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Installation comprises: sources of synthesis-gas and olefins, connected to reactor via purification devices, successively connected by means of pipelines with reactor input gas-liquid separator and evaporator, collector of bottom residue of which is connected with reverse pipeline of liquid recycle, with output of aldehydes from evaporator being collected with rectification column via collector-separator, as well as unit for discharge of waste catalyst and heavy reaction products. Installation is provided with sensor of liquid level, installed in collector of bottom residue; device for preparation of fresh catalyst solution, connected with reverse pipeline of liquid recycle and made in form of mixer with dosing device of catalyst components, with unit for discharge of waste catalyst and heavy reaction products being made in from of successively connected pump with device of its switching on and off, meter of liquid flow, device for distilling aldehydes from waste catalyst solution and connected with meter of liquid flow and dosing device of catalyst components of actuator, with output for aldehydes from device for their distillation from waste catalyst solution being connected with mixer of device for preparation of fresh catalyst solution, and sensor of liquid level is located with device of pump switching on and off. |
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Method of controlling process of producing potassium chloride Invention can be used in production of potassium chloride using a halurgic method. The method of controlling the process of producing potassium chloride by varying the input water stream includes controlling the flow of water into the solution fed for crystallisation depending on the weight flow rate thereof, content of potassium chloride, magnesium chloride and crystalline sodium chloride therein and temperature thereof. The method includes calculating the degree of saturation of the solution with potassium chloride, the increase factor of the concentration of the saturated solution with sodium chloride for degree of saturation with potassium chloride of less than 1, the increase factor of the degree of saturation of the solution with sodium chloride due to content of crystalline sodium chloride therein. The volume flow rate of the solution is determined and the weight flow rate of the solution is determined from the obtained data. The potassium chloride saturation concentration of the solution, total concentration of NaCl, concentration of MgCl2 and water in the solution is then calculated. The measured and calculated values of process parameters are input into the water flow rate control system. |
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Filter element cleaning control device Invention relates to water supply system filter element cleaning control means. Proposed device consists of control gadget composed by signal normalisers, comparator, power supply, annunciator incorporated with microcontroller and output signal amplifier. Note here that ultrasound radiator is used for filter element cleaning. This device is operated by the head in water supply circuit. Water moves from inlet to outlet and from inlet to discharge side. Note here that said control device outputs valve servo drive close signal at increase in pressure at water supply line inlet by preset amount when for filtering and servo drive open signal for flushing purposes. Besides, it can activate the ultrasound radiator and, at filter element cleaning completion, it outputs valve servo drive open signal to discharge filter precipitate. When pressure at water supply line inlet equals that at its outlet, this control device closes the valves for flushing mode and opens the valves for filtering. |
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Method for automatic control of process of meat preserves sterilisation Invention relates to meat processing industry, in particular, to meat preserves production. The method envisages modification of values of air pressure in the autoclave, temperature in the autoclave, water pressure in the autoclave, water level in the autoclave by way of their comparison with the preset values and maintenance at the optimum level. The temperature maintenance in the autoclave is performed by way of steam pressure differential adjustment in the autoclave and in the jar; during the autoclave heating, before sterilisation, high pressure acute steam is used. |
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Method of automatic control over cooked-dried barley Invention relates to automation of processing and can be used for production of cooked-dried barley. This process comprises hydrothermal processing of product in washing, cooking and drying chambers. Used water is first derived to filter for cleaning and, then, to heat exchanger with fresh water feed and heating by used steam of cooking chamber. Product cooking with feed of spraying water, drying of cooked product wit circulation of used superheated steam and its tapping to cooking chamber. Measured are initial moisture and initial product consumption at washing chamber inlet, consumption and temperature of washing water at washing chamber inlet, consumption and moisture of product at cooking chamber inlet, consumption and temperature of saturated steam from cooking chamber to heat exchanger, consumption of excess superheated steam, moisture of dried product and equalised adjustment of consumption and temperature of material and heat flows in aforesaid chambers. |
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Method of controlling process of polymerisation of ethylene propylene synthetic rubbers Invention relates to method of control by quality parameters in production of ethylenepropylene rubbers based on models of calculated quality parameters, which are adapted to current technological mode. Method provides rapid adaptation of model to changing process characteristics and control of technological process. Method includes calculation of Mooney viscosity, estimation of error of Mooney viscosity calculation and calculation of constant, providing adaptation of model to changing process characteristics, and formation of controlling impact. |
