|
Quartz oscillator includes a quartz resonator, the first output of which is connected to the input of an inverting amplifier and through the first resistor to its output, the second output of the quartz resonator is connected through the first capacitor to the input of the second amplifier, which is non-inverting, the output of which is the device output, a phase corrector, the input and the output of which are connected to the output of the non-inverting amplifier and the second output of the quartz resonator respectively, and the input of the non-inverting amplifier is connected to the output of the inverting amplifier through the second resistor or through the second resistor and the second capacitor. |
|
|
Solid-state high-frequency shock-excited generator Solid-state HF shock-excited generator includes primary switch, primary power accumulator, pulse transformer with saturable core, circuit capacitor, pulse transformer with its primary winding forming parallel oscillatory circuit together with circuit capacitor, and switch element is formed by diode closed at the moment of power supply and opening in the moment of oscillation start after transformer core saturation. Reverse voltage and current through diode, together with its frequency characteristics, define power and maximum frequency of generated oscillation, respectively. |
|
|
Frequency multiplier comprises two transmission lines with identical wave resistance, three Schottky clamped transistors, two inductance coils, two resistors and a power supply filter. |
|
|
Invention relates to radio engineering and electronics and can be used to protect information of computer equipment, automated workstations and wire lines from information leakage as a result of stray electromagnetic radiation and cross talk. The noise signal generator has two outputs which are controlled based on signal strength. The additional noise signal generator used is an impact avalanche transit time noise diode with an amplifier and a variable resistor for controlling the additional noise signal strength, and the emitting low-frequency element used is an inductance coil with distributed parameters, which enables to generate the low-frequency part of the magnetic component o the electromagnetic field of the noise signal. |
|
Voltage-controlled generator comprises two field-effect transistors, five inductance coils, seven capacitors, a conducting bias circuit, an automatic cutoff bias circuit, a control circuit and an external load. |
|
Wideband polyharmonic generator Wideband polyharmonic generator comprises an active element, an outlet circuit, which matches an active element with a load, and a wideband inlet circuit, at the same time parameters of the outlet circuit in the working band of frequencies from the set ratios. |
|
Transistor generator for resonant loads Transistor generator for resonant loads contains half-bridge inverter based on IGBT transistors controlled as per standard scheme by driver of the half-bridge inverter with internal generator and external time-setting RC-circuit; generator contains output transformer, optron command device and current transformer, which data output is connected to capacitor, through which RC-circuit is connected in parallel to capacitor of external time-setting RC-circuit of the driver; current transformer is equipped with two primary windings, at that the main winding is connected to the first circuit of output transformer secondary winding in-series with resonant load, while auxiliary winding through auxiliary capacitor and RF choke is connected to the second circuit of output transformer secondary winding. |
|
Method of improving accuracy of calibrating level of output signal of uhf and ehf generators Method of calibrating the power level of an UHF or EHF generator is characterised by that calibration is carried out using two sections of a measuring channel whose length differ by λ/4·(2n+1) for n = 0, 1, 2, …, where λ/4 is the wavelength of electromagnetic oscillations in the measuring channel, which are successively connected to the output of the generator; signal power at outputs thereof is measured and the half-sum of two measurements of the power level of the output signal of the generator is calculated. |
|
Invention relates to radio engineering and communication and can be used in designing controlled generators. The controlled generator has two multipliers, two integrators, a nonlinear element and an adder, wherein the output of the first integrator is connected to the first input of the second multiplier, the input of the nonlinear element and the first output of the controlled generator, the output of the second integrator is connected to the second output of the controlled generator and the second input of the adder, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the control bus of the controlled generator and the second input of the second multiplier, wherein outputs of the first and second multipliers are respectively connected to inputs of the first and second integrators, as well as a control unit, the first and second inputs of which are respectively connected to the first and second outputs of the controlled generator, the third input of the control unit is connected to a reference voltage bus, and the fourth input is connected to the output of the nonlinear element, wherein the output of the control unit is connected to the first input of the adder. |
|
