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Multipole heavy-current low-voltage vacuum circuit breaker

IPC classes for russian patent Multipole heavy-current low-voltage vacuum circuit breaker (RU 2265254):

H01H33/66 - Vacuum switches

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Multipole heavy-current low-voltage vacuum circuit breaker / 2265254
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FIELD: low- and high-voltage apparatuses including vacuum circuit breakers.

SUBSTANCE: proposed multipole heavy-current low-voltage vacuum circuit breaker has housing, mainly three vacuum arc-control chambers disposed in same plane, pressure springs, making electromagnet with pusher, breaking electromagnet, disconnecting spring, spring-loaded latch, shaft rigidly coupled with levers for fixing movable-contact rods of vacuum arc-control chambers, leverage incorporating spring, and trip-free mechanism; leverage is made in the form of spatial hinged-lever mechanism whose first link is rigidly coupled with shaft whose extension carries pin-mounted connecting rod; other pin of connecting rod is perpendicular to first one and functions to couple connecting rod with remaining links disposed in same plane; trip-free mechanism and making electromagnet axis are disposed in same plane which is parallel with location plane of vacuum arc-control chambers and is disposed in front of them. Second design alternate of circuit breaker has flat section of leverage incorporating second-order lever whose short arm is coupled with connecting rod through pin and long one is coupled with link whose other end is hinged to trip-free mechanism; spring-loaded latch is provided with two relatively perpendicular ledges, each ledge being parallel with butt-end of making electromagnet pusher, and link axis forms acute angle with this ledge. Third design alternate is characterized in that trip-free mechanism has disconnecting lever, link hinged to leverage, and shaft provided with slot; this shaft is mounted for turning and is provided with rod and force adjuster; shaft rod is coupled with breaking electromagnet armature, spring, and force adjuster; disconnecting lever is installed for resting on shaft and for passing through shaft slot whose width is not smaller than lever thickness and whose depth ensures lever turning with shaft turn and its passage through slot.

EFFECT: improved design.

6 cl, 7 dwg

The invention relates to low-voltage and high-voltage devices and can be used in vacuum circuit breakers.

Known technical solution, in which low-voltage multi-pole high-current vacuum circuit breaker includes a housing, mainly three vacuum arcing chamber, located in the same plane, spring preload, comprising an electromagnet with plunger tripping electromagnet, breaking the spring, a spring-loaded latch shaft is rigidly associated levers for fixing rods movable contact of the vacuum arc quenching chambers, a lever transmission containing the spring, and the mechanism of a free trip (Patent of Russia №2081468, IPC H 01 H 33/66, priority from 12.07.1994 year). In the known technical solution, the location of the linkage and mechanism of a free trip across the plane of the location of the arc chambers leads to an empty, blank spaces above the electromagnet on and laterally from him and drive elements. The dimensions of the drive low-voltage circuit breakers are determined mainly by the arrangement of its parts and has become a significant factor for expanding the possibilities of its application and, therefore, it is necessary to efficiently use the volume switch. Known technical solution may not provide the opportunity for the awn disable high current circuits in the stage of inclusion when triggered any of the protections, that is a necessary quality for a circuit breaker. In the known technical solution, the number of transmission links of the toggle-jointed drive from the contact shaft to latch low, therefore, the angle between the longitudinal axis of the link, interacting with the latch and thrust surface of the latch must also be small to sent their efforts on breaking lever were quite small for normal operation of the electromagnet off. But under these conditions, extremely high must be accurate keeping the size of this angle, as the slightest changes cause significant changes of the forces transmitted from the contact springs and springs off on off lever, which greatly affects the response time of the switch. When the real values of the contact efforts and tripping springs scheme almost unusable.

