Solution: vertical deformation of the bite

IPC classes for russian patent Solution: vertical deformation of the bite (RU 2139694):

A61C7/36 - Devices acting between upper and lower teeth

A61C7 - Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions

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(57) Abstract:

The invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry. The method is characterized by the fact that part of the plates with artificial teeth set in the area of the missing teeth with the possibility of vertical movement in the direction of the teeth-antagonists using the action of the elastic spring located between the orthodontic plate and part of the plate with artificial teeth, and the size of the compressed spring, the difference between the compressed and the uncompressed spring, the amount of extension of the plate with artificial teeth and the magnitude of vertical deformation of the teeth-antagonists are equal. The method provides permanent occlusal contacts in all phases of the chewing cycle, prevention of complications overload periodontal teeth moved and reducing the time of orthodontic treatment. 5 Il.

The invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry. The defects of the dentition in children and adults with a length of one or more teeth, caused by early removal of deciduous teeth in children, removal of teeth in adults over complicated caries, partial adentia, retention teeth or after injury, if not in time to spend orthopelmatinae process in the area of the missing teeth. This violates the free movement of the lower jaw, reduced masticatory function, impeded eruption of permanent teeth in children is complicated, and sometimes becomes impossible rational prosthesis is formed malocclusion.

Known solution deformations of occlusion due to the early removal of milk teeth / So-Century Sharova, G. I. Rogozhnikov "Orthopedic stomatology of children's age", Moscow, Medicine, 1991, page 214/, where the first milk molar is made of thin-walled cap-crown, to which is fixed a wire spacer with the activator, the distal end of which is bent in the form of supporting and retaining clasps on the first permanent molar.

Disadvantages similar to the following:
1. Can be used only in the absence of one tooth.

2. The wire spacer does not provide a normal occlusal relationship, so it is possible displacement of teeth - antagonists.

3. Non-removable design makes it difficult to oral hygiene.

Well-known solution of the vertical deformations of the bite, the closest to the claimed/ H. A. Kalamkarov "Orthopedic treatment with the use of metal is dlinnie in patients under the age of 40 years with intact periodontium for implementation nominated teeth and rebuilding of bone tissue of the alveolar ridge in this area apply orthodontic device in the form of medical Nakonechny plate.

The use of such records by 1.5-2 mm increases the height of the bite in the area nominated teeth. The result is a high functional stress in the periodontal teeth that are embedded in the alveolar bone. In the bone tissue of the alveolar ridge in the area of high pressure observed the processes of resorption and atrophy. Tissue reconstruction of the periodontium and alveolar bone leads to dentoalveolar shortening. The introduction of the teeth, which increases the bite, contact occurs throughout the dentition. For further introduction nominated teeth on the masticatory surface of the device should be quick layering the plastic and increase the height of the bite again on the size of 1,5-2 mm, According to the author, dentoalveolar shortening the desired level is reached only for 6-14 months.

The disadvantages of the prototype, resulting from structural features:
1. Contraindications for periodontal disease because of the overload of periodontal tissues.

2. The possibility of unwanted horizontal movement of the teeth - antagonists.

3. The need to perekonstruirovany add a layer of quick-plastically complications of temporomandibular joint with a large overestimation of the bite.

5. Long-term treatment.

The present invention is to provide a permanent occlusal contacts in all phases of the chewing cycle, in the prevention of complications overload periodontal teeth moved and reducing the time of orthodontic treatment.

This object is achieved in that part of the plates with artificial teeth set in the area of the missing teeth with the possibility of vertical movement in the direction of the teeth - antagonists using the action of the elastic spring located between the orthodontic plate and part of the plate with artificial teeth, and the size of the compressed spring, the difference between the compressed and the uncompressed spring, the amount of extension of the plate with artificial teeth and the magnitude of vertical deformation of the teeth-antagonists are equal.

The novelty of the method:
1. Vertical movement of the plate with artificial teeth with elastic spring, located between the orthodontic plate and part of the plate with artificial teeth.

2. Spring, providing vertical movement of the plate with artificial teeth, is chosen so that a size of the compressed spring, the Oia spring and the magnitude of vertical deformation were equal.

3. The teeth are in constant contact, and when the Central occlusion is no overstatement bite. Is constant pressure on the deformed plot of the dentition.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where Fig. 1 to 5 shows a diagram of defect elimination.

