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Burner, installation and method of milled product drying using such burner Present invention relates, mostly, to installations for drying of various milled products, for example, milled products in sugar industry, or of those resulting from the distillation of starch-containing products (cereals) or of beetroot, or in forest industry. A burner to destroy substances, in particular, noncondensed waste coming out from the condenser of a drying plant; the said burner is operated by fuel, oxydiser and substances for burning, the burner comprises an axial feeding input to feed the burner with waste and a set of fuel injection nozzles distributed around the axial feeding input. A plant for drying of milled products, in particular, distillation products, comprises a drying drum (1) receiving the milled products to be dried at its input and fed by drying gas which is heated by a furnace (F) connected to a heat exchanger (2), the first separating device (4) to separate dried products and drying gases at the output of the drying unit (1), and condensing units (6) for condensation fed by the drying gas; the furnace comprises the burner fed by the noncondensed waste coming out from the condensing units (6) so that the said waste are delivered to the centre of the flame in the furnace (F) in the course of operation. Method for drying of milled products, in particular, distillation products, involves the stages when the products milled for drying are dried by the drying drum (1) fed by the heated drying gases with the help of the furnace (F) connected to the heat exchanger (2), the dried products and drying gases are separated at the output of the drying unit, and drying gases are condensed with the noncondensed waste being delivered to the centre of the flame in the furnace. |
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In a rotatory dryer comprising a cylindrical working chamber with a conveyor and moulds set inside, a loading device and an unloading device, the novelty consists in the fact that two parallel guides made from angle bars are placed inside the chambers circumferentially, a driving shaft is fitted by radial cross-pieces with vertical pins being installed at their ends, the distance between the pins is equal to the width of the moulds; the pins interact with the grooves made in the side walls of the moulds which are of trapezoidal form and travel along the two parallel guides in cycles with periodic dwells, the travel is actuated by the driving shaft through the following zones: loading zone, drying zone and unloading zone; under each drying zone there is a branch pipe installed for the supply of heat carrier with different speeds and temperatures, and above them there is an exhaust hood for the waste heat carrier, a pneumatic actuator is installed under the unloading zone and is used to lift the moulds from horizontal position to an inclined one, and an unloading bin is mounted by the inner side of the unloading zone. |
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System and method for five-side container drying Method involves application of waterborne paint onto inner surfaces and outer surfaces of a container and supply of heated air under pressure via an open side of the container for the purpose of, at least partial, drying of the paint on the inner surfaces and outer surfaces of the container. The system comprises a drying chamber and standard superchargers and heaters and can be installed in transportation premises. |
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Method of drying and thermo-wet processing of large-sized wood Method of drying and thermo-wet processing of large-sized wood is carried out by removing the free moisture by alternating the stage of heating the wood and vacuuming, the stage of creating air pressure for 10-15 minutes, and when removing the inherent moisture the stage of warming wood is carried out by radiation-contact method, in the heating process the wood is exposed to saturated water steam with the temperature of 150-180°C, at the stage of vacuuming the pressure in the device is lowered by law P = 3,0814 ⋅ e 0,0334 ( T h e a t − a T T c . m − T s u r . m R 2 ⋅ τ ) , where Theat is the temperature of wood after the previous stage of heating, °C; Tsur.m is the temperature of surface of the wood, °C; Tc.m is the temperature of the centre of the wood, °C; R is the radius or half the thickness of the wood, m; AT is the thermal diffusivity of wood, m2/s; τ is the current duration of the vacuuming stage, sec; the temperature difference between the surface and the centre of the wood (Tc.m-Tsur.m)=10÷12°C; after the termination of the vacuuming stage the wood is exposed to the air pressure of 5-10 atm. |
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Centrifugal sawn timber drying method Invention relates to artificial dehydration of timber and can be used at timber processing works. A method involving laying of sawn timber onto a flexible belt, formation of a pack of sawn timber on the outer surface of the pulley housing by winding the flexible belt with sawn timber laid onto it on the pulley housing on the outer side, balancing of the pulley with the pack of sawn timber and its rotation. |
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Bast raw material drying installation Bast raw material drying installation comprises a drying chamber consisting of several sections 1, conveyor 2, system of air ducts 4, 6 for heat carrier movement, guiding baffles 5 are mounted inside the drying chamber by its length, width, above and below the upper branch of the conveyor 2 with the certain pitch t and provide for the possibility of changing the inclination angle in relation to the horizontal plane. The guiding baffles 5 in every following drying section 1 are mounted with the rotation of 180° in the horizontal plane in respect to the guiding baffles 5 of the previous section 1. The aerodynamic system of the installation implies that the heated air in every successive drying section 1 moves perpendicular alternatively from the left or from the right in relation to the conveyor 2 travelling direction. |
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Method of drying boron-containing minerals Inventions can be used in field of chemistry, as well as in field of processing subterranean formations. Method includes stages of supply of boron-containing material, selected from the group, consisting of ulexite, probertite, kernite and their mixtures, introduction of boron-containing material into preliminarily heated to temperature from 426.7°C to 537.8°C furnace, as well as its heating for from approximately 5 min to approximately 120 min, removal of boron-containing material from furnace and cooling it to room temperature. Obtained is product with boron content within the range from 20% to 40% and time of cross-linking, determined by Vortex Closure Test method, which constitutes from 35% to 95% counted for the time of cross-linking with application of initial material, or increased time of cross-linking from 45% to 90% in comparison with the time of cross-linking of initial material. Obtained product is used as linking agent for obtaining liquid for performing fracture of subterranean formations. |
