Mode(variants) and an arrangement(variants) of electric supply of predominantly portable electron aids
 Scheme of excitation of lasers on metal fume / 2269850The scheme has n modules linked up to a power source through a charging inductance. Each module has one section of a multisectional high frequency transformer. Each section of the transformer has two primary windings coiled back-to-back and one secondary winding. Each module has also two accumulative condensers, two charging diodes and twp transistor commutators. The accumulative condenser is charged through a corresponding charging diode and a charging inductance from the power source and is discharged through corresponding transistor commutators and primary windings of the section of the multisectional transformer. The shutters of the transistor commutators are linked up through devices matching with the scheme of the starting. The secondary windings of all sections of the multisectional transformer are successively connected and linked up to the outputs of the gas discharge tube. |
 Voltage converter built around combined circuit arrangement / 2269196Proposed converter is built around combined circuit arrangement incorporating three-phase bridge circuit of voltage inverter (with series-interconnected semiconductor devices of IGCT, IGBT, and other types) with one or more series-interconnected single-phase bridge voltage converters (whose semiconductor devices are not interconnected in series)connected to each of its phase outputs. All change-over operations are made in three-phase bridge circuit whose arms form valves with series-interconnected semiconductor devices and which forms output voltage base of converter at low frequency (such as that equal to supply mains frequency). Bridge arms incorporating series-interconnected semiconductor devices having different on/off delay times are changed over by means of switching circuits specially inserted in circuit. |
 Method for stepless ac voltage regulation and its phase variation / 2266608Proposed method for stepless regulation of ac voltage and its phase variation includes conversion of sine-wave voltage by means of inverter into sequence of amplitude- and length-modulated bipolar pulses of much higher frequency followed by their rectification to produce sine-wave voltage of original frequency across output of ripple filter. Its amplitude is proportional to relative pulse length and phase reversal occurs in response to variation in operating phase of synchronous rectifier switches. |
 Method for controlling and protecting insulation of electricity consumers in networks with solidly grounded neutral line / 2265949Leak current through insulation from network voltage in zeroing conductor is let through nonlinear indicator. If large current values are the case, low inner resistance of indicator is received, guaranteeing safe disabling by protective zeroing. To measure resistance of insulation dependence of voltage falling on indicator from insulation resistance is used. |
 Block for controlling thyristor frequency transformer / 2265238Device has microcontroller with an analog-digital converter, realizing operation algorithm of thyristor frequency transformer, three-phase thyristor rectifier, containing throttling valve, thyristor inverter, launch thyristors, LC-contour, voltage and inverter current control nodes for LC-contour, synchronization pulse generator. Non-contact current direction indicator is composed of two Hall indicators, mounted in the gap of magnetic duct, enveloping LC-contour conductor. Hall indicators provide synchronization of operation of control block with frequency of LC-contour and provide automatic support of power value of LC-contour, determined by value of consumed current and actual value of rectifier thyristors opening node. |
 Method for controlling rectifier incorporating shorting-out thyristor (alternatives) / 2264686Proposed method involves delivery of control pulses to phase thyristors at control angle varying in rectifier mode from zero to maximal rectifier-mode angle and supply of control signal continuously or intermittently to shorting-out thyristor at angle equal to maximal control angle of phase thyristors in rectifier mode; transfer to inverter mode inhibits delivery of control signal to shorting-out thyristor, and control angle is varied in steps at maximal angle in rectifier mode amounting to 90 deg.; then angle of control pulses supplied to phase thyristors is enlarged to desired value. Alternative method involves, in addition, delay of angle by value equal to at least maximal possible one in rectifier mode minus switching angle and time margin for minimum repetition period of phase-thyristor control pulses; then angle of control pulses supplied to phase thyristors is increased to desired value. |
 Voltage changer for charging storage capacitor / 2264027Proposed device has power supply, inverter incorporating opposing-current diodes, inductance coil, and capacitor, all constituting resonance-tuned circuit, and load; newly introduced are step-up transformer, voltage multiplier, feedback circuit for output voltage checkup, pulse generator ON/OFF synchronizing circuit, pulse generator, and pulse distribution circuit. |
 Power switch built around mis transistor / 2263393Power switch built around MIS transistor 11 incorporating transistors 1, 2 whose base-emitter junctions are shorted out by resistors 5, 6 and collector-emitter ones, by diodes 3, 4 in cut-off direction has collector of transistor 2 connected to gate of MIS transistor 11, emitters of transistors 1, 2, interconnected, and collector of transistor 1, connected to starting lead of secondary winding 9 of transformer 7, finishing lead of this winding being directly connected to source of MIS transistor 11. In addition, one more secondary winding 10 having lower transformation ratio than secondary winding 9 is newly introduced in transformer 7 and connected to bases of transistors 1, 2. |
 Force key on mis-transistor / 2262799Transformer 5 has additional winding, edge contacts of which are connected to bases of transistors 1 and 2, emitters of which are connected and through resistor 9 are connected to middle point of additional winding, and collector-emitter transfers are linked by diodes 3 and 4 in locking direction. Collector T 1 is connected to start of secondary winding TP 5, end of which is connected to source of MIS-transistor 10, gate of which is connected to collector T 2. |
 / 2262792 |