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Method of controlling process of butyl rubber drying Method consists in the supply of the wet butyl rubber crumb into an expeller, mixing in the expeller, realisation of the process of throttling, obtaining the dried rubber crumb. The preliminarily dried in the expeller crumb is supplied into an expander, after the expeller division of the crumb flow into two flows is carried out in a ratio of 9:1, one flow in a quantity of 90% of the total flow is supplied directly to the expander input, the second flow in a quantity of 10% of the total flow is irrigated on a transporter with a water solution of a drying agent, as such used is ammonium hydrocarbonate (porofor), synthesised by mixing separate flows of ammonium, carbon dioxide and water at a temperature from 0°C to +5°C in a packed column. The solution of the drying agent ammonium hydrocarbonate is cooled in a refrigeration circuit to a temperature of -3÷0°C, used in irrigation of the second flow of the rubber crumb pulp, to reduce the temperature of the rubber crumb on the output from the transporter to a temperature of +10÷+13°C. The second flow is supplied to the expander input to mix with the first flow of the crumb. Further rubber drying to the moisture content of 0.01-0.05 wt % is carried out. Control over the drying process is performed by a value of difference of temperatures of the drying agent ammonium hydrocarbonate solution before and after irrigation with it of the rubber crumb by means of an automated control system (ACS), which analyses information from sensors of the solution consumption and temperature: readings of the sensors of temperature of the drying agent ammonium hydrocarbonate solution are taken before and after irrigation with it of the rubber crumb, difference of temperatures is analysed, readings of flowmeters of consumprion of the drying agent ammonium hydrocarbonate solution are taken before and after irrigation with it of the rubber crumb, difference of the solution consumption is analysed. In case of deviation from a programmed value, the ACS sends controlling commands to change the temperature of the drying agent by changing refrigerant consumption in a refrigeration circuit. The controlling commands are sent to a circulation pump to change consumption of the flow of the drying agent ammonium hydrocarbonate solution, supplied for irrigation of the rubber crumb until the specified temperature of the crumb is achieved. |
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Method of controlling process of reducing sulphurous flue gases Method of controlling the process of reducing sulphurous flue gases with natural gas in the presence additional oxygen, involving treatment of flue gases to obtain sulphur in a thermal step and at least one catalytic step, involves controlling the flow rate of natural gas and total flow rate of oxygen into the thermal step based on a preset empirical functional relationship between concentration values of components of the tail gas, flow rate of components of the flue gas and temperature in the thermal reactor chamber. To this end, the method involves measuring the current temperature in the thermal reactor chamber, determining volume flow rate of O2 and N2 in the flue gas and concentration of H2S, COS and SO2 in the tail gas and calculating compensation factors, based on which the flow rate of natural gas and oxygen into the thermal step is adjusted simultaneously. Flow rate of oxygen is defined as the difference between the calculated total flow rate of oxygen and the flow rate of oxygen coming in with the flue gas. |
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Information measuring system for monitoring working condition parameters Information measuring system for monitoring working condition parameters comprises a monitoring unit, signal converters, temperature, noise and illumination sensors, noise and illumination signal converters for each sensor, devices for setting maximum and minimum temperature values, maximum allowable noise and illumination levels, a comparator for each device for setting allowable values of measured temperature, noise and illumination parameters, logic elements for maximum and minimum temperature values, noise values, illumination, ROM for maximum and minimum temperature values, noise and illumination levels, four shift registers, counters for maximum and minimum temperature, noise and illumination values, a control unit and a generator, wherein the system further includes a magnetic flux density sensor with a converter, a magnetic flux density setting device, a comparator for the magnetic flux density setting device, a logic element for maximum values of magnetic flux density, ROM for maximum values of magnetic flux density, a shift register, a counter for maximum values of magnetic flux density. |
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Method and device for adjustment of power fed to electrostatic precipitator Invention relates to control over electrostatic filter. Proposed method comprises the steps whereat: algorithm of control over power applied between at least one precipitation electrode 28 and one discharge electrode 26. Note here that said control algorithm includes direct or indirect adjustment of at least one power range VR1, VR2 and that of power linear variation rate RR1, RR2. Process gas temperature T1, T2 is measured to select, when said algorithm includes power range adjustment, the power range VR1, VR2 proceeding from measured temperature T1, T2 while magnitudes VT1, VT2 to upper limit of power ranges VR1, VR2 at high process gas temperature T2 is lower than that at low process gas temperature T1. Power adjustment rate RR1, RR2 is selected proceeding from measured temperatures T1, T2 when said algorithm includes power linear variation adjustment rate. Note here that power adjustment rate RR1, RR2 at high temperature T1 is lower than that at low temperature T2. Algorithm of control over power applied between at least one precipitation electrode 28 and one discharge electrode 26 is used to adjust said power. |
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Method of automatic control over rectification and device to this end Invention relates to automatic control over rectification and can be used in chemical, pharmaceutical, petrochemical and food industries. Proposed method consists in adaptive control over temperature profile top point by varying reflux flow rate depending upon current losses of raw stock, compensation of disturbing effects caused by feed mix, forecasting of concentration by mathematical model of column top. Proposed device comprises rectification column, temperature gages, column top and bottom temperature controllers, fed mix temperature controllers, superheated steam flow rate controllers, reflux condenser, two heat exchangers arranged in line of distillation residue discharge and feed mix feed line, rectification column current efficiency identification unit, two chromatographs arranged at said discharge and feed lines. Outputs of said chromatographs are connected with target product concentration controller. Besides it includes reflux flow rate controller, target product consumption controller, column distillation product level controller, setting device for reflux flow rate controller and column top temperature controller, as well as disturbing effects compensator controller. |
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Method of controlling polymerisation process when producing butyl rubber Method is carried out via copolymerisation of isoprene and isobutylene in a reactor in an inert solvent in the presence of a catalyst. The method involves loops for controlling flow of the mixture, catalyst, a stopper, liquid and gaseous ethylene. An automatic reactor launch subsystem is used in addition to the control system in operating mode. This operation is carried out in two steps, the first of which involves transitioning the control object to operating temperature, which is carried out either only using the catalyst flow control channel or with further use of the ethylene pressure control channel. The control device is a certain regulator. The second step involves switching to the operating point of the process parameter space, which is carried out by switching the ethylene pressure release loop to a nominal value. |
