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Random-wave oscillator. RU patent 2273088.

IPC classes for russian patent Random-wave oscillator. RU patent 2273088. (RU 2273088):

H03B29 - Generation of noise currents and voltages

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FIELD: radio engineering; random-wave sources.

SUBSTANCE: proposed random-wave oscillator that incorporates provision for nonlinear signal conversion independently of physical standard values of its circuit components has inductive component, two capacitors, resistor, and nonlinear impedance converter whose transfer characteristic is described by specified equation.

EFFECT: enlarged regulation range of random-signal parameters.

2 cl, 5 dwg

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used as a source of chaotic electromagnetic waves.

Known generator of chaotic oscillations (N.Inaba, T.Saito and S.Mori. Chaotic phenomena in a circuit with negative resistance and ideal swith of diodes // The transactions of IEICE, 1987, Vol. E 70, No 8, P.744)containing the device with negative resistance, the first output of which is connected with the first findings of the first capacitor and a nonlinear resistor, the second terminal is connected with the second output of the first capacitor and the first findings of the second capacitor and the inductive element, the second, the conclusions of which is connected to the second output of the nonlinear resistor.

Also known generator of chaotic oscillations (Traumata. Chaos in electronic circuits. TIER, 1987, CH, No. 8, P.76-79, 19, 20), containing a capacitor, a first output which is connected to the first output device with negative conductivity, the second terminal of which is connected to the first output of the parallel oscillating circuit, the second terminal of which is connected with the second output capacitor.

The disadvantage of these generators is that their work nonlinearity provide such circuit elements, which must have a certain physical value. This limits the possibility of independent changes of the parameters of the nonlinearity, thus reducing the interval is l realignment of the characteristics of the generated chaotic signal.

The closest to the technical nature of the claimed device is a generator of chaotic oscillations (Traumata. Chaos in electric circuits. TIER, 1987, CH, No. 8, P.67-68, figure 1 and figure 6), which contains an inductive element, the first output of which is connected to the first terminals of the resistor and the first capacitor, the second terminal of which is connected to the first output of the second capacitor.

The disadvantage of this generator of chaotic oscillations is that it uses a nonlinear resistor with negative resistance, combining heterogeneous features a resistive element with a given nominal resistance and non-linear transducer signal with a given nonlinearity that limits the ability of independent change of parameters of non-linearity, thereby narrowing the limits of regulation characteristics of the generated oscillations.

The aim of the invention is an extension of the regulation parameters of the chaotic signal by ensuring the independence of the non-linear conversion signal generator of chaotic oscillations from the physical values of the nominal elements of his scheme.

The purpose of the invention is achieved by the fact that the generator of chaotic oscillations containing inductive element, the first output of which is connected to the first terminals of the resistor and the first capacitor, the second wypadkowego is connected to the first output of the second capacitor, introduced non-linear impedance Converter, the first and second input, the findings of which are connected with the second pins respectively inductive element and a resistor, first and second output conclusions the nonlinear impedance Converter connected respectively with the first and second pins of the second capacitor, the transfer characteristic of the nonlinear transducer impedance is defined by the equationwhere i(i_L- the current flowing through the weekend conclusions the nonlinear impedance Converter under current i_Lflowing through the inlet conclusions the nonlinear impedance Converter, I₀- boundary current between the medium passing through the origin, and the side sections of the transfer characteristic, a and b are real coefficients with opposite signs, the voltage at the first input the output of the nonlinear transducer impedance is equal to the voltage at the first output of the nonlinear output of the impedance Converter, the voltage at the second input the output of the nonlinear transducer impedance is equal to the voltage at the second output of the nonlinear output of the impedance Converter.