Known actuator vacuum circuit breaker, which contains includes an electromagnet with plunger tripping electromagnet, breaking the spring, a spring-loaded latch shaft is rigidly associated levers, lever transmission containing the spring, and the mechanism of a free trip. In this device linkage made in the form of a three-tier system two shoulders of levers, connected by an intermediate link, and the mechanism freely what about the trip is made in the form of a three-stage system of levers, two stages of which are made in the form of "broken" links (A.S. USSR №518816, IPC N 01 N 33/66 published 25.06.76 year). In the known technical solution by way of influencing the mechanism of a free trip is Islamiyya links to position at least a straight line. It is obvious that the effort required to do this will have the maximum value at the initial moment of islomania links, and then to fall almost to zero when the levers are on the same line. The traction characteristics of the electromagnets has an inverse relationship, namely, the maximum force is generated at the end of the anchor. Therefore, in this technical solution applied significant reduction efforts through the use of a large number of transmission links. Linkage contains a large number of parts which are located across the plane of the location of the arc chambers, which increases the dimensions of the switch and reduces the possibility of its application.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed technical solution is a solution in which a low-voltage multi-pole high-current vacuum circuit breaker includes a housing, mainly three vacuum arcing chamber, located in the same plane, spring preload, comprising an electromagnet with plunger, which disables e is tromagnet, breaking the spring, a spring-loaded latch shaft is rigidly associated levers for fixing rods movable contact of the vacuum arc quenching chambers, a lever transmission containing the spring, and the mechanism of a free trip ( Patent of Russia №2145746, IPC N 01 N 33/66, the priority of 24.06.1998 year). In the known technical solution of the vacuum chamber, the lever actuator and solenoid inclusions are located along the axis of the vacuum chamber, and the mechanism of a free trip across the plane of arrangement of the vacuum chamber. This solution reduces the dimensions in the width, but significantly increases the dimensions in height, which significantly reduces the scope of such a switch.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the dimensions of the switch while extending its functionality and improved reliability and performance.

For this purpose low-voltage multi-pole high-current vacuum switch comprising a housing, mainly three vacuum arcing chamber, located in the same plane, spring preload, comprising an electromagnet with plunger tripping electromagnet, breaking the spring, a spring-loaded latch shaft is rigidly associated levers for fixing rods movable contact of the vacuum arc quenching chambers, a lever transmission containing the spring, and echanism free trip, leverage is made in the form of spatial articulated lever mechanism, the first link of which is rigidly associated with the shaft of the lever, the end of which the axis is attached to the connecting rod, the other axis of the rod perpendicular to the first axis and connects the rod with the rest of the links located in the same plane; in the same plane are the mechanism of a free trip and axle including an electromagnet, this plane is parallel to the plane of arrangement of the vacuum chamber and is in front of them; the flat portion of the linkage consists of a second class lever, the short arm through which the axis is connected with the rod, and the long arm connected to the link, the second end which is pivotally connected with the mechanism of a free trip, a spring-loaded latch is provided with two mutually perpendicular edges and positioned so that in the on position of the switch mentioned hinge rests on one of the ledges, and this ledge is parallel to the end face of the pusher includes an electromagnet, and the axis of the link is with them an acute angle, and the mechanism of a free trip consists of a tripping lever, a link, pivotally connected to the lever mechanism, a roller having a groove that is installed with the possibility of rotation and provided with a rod and control efforts, and the rod of the roller is connected with the anchor electron is gnite off, spring and control efforts, the breaking lever is installed with the possibility of relying on the roller and passing through the groove of the roller, which has a width not less than the thickness of the lever, and depth, allowing you to turn the roller lever and the passage of the lever through the slot, a lever of the second kind and the articulated link-arm mechanism with which the lever is articulated, in the place of articulation is made as a pair of forks, one of which is covering, and the other covered connecting axis, the spring lever mechanism is designed as a torsion spring and is placed in the cavity covered plugs and covers the axle, the connecting arm of the second kind and the link lever mechanism, one working the rest of the spring rests on the lever of the second kind, and the other link of the articulated lever mechanism, the lever of the second kind has in place of articulation of the rod slot, which is placed on the axis of the rod.

Figure 1 shows the kinematic diagram of the switch, for clarity, the lever connecting shaft rod is shown with a gap.

Figure 2 shows a flat portion of the articulated linkage and mechanism of a free trip in the on position (the arrows show the direction of rotation of the latch).

Figure 3 shows the same in the " off " position (the arrows show the direction of rotation of the tripping lever).

Figure 4 - the same, when the circuit breaker is in the process of inclusion.

Figure 5 shows the position of the torsion spring coupling lever of the second kind and link in the expanded condition and attachment of the rod in the slot of the lever of the second kind.

Figure 6 depicts a top view of the roller with a groove.

Figure 7 shows the connecting rod and its component parts.

