Ore pass
 Method for ground surface protection against underflooding during underworking operation performing / 2271448Method involves forming contour trench-like cutoff curtain in ground; creating drainage devices inside the contour and removing water from ground movement trough. The contour trench-like cutoff curtain is arranged along predicted horizontal line of ground surface relief formed after ground subsidence and height mark thereof is higher than that of maximal ground water level in spring. Necessary throughput Q of drainage devices is set on the base of mathematical expressions. |
 Aerial hoisting device / 2270339Hoisting device comprises drive, haulage rope and load container with spherical balloon. The balloon is enclosed in teardrop-shaped shell. The head shell part is directed towards upper horizon, bottom part thereof is opened and provided with stiffening ring and stringers. |
 Method for preparation and excavation of inclined and steep mineral bed / 2270338Method involves delineating blocks along the strike by skids having load and traveling compartments and delineating blocks down the dip with vent and going headings along with dividing horizon into sublevels by forming sublevel drifts; drilling boreholes and injecting weakening reagent for mineral treatment; breaking the blocks into separate chambers and delineating the chambers by rise headings excavated with the use of rodless machines; arranging pillars directly around the rise headings. To provide degassing boreholes are drilled between above pillars and then weakening reagents are injected in the boreholes to perform batchwise pulsed mineral treatment in zones so that untreated pillar is left over going heading and between the chambers. Then the pillars are broken. The weakened mineral is undercut beginning from zone located over going heading along with excavation in the chambers from one or two chamber sides up the dip. Mineral is extracted through remainder part of rise headings in the pillar over going heading. After horizon dividing into sublevels the chambers may be delineated by rise headings extending along the strike at an angle, which provides self-moving of cut mineral under gravity force, wherein the rising headings are cut ahead of sublevel drift bottom with pillars left under and over the sublevel drift. The pillars are then broken by hydraulic monitor so that it is back for at least one chamber of pillar under and over the vent heading. Pillars located between the chambers are broken in parts by drilling blast-holes. Then the blast-holes are charged with explosive and the explosive is blasted to move rock from treated horizon or sublevel. Exhausted chamber is filled with rock by roof rock caving. |
 Underground mining method / 2269003Method involves cutting mineral by hydrocutting machines and headers from face massif in rectangular blocks; putting on metal cases on the blocks to facilitate loading-and-unloading operations and transportation; loading the cut blocks on hauling truck along side previously opened from breakage face side, wherein the truck position is fixed by spacing apart hydraulic post permanently connected to the hauling truck; moving loaded hauling trucks inside breakage face by hauling tracks along channel, V-shaped guiders or guiding rails with the use of haulage cargo winches arranged in berms near conveying tunnels or with the use of independent drives, wherein the conveyance is carried out to conveying and venting tunnels abutting the breakage face; loading mineral blocks from hauling trucks onto wheeled transport platforms without block turning for following transportation. Distance between rail tracks is equal to rail track width to transport blocks on paired wheeled platforms in which locomotive moves along medium track. Working area face is strengthened by individual hydraulic posts and metal hydraulic jacks and metal roof bars or by mechanized face support. The face support has fastening sections including above hydraulic jacks and roof bars, as well as wheel guiding means sections and hydraulic movers with control panel arranged on each fastening section pair. The roof is controlled by partial filling the excavated space with mineral blocks. Distance between neighboring mineral units arranged on one paired wheeled platform and on adjacent platforms may be identical and equal to distance between guiders in breakage heading. Mineral blocks are cut in several rows, wherein depth of slot at seam ground and roof is two times as thickness of mineral blocks to be cut. |
 Method for mineral preparation along with releasing thereof from under-roof layer / 2269002Method involves advancing breakage face in under-roof layer; drilling bores in the under-roof layer and injecting weakening reagent to separate zones through the bores; drilling blind drift in front of the breakage face, wherein the blind drift has length of not less than breakage face length; drilling bores for following weakening reagent injection from the blind bore; additionally boring intermediate bores between above bores for following gas exhausting; performing under-roof layer development so that non-developed bank is left directly above breakage face support; performing stepwise weakening reagent injection into corresponding bores and evacuating gas from intermediate bores; leaving bores filled with weakening reagent for 1-2 days and supplying the weakening reagent into intermediate bores. |
