Slurry explosive composition

(57) Abstract:

The invention relates to the field of slurry explosives on the basis of gel solutions of oxidizing agents, sensitized by gunpowder and explosives. Proposed slurry explosive composition containing the oxidizing agent is ammonium nitrate, an explosive sensitizer is a mixture of explosives in the form of powder or pieces of arbitrary shape, or granules, or cylindrical checkers and gunpowder as the explosive is RDX or phlegmatized RDX, or a mixture of phlegmatized RDX and aluminum, or an alloy of RDX, TNT and aluminum, or an alloy of RDX and TNT, or trotyl, and as a gunpowder - gunpowder pyroxylin or testing those crushed pyroxylin or ballistic powder, or a mixture, thickening agent is polyacrylamide, a crosslinking agent is aluminum sulfate or ferric iron sulfate, organic fuel, water-soluble nitrate salts of the metals or their mixture and water. The invention is aimed at improving the detonation ability, explosion energy and health slurry explosive composition. 2 C.p. f-crystals, 1 table.

The invention obraznyh solutions of oxidizing agents, sensitized by gunpowder and explosives and can be used in the disposal of explosives ammunition.

Known slurry explosive composition [1], including explosives, such as TNT, RDX, PETN, or smokeless powder 2-50%, ammonium nitrate 15-80, nitrates of alkali metals 0-25%, urea 1-15%, sodium chloride 1-15%, thickener 0,05-2, a crosslinking agent is 0.01 to 0.5, and the rest is water. The disadvantage of this composition is low detonation ability and the use of inert additives that reduce the energy of the explosion.

Known slurry explosive composition [2], taken as a prototype, containing: an explosive sensitizer, including crushed powder, fuel, explosives, or their mixture 5,0-50,0%, inorganic oxidizer is ammonium nitrate 80,0-35,0%, cryogenic additive is a mixture of glycol, potassium nitrate and calcium in the amount of 0.5 to 6.0%, thickener 0,5-5,0%, a crosslinking agent is 0.01-0.5%, and the curing catalyst of 0.5-2.0%, water - the rest.

A significant disadvantage of this composition is low detonation ability, explosion energy and performance compared to the currently used industrial explosives Vedeno dangerous compounds, chromium and lead hazard class 1 according to GOST 12.007-76 (maximum allowable concentration in the air of working zone of 0.01 and 0.005 mg/m³according to GOST 12.005-88) and high zinc compounds and copper 2 hazard class according to GOST 12.007-76 (maximum allowable concentration in the air of working zone of 0.5 mg/m³according to GOST 12.005-88) used in the composition as cross-linking agents and non-explosive sensitizing agents. Sanitary and environmental regulations preclude the use of this explosive composition as industrial explosives in surface and underground mining. Note that median lethal concentration of chromium compounds and lead in air is less than 500 mg/cubic meter and, for example, in the explosion of one kilogram of the composition, in the air career will be thrown in the composition of the products of the explosion, at least, 600-1200 mg/cubic m chromium compounds or lead in the form of fine spray that will lead to infection to the level of the MPC 60 to 120 thousand cubic meters of air and may cause occupational disease personnel of the mining enterprise.

Used in slurry explosive composition TNT in fine condition in quantities of up to 20% ineffective as an explosive substance. According to GOST 19433-85, Annex 2, table 29, UN No. 1356 mixture of TNT/water 70/30 unable to detonation and thus in Vadodara.

The present invention is to increase the detonation ability, explosion energy and health slurry explosive composition and technology of its production while ensuring the safety of its application.

The problem is solved by the fact that slurry explosive composition includes an explosive sensitizer is a mixture of explosives in the form of powder or pieces of arbitrary shape, or granules, or cylindrical checkers and gunpowder as the explosive substances it contains RDX or phlegmatized RDX, or a mixture of phlegmatized RDX and aluminum, or an alloy of RDX, TNT and aluminum, or an alloy of RDX and TNT, or trotyl, and as a gunpowder - gunpowder pyroxylin granulated or powdered pyroxylin or ballistic powder, or a mixture of the oxidizer is ammonium nitrate, organic fuel, water-soluble nitrate salts of the metals or their mixture, water, thickener - polyacrylamide, and as cross-linking agent is aluminium sulphate or ferric iron sulfate in the following ratio, wt.%:

RDX or phlegmatized RDX,

LASS="ptx2">or alloy of RDX and TNT, or trotyl 15-55

the pyroxylin powder granulated or

crushed pyroxylin or

ballistic powder or a mixture of 15-50

water-soluble nitrate salt

metals or a mixture of 1,5-5

organic fuel 1-5

polyacrylamide 0,2-0,6

aluminium sulphate or ferric

iron sulfate 0,02-0,1

water 7,0-12,0

ammonium nitrate else

At the same time as organic combustible uses urea or paraffin or ceresin, or holovacs, or mineral oil, or a mixture, and as the nitrate salts of the metals used sodium nitrate, or potassium nitrate or calcium nitrate.