Generator contains electromechanical resonator and neutralising capacitor, differential staged based on two MOS-transistors with the same conductivity type, amplifier including in-series four complementary pairs of MOS-transistors, low-pass filter. |
|
Method of generating output frequency of direct synthesis digital synthesiser Method of generating output frequency of a direct synthesis digital synthesiser involves calculating a frequency code in accordance with the required output frequency value; recording in a frequency register and transmitting the frequency code to a phase accumulator; if the calculated value of the frequency code is a fraction, calculating a first frequency code corresponding to the initial frequency code rounded off to a whole number and the fractional part of the initial frequency code; selecting a second frequency code differing by one from the first frequency code, and recording in the frequency register; alternately reading from the frequency register the first and second frequency codes with periodicity defined by the fractional part of the initial frequency code; the frequency code comes from the frequency register and the phase accumulator; the phase accumulator calculates an address which is input into the ROM of a phase register; the phase register calculates the instantaneous value of the output signal in digital form, which is transmitted to a digital-to-analogue converter and is converted to a corresponding signal value in analogue form. |
|
Device to sum up capacities of three microwave generators on magnetrons Device comprises blocks of power supply, 3 magnetrons and a short circuited wave guide, besides, outputs of energy of the second and third magnetrons are arranged on the opposite side relative to the output of energy into the wave guide of the first magnetron. The output of the first magnetron is connected to the wave guide via a resonator with two short-circuited ends, besides, in the wave guide wall under the resonator there is a slot hole. |
|
Thermostatted quartz generator Thermostatted quartz generator comprises an outer body, where a printed circuit board is placed with elements of a generator circuit, a printed circuit board with elements of a thermostat circuit, a body for the quartz resonator and the quartz resonator arranged in it, printed circuit boards are fixed in a gapless manner on the opposite sides of the body for the quartz resonator by means of a heat conductive connection and are made of a material with high heat conductivity, the body for the quartz resonator is made of metal or alloy with temperature coefficient of non-linear expansion, which corresponds to the temperature coefficient of linear expansion of the material of printed circuit boards. |
|
Alternating voltage stabiliser Alternating voltage stabiliser contains a control element of step-by-step action, bidirectional counter, rectifier, comparator, reference voltage source, synchronising pulse generator, clock-pulse generator, code generator and the second counter, logic unit; at that the second counter is reverse and its count direction control input is connected to output of comparator. |
|
Microwave generator according to the claim can have different designs, but all of them are characterised by that they include a resonator having two mutually spaced apart (d2) electrodes (12, 14), which form a spark gap device (10) which is broken down upon application of a firing voltage, wherein the spark gap device (10) has at least two parallel-connected spark gaps SG1, SG2,…, SGn). |
|
High-frequency multi-crystal oscillator High-frequency multi-crystal oscillator has an external housing with a main compartment and additional compartments, inner housings of micro-assemblies provided with compartments, main and auxiliary printed-circuit boards, thermostats, a thermistor, an electric heating element, low-pass power supply filters, buffer amplifiers, reference oscillation power adder, high-frequency self-excited crystal oscillators which are mounted in pairs on four printed-circuit boards, each connected to a separate low-pass power supply filter and a buffer amplifier. |
|
Low-noise crystal oscillator with automatic gain control Low-noise crystal oscillator with automatic gain control consists of a generator unit, an amplifier unit and an automatic gain control (AGC) unit, wherein the generator unit includes a crystal resonator, a bipolar transistor, five capacitors, two inductance coils, four resistors; the amplifier unit includes a MOS transistor, a resistor and three capacitors; the output of the generator unit is connected through a capacitor to the first gate of the MOS transistor; the output of the amplifier unit is connected to the input of the AGC unit, the output of which is connected to the second gate of the MOS transistor; the AGC unit includes an operational amplifier and a power detector. |
|
Forward path is made from a three-terminal nonlinear element; the feedback circuit used is external feedback in form of an arbitrary four-terminal element connected in a parallel-series circuit to the three-terminal nonlinear element. |
|