 Method for sloping of configured benches / 2265794The method consists in collaring of inclined holes from the upper bench to be height of a doubled bench, for production of a cut-off slot at formation of the upper inclined part of the bench and contour vertical holes from the intermediate bench to the same depth for formation of the lower vertical part of the bench, loading and blasting. The novelty in the method is in the fact that the drilling of holes of the contour row from the intermediate bench is performed in three stages: initially in the first stage drilled is the part, of inclined holes from the initial to the final point of the section of sloping with one direction of inclination, in the second stage drilled are the inclined holes of the contour row having the same inclination and the same distance between the holes as in the first stage, but in the contrary direction, in the third stage between the mentioned inclined contour holes drilled are vertical contour holes, the inclined holes of the contour row are loaded by a permanent charge from the face to the mouth of the holes, and in the vertical contour holes positioned between the inclined contour holes, the amount of the charge is changed successively from the face to the mouth, corresponding to the minimum distance between the inclined and vertical contour holes at the bottom of the lower bench is the minimum charge in the vertical contour hole, which in proportion with removal from the bottom of the lower bench successively increases, reaching its maximum value at the bottom of the intermediate bench, at the maximum distance between the inclined and vertical contour holes at the bottom of the lower bench the value of the charge in the vertical contour hole from the face to the mouth is changed in the reverse order. |
 Opened cast mining method / 2265723Method involves dividing and successively providing shifting of overlaying hill-shaped rock layers outside the cast by drilling well rings in shifting plane from drilling rooms, wherein the wells extend at an angle enough to initiate layer shifting during sliding surface preparation in rest prism area; placing charges into the wells and blasting thereof in rest prism area; supplying clay mix by its own gravity before sliding surface preparation in upper pressure prism part; blasting well rings in pressure prism area; opening the mine; excavating mineral and overburden rock; developing the cast up to design depth with cast wall building and creating dump of crashed overburden rock at cast contour. |
 Method for cut-and-cover mineral field development / 2265722Method involves performing opencast mining; performing underground preparation and cutting workings; excavating mineral in breakage face; transporting the mineral to day surface in open pits; installing cutting-off support along pillar to be excavated in worked out space at day surface as breakage face moves forward; forming rubble band with waterproofing layer at day surface, wherein rubble band width B is determined as B≥5m, where m is mineral deposit thickness. |
 Method for non-working pit wall forming / 2265126Method involves loosening rock, constructing trap trench along haulage berm under the berm and forming protective rock bank. Trap trench is of triangular shape and one side thereof arranged opposite to main slope of non-working pit wall has inclination angle of not less than 36° and not more than 40°. Horizontal adjustable rebound area panel is left in area extending from lower ledge edge to trap trench contour. Rock loosening within area defined by excavation contours of working ledge and trap trench is performed by simultaneous blasting out blast-holes and trench-forming holes of the first and the second rows. Holes of the first and the second rows are drilled in working ledge and have subdrilling depth equal to trap trench depth and to one-half thereof correspondingly. Distance between the rows is determined from the given relation. |
|
Method for background environmental parameter determination to prevent appearance of emergency conditions in potash mines / 2265125 Method involves performing topographical survey of ground surface; carrying-out detailed exploration of the salt stratum; determining geologic environment conditions, potassium stratum structure and abnormal zone presence in waterproof layer on the base of the detained exploration; estimating hydrogeological development conditions in new mine field areas to be developed; detecting potential technogenic failure zones in above mine field areas located in territories adjoining neighboring mine fields, water pools and flooded mine excavations and in man's impact territories; determining structures of ground, air, surface and underground water in said potential technogenic failure zones; performing radiological survey and investigating bioresources and forest resource objects; working out and implementing environmental actions in the case of above background parameters change. |
