Packer testing stand. RU patent 2247222.

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: stand has imitators of casing and lifting columns with packer between them, means for heating casing column imitator, main hydraulic cylinder for axial loading and unloading of packer, pumps to create pressure. Stand is provided with additional hydraulic cylinder with hollow rod and cylinder, connected to rod of min hydraulic cylinder. Additional hydraulic cylinder is encased in the body, rigidly connected to main hydraulic cylinder and imitator of casing column. In additional hydraulic cylinder a ring-shaped piston is placed with conical skirt, interacting with keys with possible periodical supporting against the body through windows in said cylinder and below keys spring-loaded ring-shaped pusher is moveably mounted. In hollow of imitator of lifting column a floating piston is positioned, this hollow and hollow of the hollow rod are interconnected and also connected to hollow above ring-shaped piston.

EFFECT: broader functional capabilities, higher efficiency.

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The invention relates to the oil and gas industry and can be used for testing different designs packers installed in wells.

A known device for testing rubber sealing elements downhole packers, including a glass lid, which is placed inside the packer Assembly assembled on the shaft, while the glass is provided with a thermostatic jacket and measuring devices (SU # 240621, IPC E 21 33/12, 1969).

The technical disadvantage of the stand: limited functionality - the stand is adapted for testing packers obsolete structures; unacceptable metaresponse to replace the packer requires the dismantling of many parts.

There is a method of testing heat-resistant packers, including the installation of a packer in the simulator of the casing, the axial dimension of amplification, regulation and measurement of other indicators (SU # 1082931 And, IPC 3 E 21 33/12, 1984).

The technical disadvantage of this method: limited functionality - way primarily designed to mimic the conditions paramagnitnoi well with limited formation pressure.

Known also stand for testing packers containing replicas of casing and tubing of columns placed between the packer, means for heating simulator casing, a main hydraulic cylinder for axial loading and unloading of the packer, the pump unit is a pressure and simulate downhole pressure (in the book: improving the efficiency of drilling operations for oil and gas: Sat. scient. Tr./ RBM. NIGRI. - Lviv, 1984, p.65-71, Fig. 1, p.66). The technical disadvantage of this stand: limited functionality - stand operates at a maximum differential pressure of 50 MPa (with a slight radial clearance); high energy consumption tests because of the prolonged operation of the pump as a consequence of the absence of fixation simulator tubing string.

Technical goal: increase functionality and reduce energy consumption.

Effect: imitation operating conditions at high pressures; reliable and automatic fixing of a tubing string in the testing process.

According to the invention, the test stand packers (containing replicas of casing and tubing of columns placed between the packer, means for heating simulator casing, a main hydraulic cylinder for axial loading and unloading of the packer, the pump unit is a pressure and simulate downhole pressure) equipped with an additional hydraulic cylinder with a hollow piston rod and the cylinder associated with the piston rod of the main cylinder, an additional cylinder is enclosed in a housing rigidly connected with the main cylinder and the simulator of the casing, an additional hydraulic cylinder is placed a circular piston with a tapered skirt, interacting with crackers, mounted on a hollow stem with periodic stops in case through the window in the specified cylinder, and under the bread crumbs on a hollow stem slidably mounted spring-loaded annular plunger in the cavity simulator tubing string is placed floating piston, while the cavity of the hollow piston rod connected with the channel in the adapter between the hollow rod and the rod of the main cylinder and with the annular cavity above the piston.

1 shows a General view of the test bench packers idle (no load), in section, figure 2 is the same, under load; figure 3 and 4 leader I and II of figure 1, respectively; figure 5, 6 and 7 - the leader of the III, IV and V of figure 2, respectively.