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Method and apparatus for automatic control of aeration tanks Method for automatic control of aeration tanks involves feeding waste water into aeration tanks (8, 10) through controllers (7, 9) with actuating mechanisms (16). Signals from the waste water (1) flow sensor and sensors for measuring the degree of contamination of influx of waste water (3) are transmitted to inputs (17) of a logic programmable unit (6) with an established mathematical model. The logic programmable unit (6) compares the current load with a given constant load for the first group of aeration tanks (8) and transmits the signal to the waste water (7) feed controller, which enables to feed waste water with variable flow rate into the first group of aeration tanks (8) and a constant hourly load on waste water contaminants. The remaining portion of waste water is fed with a variable flow rate through a second waste water (9) feed controller into the second group of aeration tanks (10) with variable specific load on waste water contaminants. The apparatus has sensors of the amount of recycled active sludge (4), sensors for measuring the degree of contamination of waste water (3), outputs of which are connected to corresponding inputs (17) of the logic unit (6). |
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Control of gas phase polymerisation reactor Method includes determination of reactor efficiency ratio by polymer to pressure in a reactor, setting of reactor efficiency by polymer, and such efficiency on the basis of the specified ratio by the step corresponds to the desired pressure in the reactor, and correction of speeds of monomer supply into the reactor in accordance with the specified set efficiency. |
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Control method of liquid-phase thermal conversion of heavy hydrocarbon raw material Invention refers to a control method involving control of reactor pressure and control of residence time of reaction mass in reaction zone by controlling the weight of reaction mass in the reactor; weighing of the reactor with reaction mass is performed, and weight of reaction mass in reaction zone is calculated as difference of weights of filled reactor and empty reactor. |
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Method of control over clarification of suspension as domestic effluents by sedimentation Invention relates to purification of domestic effluents. Proposed control process consists in distribution of effluents flow over parallel sedimentation tanks control over discharge of clarified flow from each said tank at equal rate and in equal time irrespective of load thereat. This constant equality results from the use of signals of transducers of effluents inflow rates into said tanks and those of clarified water discharge for control over discharge actuator that control the valves in clarified water channels. |
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Method of load distribution between gas production complex gas drier shop process lines Invention relates to production of natural gas, in particular, to gas drying with application of ACS PE to complex gas processing of gas condensate deposits in Far North. Gas flow rate ACS PE means are controlled in every ith process line of said complex and compared with maximum permissible magnitudes and to automatically maintain said flow rate to conform with relationship Hydraulic resistance of absorbers of every gas processing line is estimated. Only inspected absorbers with completely recovered serviceability are operated at maximum efficiency. Absorbers operated for a long time run in partial load mode. For this ACS PE defines the correction for absorber output ΔQi with allowance for parameters the measurement of which is impossible or unreasonable. Said correction is used to set and to maintain the output of every ith absorber at the level calculated by the formula Q result. i=Qi-ΔQi, where Qi is the design magnitude of required efficiency of ith process line. Note here that ACS PE follows the conditions consisting in that total output of gas production complex equals the magnitude set of central dispatcher service for gas production complex. |
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Invention relates to an improved method of producing acetic acid comprising the following steps: reacting methanol with carbon monoxide in a reaction vessel containing water, methyl iodide and methyl acetate in the presence of a group VIII metal based carbonylation catalyst; separating products of said reaction into a volatile product phase containing acetic acid and a less volatile phase; distilling said volatile phase in a distillation apparatus to obtain a purified product of acetic acid and a first overhead fraction containing methyl iodide and acetaldehyde; condensing at least a portion of said overhead fraction; measuring density of said condensed first overhead fraction; determining relative concentration of methyl iodide, acetaldehyde or both in the first overhead fraction based on the measured density; and adjusting at least one process control parameter associated with distillation of said volatile phase as a response reaction to said relative concentration. The invention relates to a method of producing acetic acid comprising the following steps: reacting methanol with carbon monoxide in a reaction medium containing water and methyl iodide in the presence of a group VIII metal based carbonylation catalyst; performing vapour-liquid separation in said reaction medium to obtain a vapour phase containing acetic acid, methyl iodide, acetaldehyde and water, and a liquid phase; distilling said vapour phase in a distillation apparatus to obtain a purified acetic acid product and at least a first overhead fraction containing acetaldehyde and methyl iodide; condensing said first overhead fraction; extracting said first overhead fraction with water to obtain a raffinate containing methyl iodide and an aqueous extract; measuring density of at least one stream selected from a group consisting of said first overhead fraction, said raffinate and said aqueous extract; determining relative concentration of methyl iodide, acetaldehyde or both in at least said first overhead fraction, said raffinate and said aqueous extract based on the measured density; and adjusting at least one process control parameter associated with either distillation of said vapour phase or extraction of said first overhead fraction as a response reaction to said relative concentration. |
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Method of catalytic reforming control Invention is related to oil refining industry, in particular, to methods of catalytic reforming control for production of high-octane petrol. The invention is applied to the method that includes regulation of temperature profiles for reactor sequence, calculation of octane number increment for each reactor, temperature at the input of raw materials to reactors, anticipated run time for catalyst, assessment of relative catalyst activity and selection of rate for change in catalyst deactivation which forecasts identical (with preset accuracy) period of catalyst operation for each reactor till critical values of deactivation occur; at that the mode is regulated so that the time between catalyst regenerations reaches maximum value provided that preset qualitative indicators are obtained and reaching of required temperature for raw materials is determined on the basis of preset conditions. |