Fig 1 is a General view of the orthodontic braces. Fig. 2 - vertical deformation of the alveolar ridge. Fig. 3. - spring in a compressed and uncompressed condition. Fig. 4 - position of the tab when the decompressed spring. Fig. 5 - the position of a tab when your teeth are occluded.

The method consists in the following. When a patient has a vertical deformation of the bite is made removable orthodontic plate or Kappa /Fig. 1/, which is fixed in the oral cavity using a variety of clasps 2 to the abutment teeth 3. In the area of the missing teeth make the tab 4 - part plate with artificial teeth 5. This part of the plate is movable in the vertical direction/ in the direction of the teeth - antagonists/ using elastic springs 6, which is installed between the base plate and the tab/ part plate with artificial teeth/.

The spring is selected so that the magnitude of a spring h, the difference between the/SUB> and the magnitude of vertical deformation of the teeth - antagonists h₃equal, i.e., h₁= h₂= h₂= h₃.

Tabbed /active/ part compression spring is included in the deepening of orthodontic braces that prevent unwanted horizontal movement and change normal occlusal relationships.

During the chewing function is a compression spring h and the pressure is transmitted to the teeth in the area of vertical deformation. By opening the jaws, the spring expands to a height of h₁but continues to act on the teeth of a deformed section, because it lifts the tab with artificial teeth over the dentition on the value of h₂.

Thus, the impact on the deformed plot of the dentition is carried out continuously, with constant occlusal contact
in all phases of the chewing cycle, which reduces the time of orthodontic treatment and does not lead to an overload of periodontal teeth moved. During treatment, the device is recommended for wear constantly, taking off only after a meal for hygienic processing.

After normalization of the occlusion device is removed. Adults use to reconstruct, the two of them.

Example 1. Patient A. 8 years old, came to the clinic of the Department of orthodontics at the lack of lateral teeth on the lower jaw on the right. 5.5 years the teeth have been removed over complicated caries.

Objectively
The alveolar bone of the mandible in the area of the missing teeth Trofimova has a pointed form. The alveolar ridge on the upper jaw in the area of the teeth is exaggerated, there is infrapolatia teeth 4 mm

Diagnosis: Early removal of Dentoalveolar elongation in the field Replaceable bite.

Treatment: Custom removable orthodontic plate on the lower jaw with Adams clasps on the teeth and moving parts with artificial teeth in the area of the missing teeth. The spring is selected so that when it rasathi it is the part of the artificial teeth on the value of 4 mm, equal to the vertical 4 mm, move the teeth.

The patient used the disc constantly. After elimination of vertical deformation, the normalization of the occlusion, and the plate was replaced by a preventive partial denture with artificial teeth, which is recommended to wear before the eruption of the permanent teeth.

Prodoljitel to prepare for orthopedic treatment.

Objective:
The absence of the lower jaw. Vertical movement of the teeth with hypertrophy of the alveolar ridge 3.5 mm

Diagnosis: No; teeth on lower jaw 3 class on Kennedy. Dentoalveolar lengthening of teeth. Preparation for orthopedic treatment.

Treatment. Made removable plate denture on the lower jaw with wire bent clasps on the teeth. In the area of the missing teeth is made vertically movable part with artificial teeth. Spring was provided by the extension part of the plate with artificial teeth of 3.5 mm in the direction of the hypertrophied portion of the upper jaw. Additional activation of the spring was not conducted. After 4.5 months after the start of treatment to the vertical deformation in the area of the teeth was removed. Orthodontic preparation for the prosthesis was finished.

Thus, our proposed solution: vertical deformations of the bite efficient due to constant pressure with a minimum of force, simple and easy to use that there is no overstatement of occlusion in all phases of the chewing cycle and rapid tolerance to therapeutic device, allows to obtain an optimum result in considerably ostalnyh movements of teeth.

The method is clinically used. With his help we treated 19 patients, 4 patients are at a stage of treatment.

The solution of the vertical deformations of the bite, which consists in the installation of the orthodontic device in the form of plates with artificial teeth to replace the dentition defect, characterized in that the part of the plate with artificial teeth set in the area of the missing teeth with the possibility of vertical movement in the direction of the teeth-antagonists using the action of the elastic spring located between the orthodontic plate and part of the plate with artificial teeth, and the size of the compressed spring, the difference between the compressed and the uncompressed spring, the magnitude of the extension part of the artificial teeth and the magnitude of vertical deformation of the teeth-antagonists are equal.