Method of generating high-frequency signals and apparatus for realising said method Method of generating high-frequency signals is based on interaction of a high-frequency signal with a forward path, a three-terminal nonlinear element and a feedback circuit, wherein the forward path is made from a three-terminal nonlinear element; the feedback circuit used is the internal feedback of a three-terminal nonlinear element, formed through inter-electrode connections thereof; the load is in form of a first two-terminal element with complex resistance; the control electrode of the three-terminal nonlinear element is connected in a cross circuit to a second two-terminal element with complex resistance which imitates resistance of the signal source of the generator in gain mode; excitation conditions in form of amplitude balance and phase balance and matching conditions are simultaneously satisfied on the given number of frequencies by selecting values of imaginary components of resistance of the first Xnm and second X0m two-terminal elements in accordance with mathematical expressions. |
|
Method of generating high-frequency signals and apparatus for realising said method Method of generating high-frequency signals is based on interaction of a high-frequency signal with a forward path, a three-terminal nonlinear element and an external feedback circuit, wherein the forward path is made from a three-terminal nonlinear element; the external feedback circuit used is an arbitrary four-terminal element connected to the three-terminal nonlinear element on a parallel-series circuit; the load is in form of a first two-terminal element with complex resistance; the control electrode of the three-terminal nonlinear element is connected through a cross circuit to the complex resistance, which imitates resistance of the signal source of the generator in gain mode; excitation conditions in form of amplitude balance and phase balance and matching conditions are simultaneously satisfied on the given number of frequencies by selecting values of imaginary components of resistance of the first Xnm and second X0m two-terminal elements in accordance with mathematical expressions. |
|
Method of controlling attenuation in oscillatory lc circuit Method of controlling attenuation in an oscillatory LC circuit is based on connecting an additional resistor ρ<<r to the circuit between the earth and an inductance coil, where r is the active resistance of the coil, and introducing special initial conditions for generation of controlled oscillations. External emf is introduced into the circuit, the value of which is equal to the voltage across the resistor amplified k times without inversion and periodisation of the launch modes and the initial position. The required nature of attenuation is established and observed by controlling the equivalent resistance of the circuit r*=r-ρ(k-1); if r*>0 the process is attenuating, if r*=0 the process is not attenuating and if r*<0 the process is rising. |
|
Method to generate high-frequency signals and device for its realisation Device comprises a source of DC voltage, a three-pole non-linear element, a circuit of external feedback and a load. The external feedback circuit is made in the form of an arbitrary quadripole, which is in parallel connected to the three-pole non-linear element connected between the introduced dipole with complex impedance and the load. The method is based on conversion of DC voltage source energy into energy of a high-frequency signal, interaction of a high-frequency signal with a direct transmission circuit, with a three-pole non-linear element and a circuit of external feedback. |
|
Method of generating electromagnetic oscillations in the microwave and EHF ranges with ultra-wideband frequency tuning involves heterodyning radiation of a semiconductor injection laser with a wavelength which causes a photoeffect in a semiconductor photodetector, and frequency of the electromagnetic oscillations is tuned. |
|
Method to generate high-frequency signals and device for its realisation In the method energy of a DC voltage source is converted into energy of a high-frequency signal, as the high-frequency signal interacts with a direct transmission chain, a three-pole non-linear element and an external feedback chain, and the excitation condition is met in the form of amplitude balance and phase balance that accordingly determine amplitude and frequency of generated high-frequency signals. At the same time the load is made in the form of the first dipole with complex resistance, connected to a control electrode of the three-pole non-linear element into a transverse circuit, excitations conditions are made in the form of amplitude balance and phase balance, and matching conditions are simultaneously realised at the specified quantity of frequencies due to selection of values of imaginary components of resistances of the first Xnm and second X0m dipoles, provided that the stationary generation mode is provided in the form of transmission coefficient denominator equality to zero in the amplification mode simultaneously at all specified frequencies of generated high-frequency signals with invariable amplitude of the DC voltage source in accordance with mathematical expressions. |
|
Acoustic noise generator includes a control unit, a display unit, an inspection unit, a power supply and battery charge unit, a battery, a low-frequency signal generator and rotation actuating unit, wherein the low-frequency signal generator is in form of a cylindrical housing, on the inner surface of which there are uniform protrusions; a rod is placed in the housing in line with the axis of the housing, with the possibility of rotation, where the same ends of bearing elements are rigidly attached, and the other ends are fitted with first contact elements with the possibility of translational displacement thereof along the bearing elements and with the possibility of interaction with protrusions of the housing; on the outer surface of the housing there are uniformly arranged second contact elements, with the possibility of interaction thereof with the housing, wherein the rod of the low-frequency signal generator is kinematically connected to the rotation actuating element. |