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Device for monitoring and controlling thermal spraying process Device has an illuminator, a video camera, an optical trap, a retroreflective mirror and a computer. A photodetector is optically connected to the video camera. A pyrometre is optically connected to a second photodetector. The illuminator, video camera, optical trap, retroreflective mirror and the photodetectors are located on the moving head of the spraying device. |
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Method of controlling process of producing potassium chloride Invention can be used in inorganic chemistry. The method of controlling the process of producing potassium chloride by varying the input flow of water involves controlling the flow rate of water in the solution coming in for crystallisation depending on the flow rate and temperature of the solution, concentration of potassium chloride, magnesium chloride and sodium chloride therein, calculating the flow rate of water in the solution coming in for crystallisation while transmitting the calculated values to a water flow rate control system, and calculating saturation concentration of the solution with respect to sodium chloride. Further, the flow rate of the cooled mother solution after extraction of crystalline potassium chloride therefrom in the hot solution coming in for crystallisation, temperature thereof and content of magnesium chloride therein are measured. The obtained parameters are used to calculate flow rate of water in order to prevent crystallisation of sodium chloride when cooling the mother solution. |
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Labour conditions parameter monitoring device Device includes the following: monitoring unit, signal converters, temperature, noise and illumination sensors, noise and illumination signal converters per each sensor, setting devices of minimum/maximum values of temperature, maximum allowable noise and illumination levels, comparator per each setting device of maximum allowable values of measured parameters of temperature, noise, illumination, logic element of maximum/minimum temperature values, logic elements of noise and illumination values, read only memory of maximum/minimum temperature values, read only memories of noise and illumination levels, four shift registers, counter of maximum/minimum temperature values, counters of noise and illumination values, control unit, generator, electric field intensity sensor with converter, electric field intensity setting device, comparator for electric field intensity setting device, logic element, counter and read only memory of maximum values of electric field intensity, and shift register. |
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Method of water cleaning and decontamination Set of intention relates to water treatment and may be used in various industries. First, chlorinated coagulant is subjected to electrochemical treatment at membrane or diaphragm electrolysis unit 3 with insoluble electrodes to produce high-basic coagulant and gaseous chlorine. High-basic coagulant is mixed with water flow fed into settler 4 for coagulation and flocculation of undissolved suspensions and mechanical impurities. Gaseous chlorine withdrawn from electrolysis unit is fed into chlorine proportioner 6 to make bleaching water. Said water is fed for decontamination in cleaned water flow between said settler 4 and mechanical filter 8. |
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Method of adjusting water treatment processes in contact clarifiers and device to this end Set of invention relates to water treatment. Water to be treated is fed into bottom pool 15 of contact clarifier 14. Water flows via distribution system of perforated tubes 17, first, into supporting bed 16 and, then, in filtration bed 18. In motion of treated water from bottom to top, suspension flakes are formed and trapped in filtration bed pores Purified water flows into overflow chute 21 and, therefrom, into top pool 23 and, further, into purified water pipeline 24. Coagulation process in constrained conditions of filtration bed is controlled by adjustment of filtration rate on the basis of proximate analysis in real time of residual coagulant in water and in volume of filtration bed. Switching from filtration to flushing is performed proceeding from proximate analysis of initial water colour, turbidity and alkalinity as well as colour and turbidity at contact clarifier outlet. Time and intensity of flushing are adjusted by sedimentation proximate analysis of suspension at clarifier outlet. |
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Method of controlling drying of cyclohexanone oxime Method of controlling drying of cyclohexanone oxime from an oximation step, involving further use of a separator with a phase separating device, having pipes for collecting ammonium sulphate and cyclohexanone oxime with collectors, wherein the outlet of the ammonium sulphate collector is connected to the first inlet of the ammonium sulphate collector of the first drying step, and the outlet of the cyclohexanone oxime collector is connected to the inlet of the separator of the first step with a flow sensor and a valve, the first outlet of which is connected to the second inlet of the ammonium sulphate collector of the first step, and the second outlet is connected to the cyclohexanone oxime collector of the first step, which is connected by a pipe to a pump and a vortex mixer to which ammonium sulphate is also fed, with a flow sensor and a valve, hydroxylamine sulphate with a valve and ammonia with a flow sensor and a valve, installed in front of a heat exchanger, after which medium pH and temperature sensors are installed, and the outlet of the vortex mixer is connected to the inlet of the separator of the second drying step with a phase separating device, having pipes for collecting ammonium sulphate and cyclohexanone oxime with collectors; the outlet of the ammonium sulphate collector is connected to the inlet of the ammonium sulphate collector of the second step with a pump, and the outlet of the cyclohexanone oxime collector is connected to the inlet of the cyclohexanone oxime collector of the second step with pressure and temperature sensors, connected to a filter and a pump for feeding cyclohexanone oxime for regrouping; control is carried out by setting flow rate of cyclohexanone oxime for drying, ammonium sulphate into the first and second drying steps, pH of the medium, concentration of residual cyclohexanone in cyclohexanone oxime and valves for feeding cyclohexanone oxime, ammonium sulphate to the first and second drying steps, ammonia and hydroxylaminesulphate are actuated, respectively. |