 Mode(variants) and an arrangement(variants) of electric supply of predominantly portable electron aids / 2269862The aids include at least one active element with three or more electrodes particularly a transistor and using this active element(elements) carry out amplification, conversion or generation (formation) of working electric signals of alternating or direct voltage including broadband signals. The mode and the arrangement for electric supply of predominantly portable electron aids is carried out by way of using at least one a three-electrode active element, amplification, conversion or generation of an electric signal of alternating or direct voltage based on supplying voltage on the clamps of the electron aid, impulse voltage whose on-off time ratio is within the limits of 1,1-20,0 is used as supply voltage. In the second variant of the mode and of the arrangement the impulse voltage has the following parameters: the frequency of impulses is at least one level higher than the maximum frequency of the spectrum of the electric signal of alternating voltage or at least one level less than the minimal frequency of the spectrum of this electric signal, and the duration of the impulse fronts is at least one level less than the magnitude inverse to the maximum frequency of the spectrum of the electric signal of alternative voltage. |
 Device for generation of alternating current passing in load supply circuit / 2510764Invention is attributed to the field of electric engineering and can be used for manufacturing of power supply facilities. Device contains direct voltage source, converter of direct voltage to pulse voltage connected by its inputs to outputs of direct voltage source, converter of pulse voltage to direct voltage connected by its inputs to outputs of converter of direct voltage to pulse voltage connected by its output to the first control input of converter of direct voltage to pulse voltage, direct current stabiliser connected by its first input to output of converter of pulse voltage to direct voltage and by its second input to positive output of direct voltage source, by its first output to one of load outputs and by its other output to negative output of direct voltage source; device contains control circuit connected to its first input to output of converter of pulse voltage to direct voltage by its second input to the second output of direct current stabiliser, by its first output to the second (negative) output of direct voltage source, and by its second output to the second control input of converter of pulse voltage to direct voltage. |
 Method for controlling welding current source with resonance circuit / 2245232Method is used for controlling welding current source 2 with resonance circuit 27 by means of control device 4. Bridge circuit 28 provides power supply to user, namely to welding process, from power source 29. In order to control separate switching members 32 - 35 of bridge circuit 28, preliminarily set switching conditions are maintained. At standard mode device 4 controls bridge circuit 28 according to preset switching conditions following one after another. When change of resistance of user side is detected, device 4 realizes special operation mode at resonance frequency of resonance circuit 27, and bridge circuit is controlled according to switching conditions designed for special mode. |
 Diode rectifier (alternatives) / 2246169Novelty is that rectifier built around diodes 2 through 7 is provided with newly introduced starting-current limiter 10 inserted between midpoint of filter capacitors 8, 9 and neutral point of supply mains. |
 Current inverter / 2246170Proposed current inverter has single-phase bridge built around four transistors and connected to its input leads through filter chokes, as well as compensating capacitor shunting output leads of current inverter; ac leads of mentioned single-phase bridge are connected to output leads of current inverter through switching chokes; collector group of single-phase bridge is connected to emitter group through series circuit set up of capacitor, diode, and second capacitor; thyristor is connected in parallel opposition to diode; cathode of the latter is connected to collector group through series circuit set up of second diode, choke, and resistor; diode anode is connected to emitter group through series circuit set up of diode, second choke, and second resistor. |
 Two-channel three-phase voltage inverter / 2247466Proposed voltage inverter has two identical single-channel three-phase voltage inverters 1, 2. Outputs 3, 4, 5 of inverter 1 and outputs 6, 7, 8 of inverter 2 are connected to unlike-phase and unlike-polarity leads of phase windings 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 of three-phase filter-transformer 15 and their other leads are connected to like-phase and like-polarity leads of primary windings 16, 17 disposed on first leg 18, to leads of windings 19, 20 disposed on second leg 21, and to leads of windings 22, 23 of three-leg magnetic core of three-phase matching transformer assembly 25. Windings 16, 19, and 22 are interconnected in star with neutral brought out and connected to respective windings 9, 11, 13 of filter-transformer 15. Windings 17, 20, 23 are interconnected in delta and connected to respective windings 10, 12, 14 of filter-transformer 15. Outputs of control units 27 and 28 are connected to control inputs of voltage inverters 1 and 2, respectively. Control unit 27 is connected to phase-shift unit 29 and the latter is connected to control unit 28. Equal-waveform and magnitude voltages are applied to like-phase windings 16, 19, 22 and 17, 20, 23 of three-phase matching transformer assembly 25 and these windings carry equal currents. In the process potential difference between single-channel voltage inverters 1,2 and resultant voltages applied to primary windings 16, 19, 22 and 17, 20, 23 of matching unit 26 is built up across windings 9 through 14 of filter-transformer 15. |
 Current inverter / 2249294Proposed current inverter built in the form of single-phase bridge around transistors with series-connected diodes and transistor shunting diodes is provided with newly introduced series circuits of which one incorporates voltage limiter and two resistors, other circuit has voltage limiter, and third one, two resistors, two diodes, and two capacitors. Each series circuit shorts out single-phase bridge built around transistors and connected to input leads through filter chokes. Third series circuit is connected to collector and emitter groups of single-phase bridge transistor through fourth and fifth series circuits, each incorporating diode, resistor, and choke. In case of open circuit in induction heater thyristor is turned on to short out single-phase bridge through capacitor that limits input voltage of inverter in response to thyristor failure. Input voltage of inverter is limited by limiting voltage across first series circuit. |