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Invention relates to equipment for continuous drying of loose and granulated materials. The device comprises a frame with a drive and a gear, a horizontally installed rotary drum with inner radius r=(0.5…6)λ, where γ - length of microwave in the free space. In the drum there is a loading device rigidly fixed to the frame, a transporting auger, rigidly connected to the drum, the last turn of which has height of h p1 £r- d hole 2 , where dhole - diameter of hole in the unloading end cover, mixing blades, rigidly fixed with pitch pb=15…90° along the inner surface of the drum, with height of hb=(0.1…0.5)hp and the unloading hole. Holes of beyond wave guides match with the unloading hole and are rigidly connected to the outer surface of the drum, besides, their total area should be more than or equal to the area of the unloading hole. The waveguide-slot resonant radiator is connected to a microwave generator. On top of this radiator there is a device for removal of steam and air mixture, and at the bottom - a device for heated air supply. Areas of connection of end covers with the drum and also areas of insertion of the specified devices are sealed with materials absorbing high-frequency electromagnetic radiation. |
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Invention relates to the field of wood processing and may be used, in particular, to dry saw timber. The method consists in the following: boards are laid into a stack made of packets, of at least two layers of boards, with separating elements in the form of racks, Between the packets they place film resistive electric heating elements that cover all cross-section area of the stack, besides, they lay a row of heating elements onto its upper surface, and the elements are equipped with reflectors of thermal flow arranged at the bottom and top of the film electric eaters for direction of heat inside the stack, power supply voltage is supplied to electric heaters. Drying is carried out by means of dry heating with the help of electric heating elements. The drying process is carried out cyclically depending on temperature of board heating by readings of a temperature sensor installed inside the board in the stack: as heating temperature achieves 40-45°C, the power to electric heaters is switched off, and as it reduces to 35-38°C, electric heaters are again switched on, drying is carried out at 35-45°C. The drying process is controlled by sensors of moisture and temperature, ventilation is switched on at moisture equal to 85-90% and switched off at moisture of 60-65%. To eliminate fog and dew accumulation on the surface of electric heaters, the latter are made with perforation. The drying process is completed in accordance with the specified readings of moisture of certain type of wood. |
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Plant for drying bast raw material In the plant for drying bast raw materials, comprising a heat-insulated chamber 1 divided into modules, provided with a conveyor 4, an adjusting layer limiter mounted over the horizontally located conveyor 4 with the ability of changing the height of location and angle of inclination in the transverse plane of the conveyor 4 in the direction of the coolant flow, the exhaust ports of the air distributor 6 on the side plane of the chamber 1, and the receiving windows of the air collector 7, mounted coaxially, on the opposite, a system 9 of hot air preparation, located outside the heat-insulated chamber 1, inside the air distributors 6 of the drying modules the adjustment planks 8 mounted are mounted along the path of the air with the ability of movement parallel or at an angle to the profile plane of the chamber 1 on which the exhaust ports of the air distributors 6 are mounted. |
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Air preparation device incorporating heat pump Proposed device comprises case with air ducts to feed and discharge air, chain conveyor arranged there inside to support frame with oil intake device. It comprises the bath arranged at the case bottom and divided into sections by different-height transverse baffles for oil bypassing towards airflow. Bath bottom sections are communicated with oil filter wherefrom heated oil is sent back via heat pump into the bath last section. Bath section bottom is composed of sediment collector with its walls inclined to discharge branch pipe via shutoff device. The latter is connected via filter with oil circulation system. Besides, it comprises the main and check filters, main and extra heaters. It differs from know designs that said frames is composed of screens stretched over the carcass. Oil intake is arranged at frame top section, over its width, and composed of oil vessel with one top and oil discharge bore at bottom. Oil feed pipe arranged downstream of check filter is connected to heat pump cooling circuit. Outlet pipe of the latter is connected via the pump to bath inlet while heat pump heating circuit is connected with extra heater inlet and outlet. Case top part accommodates the guide of frame lower parts that stay in horizontal position. |
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Method to prepare for dressing of difficult coals Method includes treatment of coal extracted from coal deposits for opening of its splices with rock. At the same time the coal is placed in layers at the intermediate storage, arranged on the southern slope of a knoll (mountain, hill) or a pit heap, the site of which has an angle of inclination 10-25°, exposed in spring-autumn periods to solar radiation with the number of "thawing-freezing" cycles with transition of temperature via 0°C equal to at least 7. Besides, the thickness of the coal layers is taken on the basis of the calculation sufficient for daily heating-cooling, and after thermal processing the coal is shipped from the warehouse for subsequent demineralisation. |
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Vortex straying drier for disperse materials Proposed drier comprises cylindrical drying chamber with nozzles arranged in chord to feed heat carrier, axes of said nozzles being located tangentially to imaginary circle. Besides it incorporates sprayer located in chamber axis. Note here that said drying chamber is composed by two different-diameter cylinders, smaller of which features diameter making 1.0-1.5 of said imaginary circle diameter. Note also that nozzles are located at the distance from smaller cylinder cross-section not exceeding two diameters of the nozzle. Blades are arranged in drying chamber, level with nozzles in planes parallel with chamber axis, at h=aR therefrom and inclined opposite nozzle gas flow, where a is location of nozzles in chord and R is chamber diameter. Said blades can displace in chamber axis and turn in the plane perpendicular to said axis. At least two slotted nozzles are arranged at larger cylinder inner wall. Note that nozzles are arranged in manifolds communicated via pipelines with manifold for feed hot gases and directed tangentially to larger cylinder diameter at contact points between manifold and larger cylinder inner wall. Atomiser comprises cylindrical hollow case with fluid feed channel and coaxial sleeve rigidly coupled with said case and having nozzle secured at its bottom. Said nozzle