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Method of controlling extraction of caprolactam Disclosed is a method of extracting and purifying caprolactam from a mixture with water and impurities with trichloroethylene from lactam oil with subsequent re-extraction of caprolactam with water. Extraction is controlled in two stages connected to each other while feeding lactam oil, trichloroethylene and condensate to extractors of the first stage and re-extraction of caprolactam from trichloroethylene with water at the second stage with removal of caprolactam to the next stages, further comprising a pump for feeding lactam oil with a flow sensor and a valve, a pump for feeding regenerated trichloroethylene with a flow sensor and a valve, a pump for feeding circulation trichloroethylene with a flow sensor and a valve; a device for feeding a weak trichloroethylene solution into the middle part of the oscillating extractor of the first stage with a temperature sensor whose first output is connected to a pipe for feeding the raffinate into the rotory extractor of the first stage with a temperature sensor, and the second output is connected to the phase separation device of the oscillating extractor of the first stage, connected to the separator of the first stage, the first output of which is connected to the top part of the oscillating and rotary extractor of the second stage with temperature sensors, and the second output is connected to the middle part of the rotary extractor of the second stage, wherein regenerated trichloroethylene is fed into the top part of the rotary extractor of the second stage; a pump for feeding condensate with a flow sensor and a valve to the output of the caprolactam solution in trichloroethylene from the oscillating extractor of the first stage, the output of the rotary extractor of the first stage and through a pipe with a sensor and a valve to the middle part of the oscillating extractor of the second stage, into the bottom part of which condensate is fed from the collector with a sensor and a valve; wherein the output of the rotary extractor of the first stage is connected to the phase separation device of the rotary extractor of the first stage, connected to the separator of the second stage, the first output of which is connected to the top part of the oscillating extractor of the second stage, and the second output is connected to the collector; outputs of the bottom part of the oscillating and rotary extractors of the second stage are connected to the phase separation device of oscillating and rotary extractor, connected to the collector for distilling off trichloroethylene from water; the output of the top part of the oscillating extractor of the second stage is connected through the collector to the pump for distilling of trichloroethylene; wherein a pump with a flow sensor and a valve feed into the bottom part of the oscillating extractor a temperature sensor for distilling off ammonium sulphate, ammonium sulphate solution from the regrouping and neutralisation stage, wherein from the bottom part the stream is fed through the device for feeding weak trichloroethylene solution into the middle part of the oscillating extractor of the first stage, and ammonium sulphate solution from the top part of the oscillating extractor is fed into the ammonium sulphate collector, wherein the flow rate of lactam oil to extractors of the first stage is set and the flow rate of the regenerated and circulation trichloroethylene and condensate into extractors of the first and second stages is respectively corrected by adjusting the valve; flow rate of ammonium sulphate from the regrouping and neutralisation stage is set and corrected depending the flow rate to the extractor. |
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Method of controlling caprolactam distillation process Invention relates to a novel method of controlling the caprolactam distillation process, involving controlling the process of three-step distillation of caprolactam in the presence of an alkali, comprising collectors, evaporators, steam ejectors, condensers, while feeding crude caprolactam and steam and removing purified caprolactam, condensate, connected by pipes, further comprising pumps for feeding crude caprolactam and alkali with flow sensors, a valve and a filter; a packed column of dehydrated caprolactam for the first evaporator; condensers for the second evaporator; a high-boiling impurity evaporator connected to the third evaporator; a pump for feeding dehydrated caprolactam with a flow sensor and a valve to the second evaporator; a pump for feeding crude caprolactam with a flow sensor and a calve to the third step; a pump for feeding purified caprolactam with a flow sensor, a valve and filters; a pump for feeding wastes to the next steps; vacuum metres; a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor with valves for feeding steam into the evaporator, mounted on pipes; flow of crude caprolactam and alkali into the evaporators is set, as well as limiting values of temperature, residual pressure, pressure of heating steam in the evaporators and steam ejectors; current deviation of said parameters is determined and the valves for feeding steam into the evaporators and steam ejectors are adjusted accordingly, and purified caprolactam is directed further and wastes are taken for neutralisation. |
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Method to control thermal mode of delayed coking reactor Temperature parameter is measured. The temperature parameter is a profile of reactor sections wall temperatures on duration of a heating or a cooling stage for each section of the reactor. The actual temperature parameter is compared with the specified one. The specified profile of temperatures for each section of the reactor is calculated. Depending on the value of mismatch, the flow of a heat carrier or a cooling agent into the reactor is modified. |
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Method of controlling process of extracting emulsion rubber from latex Rubber is extracted from latex continuously by mixing latex with a coagulant. Consumption of coagulant is varied depending on the given turbidity value of serum (primary serum), which is maintained by the amount of coagulant fed. The given turbidity value of primary serum is adjusted depending on the turbidity of the serum released (secondary serum) towards the minimum consumption of coagulant to obtain minimum turbidity of the released serum. |
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Method to control process of chemical-technological enterprise Control method includes units and devices with functional division of a subsystem of information collection and input from a process object and distribution of material flows among production capabilities. The method may be recommended for usage of natural gas, atmospheric air, process gases in production of ammonia, caprolactam, ammonia nitrate, ammonia sulfate, polyamide and its derivatives, technical fabric, cord thread, engineering plastics and polyamide granulate. |
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Method to monitor efficiency of forward-flow steam generator of moist steam Fuel flow and calorific power, as well as steam line pressure are measured and calculated, at the same time additionally water flow and temperature in a pipeline to a deaerator are measured, as well as water flow and temperature in a pipeline from a deaerator to a steam generator. |
