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Hydrographic echosounder employs a first single-frequency emitter and a second double-frequency emitter, connected to the echo sounder separately. Means of processing reflected probing pulses take into account physical properties of the water medium, facilitate breakdown of the scanning range into time and/or range intervals, wherein the highest reflection intensity is successively selected, and an image of the bottom profile and oscillograms of the reflected signal are formed. |
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Parametric profile recorder comprises a synchroniser, an indication unit, a receiving path, a radiating path, which output is connected to the acoustic radiating antenna, the input of the receiving path is connected to the acoustic receiving antenna, and the output - with the signal input of the indication unit, the unit of setting quantities of permissible deviation of angles of the radiation directions of the probing signal from the vertical, the unit of comparison, the coincidence circuit, and the control unit of the angle of inclination, which output is connected to one of the inputs of the unit of comparison. The unit of setting quantities of permissible deviation of angles of the radiation directions of the probing signal from the vertical is connected to the other input of the unit of comparison, which output is connected to one input of the coincidence circuit, and the second input of which is connected to the output of the synchroniser, and the output of the coincidence circuit is connected to the control inputs of the indication unit, the receiving path, the radiating path and the input of the synchroniser allowance. |
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Ultrasonic doppler audio device for monitoring blood flow with pitch shifting Imaging system comprises an ultrasound probe, operating at an ultrasonic Doppler transmission frequency f0, a Doppler demodulator which produces Doppler shift signals from the velocity of blood flow in an audio frequency band, a Doppler information display, an audio Doppler system, responsive to the Doppler shift signals, which produces a pitch-shifted Doppler audio signal without changing the displayed blood flow velocity. A Doppler audio system is responsive to a user control device in order to shift the pitch of Doppler-shifted signals by a fraction or whole number of cycles in order to maintain the tone quality of Doppler audio signals. |
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Method for real-time determination of depth during bottom topography survey with side-scan sonar Invention relates to hydroacoustics. The method for real-time determination of depth during bottom topography survey with side-scan sonar, with subsequent reconstruction thereof, includes measuring the delay time of in-phase signals of bottom reverberation received by two antennae, spaced apart on the vertical by several wavelengths of elastic vibrations, and resolving measurement uncertainty, calculating depth, wherein to achieve the technical result, the instantaneous frequency of the signal in a lower channel is recorded each time phases interfering signals match, measuring the delay time of the appearance of a signal in the upper channel with the same instantaneous frequency value; multiplying the measured value of delay time with the value of the operational frequency of the interferometer; determining the sequence numbering of the series of measurements of the delay in arrival of in-phase signals in the period of each probing in real time; calculating depths which correspond to each interference band; and subsequent reconstruction of the bottom topography based on the depth measurements includes estimating representativeness (significance) critical points of the topography by presenting a smooth continuous surface of the bottom topography using a Kronrod-Rib tree. The side-scan sonar includes a probing pulse generator 1, a receiving-transmitting upper antenna 2, a time tn measuring circuit 3, a receiving-transmitting lower antenna 4, an interferometer 5, a time Δtn measuring circuit 6, a selector 7, a frequency detector 8, a reference generator 9, a storage device 10, an amplitude comparing circuit 11, a frequency detector 12, a computer 13, an antenna switch 14, a display and recording device 15. |
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Method of surveying bottom topography of water area and apparatus therefor Unlike the existing method, the present method includes, while emitting hydroacoustic signals towards the bottom, performing magnetic survey using a gradient metre which is towed 5 m from the bottom, seismoacoustic profiling using a profile recorder with operating frequency of 3.5 kHz, measuring the sea level, when processing depth measurements, further performing linear interpolation of the obtained bottom surface through triangulation, when mapping the obtained information with determination of geodesic coordinates of the depth measurements, evaluating the degree of spatial homogeneity of coverage of the survey region by measurement points by determining outer boundaries (contour) of the survey region using the apparatus for surveying the bottom topography of the water area, which consists of a transceiving antenna, a transmitting unit, a receiving-measuring unit, a control unit, a unit for determining the average speed of sound in water, a unit for collecting and processing information and mapping the bottom topography, a multibeam echo sounder, a unit for imaging the region of the bottom topography, a hydroacoustic Doppler log, a satellite navigation system receiver, a heading system, a roll measuring device, characterised by that the apparatus for surveying the bottom topography further includes a towed gradient metre, a profile recorder and a sea level metre, connected by their outputs to the inputs of the unit for collecting and processing information and mapping the bottom topography. |