is composed of cylindrical two-step sleeve. Top cylindrical step of the latter is screwed to central core composed of cylindrical part and hollow cone aligned therewith. The latter is fitted with clearance relative to cylindrical sleeve inner surface. Said circular clearance is communicated with, at least, three radial channels made in said two-step sleeve to communicate with circular cavity formed by sleeve inner surface and top cylindrical step outer surface. Note that circular clearance is communicated with case fluid feed channel. Sprayer is screwed to cone bottom. Said sprayer is composed by round end plate with edges bent towards said circular clearance. Note here that at least two rows of cylindrical orifices are made in the cone side surface in planes perpendicular to cone axis. Each row has, at least, three holes. Axes of aforesaid throttling holes of one line are displaced relative to those of the other lines through the angle varying from 15° to 60°. Helical grooves are made on cylindrical orifice inner surface, at cone side surface, and features axes located in the pane perpendicular to case axis. |
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Invention refers to accelerated drying of different kinds and cross sections of timber by means of equipment providing moisture transfer by action of relatively high temperatures, moisture content and alternating-sign pressure. A method for timber drying in a chamber isolated from atmosphere involves heating of a drying agent by means of heating devices connected in upper part of a shell as per a parallel scheme to main pipelines, devices for heating and circulation of high-temperature liquid heat carrier, reversible fans and flow dividers, which provide flow and distribution of the drying agent along a pile through diffuser channels, each of which is symmetrical to rows of gaskets of the pile, moisture levelling along the timber cross section by a moistening system with further exposure, removal of the drying agent from the chamber to a condensation device and control of a technological process by means of pressure, temperature and humidity control devices. A new feature of the proposed invention is that timber heat treatment is performed by hot recirculating water till average temperature of 35-45°C is achieved, which softens it, equalises humidity and quickly unfreezes it during winter season, by filling the chamber to upper pile level by means of an additionally introduced pipeline circuit provided with possibility of water return or transfer to the next chamber, and the heating process is continued by a steam-and-air drying agent till evaporation temperature is 100 to 120°C, thus maintaining the pressure of up to 1000 mm Hg; with that, the steam-and-air drying agent is removed from timber depending on timber type by constant or periodic vacuum pulses with further vacuum treatment by a vacuum pump till the pressure in the drying chamber is 100 to 150 mm Hg. |
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Invention refers to drying equipment and can be used for drying and treatment of fatty seeds in order to prepare them for nutritive and feeding purposes. In the proposed drier for bulk materials, which contains a stepwise partitioned drying chamber made in the form of sections for material drying in a fluidising bed and binning, which comprise gas supply ducts with gas distributing grids located above them, with that, the section for material drying in a fluidised bed is equipped with a gas distributing grid made in the form of a perforated belt attached to a tension plank on one side and to a spring-loaded axis of the drum on the other side with possibility of winding the belt on the drum axis and its movement in a vertical direction, as well as equipped with branch pipes for loading, unloading of material and discharge of waste heat carrier, a new feature is that after the section for drying of material in a fluidised bed there additionally provided is a section of two-step mixing of material with an antioxidant, which contains series installed mixers of low and high duty, each of which is equipped with inlet and outlet branch pipes; with that, the outlet branch pipe of the low-duty mixer is connected to the inlet branch pipe of the high-duty mixer, the outlet branch pipe of which performs material supply to the binning section; with that, between inlet branch pipes of the mixers there fixed is a flexible belt and a guide with a moving carriage, which can be moved along the guide, thus tensioning the flexible belt and changing its position relative to inlet branch pipes of mixers so that supply of material in required amount is provided to each of those branch pipes after the drying section; with that, inlet branch pipes of mixers are equipped with antioxidant injection devices fixed on the outside of the drying chamber; movement of the gas distributing grid of the drying section of material in a fluidised bed is performed by means of a hydraulic cylinder connected through a stock to a spring-loaded drum axis and fixed on the support on the outer side of the drying chamber, and the binning section is equipped with a fixed horizontal grid installed at an angle exceeding a natural material sloping angle, in addition, material loading and unloading branch pipes are equipped with loading and unloading devices made in the form of rotary valves. |
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Control method of grain drying and storage processes Control method of grain drying and storage processes provides for pre-heating of wet grain with a waste drying agent and further cleaning of the drying agent from light impurities in a cyclone, its drying and cooling in an evaporator of a heat pump unit, the working and reserve sections of which are alternatively changed over from a condensation mode to a regeneration mode; drying, cooling and separation of the drying agent into two flows, one of which is supplied for drying through a condenser of the heat pump in a closed loop mode with make-up of a fresh drying agent, and the other one for active grain ventilation to silos; measurement of flow rate, temperature and moisture content of the drying agent before drying and active ventilation of grain with influence on power of the compressor drive as to flow rate, temperature and humidity of grain supplied for drying, and additionally, it is characterised by the fact that grain drying is performed in two series located zones of a shaft grain drier and a cooling zone. With that, for heating and cooling of the drying agent there used is a vapour compression two-stage heat pump, a cold drying agent is supplied by means of fans via two flows, one of which is supplied to the condenser of the second stage of the heat pump, and the other one is supplied for grain cooling; with that, for temperature stabilisation in zone I of the grain drier there supplied is a mixture of hot and cold drying agents; with that, some part of hot drying agent after condenser of stage II is discharged for unfreezing of the evaporation section operating in the regeneration mode, with return for drying before the condenser of stage II in the closed loop mode, hot drying agent is supplied to zone II of the grain drier, and cold drying agent is supplied to the cooling zone; as per the grain consumption at the grain drier inlet there set is flow rate of drying agent in drying zones and the cooling zone; as per temperature of the drying agent at the inlet of zone II of the drier there adjusted is the drive power of the compressor of the second stage; as per temperature of the drying agent in zone I of the drier there defined is ratio of hot and cold drying agent flow rates; at deviation of heat transfer coefficient k on cooling surface of the working section of the evaporator of the first stage between the waste drying agent and the cooling agent from the specified interval of values decreasingly, the working section is changed over from the condensation mode to the regeneration mode and regeneration of cooling surface is performed by hot drying agent. Losses of the drying agent are compensated prior to drying by increasing the flow rate of the fresh drying agent in a make-up line. |