With the aim of obtaining high temperature stability of nonlinear impedance Converter includes first and second nonlinear two-terminal device and will increase the capacity element inverting input, the first input the output of the nonlinear impedance Converter connected to the first output of the first nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh, the second terminal of which is connected to the output of the amplifying element and the first output of the second nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh, the second terminal of which is connected to reinvestiruet input amplification element, the first output output nonlinear impedance Converter, the first nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh includes first and second transistors, the emitters of which are respective first and second findings of the first nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh, the collector of the first transistor is connected to the base of the second transistor and the emitter of the third transistor, the base and the collector of which is connected with the first output of the first resistor, the second terminal which is connected to the output of the first current generator and the first output of the second resistor, the second terminal of which is connected to the base and collector of the fourth transistor, the emitter of which is connected to the collector of the second transistor and the base of the first transistor, the emitter of which is connected to the output of the second current generator, and the first output of the third resistor, the second terminal of which is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, the first output of the second nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh are United base and is collector of the fifth transistor, the emitter of which is connected to the base of the sixth transistor and the collector of the seventh transistor, the emitter of which is connected to the first output of the fourth resistor, the second terminal of which is connected to the output of the third current generator and the first output of the fifth resistor, the second terminal of which is connected to the emitter of the sixth transistor, the collector of which is connected to the base of the seventh transistor and the emitter of the eighth transistor is connected to base and collector of which are the second output of the second nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh, the collector of the eighth transistor is connected to the output of the fourth current generator and the first output of the sixth resistor, the second terminal of which is connected to the collector of the fifth transistor, the amplifying element includes ninth and tenth transistors databases which are relevant inverting and reinvestiruet the inputs of the amplifying element, the emitter of the tenth transistor is connected to the fifth output of the current generator and emitter of the ninth transistor, the collector of which is connected to the sixth output of the current generator and the base of the eleventh transistor, the emitter of which being the output of the amplifying element is connected to the seventh output of the current generator, the common bus of the first, fourth and sixth current generators connected to the power bus and the collectors of the tenth and eleventh Tran is esterov, the common bus of the second, third, fifth and seventh current generators connected to a common bus, which is the second input and second output conclusions the nonlinear impedance Converter.

The inventive generator of chaotic oscillations is illustrated by figure 1, which shows its schematic electrical diagram, figure 2, which shows the distribution of currents and voltages in the circuit of the generator during its operation, figure 3, which shows the electric diagram of the practical implementation of the generator of chaotic oscillations, figure 4, which shows an example of a projection dimensionless strange attractor on the plane (x, y), and figure 5, which shows an example of dependence of the dimensionless variable y from time to time.

The generator of chaotic oscillations contains nonlinear impedance Converter 1, the first 2 and second 3 capacitors, inductive element 4 and the resistor 5, the nonlinear impedance Converter includes an amplifier element 6, the first 7 and second 8 nonlinear two-terminal device, the first nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh contains the first 9 and second 10, the third 11 and 12 fourth transistors, the first 13 and second 14 and third 15 resistors, the first 16 and second 17 current generator, the second nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh contains 18 fifth, sixth, 19, 20 seventh and eighth transistors 21, 22 fourth, fifth, 23 and 24 sixth resistors, 25 third and fourth 26 generators is Oka, amplifying element contains the ninth 27, 28 tenth and eleventh transistors 29, 30 fifth, sixth, 31 and 32 seventh current generator.

We write the equations describing the dynamics of the generator (smpeg):

where C1 and C2 of the capacitors 2 and 3; L is the inductance of inductive element 4; R is the resistance of resistor 5; u_C1and u_C2variable voltage on the capacitors 2 and 3, respectively; i_C1and i_C2variables currents flowing in the capacitors 2 and 3, respectively; u_Land i_L- AC voltage on the inductive element 4 and flowing through him alternating current, respectively.

Solving the equation (1) with respect toandwe get the following system of differential equations:

Introducing dimensionless variablesand the dimensionless time, will present the equations in dimensionless form:

where- dimensionless transfer function of the nonlinear impedance Converter;

Nonlinear impedance Converter in the scheme of figure 3 is given in the claims transfer characteristic, the parameters of which are equalwhere R1 is the resistance value of the first 13 and second 14 resistor, R2 is the resistance of the third resistor 15, R3 is the resistance value of the fourth 22 and 23 fifth resistors R4 is the resistance of the sixth resistor 24, I₁- the value of the output current of the first 16 of the generator current. The values of the output currents I₂, I₃, I₄, I₅, I₆, I₇accordingly, 17 second, third, 25, 26 fourth, fifth, 30, 31 sixth and seventh 32 generators must meet the following ratiosI₃≫I₁,I₅≈2I₆, I₇≈I₆.

In system (3) there are irregular self-oscillations, characterized by positive values of the senior characteristic Lyapunov exponent. For example, when a=4, b=-4, A=0.5,≈7...12 this indicator is equal to 0.2...0.5, in particular, when a=4, b=-4, A=0.5, B=10, it is close to 0.45; when a=-2, b=10, A=0.5, B=9...11 senior characteristic Lyapunov exponent is in the range from 0.25 to 0.4.

Therefore, when data values of the coefficients a, b, A, B in General the d in figure 1 are observed chaotic oscillations.

