvas. The signals from outputs of the first 3 and second 4 cameras come respectively into the first and second inputs of the video processor 5.

Consider the basic operations that are implemented in videoprocessing the subsystem 2 processing and registration of images. At its base you can take the above system SmartVideo (www.sinf.ru or CS-104-MR (www.cor-net.ru), which are approximately the same. As noted above, these Videoprocessor subsystem 2 processing and registration of images provide simultaneous digital recording video from multiple cameras together with a sound signal.

Recording can be done in several modes:

- around the clock;

- scheduled;

- external command (alarm);

- internal team (from the motion detector).

In the video processor 5 is implemented neural network image processing algorithm, resulting in the image field are automatically detected actual movement of the specified objects (e.g., people or PBX). Field of an image is divided into dozens of zones of control of any shape and size, able to respond to movements of objects of a given size in one area and ignore the others. Detected changes in the image field, different from the usual hustle and changes caused by objects, n is of interest (for example, small animals or birds). The information will be archived in the Registrar of 6 images. This information can be further used, for example, to search for the violator of the rules of conduct in the hazardous area of the railway crossing.

If the object (e.g., PBX) within a certain period of time remains in the danger zone railroad crossing, as in the nearest analogue (above the alarm system for railway crossings, described in Japanese patent publication No. 10-341427, 61 L 29/00, G 08 In 21/00, G 08 In 25/00, N 04 N 7/18), the crucial device 7 automatically receives the initial decision: "detection of potentially dangerous object". When making initial decisions can be used to adjust threshold deciding unit 7 depending on the size of the moving object. When triggered, a casting device 7 at the outlet is formed team, which is fed to the input of block 8 of the alarm system and to the input of the start of the timer 9. In block 8 alarms (figure 4) this command is supplied to the input unit 10, the light signal and the block 11 forming a voice message. The block 10, the light signal includes a mode flashing red signal lamp (shown in figure 1). Block 11 forming voice messages generates the warning voices of the th phrase, type ATTENTION! The TRAIN ON the FIRST PATH, which is spoken over the loudspeaker 12.

After a preset time interval since the start of the timer 9 the latter sends to the processor 5 video team, in accordance with which the CPU 5 video again carries out the detection of changes in the hazardous area of the railway crossing. If changes have occurred and "potentially dangerous object" (e.g., PBX) continues to be in the danger zone railroad crossing, activate the transmitter 13 video with voice support, which is part of the subsystem 14 wireless connection.

However, if the system described in the aforementioned Japanese publication No. 10-341427, 61 L 29/00, G 08 In 21/00, G 08 In 25/00, N 04 N 7/18), the analog subsystem 14 wireless communication is used to transmit a stop command of the train, in the proposed system on a moving train is transmitted voice message alert and the video signal that carries video danger zone railroad crossing. This information allows the driver of the train in time to assess the situation and make the best decision on their further actions.

Voice message alert is formed in the block 11 forming a voice message and simultaneously broadcast over the loudspeaker 12 parade the Xia to the audio input of the transmitter 13 video with voice support subsystem 14 wireless. The transmitter 13 video with voice support translates the specified voice message alert radio at the approaching train.

Simultaneously with the second video processor 5 video to the video input of the transmitter 13 video with voice accompanied by a picture of the danger zone railroad crossing, obtained using two synchronously operating the first 3 and second 4 cameras. The specified video image, as mentioned above, the voice message alert, broadcast on the radio on the approaching train.

This video danger zone railroad crossing, complemented by voice message alert is received by receiver 15 video with voice support subsystem 14 wireless. The receiver 15 video with voice guided emit low-frequency component of the signal carrying the voice message alert. With audio output of the receiver 15 video with voice support is a voice message alert is served on is installed in the cab sounder 16 (e.g., loudspeaker). At the same time on the video monitor 17, which is placed so that its screen was in the field BP is of the driver, with the video output of the receiver 15 video with voice support is video of the danger zone railroad crossing.