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Drier includes drier housing (12), in which forced circulation of heated air is performed, exhaust pipeline (20) for removal of air from drier housing (12), firing device (14) connected to exhaust pipeline (20), which serves for further heat treatment of the air removed from drier housing (12), as well as for supply of hot air to heat exchanger (18). Heat exchanger (18) is made so that heated fresh air is supplied to drier housing (12), and with that, at least one heating device (16) is related to drier housing (12) for heating of forced circulating air in drier housing (12). Air supply device (34) for burning operation of heating device (16) is interconnected with drier housing (12). |
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In a grain drier containing a charge consisting of inlet and outlet heat carrier passes, an unloading device, an accumulating compartment, fans, drying and cooling compartments with heat carrier supply and discharge boxes and discharge semi-boxes, an air heater with combustion chambers and burners, a pre-heating compartment located under the accumulating compartment and provided with heat carrier supply boxes, and a tempering compartment; a separator and a control panel; additionally, in the inlet heat carrier pass there are partition walls; fans are installed above the cooling compartment inside the inlet heat carrier pass and in the upper part of the outlet heat carrier pass; besides, louvres are located under fans in the upper part of the outlet heat carrier pass. |
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In a microwave convective drier containing alternating microwave chambers and cooling chambers, an endless thrust component with blades fixed on it, a new feature is that a drier housing is made in the form of a box, inside which there located in series are alternating microwave chambers and cooling chambers; with that, on the internal side wall of each microwave chamber there installed is a magnetron; the lower part of cooling chambers is connected to a fan, and their upper parts are connected to an exhaust diffuser for removal of waste heat carrier; partition walls are installed between microwave chambers and cooling chambers with possibility of being moved in a vertical plane by means of a rope; a rope conveyor, on which perforated trays are fixed with an equal pitch and the movement of which is performed in cycles, passes through all the chambers. |
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Drying device, and drying method Drying device for drying of a coiled electrode wound on a winding sleeve includes a heating device for heating of the coiled electrode on the side of the winding sleeve. Since it provides heat transfer from a core part towards the coiled electrode surface, between electrode layers there can appear the smallest gaps, and moisture can be evaporated from those gaps. Therefore, moisture on the core part side, the evaporation of which was difficult, can be reliably evaporated, and duration of drying of the coiled electrode can be reduced. |
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Disperse material drying plant In a disperse material drying plant including a drying chamber with a steam jacket, supply and discharge air ducts, a gas-distributing grid, a built-in tube-in-tube heat exchanger and connection pipes for tangential supply of heat carrier, a new feature is that a cover plate of the drying chamber is provided with a guide perforated cone for gas suspensions and a connection pipe for supply of heat carrier to the upper part of the drying chamber, a recuperative heat exchanger is equipped with connection pipes of steam supply to inter-tube space and discharge of condensate, and ribs on its outer surface are located vertically in case of heat carrier supply under the gas-distributing grid and material drying in a fluidised bed or along a helical line in case of simultaneous axial and tangential injection of heat carrier to the drying chamber and material drying a vortex flow; under the heat exchanger a provision is made for a baffle plate to change direction of gas suspension downward flow; the plant is provided with a loading device including a screw and a disintegrator. |
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Drier for bulk materials includes a rectangular section cabinet containing upper and lower compartments closed with doors; besides, compartments are connected in the left part with an air pipe and in the right part with a gas distributing grid. The left part of the upper compartment is provided with a high-pressure fan, the outlet of which is connected to the air pipe, and the right part of the upper compartment is provided with a 16-bladed rotor on the gas distributing grid. The gas distributing grid is made in the form of a round and has four radial zones, each of which corresponds to one or more sections of the rotor, an unloading zone, a pre-heating zone, a drying zone and a preparation zone for unloading. The unloading zone represents a radial cut-out equal to one rotor section, which is connected to an unloading hatch; the pre-heating zone is equal to two sections of the rotor and has 27 rows of holes with the diameter of 3 millimetres; the preparation zone for unloading is equal to one rotor section and has chaotically located holes with the diameter of 2 millimetres; the lower compartment of the cabinet is provided with an air heating heat exchanger with a heater installed in it; the loading hatch is made in the upper cabinet compartment above the section of the pre-heating zone, which is the first from the unloading zone; in the upper cabinet compartment there is a hole for ambient air intake and outlet of moistened air. The drying zone consists of 8 rows of holes with the diameter of 4 millimetres each with the distance between centres of adjacent holes of 10 millimetres, at the distance between rows of holes of 12 millimetres; with that, one external and two internal rows are located in close proximity to external internal edges respectively of the gas distributing grid. |