 High-frequency dc-to-ac transistor converter incorporating electronic protective gear / 2249295Proposed converter is built around off-line voltage inverter that has transistors 1 through 4, back-to-back diodes 5 through 8, transformer 9, and ac voltage component filter incorporating reactor 10, capacitor 11, additional reactor 12, short-circuiting switch 13, and diode 14, all connected at input of mentioned voltage inverter. Control unit 15 has clock generator 16, scaling device 17, control-current pulse shaper 18, and electrical decoupling device 19. Newly introduced in control unit are inhibit location with memory 20 and critical current sensor 21. With such design of control system generation of pulses driving gates of inverter transistors in conduction ceases upon arrival of logical 1 signal shaped by inhibit location and upon disconnection of clock generator, and input of mentioned voltage inverter is shorted out by short-circuiting switch for time equal to characteristic oscillation period of circuit set up by filter capacitor and additional reactor. Converter is characterized in reduced emergency cutoff transient time and also reduced maximal short-circuit current. |
 Method for rearrangement of universal converter / 2249907Proposed converter is, essentially, push-pull pulse converter using high-frequency transformer with two windings on step-down end and three windings on step-up end and voltage modulator for primary windings connected in circuit with neutral brought out; it is built around two transistor switches operating in uncontrolled mode or three ones, in controlled mode of operation. For conducting maintenance and repair operations with power supply from single-phase ~220 V mains or from storage battery with parallel-connected automobile generator this converter can be changed over to dc-to-ac mode of operation (dc/ac mode) or to ac-to-dc conversion mode (ac/dc mode) by changing connection of transformer windings. Rectified voltage ripples at modulator input are proposed to be eliminated by modulation method dispensing with filter capacitors. |
 Method for direct conversion of supply mains voltage / 2250551Proposed method involves change-over of modulator transistor switches in primary windings of matching transformer at time moments recognized by sign of supply mains voltage equiintegral deviation including elimination of low-frequency component from its composition at supply mains frequency. This direct conversion process is supplemented by pulse-width voltage regulation with clock frequency maintained constant at period equal to time step starting from moment when supply voltage crosses zero at varying lengths of modulation time steps. |
 Method and device (rectifier) for ac-to-dc voltage conversion / 2251200Proposed method boils down to dividing each half-cycle of supply mains voltage into n time intervals; dividing source voltage into n equal voltage components including change of their values by definite number of times; separating absolute values of components and changing instant absolute voltage values during each interval by adding instant absolute values of voltage and current components conditioned by absolute values of voltage components. In addition, amplitudes of m or 2m components may amount to 1/2m of remaining ones. Origin of each of n intervals and their quantity are found from relevant formulas. Device implementing this method has power transformer with n or n/2 secondary windings connected, respectively, to n or n/2 rectifying elements. First and second outputs of elements are interconnected by two series circuits set up of n - 1 or (n/2) - 1 diodes and every second output of element is connected to first output of next one through n - 1 or (n/2) - 1 semiconductor switch. Control inputs of switches are connected to control unit. Signals arriving from control unit function to set rectifying element in series and/or parallel mode of operation during each interval of half-cycle. |
FIELD: the invention refers to the sources of electric supply of electron aids whose functioning is carried out on the principles of electronic engineering and/or radio technique.
SUBSTANCE: the aids include at least one active element with three or more electrodes particularly a transistor and using this active element(elements) carry out amplification, conversion or generation (formation) of working electric signals of alternating or direct voltage including broadband signals. The mode and the arrangement for electric supply of predominantly portable electron aids is carried out by way of using at least one a three-electrode active element, amplification, conversion or generation of an electric signal of alternating or direct voltage based on supplying voltage on the clamps of the electron aid, impulse voltage whose on-off time ratio is within the limits of 1,1-20,0 is used as supply voltage. In the second variant of the mode and of the arrangement the impulse voltage has the following parameters: the frequency of impulses is at least one level higher than the maximum frequency of the spectrum of the electric signal of alternating voltage or at least one level less than the minimal frequency of the spectrum of this electric signal, and the duration of the impulse fronts is at least one level less than the magnitude inverse to the maximum frequency of the spectrum of the electric signal of alternative voltage.
EFFECT: decreases electric consumption.
10 cl, 3 dwg
Group of inventions relates to power sources of the electronic means (systems, units, assemblies, devices), the operation which is carried out on the principles of electronics and/or radio [power supply electronic means. Circuitry and design, M.: Hot line - Telecom, 2001, p.4-5], and in particular to methods and devices for power mainly portable electronic and/or electronic means, including at least one active element with three or more electrodes, in particular a transistor, and performing using the specified active element gain, conversion or generation (formation) working electrical signals AC or DC voltage, including broadband signals.
Examples of such electronic tools, systems or devices are, in particular, biotelemetric devices offline use with battery primary power supply, transfer of measured parameters, including underwater and space applications, as well as beacon transmitters alarm and signal systems and other Working electrical signal AC or DC voltage electronic signal is processed or generated by the specified cf is a rotary, for example, low - or high-frequency signal amplifier, generator, transmitter, including a modulated signal (frequency, amplitude, and others), the signal of the DC amplifier.