The invention consists in that to increase the detonation ability of the composition can be entered and testing those crushed artillery pyroxylin or ballistic powder, or ballistic missile gunpowder and explosives in the form of powder or pieces of arbitrary shape, or granules, or cylindrical pieces. To improve the processability in the composition can be injected liquid organic fuel in kaliena in the composition of urea and water-soluble nitrate salts of the metals or their mixtures can improve their frost resistance, detonation characteristics and reduces the amount of harmful gases in the products of the explosion. Sanitary and environmental safety slurry explosive composition is achieved by using as a crosslinking agent of aluminium sulphate or ferric sulphate of iron. While in the solid products of the explosion are aluminum oxide or iron oxide (respectively 4 and 3 hazard classes according to GOST 12.007-76, the maximum allowable concentration in the air of working zone 6 and 4 mg/m³according to GOST 12.005-88) that does not exceed the danger of dust rocks for blasting (dust, granite, limestone, iron ore, 3 and 4 classes of danger with EQS 2-4 mg/m³).

Tests showed that when the content of 35% powders and 35% of explosives in the form of a powder, pieces of arbitrary shape, pellets or cylindrical pieces, the stable composition detonates from the primer detonator No. 8 and detonating cord in thin polymer membranes with a diameter of 36 mm, and with the increasing content of crushed ballistic powders to 55 wt.% and 2 wt.% liquid fuel composition steadily detonates from the intermediate detonator mass of 200 g charges in a polymer shell with a diameter of 60 mm

Use composition>the manual manufacturing of explosive composition is as follows.

In the measured amount of water while heating and stirring, poured the required amount of ammonium nitrate, then urea, polyacrylamide and nitrate salts of the metals or their mixture. The mixture is stirred until complete dissolution of the components.

The obtained gel-like mass fill containers with powders and powdered explosives, the resulting mass is thoroughly mixed in the mixer. Injected into the mixture the required amount of granulated ammonium nitrate and a crosslinking agent. If necessary, a portion of mineral oil pre-enter in powder or granulated ammonium nitrate.

Examples of explosive composition and its basic properties in comparison with the prototype shown in the table.

As can be seen from table, the proposed slurry explosive composition has a high detonation ability, health and environmental safety of products of explosion and explosion safety of technological processes and applications by eliminating dusting and the electrification of gunpowder and explosive substances and>. U.S. patent No. 3321344, CL 06 IN 1/04 (NCI 149-56).

2. The patent of Russian Federation №2176632, CL 06 In 25/00.

1. Slurry explosive composition comprising an explosive sensitizer, the oxidizer is ammonium nitrate, a thickening agent, a crosslinking agent and water, characterized in that as an explosive sensitizer, it contains a mixture of explosives in the form of powder or pieces of arbitrary shape, or granules, or cylindrical checkers and gunpowder as the explosive substances it contains RDX, or phlegmatized RDX, or a mixture of phlegmatized RDX and aluminum, or an alloy of RDX, TNT and aluminum, or an alloy of RDX and TNT, or trotyl, and as a gunpowder - gunpowder pyroxylin testing those, or crushed pyroxylin, or ballistic powder, or a mixture of organic fuel, water soluble nitric acid metal salts or their mixture, as a thickener - polyacrylamide as a cross-linking agent is sulfuric acid aluminum or ferric iron sulfate in the following ratio, wt.%:

RDX, or phlegmatized RDX, or a mixture of phlegmatized RDX and aluminum, or an alloy of RDX, trailerjenny

pyroxylin, or ballistic powder, or a mixture of 15-50

Soluble in water, nitric acid metal salts or a mixture of 1,5-5

Organic fuel 1-5

Polyacrylamide 0,2-0,6

Aluminium sulphate or ferric iron sulfate 0,02-0,1

Water 7,0-12,0

Ammonium nitrate Else

2. The composition according to p. 1, wherein as the organic fuel it contains urea, or paraffin or ceresin, or holovacs, or mineral oil, or a mixture.

3. Composition under item 1, characterized in that the water-soluble nitric acid salts of the metals it contains sodium nitrite or potassium nitrite, or calcium nitrite.