The test stand packers consists of three parts: test 1, the retainer 2 and power 3. The test block and the entire stand is installed on the fundamental plate 4, through which the anchor bolts 5 or other known means fixed on the Foundation. On the cylindrical protrusion base plate mounted on the threads simulator casing 6 test unit 1. As the simulator uses a segment of the actual casing of the required size. Inside the simulator placed 6 simulator 7 tubing string is cut, for example, tubing of the appropriate size. Between simulators 6 and 7 is placed subject packer 8, between the packer and the inner cavity simulator 6 of the casing is provided annular gap. Simulator 7 tubing string through the bottom of the sub 9 is connected with the hollow shaft 10 of the clamping unit 2. At the end of the simulator 7 movably mounted lower stop 11, the downward movement which restricts the threaded sleeve 12. At bottom focused on the pinned thread shell 13 with the holes 14. Between this shell and the inner cavity simulator 6 of the casing is provided annular gap. In the base plate 4 made channel 15 for the supply of simulating downhole pressure in the cavity of the shell 13 and simulator 6 of the casing.

The basis of the fixing unit 2 is further hydraulic cylinder 16 with the specified hollow shaft 10 and the cylinder 17, which are connected with the rod 18 of the main cylinder 19 of the power unit 3. Additional hydraulic cylinder is enclosed in a housing 20, is rigidly connected through, for example, the flanges 21 and 22 and pins 23 with the main cylinder 19.

The housing 20 by means of a threaded coupling 24 is rigidly connected with the simulator 6 of the casing. The connection of the cylinder 17 and the hollow rod 10 with the rod 18 of the main cylinder 19 is made through the top sub 25. The twisting of the sub 25 and all of the additional hydraulic cylinder 16 around the axis is prevented by a pin 26 fixed in the sub and put into the groove 27 of the housing 20. In an additional hydraulic cylinder 16 is placed an annular piston 28 with a tapered skirt 29. The latter interacts with crackers 30, mounted on a hollow rod 10 with periodic stops in the housing 20 through the window 31 in the specified cylinder 17. Under the crumbs on the hollow rod 10 slidably mounted an annular plunger 32 that is supported by the spring 33. On the hollow rod planted conical guide 34 with Windows 35 - with the possibility of communicating with the internal cavity of the skirt 29 of the annular piston 28 and with the possibility of passage in the window 35 crackers 30. In the most recently executed a cone-shaped recess (5), where comes the beveled end 36 of the cylinder 17. On the outer surface of crackers made the notch 37. A continuation of the cylinder 17 is a shell 38, which is bonded to the lower sub 9. Between the shell and the plunger 32 is missing from the end of the guide 34, and the cylinder 17 and the shell 38 is clamped to the guide protrusion. In this regard, the window 31 in the cylinder 17 is combined with the Windows 35 in the guide 34. In the upper part of the hollow shaft 19 has a hole 39 that is guaranteed is above the annular piston 28.

Thus, the cavity simulator 7 tubing string and the cavity of the hollow rod 10 communicate with each other and with the annular cavity above the piston 28. Additionally cavity communicated with the channel 40 in the upper translator 25, which, in turn, communicates with the recess in the stem 18 of the main cylinder 19. This deepening is equipped with a plug 41.. Power unit 3 is essentially the main cylinder 19, a continuation of the stem 18 is a piston 42. The outer cylinder 43 of the block is provided with a bottom entrance 44 and the upper deaf 45 caps, which made the channels 46 and 47, 48 and 49, respectively, for supplying and discharging the working fluid. The stand also includes a nozzle 50 G-shaped to control the sealing properties of the packer 8, the nozzle is located above the packer. Outside the booth, located in front of him packer, mounted means 51 for heating simulator casing - columns for thermal impact on the packer and the production environment near him. The stand is equipped with known pumping units to create a pressure control devices and the like(not shown). In the cavity simulator 7 tubing string is placed floating piston 52.