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Method and device for intensification of physical processes Adjustment of working potential parametres includes serial triple changes of voltage, current frequency and intervals of current interruption. At that values of energy consumption by object or its efficiency are recorded during each change of current parametres. Then current parametres are optimised. |
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Method of controlling potassium chloride production process Invention can be used in halurgic production. The method of controlling the process of producing potassium chloride involves control of input streams, distribution of a weak salt solution, determination of temperature of a hot saturated solution and concentration of salts in said solution. Further, density of the hot saturated alkali is measured. The density value is used to calculate content of magnesium chloride in the alkali. The amount of water required for setting the content of magnesium chloride to the control value and compensating for excess mother alkali is determined. The calculated value is used as a setting in the system for controlling consumption of water and excess mother alkali is taken out of the process: |
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Method of controlling hydroxylamine sulphate process Invention may be used in production of photo reagents, herbicides, medicines, and paintwork materials. Crystalliser 1 is used to this end that that comprises initial solution pickup 17, solution boiling point pickups 22, 23 used in making pulp forced by pump 2 to centrifuge 3 to separate crystals from mother solution. This method uses also return solvent flow rate pickup 18 and valve 19, flow rate pickup 20 to compensate solvent losses and valve 21, vessel 4 with mother solution and level pickup 24, mother solution feed pump 5 with flow rate pickup 25 and valve 26, column 6 to isolate solvent from mother solution with heat exchanger temperature pickups 27, 28, 29, heat exchange 11 with pressure gage 32 and valve 33, water circulation pump 7 to maintain rarefaction in column 6, condenser 8, cooler 9, and reflux collector 10 with pipelines. Portion of reflux is forced via flow rate pickup 30 and valve 31 into column 6, while another portion is directed into distillate collector 14 with level pickup 34 and valve 35. Then, pump 15 is used to feed return solvent via pipeline to inlet of crystalliser 1 for loss compensation. Water solution is directed from column 6 into vat liquid collector 12 and, further, for processing. Total load is set at crystalliser 1, as well as solvent-to-hydroxylamine sulphate ratio with flow rate correction. Crystalliser temperature is corrected as well as level in mother solution vessel 4, temperature in column 6, efflux flow rate and level in distillate collector 14. |
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Method of controlling process of dissolving potassium chloride Invention can be used in halurgic production. The method of controlling the process of dissolving potassium chloride involves controlling supply of ore depending on content of the useful component in input streams, measuring temperature of the ready solution and consumption of dissolving solution. The ore used is an electrolyte obtained during electrolysis of molten dehydrated synthetic carnallite having the following composition: KCl - 60-80 %, MgCl2 + CaCl2 - 7-9%, insoluble particles - up to 1 %, NaCl - the rest. Content of magnesium chloride in the ready solution, its consumption, content of potassium chloride in the halite wastes and its consumption are also measured. The obtained parametres are used to determine maximum content of potassium chloride in the ready solution. The optimum consumption of electrolyte is calculated and the calculated value is used as a setting in the electrolyte consumption control system: where G is consumption of electrolyte, t; Gr sol.is consumption of the ready solution, t; Gd sol.is consumption of the dissolving solution, t; Gw is consumption of the halite wastes,t; CKCle is content of potassium chloride in the electrolyte, %; CKCl r sol is maximum content of potassium chloride in the ready solution, %; CKCl d sol is content of potassium chloride in the dissolving solution, %; CKClw is content of potassium chloride in the halite wastes, %. |
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Milk heating and foaming automatic machine Proposed machine comprises steam generator, tank with milk to be processed, mixing chamber wherein milk flow is fed at preset flow rate and at least one steam flow at preset flow rate is fed through orifices of appropriate pipelines. Said chamber has mix discharge orifice and incorporates electrically driven peristaltic pump. Pump discharge and milk flow rate-to-steam flow rate can be adjusted to reach required temperature of finished product. Machine incorporates air source, pipeline connecting air source with mixing chamber to feed preset airflow, and milk foaming chamber arranged downstream of mixing chamber and communicated therewith, and having a hole to discharge heated and foamed milk. |
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Method of controlling potassium chloride production process Invention can be used in production of potassium chloride using a halurgic method. The method of controlling this process involves controlling flow of water into the solution for crystallisation depending on the concentration of potassium chloride and its temperature. Further, the flow of solution is measured and content of crystalline sodium chloride magnesium chloride in it is also measured. Flow of water into the incoming solution for crystallisation is calculated from the obtained parametres and the calculated values are entered as settings into the water flow control system: |
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Method to control carnallite ore dissolution Invention can be used in production of synthetic carnallite. Proposed method comprises adjusting ore feed depending upon the content of useful component in inlet flows and measurement of temperature. Besides solvent flow rate, solvent density and content of magnesium chloride therein and content of potassium chloride in carnallite ore flow are measured. Parametres thus obtained allow determining carnallite ore flow rate from the relationship indicated below to make setting to be incorporated with ore consumption control system: where Gore is the consumption of carnallite ore, t; Gsol is the consumption of solvent, t; is the content of potassium chloride in carnallite ore, %; is the content of free potassium chloride not bound in carnallite, %; is the content of magnesium chloride in saturated solution set by enterprise operating conditions to make 28.5±0.5%; is the content of magnesium chloride in solvent, %. |