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Grain drying device includes a cylindrical casing, the outer surface of which is coated with a heat-insulating material layer, a loading bunker, an unloading opening, a conveying working element, heating elements, a fan and an air pipeline. The casing is made in the form of a horizontally located cylinder divided into two parts along a horizontal symmetry axis. Upper part of the casing is made from heat reflecting material and hinged above lower part of the casing with possibility of being fixed in the operating position. The conveying working element is made in the form of a screw with a hollow perforated shaft. Screw perforation is made between the loading bunker and the unloading opening with diameter of the openings, which does not exceed minimum grain size. The casing lower part and the screw are made from heat-conducting material. Heating elements are located on outer surface of the casing lower part under the heat-insulating material layer. The air pipeline with a fan are connected to inner cavity of the screw shaft, and a heater is installed in the air pipeline. |
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Seed and grain drying method and device Seed and grain drying method, at which they are loaded, gravitationally moved in a downward direction through an upper and lower drying and cooling zones of a drier, ventilated with a drying agent and cooling gas respectively and unloaded. A new feature is that some part of the cooling gas is supplied to the upper drying zone, which is calculated as per the following equation: Q c o o l = Q 1 ( t 1 − t в t 1 − 2 t 0 ) , where tB, t1, t0 - temperatures of mixture of gases, a drying agent and ambient air respectively, °C, Q1, Qcool - flow rate of the drying agent and the cooling gas, which are supplied to the upper zone, m/h; besides, the gas mixture is reversed. The device includes above-drying and under-drying 13 hoppers, upper 2, lower 3 drying and cooling 4 chambers, fans 10, 12 of the drying agent and the cooling gas, furnace 11, means of material loading 15 and unloading 14. A new feature in the device is that it is equipped with air duct 6 for connection of upper drying chamber 2 to cooling gas fan 12 and with casing 19 to perform a reversing motion of the mixture of gases of the drying agent with the cooling gas to upper drying chamber 2. |
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Invention refers to agricultural engineering, and namely to grain drying devices. A grain drying device includes a vertically installed cylindrical casing, the outer surface of which is coated with a heat-insulating material layer, a loading bunker, an unloading opening, a conveying working element coaxially installed inside the casing with possibility of rotation and made in the form of a screw, a cooling device consisting of a fan and an air pipeline, heating elements arranged on outer surface of the casing under the heat-insulating material layer between the loading bunker and the unloading opening. An unloading sleeve that is installed with a downward inclination is connected to the unloading opening. Upper part of the unloading sleeve is perforated; perforation diameter does not exceed minimum grain size. A return sleeve directed to the loading bunker is installed in lower part of the unloading sleeve. A damper is hinged in the connection point of the return and unloading sleeves. The fan is installed in upper part of the casing, perpendicular to it and opposite the unloading opening. |
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Invention refers to machines for drying of loose, slow-loose and granulated materials. A shaft-type airslide drier includes a loading neck, a drying chamber with wedge-shaped ducts located one under another, an unloading neck, and shaft walls with waste air discharge openings. A wall of each drying duct is bent at the height of 100-200 mm from a perforated load-carrying partition wall throughout its length and forms a pocket for removal of waste air with an inclination angle of a side wall of 35-50° in a vertical plane, which provides obstacle-free flow of grain heap from a pocket and 5-15° in a horizontal plane for equalisation of static pressure above the grain layer; pockets are tightly closed with a confuser for collection of waste air. |
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Invention refers to agricultural engineering, and namely to grain drying devices. The grain drying device includes a cylindrical casing, the outer surface of which is coated with a heat-insulating material layer, a loading bunker, an unloading opening, a transporting working element, heating elements, a fan and an air pipeline. The casing is made in the form of a horizontally located cylinder divided into two parts along a horizontal symmetry axis. Upper part of the casing is removable and made from heat-reflecting material. The transporting working member is made in the form of a screw with a hollow perforated shaft. Screw perforation is made between the loading bunker and the unloading opening with diameter of the openings, which does not exceed minimum grain size. The casing lower part and the screw are made from heat-conducting material. Heating elements are located on outer surface of the casing lower part under the heat-insulating material layer. The air pipeline with a fan are connected to inner cavity of the screw shaft, and a heater is installed in the air pipeline. |
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Invention refers to agricultural engineering, and namely to grain drying devices. The grain drying device includes a cylindrical casing, the outer surface of which is coated with a heat-insulating material layer, a loading bunker, an unloading opening, a transporting working element, heating elements, a fan and an air pipeline. The casing is made in the form of a horizontally located cylinder divided into two parts along a horizontal symmetry axis. Upper part of the casing is made from heat reflecting material and hinged above lower part of the casing with possibility of being fixed in the operating position. The transporting working element is made in the form of a screw with a hollow perforated shaft; screw perforation is made between the loading bunker and the unloading opening with the diameter of openings, which does not exceed minimum grain size. Screw turns have gaps. The casing lower part and the screw are made from heat-conducting material. Heating elements are located on outer surface of the casing lower part under the heat-insulating material layer. Along the casing symmetry axis, in the screw shaft cavity there installed is a fixed horizontal plate throughout the casing length. The air pipeline with a fan are connected to internal lower cavity of the screw shaft, which is restricted with a plate and inner surface of the screw shaft, and a heater is installed in the air pipeline. |
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Control method of grain drying process by electrically activated air Control method of a grain drying process by electrically activated air as a drying agent consists in the fact that initial and current grain humidity, temperature and relative humidity of atmospheric air is controlled, relative humidity of air supplied to a grain layer is controlled, and operation of an air ion source is controlled. Operation of the air ion source is controlled as per minimum criterion of grain drying time by selecting one of the two modes - with constant concentration of air ions in a drying agent, with cyclic change of air ion concentration in the drying agent, which is chosen depending on the grain state and characteristics of the drying agent; besides, concentration of air ions does not exceed 3.5·1010 m-3, and duration of air ion source activation cycles is in the range of 5-60 minutes and depends on culture. |