Do not apply to the proposed invention the means and the power supply electrode active and passive elements and devices, such as thermo - and explosive-emission cathodes, various diodes, including diodes, are used as radiation sources and sensors of physical quantities, physical and chemical apparatus, in particular, electrostatic precipitators, gas-discharge counters, electrochemical technology devices (electroflocculation, electrolyzers, other chemical reactors).
Known power supply electronic means [the power Sources of electronic means. Circuitry and design, M.: Hot line - Telecom, 2001, p.7-9, figure 1.1, in)], involved with the use of at least one three-electrode active element (e.g., transistor) amplification, conversion or generation (formation) of an electrical signal AC or DC voltage, comprising serially connected primary power source of alternating current, a rectifier, inverter Converter rectified DC voltage into a pulse voltage which begins and second rectifier, exit through which the filter is connected to the output terminals of the power source which applies a constant voltage supplied to the load is an electronic tool.
Known also supply electronic means [the power Sources of electronic means. Circuitry and design, M.: Hot line - Telecom, 2001, p.7-9, figure 1.1, d)], involved with the use of at least one three-electrode active element gain, conversion or generation (formation) of an electrical signal AC or DC voltage, comprising serially connected primary power source DC inverter Converter DC voltage pulse and the second rectifier, the output of which through the filter is connected to the output terminals of the power source which applies a constant voltage supplied to the load in the form of electronic means.
It is also known that for any electronic means, even if it consists of a single transistor as the power options you specify a list of values, voltages, power and, if necessary, the stability, that is, in the known devices the power supply to the load (electronic, electronic device) always odesypano voltage (power supply electronic means. Circuitry and design, M.: Hot line - Telecom, 2001, p.4].
From the above mentioned source of information [the power Sources of electronic means. Circuitry and design, M.: Hot line - Telecom, 2001, p.7-9, figure 1.1, C), d), also follows the known methods:
- way power electronic means of carrying out using at least one three-electrode active element gain, conversion or generation of an electrical signal of a variable voltage based on the supply of the power supply terminals of the tool constant voltage power supply;
- way power electronic means of carrying out using at least one three-electrode active element gain, conversion or formation of an electrical signal of constant voltage based on the supply of the power supply terminals of the tool constant voltage power supply.
The above known methods and devices of the power supply are the prototypes of the proposed group of inventions consisting of two variants of the method and two variants of the device.
The disadvantage of the above known methods and devices of the power electronic means is continuous in time consumption of each electronic (electronic) mouth what Alstom power from the power source (of course, in the on state), which causes increased power consumption by electronic means, and, in the case of a limited resource (energy intensity) primary source of electricity in the form of a battery or batteries, reduces work time enabled electronic means and will require more frequent maintenance to replace the primary source of electricity.
To the greatest extent specified drawback is set for portable (offline) electronic, including electronic means, such as radio beacons, biotelemetry devices offline use, including underwater and space applications, etc.
The objective of the proposed group of inventions is the reduction of the use of electronic means of energy from the power supply, increasing resource primary source of electricity such as a battery or galvanic battery, providing more rare servicing of electronic means to replace the primary source of electricity.
The problem is solved using two variants of the method and two variants of the device.
In the first embodiment, the method of power supply mainly portable electronic means of carrying out using at least one three-electrode active element to strengthen the s, conversion or generation of an electrical signal of a variable voltage based on the supply voltage to terminals of the power electronic means, characterized in that as the supply voltage using a pulse voltage.
The way power is mainly portable electronic means in the first embodiment also differs in the fact that used as the supply voltage of the pulse voltage value of the duty cycle of the pulses, in the range of 1.1 to 20.
Furthermore, the method of power mainly portable electronic means in the first embodiment differs in that it is used as a voltage pulse voltage add the following parameters: pulse frequency by at least an order of magnitude higher than the maximum frequency spectrum of the electrical signal is an alternating voltage, or at least the lower frequency range of this electric signal, and the duration of the pulse edge at least on order of magnitude less than, the inverse of the maximum frequency spectrum of the electrical signal is an alternating voltage.
According to the second variant of the method of power supply mainly portable electronic means of carrying out using at least one tradelect is one active element, the gain of the conversion or formation of an electrical signal of constant voltage based on the supply voltage to terminals of the power electronic means, characterized in that as the supply voltage using a pulse voltage.
The way power is mainly portable electronic means on the second version also differs in the fact that used as the supply voltage of the pulse voltage value of the duty cycle of the pulses, in the range of 1.1 to 20.
Furthermore, the method of power mainly portable electronic funds according to the second variant differs in that it is used as a voltage pulse voltage add the following parameters: pulse frequency greater than or equal to 10 Hz, and the duration of the pulse edge is respectively not more than 100 milliseconds.
In the first embodiment, the power source mainly portable electronic means of carrying out using at least one three-electrode active element gain, conversion or generation of an electrical signal of varying voltage and having output terminals and including a DC / DC Converter or AC primary voltage pulse, characterized in that Thu is the Converter output DC or AC primary voltage pulse is connected directly with the output terminals of the power source.
Power supply mainly portable electronic means in the first embodiment also differs in the fact that the duty cycle as one of the output parameters of the Converter DC or AC primary voltage pulse is in the range of from 1.1 to 20.