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Method of controlling potassium chloride production process Invention can be used in production of potassium chloride using a halurgic method. The method of controlling this process involves controlling flow of water into the solution for crystallisation depending on the concentration of potassium chloride and its temperature. Flow of the solution and content of crystalline sodium chloride and magnesium chloride, flow of water for diluting the clarified saturated solution, flow of evaporated water in housings of the vacuum-crystallisation installation and temperature of the liquid phase in the said installation housings are also measured. Flow of water into the solution for crystallisation in the housing of the installation is calculated from the obtained parametres and the calculated values are entered as settings into the water flow control system: where is flow of water in the i-th housing or groups of housings of the vacuum-crystallisation installation, where i=1, 2, 3, 4…N depends on the number of housings, is flow of evaporated water in the i-th housing, t; is flow of water in housings which should be removed from the solution to obtain potassium chloride saturation αKCl=1 and sodium chloride saturation αNaCl=1, t; is flow of evaporated water in housing 1 until potassium chloride saturation αKCl and sodium chloride saturation αNaCl equal 1, t. |
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Method to control silvinite ore dissolution Invention can be used in production of potassium chloride. Proposed method comprises control over ore feed subject to content of useful component in inlet flows, measurement of ready solution temperature, density, temperature and consumption of dissolving solution. Additionally, content of potassium chloride in ready solution is measured after its defecation, as well as its consumption. Obtained data and temperature are used to determine roe feed to correct its main flow in compliance with the following relation, and calculated magnitudes are entered in proportioner control system: where ±ΔGore is ore consumption that corrects its main flow, t, symbol ± indicates a necessity to increase or decrease primary consumption of silvinite ore consumption; Gread sol is consumption of clarified solution, t; CKCIread sol is content of potassium chloride in clarified solution, %; CKCIore is content of potassium chloride in silvinite ore, %; αKCIread sol is saturation of clarified solution with respect to potassium chloride. |
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Method for control of operation mode of coke dry-quenching plant and device for its realisation Invention can be used in chemical-recovery industry. Coke is loaded into coke-cooler plenum 8. Circulating gases are removed from coke-cooler plenum 8 with the help of draft system 7 and supplied into waste heat boiler 2. Produced superheated steam is removed from waste heat boiler 2 along steam line 9. Downstream waste heat boiler 2 circulating gases again arrive into coke-cooler plenum 8. In order to control actual flow rate of circulating gases and maintenance of superheated steam temperature at specified level, data obtained from superheated steam temperature sensor 1, sensor 3 of circulating gases temperature at the inlet to waste heat boiler 2, sensor 4 of circulating gases temperature at the outlet from waste heat boiler 2 and sensor 5 of circulating gases flow rate is sent to control unit 6. After processing of obtained data, control unit 6 generates signal of draft system 7 control. |
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Hydroformylation process stabilisation Present invention relates to versions of a method of stabilising the hydroformylation process and a device for realising the said method. One version of the method involves reaction of one or more reagents, carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst to obtain an exhaust gas stream and a reaction product stream which contains one or more products, in which the method described above is realised at such partial pressure of carbon monoxide that, the rate of reaction increases when partial pressure of carbon monoxide falls, and falls when partial pressure of carbon monoxide increases; and in which the following steps of the process for stabilising the rate of reaction, total pressure, speed of the exhaust gas stream, reaction temperature or combinations thereof are carried out, process steps including at least one of the following process control schemata, selected from: Scheme A: (a1) setting a given total pressure; (a2) determination of total pressure and determination of the difference between the measured total pressure and the given total pressure; and (a3) based on the pressure difference measured at step (a2), manipulation of the stream of incoming gas which contains carbon monoxide in order to balance the measured total pressure to virtually the given total pressure; and Scheme B: (b1) setting a given speed of the exhaust gas stream; (b2) determination of the speed of the exhaust gas stream and determination of the difference between the measured speed of the exhaust gas stream and the given speed of the exhaust gas stream; and (b3) manipulation of the speed of incoming gas which contains carbon monoxide based on the difference in the speed of the exhaust gas stream measured at step (b2) in order to equalise the determined speed of the exhaust gas stream virtually with the given speed of the exhaust gas stream. |
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Reagent dosing method and equipment for implementation Group of inventions related to oil industry, to dosing methods and equipment of reagents, such as demulsifying agents and corrosion inhibitors - oil development and preparation at fields and can be used at oil treatment and water preliminary discharge plants. Preliminary equalise pressure in a reagent tank and accompanying oil gas pipeline. Then regulate reagent flow rate, compare measured with flow metre reagent flow rate value in regulator with reagent flow rate target value, and according hose values difference create a control signal to a control valve, installed on pipe connecting nozzle to the tank. Device contains sealed tank with reagent, located over the pipeline top generating line. A section of a smaller diametre with nozzle mounted into the pipeline. The nozzle connected to the tank via pipeline, with reagent flow metre, connected to the regulator, reagent target flow rate signal transferred to the second end it, and outlet connected with control valve, installed on the pipe connecting nozzle to the tank. The reagent tank connected to the accompanying oil gas pipeline with equaliszing line. |
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Method of automatic control of ion-exchange sorption of amino acids from waste water Invention relates to a method of automatic control of ion-exchange sorption of amino acids from waste water and can be used in chemical, food and other industries. The method of automatic control of ion-exchange sorption of amino acids from waste water involves controlling concentration of components of waste water, measuring flow of liquid solutions and their level in reservoirs. Information on flow of the process of ion-exchange sorption of amino acids from waste water is sent to sensors for monitoring level in containers of incoming water, distillate and desorbing solution, acidity of incoming water and during its flow into ion-exchange columns, temperature of the distillate and desorbing solution, concentration of the target component in the incoming water and water at the outlet of the ion-exchange columns and flow through secondary devices, a microprocessor and digital-to-analogue converters to actuating mechanisms for changing parametres of operation of the equipment depending on selected criteria. |