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Method and device for organic material drying Invention proposes drier (101) intended for drying of objects from organic material and having housing (102) of container type. The above housing is non-permeable, has the possibility of supplying dried material to it and installed preferably in vertical or inclined positions. Material to be dried is supplied to lower part of the housing, and dried material is unloaded from upper part of the housing. Drying gas is supplied to the drier, virtually at upper part of the housing, and removed from lower part of the housing. The housing represents a closed space; besides, its property is provided by means of interrupters consisting of a supplying assembly and an assembly unloading the dried material, as well as due to the housing design. Drying gas circulates in the drier in a closed circulation mode. The drying gas removed from lower part of the housing is heated with heating device (111) and supplied in a heated state to the upper part of the housing. Drying gas carries water vapour released by material to be dried in upper part of the drier to its lower part where it is condensed on the surface of material to be dried, thus transmitting heat to that material. Material to be dried is an organic material that is fully added to drying space from assembly (109) of sieve to assembly (113, 112) of dried material unloading, and drying gas and water is passed to zone (122) of gas removal through the sieve assembly. Material that has passed the drying process is unloaded from upper part of the housing simultaneously with supply to lower part of the housing of new material components to be dried. |
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Drying method of granular carbonaceous or mineral materials with humidity providing granular state of material involves heat supply on several levels from heat carrier to material mass. Immediately above each level of heat supply from heat carrier there performed is heat carrier and/or steam removal; distance between level of heat supply from heat carrier and heat carrier and/or steam removal level located immediately above it, as well as between heat carrier and/or steam removal level and level of heat supply from heat carrier, which is located immediately above it, comprises at least six times maximum size of material particle; heat carrier velocity is at least 0.1 m/s; heat carrier temperature is at least 130°C; heat from heat carrier is injected into mass continuously moving in downward direction. As per the first version of the method's implementation, the drying plant of granular carbonaceous or mineral materials includes a chamber intended to supply granular material to it; in the chamber cavity there are elements for injection of heat carrier to the chamber and element of heat carrier removal from the chamber; besides, each heat carrier supply and removal element is made in the form of a channel passing through the chamber cavity and interconnected with the chamber inner cavity; each channel intended for heat carrier injection is interconnected with the heat carrier source; the plant includes at least two tiers of heat carrier injection and removal. Each tier includes heat carrier injection channels made on one level and heat carrier removal channels made on one level too, which are located immediately above heat carrier injection channel level at some distance from them. Distance between level of heat carrier injection/removal channels and level of heat carrier removal/injection channels, which is located immediately above it, is at least six times maximum size of material particle; also, distance between adjacent channels located on one and the same level is at least six times maximum size of material particle; heat carrier source is intended for supply of heat carrier gas to the chamber. As per the second version of the method's implementation, the drying plant of granular carbonaceous or mineral materials includes a chamber designed for supply to it of granular material; in the chamber cavity there are elements for injection of heat carrier heat to the chamber and elements for removal of steam from the chamber, which is formed at material drying. Each element for injection of heat carrier heat is made in the form of a closed channel passing through the chamber cavity and interconnected with the heat carrier source and with other channels for injection of heat carrier heat; each steam removal element is made in the form of a channel passing through the chamber cavity and interconnected with the chamber inner cavity; each channel intended for injection of heat carrier heat is interconnected with the heat carrier source; the plant includes at least two tiers of channels for injection of heat carrier heat and removal of steam; besides, each tier includes heat carrier heat injection channels made on one level and steam removal channels made on the same level too and located immediately above level of channels for heat carrier heat injection at some distance from them. Distance between level of heat injection channels from heat carrier and level of steam removal channels, which is located immediately above it, is at least six times maximum size of material particle; also, distance between level of steam removal channels and level of heat injection channels from heat carrier, which is located immediately above it, is at least six times maximum size of material particle; heat carrier is intended for supply of heat carrier gas to the chamber. |
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Heat exchange device for powder and granular material, and method for its manufacture Heat exchange device for powder and granular material in compliance with this invention is configured so that at least one of multiple heat exchangers, which shall be located on a shaft, is made as a strong hollow disc-shaped heat exchanger, in which a cut-out cavity is directed from circumferential boundary of the heat exchanger to its centre. Plate-like surfaces spreading from one side edge of the cut-out cavity to the other side edge of the next cut-out cavity are formed into a wedge-shaped plate-like surface. A projection that smoothly projects in a horizontal direction if to look from side is made in the central heat exchanger part; and an opening is made at the projection top, and the heat exchanger is located on the shaft by means of shaft insertion into the opening. |
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Seed and grain drying method and device Drying method of seeds and grain, as per which they are loaded, gravitationally moved through drying and cooling zones, a drying agent is supplied to a drying zone, cyclically dried, unloaded or cooled. A new feature of the method is that some amount of drying agent is chosen from the drying zone and reversed to the cooling zone. Seed and grain drying device includes loading 1 and unloading bunkers 12, drying 2 and cooling 3 chambers, fans 6, 9, furnace 10, loading and unloading means, partition wall 13 between drying 2 and cooling 3 chambers. A new feature of the device is that cooling chambers 3 include casing 4 with valve 14 and reversible fan 5, partition wall - valve 15 with possibility of reversing the drying agent from drying chambers to cooling 3 chambers. |