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Creation of standardised protocols for analysis of three-dimensional echogram data Invention relates to medical systems of ultrasonic diagnostics with application of three-dimensional echogram data. System of ultrasonic diagnostic visualisation contains three-dimensional ultrasonic probe, tract of ultrasonic signal passage, connected to it display and unit of analytical processing of images, made with possibility of determining location of reference image in the set of data of three-dimensional images, manipulation with the set of data of three-dimensional images from projection of reference image, registration of manipulations with the set and reproduction of registered manipulations from projection of reference image. In the second version of system implementation display is made with possibility of displaying images of three different planes of visualisation of the set of data of three-dimensional images, with display being used for displaying images for unit of analytical image processing, which additionally includes possibility of performing one or several manipulations aimed at changing image plane, transfer of target centre of visualisation plane into other anatomical location, rotation of visualisation plane around the axis and transfer of visualisation plane on specified distance. Method of registration of analysis protocol for data of three-dimensional ultrasonic image in system of ultrasonic diagnostic visualisation consists in obtaining the set of data of three-dimensional images of specified anatomical structure, identification of reference image, registration of manipulations with image projection, provision of manipulation with projections of images of data of three-dimensional images, starting with projection of reference image and finishing with desired final projection of image, and termination of registration. After that, second set of data of three-dimensional images of anatomical structure of the same type is obtained, reference image of second set of data of three-dimensional images is identified; registration is reproduced to perform manipulation with projections of images of second set of data of three-dimensional images with termination with desired final projection of image. |
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Method of composition and calculation of volume in system of ultrasound visualisation Invention relates to means of measuring body volume in the process of ultrasound visualisation. Method of automatic composition of volume in system of ultrasound visualisation contains stages, at which set of data of 3-dimensional object image is collected; user selects first surface of interest in the data of 3-dimensional image, with said first surface containing first cut of object; main axis of first cut on first surface of interest is automatically determined, first set of planes from the data of 3-dimensional image is specified, with said planes not being parallel to main axis of first cut, however being parallel to each other with specified distance between two successive planes along main axis; contour of each second cut is automatically drawn for, at least, two planes from first set of planes, each of which contains respective second cut of object; automatic composition of object volume is carried out by superposition of contours drawn in two planes from first set of planes along main axis and by placement of planes at specified distance. Method of calculating volume in ultrasound system includes composition of object volume, with each plane from set of planes being perpendicular to main axis of first cut, after which partial volumes, contained between two successive planes in set of planes on main axis of first cut are calculated and summed up. Device for method realisation contains means for collecting set of the data of 3-dimensional image by means of ultrasound, means of displaying, at least, image of first cut of object, means of selection by user of first surface of interest in the data of 3-dimensional image, means for determination of main axis of first cut of object on surface of interest, means of specifying first set of planes from the data of 3-dimensional image, means of drawing in, at least, two planes from first set of planes, each of which contains respective second cut of object, contour of each second cut, and means of object volume composition. Composition of device also includes computer-readable carriers, whose software contains commands for realisation of methods. |
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Method of evaluating geologic structure of top layers of bottom Parameters of bottom sediments are obtained based on experimental measurements of the spatial interference structure of an acoustic field in a given area and subsequent comparison thereof with results of solving a wave equation with given boundaries, parameters of which vary within a given range during mathematical estimations. Bottom parameters are obtained as a result of the best match of experimental data with data of the solution of the wave equation. |