Voice message alert is to attract the attention of the operator to the screen of the video monitor 17. A further solution (for example, emergency braking trains using the apparatus 18 block the movement of the train, or the continuation of the movement - in the case of a false alarm) to be made by the operator by analyzing the video image. At the time of analysis, the engineer can reduce the speed of the train in order to leave yourself more time on decision-making. Starting from some distance, the operator can visually through the train window, to observe the danger zone railroad crossing and to make the final selection decisions (or to verify the correctness of the previously selected solutions). After that, he can temporarily disable incoming messages alert in your receiver 15 video with voice support.

In the danger zone railroad crossing modes first 3 and second 4 cameras are set with block 19 controls the cameras. Timing modes the first 3 and second 4 cameras (hours or on a schedule set by means of the timer 9. For this purpose the appropriate commands p is given from the first output of the timer 9 to the sync input unit 19 controls the cameras. The illumination mode of the danger zone railroad crossing regulates block 20 of the backlight. The fact of insufficient illumination, for example in the evening and at night, recorded using the sensor 21 of the light signals which are received at block 19 controls the cameras. If you have installed the sensor 21 of the lighting poor lighting unit 19 controls the camera includes accordingly the lamp unit 20 of the backlight. The block 20 of the backlight begins to illuminate the danger zone railroad crossing, providing required for normal operation of the first 3 and second 4 cameras light level. In the example shown in figure 1, the lamp unit 20 lights are located on both masts. This ensures uniform illumination of the entire area of the danger zone railroad crossing. Thus, at any time of the day the system to prevent accidents on the railroad tracks allows surveillance of hazardous railroad crossing and to prevent possible accidents on the railroad tracks.

As follows from the above, the sum total with the closest analogue signs and new signs associated with the changing nature of information transmitted on a moving train, allows to solve the problem is to create a system to prevent accidents n the dangerous parts of railway tracks, in particular, in hazardous areas, railway crossings, allowing more efficient than known analogues, to prevent accidents on railway tracks, in particular the occurrence of a traffic accident.

Provide technical result is achieved by providing the operator with visual information about the situation on the near dangerous stretch of railway track, for example, in a hazardous area the railway crossing, which can significantly reduce the probability of making a wrong decision.

1. A system for preventing accidents on railway tracks, containing placed in the area of potentially dangerous section of railway track, for example the danger zone railroad crossing, hardware monitoring and alerts, which includes Videoprocessor subsystem processing and registration of images, the unit of the alarm system, whose input is connected to the first output videoprocessing subsystem processing and registration of images, and transmit side subsystem of a wireless communication terminal which is connected to the output of the alarm, and set in train equipment, which includes equipment blocking the movement of the train, sounder and receiving portion of the wireless communication subsystem, the output of which connected to the input sound is a new annunciator, this Videoprocessor subsystem processing and registration of images includes first and second cameras, mounted so that their field of view was potentially dangerous stretch of railway track, a video processor, a first output of which is connected to the input of the Registrar of the images, and the second output to the input of a casting device whose output is the first output videoprocessing subsystem processing and registration of the images, and also connected in series timer input launching of which is connected to the output of a casting device, the control unit video cameras, to the second input of which is connected to the light sensor, and a backlight unit, made with the possibility of lighting of all potentially dangerous stretch of railway track, while the second and third outputs of the control unit video cameras connected to the control inputs respectively of the first and second cameras, the outputs of which are connected respectively with the first and second inputs of the video processor, the clock input of which is connected to the second output of the timer, wherein the transmitting and receiving side of the wireless communication subsystem is made in the form, respectively, the transmitter and receiver video with voice support, with videowho the transmitter video with voice support connected to the second output videoprocessing subsystem processing and registration of images, which is the second output of the video processor, and the equipment installed in the train entered the monitor, which is placed so that the screen would be in the field of vision of the driver, the input of the video monitor connected to the video receiver video with voice support, and equipment blocking the movement of the train made controllable by the driver.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit of the alarm system includes a loudspeaker unit light alarm and block the formation of the voice message, the output of which is connected to the loudspeaker, and the unit light alarm and block the formation of voice messages, connected to each other, are input unit of the alarm system, the output of which is the output of the shaping unit voice messages.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the processor of the video is made with the functions of detector movement of objects.