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Bast raw material drying installation In a bast raw material drying installation containing a chamber with a conveyor located inside it and conveying raw material in the form of a layer along the base, longitudinal channels with openings for supply to a drying zone and discharge from it of hot air, which are installed above the conveyor with a heat carrier movement restrictor and fixed near the conveyor, according to the invention, the conveyor base, the restrictor installed above the conveyor, and surfaces of longitudinal channels are made from heat-insulating materials; with that, there are several longitudinal channels with the openings facing the drying zone, and each of them can perform functions of an air accumulator or an air distributor irrespective of the other ones. Besides, there is an initial raw material humidity control station and a station of change of conveyor movement speed, which operates in conjugation with it. |
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In a drier for agricultural crops, which includes cylindrical chamber 1 with perforated bottom 3 and elastic seal 8 along inner perimeter, which is made in the form of two semi-cylinders installed on vertical axis 2 with possibility of their opening relative to each other, cap 12 arranged in upper part of chamber 1 and movable in vertical direction, which consists of disc 13 with a hole in the centre and cylinder 14 adjacent to it along outer diameter and cone 15 adjacent to it along inner diameter; with that, diameter of the hole in disc 13 is less than minimum allowable diameter of the forging, drying agent supply 17 and discharge 19 pipelines, chamber is made so that it can be turned along bottom 3, and bottom 3 of chamber 1 is equipped with shock absorbers 4 and vibrator 5. Vibrator 5 is made in the form of a disc with counterweight (imbalance) installed so that rotation radius can be changed. Bottom 3 of chamber 1 is equipped with an opening with drying agent supply pipeline 17 and an opening with dried material transportation pipeline 20 to storage place. |
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Method of making pulverised coal Proposed method comprises the following jobs: heating of drying gas in hot gas generator 26 to preset temperature, feeding said gas to coal mill 20 and feeding raw coal to mill 20. Note here that said mill pulverizes coal. Besides it includes collection of drying gas and coal dust therefrom and feeding said mix to filter 34. Note here that filter 34 separates dried coal dust from drying coal, collects said powder and feeds drying gas from filter to circulation line 34 for return of drying gas to generator 26. Oxygen content in drying gas and its comparison with preset threshold value are defined and estimated. Oxygen content in drying gas is set at grinding cycle. Note here that heated drying gas is fed via mill 20 while raw coal is fed therein. In case preset amount of oxygen in grinding exceeding preset threshold water is injected to heated drying gas prior to its feed into mill 20. Note also that injected water volume is calculated to reduce oxygen content to below preset threshold. |
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Grain drying method consists in passing of atmospheric or heated air rich in air ions through a grain layer. A drying agent is enriched with air ions at regular intervals; with that, air ion enrichment periods depend on culture of grain and design features of a grain drying plant and vary within 5 to 60 minutes. |
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Method of making pulverised coal Proposed method comprises heating of drying gas in hot gas generator, feeding heated gas into coal mill, feeding lean coal into mill to convert into powdered coal, collecting the mix of drying gas and powdered coal to be fed to filter for separation of dried powdered coal, collecting dried powdered coal to feed a portion of drying gas from filter in circulation line to return said portion of drying gas into hot gas generator. Note here that said method includes starting cycle whereat heated gas is fed via mill without feed of lean coal and grinding cycle whereat heated gas is forced via mill to feed lean coal therein. Temperature at drying gas mix outlet and that of powdered coal are controlled by injecting water into heated gas before its feed into mill. In starting cycle, said drying gas is heated to temperature higher than that of the first temperature threshold to inject a portion of water. Note here that to obtain outlet temperature higher than said first threshold water volume is calculated to decreased heated gas temperature. At grinding cycle start, injected water volume is decreased to control and compensate outlet temperature drip. |
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Method of drying includes regeneration of drying agent, which consists in fact, that drying agent is supplied into drying chamber towards subject of drying, with further drying and re-supply into drying chamber. Drying of drying agent is performed in tube of gasodynamic temperature stratification. |
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Airslide conveyor with two-carriage device for cutting off for drying non-bulk and bulk materials Airslide conveyor comprises a chamber 1, a bottom of the air distribution grids 2 and distributors 3, a conveyor 4 and a tray 5 for feeding the starting material, a reverse flattening screw 6 with the mechanism 7 of its regulation in height, and the sensors 8 of material drying level 9. Between the screw 6 and the air distribution grids 2 there is a device of separation of dried lower layer, which comprises the upper carriage 10 with double-level shelves 11, a lower carriage 13 on which shelves 14 on the lower side the rod-shaped agitators-levelers are 15 are installed, as well as a mechanism 12 of the upper carriage 10 reciprocation, a mechanism 17 of switching on and off of the drive the lower carriage 13 from the upper 10, and in the drying chamber 1 over each double-level shelf 11 a scraper 16 is fixedly mounted. The screw 6 is mounted on a carriage conveyor 19 and is driven by a reversible combined motor reducer 20 through the control clutch 21. The furnace unit 22 and the fan 23 serve for supplying the drying agent via the adjustable valve 24 through the channel 25 into the chamber 1 which has a valve 24 of the window 26 for cooling and discharging the dried material by the air flow from the fan 23, when the material passes into the tray 27 with the inspection window 28. |