 Method of joined development of oil and potassium deposits / 2244107Invention comprises following scheme. Oil is produced from producing wells. Potassium salts are extracted from mines and processed. Solutions are pumped into deep lying porous rock formations preliminarily revealed between oil-bearing and potassium formations. Those porous rock formations are chosen which are located below underlying stone salt. Pumping of solutions is effected through injecting wells until pressure drop in oil-bearing formation is compensated to a value sufficient to prevent deformation in potassium formations, this value being calculated using special math formula. Oil formation is then run while maintaining compensating pressure in chosen porous formation. |
 Method for extraction of massive coal bed / 2244127Method includes driving of layer transporting and ventilation mines along soil and ceiling of bed, in massive and in extracted space, cutting of cleaning mines in cross-section of bed at angle of 27°, mechanized delivery of coal along bed mines to coal furnaces and vertical dropping of coal to furnaces. Extraction of slanted transverse bed is performed along bed diagonals having direction to horizon at angle of 27°, to provide for free sliding of coal without degradation. Delivery of coal from cleaning mine placed at angle of 60° to layer mine, to back field mine is performed by self-delivery from any place of extraction field along layer mine, field coal-lowering mine and field slanting coal furnace, being at angle of 27° to horizon. Field slanted coal furnaces are placed at distance from one another along 20 m normal. Field coal mines in form of fans of three mines are connected on field slanted coal furnaces at distance of fan start from one another of 60 m with output of mines ends to each layer mine of group of three above-lying slanted-transverse layers for whole diagonal length of extraction field at distance between mines outputs along layer soil of 60 m. Ceiling of cleaning mines may be supported without load, utilizing mechanical traction on the side of ventilation furnaces for pressing moveable support tool to layer ceiling. |
 Method for rock-blasting at open-pit mining / 2244252Large-diameter single holes are replaced by a pair of divergent holes of a smaller diameter, in which one hole is always vertical, and the other one is inclined towards the bench; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced with a pair of divergent bundles of parallel converged holes, in which one bundle is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced with a pair of divergent holes of a smaller diameter, in which one hole is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench and positioned in the vertical plane parallel with the first one and distant from it by 1-2 hole diameters; the single holes of the larger diameter are replaced by a pair of divergent bundles of parallel converging holes, in which one bundle is vertical, and the other is inclined towards the bench and positioned in the vertical plane parallel with the first one and distant from it by 1-2 hole diameters. |
 Method for extraction and underground use of coal, method for extraction of disturbed beds, undeground electric energy generator (variants), face scraper conveyor, weld pan for scraper conveyor, coupled chain for scraper conveyor, method for controlling a complex for unmanned coal extraction / 2244829Method for extraction and underground use of coal includes cleaning extraction and dumping of coal, fixing and controlling ceiling and transporting coal along face to drift. On the drift, in moveable generator, coal is pulverized for intensive burning with use of jets in water boiler firebox, where high temperature of steam is achieved (about 1400 C°), enough for decomposition of water on oxygen and hydrogen. These are separated, then oxygen is fed back to jets, and hydrogen is outputted along pipes and hoses in drifts and shaft. Variants of underground generator for realization of this method are provided. Also provided is method for extraction of disturbed coal beds by short faces. It includes extraction and dumping of coal on face conveyor, fixing of ceiling behind combine, moving conveyor line and support sections in direction of cleaning face displacement, control of ceiling with destruction and partial filling. Extraction of coal is performed in short curvilinear faces by long stripes along bed, in straight drive without forwarding drifts, with preservation and reuse of ventilation and conveyor drifts, equipped with mounting manipulator robots, with fixing behind combine by automatically operating support deflectors without unloading and displacing sections in area of coal extraction. Extraction and transporting of coal is performed by fast one-drum combine and curvilinear reloading conveyor, supplying coal to drift conveyor or immediately to underground gas or energy generator placed immediately on drift. Also proposed is face scraper conveyor for realization of said method, wherein pans are made with step along front face profile, greater, than along back one, while forming common line curved towards face with constant curvature. Also proposed is a method for controlling complex for unmanned coal extraction. |