Let R=1 kω, C1=20 nF. Then in the case of A=0.5, B=10, a=4, b=-4 chaotic oscillations in the scheme of figure 3 are observed at C2≈10 nF, L1≈1 mH. Putting the I₀=100 µa, I₆=1 mA; I₁=300 Ω, we obtain: I₁≈400 µa, I₂≈200 µa, I₃≈4 mA; I₄≈2 mA and I₅≈2 mA and I₇≈1 mA, R2≈1.2 kω, R3≈100 Ohm, R4≈600 Ohms.

Corresponding to these values of the parameters of the generator examples dimensionless strange attractor and the dependence of the dimensionless variable at a time is shown in figure 4 and 5.

The transfer characteristic of the nonlinear impedance Converter does not depend on the values of the input and output currents. Therefore, the change of the nonlinearity of this characteristic can be realized regardless of the values of these currents. Ceteris paribus this allows to extend the interval tuning of the parameters of the chaotic signal in comparison with analogues and prototype.

High temperature stability of the nonlinear transducer impedance is due to the fact that its transfer function is almost independent of the parameters of the transistors due to the mutual compensation of the emitter resistances of the transistors 9 and 11, 10 and 12, 18 and 20, 19 and 21.

1. The generator of chaotic oscillations containing inductive element, the first output of which is connected to the first conclusions re iStore and the first capacitor, the second output of which is connected to the first output of the second capacitor, characterized in that it introduced a non-linear impedance Converter, the first and second input, the findings of which are connected with the second pins respectively inductive element and a resistor, first and second output conclusions the nonlinear impedance Converter connected respectively with the first and second pins of the second capacitor, the transfer characteristic of the nonlinear transducer impedance is defined by the equation

where i (i_L- the current flowing through the weekend conclusions the nonlinear impedance Converter under current i_lflowing through the inlet conclusions the nonlinear impedance Converter,

I₀- boundary current between the medium passing through the origin, and the side sections of the transfer characteristic,

a and b are real coefficients with opposite signs,

the voltage at the first input the output of the nonlinear transducer impedance is equal to the voltage at the first output of the nonlinear output of the impedance Converter, the voltage at the second input the output of the nonlinear transducer impedance is equal to the voltage at the second output of the nonlinear output of the impedance Converter.

2. Generator is chaotic oscillations according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-linear impedance Converter includes first and second nonlinear two-terminal device and the amplifying element, inverting input, the first input the output of the nonlinear impedance Converter connected to the first output of the first nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh, the second terminal of which is connected to the output of the amplifying element and the first output of the second nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh, the second terminal of which is connected to reinvestiruet input amplification element, the first output output nonlinear impedance Converter, the first nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh includes first and second transistors, the emitters of which are respective first and second findings of the first nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh, the collector of the first transistor is connected to the base of the second transistor and the emitter of the third transistor, the base and the collector of which is connected with the first output of the first resistor, the second terminal of which is connected to the output of the first current generator and the first output of the second resistor, the second terminal of which is connected to the base and collector of the fourth transistor, the emitter of which is connected to the collector of the second transistor and the base of the first transistor, the emitter of which is connected to the output of the second current generator and the first output of the third resistor, the second you are the od which is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, the first output of the second nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh are connected to base and collector of the fifth transistor, the emitter of which is connected to the base of the sixth transistor and the collector of the seventh transistor, the emitter of which is connected to the first output of the fourth resistor, the second terminal of which is connected to the output of the third current generator and the first output of the fifth resistor, the second terminal of which is connected to the emitter of the sixth transistor, the collector of which is connected to the base of the seventh transistor and the emitter of the eighth transistor is connected to base and collector of which are the second output of the second nonlinear dvukhpolosnykh, the collector of the eighth transistor is connected to the output of the fourth current generator and the first output of the sixth resistor, the second terminal of which connected to the collector of the fifth transistor, the amplifying element includes ninth and tenth transistors, bases of which are the respective inverting and reinvestiruet the inputs of the amplifying element, the emitter of the tenth transistor is connected to the fifth output of the current generator and emitter of the ninth transistor, the collector of which is connected to the sixth output of the current generator and the base of the eleventh transistor, the emitter of which being the output of the amplifying element is connected to the output of the seventh current generator common bus first, h is tverdogo and sixth current generators connected to the power bus and the collectors of the tenth and eleventh transistors, the common bus of the second, third, fifth and seventh current generators connected to a common bus, which is the second input and second output conclusions the nonlinear impedance Converter.