|
Frequency agile digital computational synthesiser Digital computational synthesiser has a reference generator 1 and a formation and delay unit 2, a first memory register 3, a first counter 4, a code multiplier 5, a digital storage 6, a code converter 7, a digital-to-analogue converter (DAC) 8, a low-pass filter 9, the output of which is the analogue output of the digital computational synthesiser; a second memory register 10, a second counter 11, a third memory register 12, a variable-ratio divider 13; inputs of the first, second and third memory registers are the digital inputs of the digital computational synthesiser. |
|
High-voltage pulse generator has a dc high-voltage source, electrodes lying on both sides of a flat dielectric barrier which is capable of rotating; a flat electrode is tightly placed on the entire surface of one side of the dielectric barrier with possibility of rotating together with the barrier, connected to one terminal of the dc voltage source; a fixed electrode is tightly placed on part of the surface of the opposite side of the dielectric barrier with possibility of sliding on said surface, the fixed electrode being connected to the same terminal of the dc voltage source. Another fixed electrode is placed diametrically opposite on the same side of the barrier with spacing, the fixed electrode being connected the other terminal of the voltage source through a load. |
|
Electrically controlled millimetre wavelength range modulator-calibrator Electrically controlled millimetre wavelength range modulator-calibrator has a waveguide insert accommodating an external current source-controlled monolithic integrated circuit (MIC), consisting of a row of parallel circuits of series-connected GaAs Schottky barrier diode and a rectifier, wherein the waveguide insert with said MIC and the rectifier are placed in a temperature-controlled cabinet, and the sensitive element of the temperature-controlled cabinet is a temperature sensor mounted on the housing of the waveguide insert. |
|
Matching of a three-wire power transmission line with an electric load at frequencies of different harmonics is achieved by matching real and standard resistances of the load, voltages at the end of the line or currents at frequencies of harmonic components arriving at the load, wherein matching at the frequency of one harmonic leads to change in spectrum of harmonic components of currents and voltages, which means matching should be carried out step by step, where matching at the frequency of each pronounced harmonic component of currents and voltages will be carried out in turns, wherein control signals are generated for filters of high harmonic components of currents and voltages of different modifications and adjustment components. |
|
Generator with element having negative resistance Generator contains an element having negative resistance, a resonator and capacitor. At that a part of the resonator acts as two electrodes of the element having negative resistance; capacitance of the capacitor C is selected so that angular frequency of the cut determined by total resistance R of power supply bias circuit is less than the main resonance frequency of the feedback circuit formed by power supply bias circuit and the element having negative resistance. |
|
Octave microconsuming high-frequency cmos generator controlled by voltage Octave microconsuming high-frequency voltage-controlled generator comprises four P-channel transistors, four N - channel transistors. Links between transistors provide for a self-excitation mode, and non-linearity of feedback depending on control voltages provides for expansion of generated frequencies range to one octave. |
|
Two-phase lc-generator of quadrature harmonic oscillations Two-phase LC-generator of quadrature harmonic oscillations comprises a parallel oscillating LC-circuit, a double-cascade non-inverting active amplifying broadband element, the first cascade of which shall have larger input resistance, and the second cascade shall have larger output resistance, serially with an inductance coil L in the circuit there is a resistive element with low resistance or its equivalent, to which the input of the additional broadband amplifier is connected, at the output of which harmonic oscillations are produced, which are quadrature relative to harmonic oscillations at the output of the first cascade of the active element. |
|
Frequency-modulated quartz generator Frequency-modulated quartz generator consists of five transistors, three resonance circuits, two resistance-capacitance circuits, two varicaps, quartz crystal resonator, paraphrase source of control voltage, two sections of long-distance lines, bias source. |
|
Result is achieved by using a second parallel nonlinear oscillatory circuit connected to a first. By using new components, the device has a wider range of irreversible nonlinear transformations of the initial signal. The capacitive and inductive coupling between the two circuits enables to control the level of distortion of the initial signal. |