|
Method for building halochambers / 2245699 Method involves tunneling horizontal level working with heading machine on earth surface in the base of old salt spoil heap of salt mine. Steel arch support is used for strengthening the level working. The arches are mounted 1 m far from each other. Pit props and cappings of neighboring arches are connected with ties. Lagging of roof and sides of the working is carried out and dressed space is filled with rubble of lick salt pieces. Then, perforated tubes are laid in soil and covered with crushed salt. Halochamber air is saturated with salt particles by pumping air through the tubes to make sodium chloride concentration in the halochamber air be not less than 0.5 mg/m3. |
 Method for controlling ceiling in lava during extraction of gas-bearing coal beds / 2246006Method includes determining gas potential of extracted bed in limits of extraction area and monitoring of relative gas-escape from extracted bed and of extracted coal with withdrawal of lava from mounting chamber. Value of primary step of main ceiling destruction is set on basis of distance from mounting chamber to point of minimal gas-kinetic coefficient values closest to it, as which coefficient relation of relative gas-escape to bed gas potential bed is taken. Value of destruction step is determined from mathematical relation, considering distance from mounting chamber to closest point of said coefficient minimal values. It is possible to construct a graph of dependence of gas-kinetic coefficient from distance between face and mounting chamber. Portions of extraction field, wherein periodical changes of gas-kinetic coefficient are observed, are related to areas of geological irregularities influence. On basis of decrease of amplitude of maximal oscillations of gas-kinetic coefficient displacement of face to exit of geological irregularities area is detected, and on basis of increase - entrance therein. |
 Underground extraction method / 2246617Method includes use of screw-drilling machine for driving of several first ventilation shafts in ore body and driving several second shafts, while second and each second shaft crosses, at least, one matching first shaft, forming first support walls, supporting ceiling. First supporting ceilings consist of ore body zones between neighboring second shafts, each first support wall has portion of at least one first shaft, passing horizontally through it. Horizontal channels are formed, each of which is placed transversely to matching second shaft between appropriate portions of first shaft, formed in adjacent support walls, for forming of group of continuous ventilation shafts. Second shafts are filled for forming second supporting walls, supporting well ceiling, and first supporting walls are extracted. First ventilation shafts can be made parallel to each other. Second shafts may be directed perpendicularly relatively to first ventilation shafts. In ore body air-outlet and air-inlet ventilation mines can be formed, placed at distance from each other along horizontal line, while first or each first ventilation shaft passes through portion of ore body between air-inlet and air-outlet ventilation mines. Driving of second or each second shaft can be performed by cutting machine, or by drilling or explosive mining. |
 Method for controlling hard-destructible ceiling / 2246618Method includes partial filling of extracted space of side and central mains by filling stripes from lava extracting shafts. At center of semi-lava on the side of massive, wherein next extractive column will be cut, filling shaft is additionally driven, wherefrom full filling of space between central fill stripe and fill stripe on the side of massive is performed. Preparation of next extraction column is performed under protection of erected fill stripes. |
 Method for constructing artificial supports during extraction of steep beds / 2246619Method includes erection of rows of main platforms along bed length in staggered order with length equal or divisible by step value for support displacement, and placing filling material thereon. Along length of main platforms between ceiling and bed soil post support is mounted, upon which filling material is fed. After that between main platforms additional platforms are erected with wedge supporting, and main platforms are rotated counter-clockwise towards pneumatic support and it is displaced for one drive step. During that filling material, while lowering, unwedges wedge support between ceiling and bed soil and forms artificial supports. After that additional platforms are rotated counter-clockwise towards pneumatic support. After movement of cleaning face for two drive steps operations for constructing artificial supports are repeated. Distance between main platforms along bed fall line are selected from mathematical expression. |