Low-voltage multi-pole high-current vacuum switch contains three are located in the same plane as the vacuum interrupter chamber 1, spring preload 2, the rod 3 is movable contacts which are attached to the rigidly connected to the shaft 7 by means of the levers 4, 5 and 6, the levers 4 and 5 made two shoulders, breaking the spring 8 connected with the lever 4, the electromagnet enable 9 with the plunger 10, the latch 11 and a spring 12 having a ledge 13, parallel to the end face of the pusher 10 and the ledge 14, perpendicular to it, leverage is made in the form of spatial articulated lever mechanism and consists of rigidly connected with the shaft 7 two shoulders of the lever 5, the connecting rod 15 whose axes 16 and 17 are mutually perpendicular, the second class lever 18, link 19, the torsion spring 20, covering the axis 21 and located inside the cavity of a second class lever 18, which is inserted into the cavity of the link 19, and the mechanism of a free trip associated with the electromagnet off 22 and consists of a tripping lever 23 and link 24, which Shamiram connected to a link 19 linkage, the roller 26 with the rod 27, a spring 28 and a controller 29, and the electromagnet inclusion, links and levers 18, 19, 23, 24 and roller 26, the components of the flat portion of the lever mechanism, and the mechanism of a free trip are located in one plane parallel to the plane of arrangement of the vacuum chamber and perpendicular to the plane of movement of the lever 5.

The switch works as follows.

The switch plunger 10 of the electromagnet enable 9 pushes the hinged connection 25 down. Under the influence of this tripping lever 23 is pressed against the platen 26, and the link 19 transmits motion to the second class lever 18 and through the connecting rod 15 and connected with the shaft 7, the levers 4, 5 and 6 moves the movable contact of the vacuum chamber 1 in the direction of inclusion. After the full integration of the contacts when the spring preload 2 provide the necessary force, swivel 25 is at the level of the ledge 13 of the latch 11. Under the action of the spring 12, the latch 11 is rotated clockwise until it touches the ledge 14 with swivel 25. After removal of the voltage from the solenoid enable 9, the pusher 10 moves up and swivel 25 is fixed ledges 13 and 14 of the latch 11. The mainstreaming process is complete.

Consider the process off when the switch is turned on. The rod 15 FOTS is inimal efforts from the breaking of the spring 8 and the spring preload 2 and passes them to the second class lever 18, they reducyruet and passes through the links 19 and 24 on the tripping lever 23, tending to rotate it counterclockwise. When this latch 11 perceives the vertical component of the efforts transmitted by the link 19, thereby providing another level of reduction efforts. When the circuit breaker is switched on, the electromagnet off 22 and rotates the platen 26 so that the tripping lever 23 disengages from him, is rotated counterclockwise, passing through engagement with it, is rotated counterclockwise, passing through the groove in the shaft, and provides movement of the entire arm mechanism. Swivel 25 slides along the ledge 13 spring latch 11 to the left and outside its limits, deprive the stop lever system, which under the action of the breaking of the spring 8 moves upward, it moves the movable contact of the vacuum chamber 1 and the interruption of high current circuit. Simultaneously, the link 19 under the action of the torsion spring 20 is rotated clockwise around the rolling axis 21 to lock the hinge 25 in the side cut of the latch 11. This tripping lever 23 is rotated clockwise, passing through the groove of the roller 26, and is returned to its original position. After removal of the voltage tripping electromagnet 22, the roller 26 under the action of the spring 28 returns to source the e position. The shutdown process is complete.

If in the process of integrating triggered one of the high-current protection circuit, the shutdown process begins prior to the completion of the process of inclusion. When the electromagnet enable voltage is applied to disable the electromagnet 22 and the rotation of the roller 26 tripping lever 23 frees the entire lever system, swivel 25 slides over the plunger 10 to the left and outside its limits, deprive the stop lever system. The process is the same as when you disconnect from the switched position.

Performing linkage in the form of spatial articulated lever mechanism, almost all parts of which are located in one plane parallel to the plane of arrangement of vacuum arc chambers, and the other elements provide the reversal mechanism in this plane required for the reduction and transfer of effort and reduce the overall dimensions of the device while maintaining its reliability and performance. The rod with mutually perpendicular axes necessary to ensure spread the flat side of the engine and transmission. Swivel bearings necessary to remove the load, turning the axis of the rod. The placement of the electromagnet and the inclusion mechanism of a free trip in the plane of arrangement of the flat part of prostranstve is the first articulated lever mechanism is necessary to increase the density filling space inside the switch, and therefore, reducing its dimensions. The implementation of the spring lever mechanism in the form of torsion springs and placing it inside the cavity of a lever placed inside the cavity of the link also allows you to reduce the size of the switch. The execution of the latch ledge parallel to the end face of the pusher including an electromagnet and a tilt link 19 at an acute angle to the end face of the plunger is required to improve the reliability of operation when the circuit breaker from any position. Because the surface of the emphasis on the spring latch and the end face of the pusher are made parallel to each other, there is no fundamental differences in the transmission of forces on the tripping lever when replacing the surface of the stop surface of the pusher. So if you want to disable in the process of turning roller tripping lever will release the entire lever system as well as when you disconnect from the switched position.