|
Method of generating controlled vibrations Method of generating controlled vibrations is based on controlling the sign of the generated frequency by inverting the controlled input voltage Xo; in an oscillatory LC circuit, special initial conditions are established between initial voltage Xo across the capacitor C*, which is in form of two series-connected capacitors, and initial currents in the inductor L either I01 in mode 1, or I02 in mode 2; by interrupting input of special initial conditions into the circuit, generation of separate damping trains of controlled vibrations is provided. |
|
Microwave transmitter has a driving generator, a PIN attenuator, a microwave amplifier, an anode power supply, a high-voltage stabiliser, a filter, a current amplifier, a feedback device, a digital-analogue device for controlling a current stabiliser, a first low-noise current stabiliser, a second low-noise current stabiliser and a low-noise power supply. |
|
Method of generating high-frequency signals and apparatus for realising said method Apparatus has cascade-connected third two-terminal element, three-terminal nonlinear element, VT dc voltage source, first matching-filtering device (MFD) (first reactive four-terminal element or first matching four-terminal element), arbitrary load, nonlinear element, second MFD (second reactive four-terminal element or second matching four-terminal element), first two-terminal element, second two-terminal element. The first and second reactive four-terminal elements are in form of a "П"-shaped connection of three two-terminal elements, wherein the second and third reactive two-terminal elements of both four-terminal elements are in form of two parallel-connected series circuits. |
|
Method of generating high-frequency signals and apparatus for realising said method Apparatus for generating high-frequency signals has a dc voltage source, a two-terminal nonlinear element with a negative differential resistance, a reactive four-terminal circuit, an additional two-terminal circuit; the reactive four-terminal circuit is in form of a "П"-shaped connection of three two-terminal circuits, the first and third of which are in form of two parallel-connected circuits of elements with parameters whose values are defined according to given mathematical expressions. |
|
Method of generating high-frequency signals and apparatus for realising said method Apparatus for generating high-frequency signals has a dc voltage source, a direct transmission circuit consisting of a three-pole nonlinear element, a first reactive four-terminal circuit and a load, an external feedback circuit in form of a second reactive four-terminal circuit with a first and a second two-terminal circuit with complex resistance, connected in a cross circuit to its input and output, respectively; the input of the first reactive four-terminal circuit is connected to a third two-terminal circuit with complex resistance, wherein the second and third reactive two-terminal circuits of both four-terminal circuits are in form of two parallel-connected series circuits of elements with parameters whose values are defined according to given mathematical expressions. |
|
|
Prokofyev self-oscillation generator Self-oscillation generator by Prokofyev includes an LC oscillating circuit, a scaling operating amplifier, a non-linear feedback that includes a resistive summing network for two inputs, a normally open fixed contact of an electronic switch of a pulse non-linear element that includes a RS trigger and two comparators, chains of introduction of special initial conditions of regulated oscillations (RO), which consist of a single toggle switch of RO+ and RO- modes, a double start-up toggle switch and resistors, control voltage potentiometer A, voltage sources, a start-up capacitor; regulated stabilised self-oscillations, which are steady-state as to amplitude at the output of the scaling operating amplifier, are determined with the specified ratios of parameters of the elements expressed in the form of mathematical expressions. |
|
Device for thermal compensation of quartz generator Device for thermal compensation of a quartz generator comprises a quartz generator, a frequency divider, the first counter, the second counter, the first trigger, the second trigger, a register, the first and second summators, a blocking circuit, resistors, a Schmitt trigger, a capacitor, a thermistor, a microcontroller with the first group of inputs and the second group of inputs. |
|
Circuit to excite surface acoustic waves and generator of oscillations on its basis Circuit of resonator (X1) excitation on surface waves, besides, the resonator comprises a static capacitance (Co), and the circuit of excitation is designed to supply voltage (Vx) to the specified resonator, comprises a reactive facility (L3), designed for resonation jointly with the static capacitance (Co) of the resonator on a previously determined frequency (Fo) of initial period of excitation of the resonator at the specified voltage, besides, the excitation circuit comprises a passive facility (R3), designed for establishment of oscillations at the specified predetermined frequency (Fo). The generator of oscillations comprises a resonator on surface waves and the excitation circuit for any of the above claims, specified in the formula. |
|