 Method for open extraction of steep-falling deposits with internal dump-forming / 2246620Method includes dividing quarry on rows, of which first one is extracted to planned depth with external dump-forming, and extraction of following rows is performed with use of internal dump-forming, placing dug rocks to extracted space of adjacent row with common displacement of dump front with development of mining operations. Second and following rows of quarry are divided on basis of height on extraction levels, extraction of uppermost level is performed with placement of dug rocks in upper dump level of extracted space of adjacent row, using surface transporting communication lines, and during extraction of second extractive level dumping of dump level of inner dump is primarily performed by forming pioneer dump at longitudinal processed edge of quarry, on upper area of which transporting lines are placed and dumping of dump level is performed from there, with descent of mining operations in working area of extractive level profile of upper dump area is altered to provided necessary cargo communications of working horizons of extractive level to dump level, after extraction of extractive level remaining pioneer dump is dug to upper mark of following extractive level, and extraction of following extractive levels is performed analogically, using reformed upper area of pioneer dump. |
FIELD: mining engineering, particularly for underground mining.
SUBSTANCE: ore pass comprises shaft, loading mouth with sieve installed in the mouth, conveyer belts and discharge means. Conveyer belts are connected to the sieve and spaced from ore pass walls. Elastic sealed shells filled with compressed air are fastened to one conveyer belt along conveyer belt length. Located above the shells are protective shields. Minimal distance between conveyer belt and elastic sealed shells is equal to maximal ore piece diameter. Distance h between adjacent elastic sealed shells may be determined from the following mathematical expression: h=do+12, where do is medium ore piece diameter, m. The elastic sealed shells may be formed of rubber cord. Elastic sealed shells may be shaped as pillows, balls or toroids.
EFFECT: increased product quality due to decreased rock reduction ratio.
3 cl, 2 dwg
The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in underground mining mainly ore deposits and kimberlite pipes.
The known method of forming a stream of rock in the ore chutes using its energy (the application for the invention of the Russian Federation 2002103641, E 21 41/00, 2004.02.20). The method includes the preparation of the rock mass to bypass, controlled bypass, the reception of the rock mass on the bottom of the ore passes or intermediate horizons, converting the kinetic energy of falling and accumulated in the ore passes of the rock mass in the mechanical or electrical, according to the invention krupnopanelnoye formation of the flow of physical-mechanical homogeneous rock mass is carried out by the differentiation of its first density, and then granulometric composition, the screw thread of the rock mass being discharged into the ore passes do by using special devices that allow you to create the incident flux of high density which prevents or reduces the collision of fragments of rock from the walls of the ore passes and, in a significant least - her pieces inside a thread that allows you to keep useful kinetic energy of the flow, managed reception falling rocks, which by means of a special device mounted on the axis of ore passes, thread th is Noah mass at the initial moment hits hard working stove element of energy transformation, releasing useful kinetic energy, and then rolls down on the already accumulated a mountain mass, converting the energy of incident and accumulated the rock mass in the primary mechanical and then converting it into a working mechanical (or electrical) energy, providing, for example, crushers, screens, etc. Drawback of this invention is the high degree of crushing return the fulfilled rock mass.
Known ore passes adopted for the prototype (patent RF 2221147, E 21 41/00, 2004.01.10). The ore passes contains the trunk, mouth to boot, outlet, observation window. The barrel of the ore passes are made integral, at least two sections, with the possibility of dismantling. At the mouth of the ore passes installed hopper consisting of a cone and nozzle and is arranged to enter the bore under the action of its own weight. The inlet funnel is 1.01-3.1 section length of the barrel. Cone funnel equipped with hooks on the level of its upper edge. Trunk section can be made integral to the generatrix of the ore passes. The disadvantage of this invention is the high degree of crushing return the fulfilled rock mass.