In addition, the power supply mainly portable electronic means in the first embodiment differs in that the DC / DC Converter or AC primary voltage pulse also has the following output parameters: pulse frequency by at least an order of magnitude higher than the maximum frequency spectrum of the electrical signal is an alternating voltage, or at least the lower frequency range of this electric signal, and the duration of the pulse edge at least on order of magnitude less than, the inverse of the maximum frequency spectrum of the electrical signal is an alternating voltage.
Finally, the power supply mainly portable electronic means in the first embodiment differs in that it is designed with the ability to control the duty cycle of the power supply.
The second option power supply mainly portable electronic means of carrying out using at least one the th three-electrode active element gain, conversion or formation of an electrical signal of constant voltage having output terminals and including a DC / DC Converter or AC primary voltage pulse, characterized in that the output of the specified Converter is connected directly with the output terminals of the power source.
Power supply mainly portable electronic funds according to the second variant differs also by the fact that the duty cycle as one of the output parameters of the Converter DC or AC primary voltage pulse is in the range of from 1.1 to 20.
In addition, the power supply mainly portable electronic funds according to the second variant differs in that the DC / DC Converter or AC primary voltage pulse has the following output parameters: pulse frequency greater than or equal to 10 Hz, and the duration of the pulse edge is respectively not more than 100 milliseconds.
Finally, the power supply mainly portable electronic funds according to the second variant differs in that it is designed with the ability to control the duty cycle of the power supply.
In the existing level of technology not identified technical solutions to the above sovokuplyayuschiesya signs, what can be considered variants of technical solutions with new ones.
The hallmark of independent items of the proposed variants of the method of power supply of electronic means of the above-mentioned purpose, namely electronic means engaged with at least one three-electrode active element gain, conversion or formation (generation) of an electrical signal DC and AC voltage, is used as a voltage surge voltage.
The hallmark of independent items of the proposed options for the device power supply is that the output is available in the prototype Converter DC or AC primary voltage pulse is connected directly with the output terminals of the power source.
These are the main distinguishing features of the proposed technical solutions (variants of the method and device provide power to the electronic pulse (not constant) voltage, provides a mode of electronic means, in which the power consumption of electronic means from the power source occurs only during part of the period of the pulse voltage, namely during the voltage pulse feed is. During the absence of the voltage pulse power energy from the power source is not consumed. That is, there is a reduction in energy consumption from the power source, the power savings. It provides longer continuous operation electronic means from the power source having a limited energy resource (battery, battery), and the increase of the period of maintenance for replacement of the source primary source of DC power (battery or accumulator). Reducing energy consumption is proportional to the duty cycle of the pulse voltage power supply. For any value of the duty cycle greater than one, you receive practical gain in saving elektroenergii. With increasing duty cycle, the win is increased. In particular, when the duty cycle is equal to 10 (ten), the gain is about 10 times. The maximum value of the duty cycle of the pulse power supply is limited to the required accuracy of processing an electrical signal in an electronic medium. In addition, with increasing duty cycle of the pulse width increases the spectrum of an electrical signal electronic means and, consequently, decreases the signal-to-noise ratio that is required to be considered when developing appropriate electronic means, fed by an alternating pulse voltage.
switching power supply when submitting it to the terminals of power source, and means to terminals of the power electronic means, provides the electronic means in carrying out the necessary reforms of the working of an electrical signal, which is confirmed by the almost (see examples of the implementation of the proposed technical solutions).
Introduction in variants of the method and device power above additional distinctive characteristic (dependent claim)consists in the fact that the value of the duty cycle of the pulse power supply is in the range from 1.1 to 20, optimum, including the maximum value of the gain in energy savings. When the duty cycle smaller 1,1, practical win is at a low level and with decreasing values of the duty cycle approaches zero. At duty cycle 20 more, the accuracy of processing the electrical signal in an electronic medium becomes less than 5-10%.
Introduction in variants of the method and device power yet and the other above-mentioned additional features, i.e. the setting of the above-mentioned ratios between the values of the frequency and duration of the front pulse and the voltage values of the frequency spectrum of the working of an electrical signal electronic means, ensures that there is no influence of the pulse voltage is of power to the electrical signal, which is processed (formed) by electronic means. The resulting explode (split frequency) spectrum of the pulse voltage and the working range of the electrical signal provides, if necessary, further filter the unnecessary spectrum of the supply voltage. For example, when receiving a radio signal from the portable electronic device, fed by the proposed method can be filtered from the useful signal frequency is known in advance spectrum of the pulsed supply voltage.
The use specified in the previous paragraph is an additional distinctive characteristic, the essence of which consists in passing frequency spectrum of a pulse power and frequency spectrum of the working of an electrical signal electronic means, not necessarily in those cases, when the form of a working electrical signal electronic media makes no demands and just having it work electrical signal. Such cases include the use of a pulsed power supply, such as beacons, as well as in biotelemetric alarm systems about changes of physiological parameters of the patient.
The execution of the power source with the ability to control its duty cycle pulse is law, due to the presence of quantization (discrete) electrical signal electronic means with a pulse power supply, allows the use of such electronic means in systems dealing with pulsed flow of working signals (digital systems), for example, in a digital computing device. The management of the duty cycle in accordance with the algorithm the results of operation of the digital complex or consumption of electricity from the power supply provides automatic optimal choice of parameters of the pulsed power from the point of view of maximizing or maintaining at a constant level of energy saving power and/or resource power.