Microwave generator comprises a magnetron, three step-up transformers, three high-voltage capacitors and six high-voltage diodes. The latter are combined into two groups of three diodes, besides, primary windings of all three transformers are connected to a three-phase AC network. At the same time unilaterally arranged leads of secondary windings of all three transformers are connected as start, the common point of which is connected to the ground. In their turn the oppositely arranged leads of all three transformers via high-voltage capacitors are serially connected to anodes of high-voltage diodes of the first group and to cathodes of high-voltage diodes of the second group. Cathodes of the first group of high-voltage diodes are connected with the common point connected to the ground, and anodes of the second group of high-voltage diodes are connected with the magnetron cathode. |
|
Generator of chaotic oscillations Generator of chaotic oscillations comprises the first and second dipole elements with a capacitance resistance, a dipole element with an induction resistance, a non-linear resistive element and a device with a negative resistance. |
|
Device comprises a scanning unit representing a sweep generator setting the range and speed of scanning, and a generator unit controlled by voltage, which generates square-wave pulses with increasing or decreasing frequency of output pulses. |
|
Method and apparatus for controlling physical-chemical processes in substance and on phase boundary In the method of controlling physical-chemical processes in a substance and on a phase boundary, involving determination of parameters of the medium, applying an electrical signal to the medium in which the controlled process takes place, use of a linearly distorted signal with two homogeneity intervals in order to achieve optimum efficiency of the process is proposed. |
|
Voltage impulse generator contains a power-supply source, a single design-engineering component consisting of several magnetically connected sections; each of them contains the first and the second conducting linings wound into a spiral and separated with a dielectric material, commutators, the commutators control system; the first linings of each section are connected in series; the second linings of each section are connected in parallel; the commutators are linked between the end of the first conducting lining and the beginning of the second conducting lining of each section of the single design-engineering component, the first output of the power-supply source is connected to the beginning of the first conducting lining of the first section, the second output of the power-supply source is connected to the outputs of the second conducting linings of each section. |
|
Centimetre-range microwave transmitter Centimetre-range microwave transmitter has a decoupling device, a p-i-n attenuator, a microwave amplifier, a load, a power supply and a modulator, as well as a waveguide for feeding the input microwave signal, a frequency code decoder, a connector pin for feeding the carrier-frequency code, a connector pin for connecting a mechanical interface, a connector pin for feeding commands for switching on-board radar modes. The frequency code decoder includes series-connected matching device, control device, digital-to-analogue converter (DAC), controlled current source, and the microwave amplifier includes series connected first travelling-wave tube (TWT1), intermediate path, second travelling-wave tube (TWT2), output path. |
|
Method to generate high-frequency signals Method includes conversion of energy of a source of continuous voltage into energy (HF) of a signal, interaction of an HF signal with a circuit of direct transfer, arranged from a triple-pole non-linear element and a reactive quadripole (RQ), a load and an external feedback circuit (FB), completion of excitation conditions in the form of a balance of amplitudes and a balance of phases, which accordingly determine amplitude and frequency of generated HF signals, performance of conditions for matching of the direct transfer circuit with the load and matching of the load with a control electrode of a triple-pole non-linear element, at the same time the load is made in the form of the first dipole with complex resistance, the external circuit (FB) is an arbitrary quadripole, values of parameters of the reactive quadripole are selected in accordance with the specified mathematical expressions. |
|
Method to generate high frequency signals and device for its implementation Method to generate high frequency signals is based on conversion of energy of a DC voltage source into energy of a high frequency signal. Excitation conditions in the form of balance of amplitudes and balance of phases are simultaneously arranged at the specified number of frequencies due to interaction of high frequency signals with a radio circuit in the form of a dipole non-linear element with a negative differential resistance, connected between a quadripole arranged from resistive dipoles, and a load into a longitudinal circuit, and an additional dipole connected to the quadripole input, the complex resistance of which performs a function of resistance of a source of an input high frequency signal of a generator in the mode of amplification, and due to selection of values of alleged components of resistances of an additional dipole xm0 and a load xmn based on the condition for provision of a stationary generation mode, in accordance with mathematical expressions. |
Another patent 2513535.