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First version of the method involves the following steps: distillation of a mixture which contains methyl iodide and acetaldehyde in a distillation apparatus in order to obtain an overhead fraction and a residue, measuring density of the said overhead fraction, determination of relative concentration of methyl iodide, acetaldehyde or both in the overhead fraction based on the measured density and regulation of at least one process variable, associated with the said distillation apparatus. As a response reaction to the said measured density or relative concentration calculated from the measured density, the said process variable is selected from heating intensity, column pressure, the composition fed, condensate composition and coefficient of flow reversal. |
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Stated invention is related to method and device, and may be used in the field of automation of mixed air flows parametres control in ventilation systems. Device for method realisation comprises metres of initial values of temperature and moisture content of mixed flows, metre of barometric pressure, outlets of which are connected to inputs of initial parametres processing and setting. Besides outlet of initial parametres processing and setting is connected to inlet of functional converter of temperature differences, and outlet of functional converter is connected with inlet of computing unit. Also outlet of computing unit is connected to inlet of temperature difference sign analysis unit, outlet of which is connected to inlet of outlet signal generator. Device outlet is outlet of outlet signal generator. |
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Method of regulating thermal decomposition of oil residues in tube furnaces Method involves measurement of a temperature parametre, comparison the actual temperature parametre with a given parametre and, depending on the difference value, reduction of this value by changing flow of fuel to burners of the corresponding section coil pipe of the furnace. The temperature parametre used is the temperature profile along the coil pipe and the given temperature profile for each section of the coil pipe is calculated using the formula where t - is relative temperature along the coil pipe, %; k- raw material conversion (gas + petrol), % per raw material; L - is the effective length of the coil pipe from its beginning to the ith point of measurement, % of the total length of the coil pipe of the furnace; α - is a coefficient of the formula; j - a coefficient index. |
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Method for operating mode of caprolactam production Invention refers to the method for operating mode of caprolactam production from benzene carried out in the plant with one process line including the stations of benzene hydrogenation with hydrogen, cyclohexane oxidation with oxygen, cyclohexanone rectification, oximation, cyclohexanone oxim rearrangement to caprolactam, neutralisation of the reaction mixture with ammonia and mixing of caprolactam. The said stations are connected with pumps, pipelines with sensors and valves for consumption control of benzene, hydrogen, cyclohexanone, hydroxylamine sulphate and oleum, sensor of acid value and pH-metre of caprolactam. The said line contains additionally the second process line of caprolactam production from phenol including the stations of phenol hydrogenation with hydrogen, dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol with circulation circuit including: pump - station of cyclohexanol dehydrogenation - station of cyclohexanone rectification - pump, station of cyclohexanone rectification, oximation with hydroxylamine sulphate, rearrangement of cyclohexanon oxim to caprolactam and neutralisation of the reaction mixture with ammonia connected by pumps and pipelines with sensors and valves for control of benzene, hydrogen, cyclohexanone, hydroxylamine sulphate and oleum consumption, sensor of acid value and pH-metre of caprolactam and contains the device of benzene-phenol ratio connected with stations of benzene and phenol hydrogenation, oxidation and dehydrogenation; device of cyclohexanone distribution to the oximation stations connected with rectification stations and (through the cyclohexanone mixing tank) with the oximation stations; device of crystalline caprolactam switch-over to liquid caprolactam connected with caprolactam mixer, concentrator of crystalline caprolactam and tank of liquid caprolactam. The total caprolactam capacity, benzene-phenol ratio, cyclohexanone distribution to oximation stations, shipping of crystalline and liquid caprolactam to customers are set up; the consumption of benzene, phenol, hydrogen, cyclohexanone, hydroxylamine sulphate and oleum are corrected with corresponding valves. |
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Production area environmental control device Invention relates to instrument making and can be used to control production area environments. Proposed device comprises regulator unit, control unit, temperature pickup, noise and illumination pickups. It also includes transducers of signals generated by the temperature, noise and illumination pickups. It incorporates setters of maximum and minimum tolerable temperatures, maximum tolerable noise and maximum tolerable illumination. The device includes comparator for every aforesaid setter and logical elements for every aforesaid controlled parametre. It incorporates the 1st , 2nd, 3rd and 4th logical elements, read-only memories for all controlled parametres, shift registers and counters of all aforesaid parametres. In compliance with this invention, the proposed device additionally comprises I/O units, communication unit, satellite receiver unit, power supply monitor, power buffer, ADC, real-time clock unit, RAM, nonvolatile memory unit. It incorporates, further on, real-time clock storage battery, relative humidity pickup with amplifier, airflow speed pickup with amplifier, environment heat load intensity pickup with amplifier, carbon oxide concentration pickup with amplifier, sulfur oxide concentration pickup with amplifier, nitrogen oxide concentration pickup with amplifier, ozone concentration pickup with amplifier, town gas concentration pickup with amplifier, power supply voltage pickup with amplifier and power supply. |
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Method for control of potassium chloride preparation Invention can be used in the process of potassium chloride preparation by the method of solution-crystallisation. The method for the control of the aforesaid process by the way of input water flow varying includes: 1) the adjustment of water flow fed into crystallisation alkali liquor depending on potassium chloride concentration in the liquor and water consumption for washing of crystallisation apparatus; 2) detection of the temperature, density and consumption of alkali liquor. The said measurements allow to determine the sodium chloride content in the alkali liquor. The crystallisation water consumption is calculated on the basis of the obtained data according to proposed equation; the calculated values are input as assignment to the system of water consumption control. |
Another patent 2551206.