The test stand packers operates as follows. To install the test packer 8 sbencivu threaded coupling 24, and two block - locking 2 and power 3, together with the lower sub 9 - raise on the simulator 7 tubing string wear packer, for supporting it on the bottom of the stop 11. Further, the locking unit 2 mounted on the test unit 1, connecting them threaded coupling 24, and the power unit 3 is disconnected. For this sbencivu upper nuts from the studs 23, the lift unit 3 together with the bottom wall cap 44. Unscrewing the cap 41, through the channel 40 fill the cavity of the hollow rod 10 and simulator 7 working fluid, a floating piston 52 is lowered to the lowest position. Later in the stem 18 of the main cylinder 19 installing the plug 41, and through the flanges 21, 22 and pins 23 fasten the retainer 2 and power 3 blocks. At the stage of preparation of the stand to work also connect the pump unit, control devices, power supply means 51 for heating simulator casing, etc. Alternately feeding the working fluid into the channels 46 and 48 of the rod and piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinder 19 squeeze out the air, which exits through a symmetric channels 47 and 49, respectively, and then jammed. Conduct trial and filling podvecerni (“downhole”) cavity, feeding the working fluid into the channel 15 to the air exits through an l-shaped pipe 50.

In the process of testing “crush” packer 8, which through the channel 48 in the cover 45 serves the working fluid in the main cylinder 19 of the power unit 3, and the rod end of the cylinder through the channel 46, the liquid is discharged into the tank. Flow and fluid pressure on the piston 42 with the rod 18 pushing the top sub 25, the hollow stem 16 additional hydraulic cylinder 16 and the bottom sub 9. The latter affects the packer 8 and through him and through the lower stop 11 on the drum 13. As a consequence, all named system moves down to the interaction of the shell 13 with a cylindrical protrusion base plate 4 (figure 2). Simultaneously shifted down and simulator 7 lift columns. After stopping the shell 13, together with the lower stop 11) a movement down the rest of the system continues. Because of this packer 8 is deformed, select the gap between the packer and the simulator 6 of the casing is sealed annular space, with the threaded sleeve 12 on the simulator 7 departs from the stop 11. These steps correspond to the “crushing” of the packer in real well when the corresponding weight of the drill or tubing string (often in conjunction with heavy-weight drill pipe) affects the packer, pressing it to the bottom of the well or to the corresponding elements of the well and deforming the elastic element of the packer. In the stand the pressure in the piston cavity of the main cylinder 19 is set of conditions to create the necessary efforts on the rod 18.

Then, through the channel 15 serves simulating downhole pressure, the value of which may be several times greater than the pressure in the piston cylinder cavity 19. The working fluid has a direct impact on the bottom packer 8 through the lower stop 11. Simultaneously, the liquid through hole 14 penetrates in the radial gap between simulation 6, the shell 13 and the stop 11. This high downhole pressure provokes the disclosure of packer - pass fluid between the elastic element of the packer and the simulator 6. The rate of leakage of the packer is leaking fluid from the l-shaped pipe 50, for example, in a measuring Cup. One of the objectives of the test packer is a selection of the best efforts on the rod 18, simulating the weight of a column in the borehole, the downhole pressure is the pressure under the packer.

When submitting simulating downhole pressure in the cavity below the packer 8 working fluid simultaneously flows into the lower compartment simulator 7 tubing string and the effect on the floating piston 52. Under pressure, the piston rises and creates pressure in the liquid column above the piston 52 in the cavity simulator 7 and the hollow shaft 10. As a result, the liquid through the opening 39 into the hollow piston rod enters nadporshnevaya cavity of the additional hydraulic cylinder 16 and moves down the annular piston 28 with a tapered skirt 29. The latter affects the breadcrumbs 30 and shifts them down. Crackers slide on the conical guide 34, the lower part of crackers with a notch 37 passes through the window 31 in the cylinder and combined them with a window 35 in the guide 34 (figure 4 and 5) and its notch 37 is pressed to the housing 20.