Technical solutions containing the above-mentioned combination of distinctive features and aggregate restrictive and distinctive features that are not revealed in the known prior art that, while achieving the above technical result allows to consider the proposed technical solutions involve an inventive step.
The group of inventions is illustrated by drawings:
figure 1 - block diagram of the power supply connected to the electronic means;
figure 2 - shape of the pulse voltage;
figure 3 - scheme managed pulsed power supply.
The source is electroputere 1 includes a primary power source 2, performed, for example, in the form of a battery or accumulator 3 and the generator 4 pulse power supply. The output of the primary power supply 2 is connected to the input of the pulse generator 4 power supply whose output is the output of the power source 1. At the output of the source 1 power supply has output terminals 5, 6. At terminal 5 applies a positive value of the pulse voltage (+Ep), terminal 6 is connected to the housing 7 of the device ("earth") or it has a negative value of the pulse voltage (-Ep). The power source 1 may have a control input 8 (terminal 9)to which, if necessary, control voltage (Upanelto change the parameters of the pulse voltage power supply current at the output terminals 5, 6 source 1 power supply. The control input 8 of the source 1 power is also managing generator input 4 pulse power supply.
The primary power source 2 is used to supply DC power to the generator 4 pulse power supply.
An electronic tool 10, fed from the source 1 power supply has an output 11 of the working of an electrical signal (Uo). If necessary, an electronic tool 9 has an input 12 of the working of an electrical signal (UI), for example, islandsto 10 is not a generator, and steering signals. An electronic tool 10 has terminals 13, 14 for supplying voltage to them power. The power terminal 13 of the electronic means 10 is connected to terminal 5 of the power source 1 and the terminal 14 respectively to terminal 6.
Form a unipolar pulsed voltage power supply 15 is shown in figure 2, where the abscissa axis 16 represents time t and the ordinate axis 17 - EMF that is, the supply Voltage has the form of pulses with amplitude Ep.Each of the pulses has a duration τutiwith front and rear fronts τFR. The pulses follow each other with a period of T. the Frequency f of the pulse power is inversely proportional to the period T.
Shown in figure 3 scheme managed pulsed power supply contains a power supply 1 and an electronic tool 10, United with each other as described above and shown in figure 1. In addition, this diagram provides a schematic diagram of the power supply 1, and the inside of the unit 10 electronic means in the form of amplifier or generator voltage shows a portion of the emitter cascade, made in the form of transistor 18. This emitter cascade performs in an electronic medium role, in particular, amplifier working electrical signal electronic means. Between the emitter of the transistor 18 and the housing vklucheny parallel connected resistor 19 and capacitor 20. The connection point of the emitter of transistor 18 and a resistor 19 and a capacitor 20 connected to the output 21 of the electronic means, connected in turn to the input 22 analog-to-digital Converter (ADC) 23. The output 24 of the ADC 22 is connected to the input 25 digital potentiometer (EP) 26 whose output 27 is connected to terminal 9 and respectively to the input 8 of the source 1 power supply.
Power supply 1 in the circuit controlled pulsed power supply (figure 3) as the primary power source 2 contains the battery 3 that supplies a constant voltage to the pulse generator power supply 4. Schematic diagram of the pulse generator 4 power supply (figure 3) is a stable generator of voltage pulses comprising a standard oscillator, made on the unijunction transistor (dwuhrazovom diode) 28 and the transistor 29 in the diode-connected, and the compensation voltage regulator with micro-power consumption (transistors 30-33) and the support element on the transistor 34 in the diode-connected. The emitter 35 of the transistor 29 of the standard oscillator is connected to the negative bus 36 source 1 power supply, connected to each other manifold 36A and the base 37 of the transistor 29 through a resistor 38 is connected to the positive bus 39 source 1 power supply and through a capacitor 40 with the base 41 Tran who istora 28, which through the resistor 42 is connected with the positive bus 39. The collector 43 of the transistor 28 through a resistor 44 is connected to positive bus 39 and the emitter 45 through a resistor 46 is connected with the negative bus 36 to the power supply. Negative bus 36 source 1 power supply is connected to output terminal 6 of the source 1. The emitter 45 of transistor 28 connected in series through a capacitor 46 and a resistor 47, 48 is connected with the positive bus 39 to the power supply. When this resistor 46 and capacitor 46B are timing circuit model of the oscillator, which determines the duty cycle of the power source output 1 power supply. The connection point between the resistors 47, 48 is the output 49 of the standard oscillator, which is connected to the base 50 of the transistor 30 of the compensation voltage stabilizer. The emitter 51 of transistor 30 is connected to positive bus 39 source 1 power supply and the collector of the pass transistor 33. The collector 53 of transistor 30 is connected to the collector 54 and the base 55 of transistor 31 through a resistor 56 is connected to the emitter 57 of transistor 32. The emitter 58 of transistor 31 is connected to the base 59 of the transistor 32, which through a resistor 60 is connected with the negative bus 36 source 1. The collector 61 of transistor 32 is connected to the base 62 pass transistor 33 and the emitter 63 t is ancestor 34. The collector 64 and the base 65 of transistor 34 is connected to the negative bus 36 source 1 power supply. Between the emitter 66 of the transistor 33 and the base 65 of transistor 34 is enabled, the resistor 67 and the emitter 66 pass transistor 33 is connected with output terminal 5 source 1 power supply. The transistor 31 in the diode is turned on and the transistor 32 is a buffer cascade compensation voltage stabilizer. The transistor 33 is a pass transistor of the regulator, adjustable signal coming from the collector 61 of transistor 32. The factor of stabilization described compensation of the voltage regulator is of the order of 1000. Resistor 67 - high resistance load resistor (1-2 Mω) source 1 power supply.