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Interventional navigation with application of three-dimentional ultrasound with contrast enhancement Invention relates to medical equipment, namely to systems of diagnostic visualisation with ultrasound. Method lies in introduction of contrast-enhancing preparation into monitored tissue, obtaining, during period of preparation action, support 3D CEUS volume and information of monitoring and picture in real time of monitored tissue, formation of multiplanar picture reconstruction of (MPR) with contrast enhancement (CEUS), for one of obtained pictures in real time, representation of obtained picture in real time, showing instrument within required part, and corresponding picture MPR CEUS for interventional navigation, after expiration of the period of contrast enhancement action. In the second version of method picture MPR CEUS is spatially registered with corresponding obtained images in real time. In the third version of method implementation maximal intensity projection (MIP) is formed as function of, at least, obtained 3D CEUS volume and information of monitoring and pictures in real time and is represented with instrument within required part. System contains ultrasound scanner, made with possibility of introduction of contrast -enhancing preparation into monitored tissue, obtaining support 3D CEUS volume and information of monitoring and formation of corresponding multiplanar picture reconstruction (MPR) with contrast enhancement (CEUS), and representation device, connected with it for representation of obtained pictures in real time. |
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Method for stereophotography of the bottom topography of a water body involves moving sonar equipment by a hydrographic ship which is fitted with devices for measuring speed and heading, a depth metre, a receiver-indicator of a satellite navigation system and/or a receiver-indicator of a radio navigation system connected to the ship computer. The sonar equipment is in form of a hydrographic side-scanning echograph which radiates probing pulses and receives signals reflected from the bottom surface, whose intensity is continuously recorded, parallactic shift between corresponding records of images of the bottom topography of the water body on echograms of two loggers and their geodetic coordinates are determined and stereo maps of the bottom topography of the water body are constructed based on the obtained data. A digital map of the bottom relief of the water body is first formed based on archival data. Antennae of the sonar equipment are placed in the vertical plane, each on board of the hydrographic ship. The obtained discrete measurements are used to construct a digital map of the bottom relief; Topographic analysis of the topography is carried out to plot a Kronrod-Rib graph and Morse-Smale complexes for each piecewise linear surface and fractal parametres of the topography are estimated. The apparatus has two receive-transmit antennae, two electromechanical recorders, a plotting device, a unit for determining parallactic shift between corresponding records of images of the topography on loggers of the electromechanical recorders, a stereo map of the bottom topography of the water body and data-connected to the ship computer; the apparatus further includes a functional unit, an inertial measurement module connected to the receiver-indicator of the satellite navigation system and an electronic cartographic navigation system. |
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Hydroacoustic self-contained wave recorder Wave recorder includes a piezoceramic emitter of sendings of carrier frequency, which are shaped by a heavy-pulse generator built on the basis of two SMD switches of complementary conductivity type and series resonance circuit. Acoustic sendings reflected from surface are received by reversible piezoceramic emitter, converted to digital form and processed by a microprocessor analyser provided with a correlation processing unit. |
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Method of reconstructing sea-floor relief when measuring depth using hydroacoustic apparatus Depth is measured with determination of an adjustment which is determined by the point where the hydroacoustic apparatus is installed. Vertical distribution of sound speed in water is determined from reflected signals. The sea-floor relief is reconstructed. The boundary zone which separates the continental slope from the shelf is selected from the obtained measurement results. The planetary structure of the sea-floor in the transition boundary zones between the slope and the shelf is determined by probing the sea-floor with acoustic waves and measuring the magnetic field. A tectonic map of transition boundary zones is constructed from the measurement results, from which the boundary of the continental shelf is determined by comparing planetary structures in transition boundary zones and planetary structures on dry land. The tidal level is additionally varied when measuring depth. |
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Hydroacoustic system for imaging underwater space Hydroacoustic system for imaging underwater space has antenna units for the portside and the starboard 1 and 1', receiving amplifiers 2 and 2', analogue-to-digital converters 3 and 3', power amplifiers 4 and 4', a multi-beam echo sounder antenna 5, receiving amplifier units 6, analogue-to-digital converter units 7, a power amplifier unit 8, a roll measuring device 9, a depth measuring device 10, a module for generating, receiving and packing signals 11, an interface unit 12, a navigation system 13 and an on-board computer 14. The invention provides a continuous band for scanning the bottom owing to that the invisibility band of the antennae of the portside and the starboard overlaps with the multi-beam echo sounder; formation of the bottom relief in real time, higher accuracy and reliability of imaging the relief due to high accuracy and reliability of eliminating ambiguity when calculating phase shift on antennae. |
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Apparatus has a multibeam echo sounder 1, a recorder 2, a control unit 3, a unit for determining corrections 4, a measuring receiving unit with an antenna 5, a transmitter with an antenna 6, sensors for measuring sound speed 7, 8, a measuring receiving unit with an antenna 9, a transmitter with an antenna 10, water temperature sensors 11, 12, hydrostatic pressure sensors 13, 14, a relay 15, a communication channel 16 of a satellite radio navigation system, horizontal and vertical displacement sensors 17, a magnetic compass 18, a stabiliser gyrocompass 19, a hydroacoustic communication channel 20, a relative velocity metre 21. |