The technical result of the invention is to reduce the degree of grinding of the rock mass during its pass through the ore passes.
The technical result is achieved by Thu the ore passes, contains the trunk, mouth to boot, the exhaust device according to the invention it is equipped with conveyor belts attached to the roar placed with a gap relative to the walls of the ore passes, and one of them is fixed by the height of the elastic, closed, filled with compressed air membrane and protective aprons above them, and the minimum clearance between the conveyor belt and elastic closed shells is equal to the maximum diameter dmaxpiece of the rock mass, and the distance in height h between adjacent shells is determined by the formula h=dto+12, where dto- the average diameter of the piece of rock mass, m
The invention is also characterized by the fact that elastic closed shell is made from a rubber cord.
The invention is also characterized by the fact that elastic closed shell made in the form of pillows, a sphere or a doughnut.
The application of the proposed device in comparison with the prototype allows to reduce the grinding of the rock mass when bypass it through the ore passes.
The ore passes is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows the ore passes, the section along the line B-B, figure 2 shows the ore passes, the section along the line A-A.
Figure 1 and 2 shows:
1 - load-heading machine;
2 - mouth for download;
3 - compressor for supplying compressed air;
4 - rumble;
- a conveyor belt mounted on the DIN 4;
6, an elastic closed shell, for example of rubber cord, made for example in the form of pillows, a sphere or toroid;
7 - sealed armored hose for supplying compressed air into the elastic closed shell 6;
8 - apron, for example, from a rubber cord attached to the tape 5;
9 - outlet;
10 - the trolley.
The ore passes contains a roar 4 with a fixed conveyor belts 5. One of the tapes 5 fix elastic closed shell 6, which is filled with compressed air bronirovannom hose 7 with the aid of the compressor 3. To prevent the ingress of rock mass joint between the shells 6 and the conveyor belt 5, over the shells 6 fasten the apron 8, for example from rubber cord. The apron 8 is required as the power element, perceiving the shock load from falling pieces of rock mass and the locking sheath 6 at a certain angle, large angle of repose of the rock mass. The gap dmaxbetween the conveyor belt 5 and the casing 6 with compressed air, mounted on the opposite tape 5 is equal to the maximum diameter dmaxpiece of the rock mass, and the distance in height h between adjacent elastic membrane 6 is determined by the formula h=dto+12, where dto- the average diameter of the piece of rock mass, m These provide the minimum return the fulfilled grinding of the rock mass by adjusting the speed of the falling pieces of rock.
The ore passes is as follows. Load-heading machine 1 unloads the rock mass of the bucket in mouth 2 to load the ore passes. The rock mass reaches the roar 4 and then bypassed through the gap between the elastic closed shell 6, is filled with compressed air, and the opposite conveyor belt 5. Due to the accent pieces of rock mass on an elastic closed shell 6 and its friction on the tape 5 speed is reduced fall return the fulfilled rock mass.
Determining a distance between the elastic closed shells by the formula h=dto+12, where dto- the average diameter of the piece return the fulfilled rock mass, provides the most reasonable rate of fall of rock.
Application of ore passes provides the following benefits:
- reducing the degree of grinding of the rock mass;
- reducing the cost of repair of ore passes;
- improving the quality of products.
1. The ore passes that contains the trunk, mouth for loading, discharge device, characterized in that it is equipped with conveyor belts attached to the roar placed with a gap relative to the walls of the ore passes, and one of them is fixed by the height of the elastic, closed, filled with compressed air membrane and protective aprons above them, and the minimum gap between convey the Noah ribbon and elastic closed shells is equal to the maximum diameter d maxpiece of the rock mass, and the distance in height h between adjacent shells is determined by the formula
h=dto+12,
where dto- the average diameter of the piece of rock mass, m
2. The ore passes according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic closed shell is made from a rubber cord.
3. The ore passes according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic closed shell made in the form of pillows, a sphere or a doughnut.