The connection point between the emitter 45 of transistor 28, a resistor 46 and capacitor 46B is a control input 8 of the source 1 power supply.
Transistor 28 type CT, transistors 30 and 32 is of the type GT. As the other transistors (29, 31, 33, and 34), we used the matrix 217 or 198 series. As EP 26 used eight-bit digital potentiometer type AD8400, and as the ADC 23 - AD7476.
You should pay attention to the fact that at the output of the source 1 power supply included no parallel to the source output capacitor, as it is necessary at normal power supply constant voltage[see, for example, descriptions of inventions: patent RF №2150170 - condenser 4 and the RF patent №2105346 - ultracapacitor 9].
An example of another concept of the oscillator on the unijunction transistor 28 is a famous model schema [Dvukhmodovye diodes in automation, Library automation, VIP, M.: Energy, 1972, p.31, Risa)].
The role of the control input 8 of the power source 1 can be performed, in particular, the knob of the variable resistor included in the corresponding oscillator circuit 4 pulses of power that sets the frequency of the pulse generator and a pulse frequency of power supply. In the embodiment, the power source, are presented in figure 3, the role of this variable resistor can perform resistor 46.
The primary power source 2 may be made in the form of a battery or battery 3, and a rectifier, the input of which is supplied with alternating voltage from the power supply (not shown).
In another, not shown in the drawings, the performance of schemes managed pulsed power supply instead of the digital potentiometer 26 may be used to analog Converter (DAC).
If necessary, the pulse voltage power supply 15 (figure 2) can be bipolar, then it looks like the following one after another impul the owls, symmetric about the x-axis 16, i.e. having both a positive and negative supply voltage (form such a pulse voltage not shown).
Electronic tool 10 in the first example implementation of the invention of figure 1 is the amplifier working electrical signal frequency of 100 kHz. Source 1 power supply in one of the modes is configured to formirovanie pulsed power supply with the following parameters: the period T of the pulses of 4 MS duration τuti0.5 MS, the duration of the pulse fronts τFRless than 1 µs, duty cycle equal to 8, the frequency f of the pulse of 250 Hz. The magnitude of the supply voltage (the amplitude of the pulse power) EPete6.5 V battery 9 Century, the frequency of the pulse power supply f (250 Hz), 400 time (more than an order of magnitude) less than the frequency of the working signal (100 kHz). The duration of the pulse (1 MS) 10 times, i.e. on the order of magnitude less than that is opposite to the frequency of the working signal (1/100000 Hz = 10 µs).
Such a device with a power source, shown in figure 1, operates, and how power electronic means 10 is as follows.
Powered by 2 primary power generator 4 pulse power supplies switching power supply figure 2) with the set duty cycle to terminal 13 of the power electronic amplifier signals 10, which provides amplification at the input 12 of the amplifier 10 of the working signal and made an amazing pass it to the output 11 of the electronic means. The win on power consumption compared to the power amplifier 10 DC voltage proportional to the magnitude of the duty cycle of the pulse power supply (multiple wins).
In the second example implementation of the invention, the electronic means 10 used in the sensor unit remote control the efficiency of running on as the USSR №1257678. The frequency of the working signal ranges from zero to 100 Hz. The parameters of the pulse power supply similar to the above for the first example implementation of the invention, except for the pulse frequency, which is set to 1100 Hz, which is more than an order of magnitude greater than the maximum frequency of the working signal (100 Hz). In this example, the current consumption of the battery 3 with no load (electronic funds 10) is 1.1 mA enabled load (electronic tool 10 of the sensor unit of the apparatus for determining the efficiency of running on A.S. 1257678) is 1.6 mA. Consumption of specified electronic means 10, made by A.S. 1257678, when the DC power voltage is 10 mA. Therefore, by replacing the constant voltage impulse voltage appears more than six times the neck is the benefit for current consumption.
In the third example, the implementation of the proposed device as an electronic means 10 performs analog amplifier working electrical signal having a form of constant component varying with a frequency of less than one Hertz. The frequency of the pulse power utanovleny equal in one case, 6 Hz, in another case, a 15 Hz pulse ratio in the range of from 1.1 to 20, and duration of the pulse edge 80 MS. In this case, when the duty cycle of the pulse power is equal to 5 obtained in comparison with the constant power gain in power consumption 3.5 times, and when the duty cycle of pulses equal to 15, 9 - fold in both these frequency pulse power supply.