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Method of surveying bottom topography of water body and apparatus for realising said method Disclosed method employs reference depths and coordinates (depths and coordinates on the surveyed water body) and calculation of increments of depths and coordinates as a difference between two adjacent distance vectors measured by a multi-beam echo sounder. That way, each depth and its geodesic coordinates are calculated as a sum of increments of adjacent depths and their geodesic coordinates, starting with the depth and geodesic coordinates of the point of the reference depth. A device for realising the method is also disclosed. |
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Method of surveying bottom topography of water bodies and apparatus for realising said method Sonar probing of the bottom is additionally carried out using a sonar sensor and/or surveying echosounder placed at different depth horizons from ship-borne hydroacoustic apparatus with possibility of movement thereof in the vertical and horizontal plane via sector scanning with scanning of directional characteristics in radiation mode of a parametric antenna with reception of reflected signals with an antenna of the same dimensions as the excitation antenna of the parametric antenna, wherein the width of the directional characteristic in reception mode is greater than the value of the angle of view, and the scanning plane of the antenna deviates from the vertical location position by an angle of 15 degrees towards the side of movement of the ship. A device for implementing method is also disclosed. |
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Invention may be used in executing meteorological interpolations including analysis of wind fields, radiological and chemical contamination, topographical interpolations and solving other problems, for example, research of ocean, applied problems caused by necessity in sea bed mapping to support research and design works in sea areas. |
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Method for forming of image of sea vessel contour according to radar surveillances A matrix is formed that contains echo-signals from the target and from the surface sea waves, whose columns serve as radar observation rules corresponding to the angular positions of the radar antenna, a bipolar matrix of wavelet-spectra is obtained, the elements of the like polarity that don't contain wavelet spectra of the echo-signals from the sea vessel hull are excluded from the matrix of the wavelet-spectra, the value of the binomization threshold is determined, binomization of the matrix of the wavelet-spectra is accomplished, the vessel image is separated by processing of the binomized matrix of the wavelet-spectra by a morphological filter. |
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Method of visualization of navigational situation in ship handling Proposed method includes storage of electronic radar chart of terrain, determination of radar antenna position, correlation of specific features of terrain and points of interest; electronic radar chart of terrain is formed during processing radar information and is stored in form of sequence of radar images recorded during test run of ship equipped with surveillance radar, personal computer, equipment for tie-in of surveillance radar with personal computer and equipment of satellite navigational system. Then, present radar image is compared with electronic radar chart to estimate deviation of ship from preset route and reliability of information received from satellite navigational system and surveillance radar. Position of surveillance radar antenna, coordinates of radar image centers used for forming electronic radar chart of terrain and center of present radar image are determined by tie-in of surveillance radar with personal computer and satellite navigational system, with display of ship's position, her coordinates, heading and speed at superposition of present radar image whose center is tied-in to geographic coordinates determined by satellite navigational system, registration of image with navigational electronic chart on geospatial information carrier where visualization of change of actual depth in fixed point of water basin in time is carried out, isolines of maximum tide fluctuations and surface of tide fluctuations, height of tide are plotted. Some areas of water basin where actual depth is lesser than permissible magnitude (draft plus safe depth) are determined. Structure of storage of geospatial information includes conversion of flat scanning of Earth to multilevel embedded squares each of which is indexed by code which is just longer Guilbert's curve for this square. Index thus found is used for finding objects having index with prefix equal to index of preset area. |
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Method of plotting sea bottom navigation chart Proposed method includes running around preset area and radiation of acoustic pulse signal towards sea bottom for each point of navigation chart, forming directional pattern of receiving antenna, reception and conversion of acoustic pulse signals reflected from interface into electrical signals which are amplified and separation of the envelope of these signals; the envelope of electric pulse signals from output of receiving channel is transmitted to analog-to-digital converter which takes accesses of the envelope at digitization frequency equal to double bandwidth of receiving channel from moment of radiation of acoustic pulse signal to moment equal to time required for its passage through preset depth and vice versa; accesses taken in this interval are divided into maximum magnitude of access in this interval; magnitudes are placed according to geographic coordinated and are stored in digital form as digital navigation chart of sea bottom. |
Another patent 2551345.