This occurs simultaneously with the impact on crackers 30 beveled end 36 of the cylinder 17 (by moving the rod 18 with the upper sub 25 and the cylinder 17), with the beveled end 36 acts on the conical slit in breadcrumbs 30 between their outer surface and the inner plane of the notches 37 (figure 5). When shifting down crackers also affect annular plunger 32, which, when shifting down, compresses the spring 33, the lower end of the guide 34 is clamped between the plunger and the shell 38. As a result, fixation of the movable column: stock 18 - top sub 25 - hollow stem 10 to the bottom sub 9 - simulator 7 relative to the housing 20 and is rigidly connected therewith the outer cylinder 43 and simulator 6 of the casing. And the higher simulating downhole pressure, the more force acts on the annular piston 28 with a skirt 29, and with a great force dried 30 are pressed against the housing 20, allowing the fixation of the specified column. Thanks to this test packer for a long time can be performed after removal of the pressure in the piston cavity of the main cylinder 19 (in the presence of simulating downhole pressure). When the evolutions of the top sub 25 together with the cylinder 17 and the hollow shaft 10 is precluded their rotation about their own axis and violation location crackers 30 relative to the window 31 (35). This is achieved through input pin 26 on the adapter 25 in a groove 27 in the housing 20. In addition, the position and movement of the pin 26 in the slot 27 is a pointer position and motion of the column inside of blocks 1-3..

After completion of the cycle test shoot simulating downhole pressure, relieving the working fluid through the channel 15 in the base plate 4. Then the working fluid is pumped into the channel 46 in the bottom wall cap 44 of the main cylinder 19 to the fluid enters the rod cavity and the pressure lifts up the piston 42 with the rod 18. Recent drags column: sub 25 - hollow stem 10 - simulator 7. Simultaneously with the sub 25 is raised and the cylinder 17, whereupon it stops a force on the conical gap between the crackers 30 and the inner plane of the notches 37. After that, under the action of the spring 33 of the annular plunger 32 moves crackers 30, which, sliding on a cone-shaped guide 34, away from the housing 20. In the absence of pressure below the floating piston 52 is removed, the pressure in the cavity simulator 7 and the hollow shaft 10, and through holes 39 in newportnews cavity of the additional hydraulic cylinder 16. As a result, the unfixing of the stand. Of the piston cavity of the main cylinder 19 of the liquid through the channel 48 in the top cover 45 is discharged into the tank. For dismantling experienced packer 8 or at least check its status sbencivu threaded coupling 24, and power 3 and retainer 2 blocks up. Along with them goes up and all the “stuffing” test unit 1, including sub 9-simulator 7 and the retainer 8. In cavities simulator 7 (above the floating piston 53 and the hollow rod 10, the liquid remains, and after the next Assembly of the stand filling of these cavities is not performed.

Thus, we are expanding the functionality of the stand due to the simulation of the operating conditions at high (up to 70 MPa) pressures simulating downhole pressure and a predetermined temperature; achieved a reduction in the consumption stand by reliable and automatic recording of all mobile columns, including Elevator part, making the tests and after the termination of the pressure of the working fluid in the main cylinder.

The test stand packers containing replicas of casing and tubing of columns placed between the packer, means for heating simulator casing, a main hydraulic cylinder for axial loading and unloading of the packer, the pump unit is a pressure and simulate downhole pressure, characterized in that the stand is equipped with an additional hydraulic cylinder with a hollow piston rod and the cylinder associated with the piston rod of the main cylinder, an additional hydraulic cylinder is enclosed in a housing rigidly connected with the main cylinder and the simulator of the casing, an additional hydraulic cylinder is placed a circular piston with a tapered skirt, interacting with crackers, mounted on a hollow rod with the possibility of periodic stop into the housing through the window in the specified cylinder, and under the bread crumbs on a hollow stem slidably mounted spring-loaded annular plunger in the cavity simulator tubing string is placed floating piston, with said cavity and the cavity of the hollow piston rod connected with the channel in the adapter between the hollow rod and the rod of the main cylinder and with the annular cavity above the piston.