Appearing in the spectrum of the working of an electrical signal at the output 11 of the electronic means 10 spectral component of the pulse power supply, the corresponding parameters of the pulse power supply (in particular, the pulse frequency of 1100 Hz or 6 Hz), if necessary, may be filtered using installed at the output 11 of the filter (not shown). Typically, for example, in the control device of biomedical parameters of the person, as a rule, there are filters that produce working range of an electrical signal electronic means (filter 5 in figure 1 to the description on the as of the USSR №1257678). When using the pulse is wow power supply for electronic funds 10, where a consumer working signal electronic means are not important parameters of the spectrum of this signal, and it is important the presence of this signal (e.g., a beacon, signalling alarm and others), does not require filtering of signal component made it pulsed power supply. For such electronic means may be full or partial coincidence of the spectra of the working of an electrical signal and a pulsed power supply.
The power supply in figure 3 in a static mode, i.e. when a predetermined value of the duty cycle of the pulses, works same as above for electronic means of figure 1. The difference is the possibility of changing the duty cycle of the pulse power supply depending, in particular, the magnitude of the current consumed by the electronic tool 10. Increasing the current increases the voltage across the resistor 19, the emitter cascade performed on the transistor 18. Accordingly increases the voltage at the input of the ADC 22 and 23, resulting in a change in the appropriate direction, the value of the digital code at the output 24 of the ADC 23 and input 25 digital potentiometer 26. Accordingly increases the value of the output resistance of the digital potentiometer 26, connected in parallel to the resistor 46 in frameshadow the th circuit model of the oscillator, performed on the transistor 28 typical oscillator power supply. This increases the time constant of timing circuit model of the oscillator and accordingly increases the magnitude of the pulse ratio power supply current at terminals 13, 14 electronic means 10. Thus, if you increase the amplitude of the working of the electric signal e tools 10 increases the duty cycle of the power supply, there is constant power from the power source.
When reducing the current consumed by the electronic tool 10, there is a reduction of the voltage across the resistor 19 and, further, reduces the voltage at the input of ADC 22 23 changes in the appropriate direction, the value of the digital code at the output 24 of the ADC 23 and input 25 digital potentiometer 26, reduced the value of the output resistance of the digital potentiometer 26, connected in parallel to the resistor 46 typical oscillator and the time constant of timing circuit model of the oscillator. The result is a decrease in the duty cycle of the pulse power supply electronic means 10. That is, when the reduction of the working amplitude of the electric signal e tools 10 decreases the duty cycle is electroputere and also is maintained at a constant level, the power from the power source.
1. The way power is mainly portable electronic means of carrying out using at least one three-electrode active element gain, conversion or generation of an electrical signal of a variable voltage based on the supply to terminals of the power electronic pulse voltage, wherein the pulse voltage value of the duty cycle of the pulses, in the range of 1.1 to 20.
2. The way power is mainly portable electronic tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulsed supply voltage add the following parameters: pulse frequency greater than or equal to 10 Hz, and the duration of the pulse edge is, accordingly, not more than 100 milliseconds.
3. The way power is mainly portable electronic means of carrying out using at least one three-electrode active element gain, conversion or generation of an electrical signal of a variable voltage based on the supply to terminals of the power electronic pulse voltage, wherein the pulse voltage add the following parameters: pulse frequency at least one order of magnitude higher than the maximum frequency spectrum of the electric is ignal AC voltage or at least one order of magnitude lower than the minimum frequency of the spectrum of this electric signal, and the duration of the pulse edge, at least one order of magnitude less than the magnitude of the inverse of the maximum frequency spectrum of the electrical signal is an alternating voltage.
4. The way power is mainly portable electronic tool according to claim 3, characterized in that the pulsed supply voltage add the following parameters: pulse frequency greater than or equal to 10 Hz, and the duration of the pulse edge is, accordingly, not more than 100 milliseconds.
5. Power supply mainly portable electronic means of carrying out using at least one three-electrode active element gain, conversion or generation of an electrical signal of alternating voltage comprising a DC / DC Converter or AC primary voltage pulse, the output of which is connected directly with the output power supply terminal, wherein the duty cycle as one of the output parameters of the Converter DC or AC primary voltage pulse is in the range from 1.1 to 20.
6. Power supply mainly portable electronic tool according to claim 5, characterized in that it is Olsen with the ability to control the duty cycle of the power supply.
7. Power supply mainly portable electronic tool according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the Converter DC or AC primary voltage pulse has the following output parameters: pulse frequency greater than or equal to 10 Hz, and the duration of the pulse edge is, accordingly, not more than 100 milliseconds.
8. Power supply mainly portable electronic means of carrying out using at least one three-electrode active element gain, conversion or generation of an electrical signal of alternating voltage comprising a DC / DC Converter or AC primary voltage pulse, the output of which is connected directly with the output terminals of the power source, wherein the DC / DC Converter or AC primary voltage pulse has the following output parameters: pulse frequency at least one order of magnitude higher than the maximum frequency spectrum of the electrical signal is an alternating voltage, at least one order of magnitude lower than the minimum frequency of the spectrum of this electric signal, and the duration of the pulse edge, at least one order of magnitude less than the magnitude of the inverse of the maximum frequency spectrum of the electric sea is Nala AC voltage.
9. Power supply mainly portable electronic tool of claim 8, characterized in that it is arranged to control the duty cycle of the power supply.
10. Power supply mainly portable electronic tool of claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the Converter DC or AC primary voltage pulse has the following output parameters: pulse frequency greater than or equal to 10 Hz, and the duration of the pulse edge is, accordingly, not more than 100 milliseconds.