The execution mechanism of a free trip in the form of a tripping lever and the roller with the groove when the simple design and small dimensions provides, if necessary, the circuit breaker is already in the process of inclusion, and stable, easily adjustable amount of force engagement and, as a consequence, the stable time of the circuit breaker, and therefore, high reliability of its slave is when you disconnect from any position. The total reduction effort provided in the proposed spatial articulated lever mechanism and the mechanism of a free trip, enough for low-power electromagnet off, which also reduces the overall dimensions of the switch.

1. Low-voltage multi-pole high-current vacuum circuit breaker, comprising a housing, mainly three vacuum arcing chamber, located in the same plane, spring preload, comprising an electromagnet with plunger tripping electromagnet, breaking the spring, a spring-loaded latch shaft is rigidly associated levers for fixing rods movable contact of the vacuum arc quenching chambers, a lever transmission containing the spring, and the mechanism of a free trip, characterized in that the linkage is made in the form of spatial articulated lever mechanism, the first link of which is rigidly associated with the shaft of the lever, the end of which the axis is attached to the connecting rod, the other axis of the rod perpendicular to the first axis and connects the rod with the rest of the links located in the same plane, in the same plane are the mechanism of a free trip and axle including an electromagnet, this plane is parallel to the plane of arrangement of the vacuum chamber and is ahead of them.

2. Low voltage Megapolus the th high-current vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting rod is made of welded and consists of two flat plates in which at least one is in the center of the groove and the axis of the rod is installed in the hinge bearings.

3. Low-voltage multi-pole high-current vacuum circuit breaker, comprising a housing, mainly three vacuum arcing chamber, located in the same plane, spring preload, comprising an electromagnet with plunger tripping electromagnet, breaking the spring, a spring-loaded latch shaft is rigidly associated levers for fixing rods movable contact of the vacuum arc quenching chambers, a lever transmission containing the spring, and the mechanism of a free trip, characterized in that the flat portion of the linkage consists of a second class lever, the short arm through which the axis is connected with the rod, and the long arm connected to the link, the other end of which is connected pivotally with the mechanism of a free trip, a spring-loaded latch is provided with two mutually perpendicular edges and positioned so that in the on position of the switch mentioned hinge rests on one of the ledges, and this ledge is parallel to the end face of the pusher includes an electromagnet, and the axis of the link is with him an acute angle.

4. Low-voltage high-current multipole vacuum vykluchat the ü according to claim 3, characterized in that the lever of the second kind and the articulated link-arm mechanism with which it is articulated, implemented as a pair of forks, one of which is covering, and the other covered and connected by the axle, the spring lever mechanism is designed as a torsion spring and is placed in the cavity covered plugs and covers the axis connecting the lever of the second kind and the link lever mechanism, one working the rest of the spring rests on the lever of the second kind, and the other link of the articulated lever mechanism, the lever of the second kind has in place of articulation of the rod groove, which is located on the axis of the rod.

5. Low-voltage multi-pole high-current vacuum circuit breaker, comprising a housing, mainly three vacuum arcing chamber, located in the same plane, spring preload, comprising an electromagnet with plunger tripping electromagnet, breaking the spring, a spring-loaded latch shaft is rigidly associated levers for fixing rods movable contact of the vacuum arc quenching chambers, a lever transmission containing the spring, and the mechanism of a free trip, characterized in that the mechanism of a free trip consists of a tripping lever, a link, pivotally connected to the lever mechanism, a roller having a groove that is installed with the possibility of rotation and provided with CTE who reap, moreover, the pivot roller is connected with the armature of the electromagnet off and spring tripping lever is installed with the possibility of relying on the roller and passing through the groove of the roller, the groove of the roller has a width not less than the thickness of the lever, and depth, allowing you to turn the roller lever and the passage of the lever through the slot.

6. Low-voltage multi-pole high-current vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that the mechanism of a free trip is a regulator of the efforts made in the form of a screw mounted with emphasis in pin cushion.