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Timber condensation drier with absorption utiliser Drier includes an absorption lithium bromide heat pump - utiliser, a drying air circulation and conditioning system and a drying chamber housing. The drying chamber housing is made in the form of a heat-and-steam insulated room with an arched ceiling and a false ceiling. The drier structure differs from the fact that the drying air circulation and conditioning system is located above the false ceiling. The drying air circulation and conditioning system consists of reversible fans and recuperative heat exchangers of water-air type. Heat exchangers are located on both sides of the fans; those of them, which are located on the suction side, are driers. The heat exchangers that are located on the discharge side, are heaters. Driers and heaters exchange their roles at variation of air circulation direction. In order to obtain cold and hot water supplied to heat exchangers, an absorption lithium bromide heat pump is used. |
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Method for sublimation drying of farm animals blood Stabilised blood is poured into a tray wherein liquid nitrogen is then poured. Liquid nitrogen starts boiling under atmospheric pressure; the boiling temperature is equal to 103±2°C. The boiling (freezing) process lasts no more than 5 minutes. Then the frozen object is placed into a sublimation drying chamber where the drying process is performed under a pressure of 100-500 Pa. The temperature in the chamber is maintained at a level of 20÷40°C. The drying process duration is equal to 10÷200 minutes. |
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Device for drying bee bread honeycombs Device for drying bee bread honeycombs comprises a housing, an electric heater, air ducts, honeycomb shelves, a charging door, a drum formed as a cylinder mounted inside the housing with the ability of rotation and equipped with a reversible drive. The housing is designed as a vertically mounted cylinder with double walls and its outer surface is covered with a heat insulating material. Coaxially with the housing on the upper base of the cylinder a cover with holes is placed, on which the perforated plate is coaxially mounted with the ability of rotation about its axis. The shape and location of the holes of cover and the plate are identical. There is a gap between the inner wall of the housing and the cover. The lower base of the housing between the cylinder walls is made perforated. |
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Device for drying bee bread honeycombs Device for drying bee bread honeycombs comprises a housing, an electric heater, air ducts, honeycomb shelves, a charging door, a drum made in the form of as a cylinder mounted inside the housing with the ability to rotate and equipped with reversible drive. The housing is made in the form of a vertically mounted cylinder with double walls and its outer surface is covered with a heat insulating material. Coaxially with the housing on the upper base of the cylinder, a cover with openings is mounted, on which the perforated plate is coaxially mounted with the ability to rotate about its axis. The shape and location of the openings of the cover and the plate are identical. There is a gap between the inner wall of the housing and the cover. The lower base of the housing between the cylinder walls is made perforated. In the annular gap between the housing walls a spiral tape is placed, which beginning is at the level of upper edge of the inner wall of the housing, and the end - at the level of the lower edge of the housing. |
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Method of safe seed drying lies in that the material is charged, vented with the drying agent, cooled and discharged. A novelty in the invention is that the rate of drying agent is limited by the amount of heat-transfer coefficient α, which is defined as follows: where λ is the heat conduction coefficient of grains, W/m°C; ΔU is reducing the moisture content of grains, kg moist/kg mat; r is heat of evaporation, kJ/kg; σ is the thickness of the sphere of grains with the embryo, m; c is heat capacity of grains, kJ/kg°C; td a is the temperature of drying agent, °C; θ is temperature of seeds, °C; Ko is Kossovich number. |
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Method of spherical powder pre-drying Invention relates to production of spherical powders for small arms. Method of spherical powder drying including spherical powder with graphite feed into air transport line and, via cyclone precipitator, to drier whereat powder with graphite at 50 to 100°C is fed via air transport line to preheater composed of two-stage tube. Spherical powder and air heated in vortex flow to 95-105°C are fed to the first stage while air heated in vortex flow to 95-105°C is fed to second stage. Dried spherical powder with moisture content of 8-10 wt % is fed to final drying. |
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Method of high-frequency processing of polyamide parts and device to this end Invention relates to high-frequency processing of roller bearing polyamide cage. Proposed method comprises embracing the part by high-potential and earthed electrodes of operating capacitor connected to high-frequency generator and applying pressure thereto. Note here that said part is embraced over top, bottom and inner side surfaces of plates to create spatial circuit 2×n of operating capacitors and simultaneously, connection to generator is made. This makes the potential difference between top high-potential plate and electrodes connected via bottom contact group to bottom earthed plate and bottom earthed plate and electrodes connected via top contact group to top high-potential plate. Heating is performed to polyamide recrystallisation start temperature. Then, generator is switched off on turning the part about its axis by one electrode to heat unprocessed surfaces. |
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Device and method for processing of wastes Invention relates to processing organic wastes and municipal solid wastes. Proposed device comprises long chamber for wastes processing at high temperature and having waste inlet and processed solids outlet, first means of hot gas feed into said chamber arranged in radially distance chamber area and means to discharge hot gases from chamber central area. Note here that said working chamber has first zone for air and/or moisture extraction of wastes and second zone for extraction of synthetic zone located downstream of said first zone. Said extraction means extract air and/or moisture separately from synthetic gas. Propose method comprises the steps whereat: wastes are fed to processing area, hot gases are fed from radially distant zone, removal of solids from the zone, extraction of synthetic gas from zone central area and extraction of air and/or moisture separately from synthetic gas. |
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Airslide for drying plant products and timber wood Airslide for drying crops and sawn timber comprises a sealed chamber 1, bottom and ceiling of 2 air discharge grilles, air distribution channels 3, diffusers 4 with louvered shutters 5, reversible variable speed fans 6, distributors 7 with valves 8, air ducts 9 , heating unit 10, track 11, trucks 12, containers 13 or piles, load boards, screens 17, bars, door 19. The sealed sheet metal drying chamber, covered by ultrathin insulating material, has a similar ceiling in the bottom grilles, trucks are equipped with an electronic weighing device, all grilles change the direction of the drying agent or air by 90°, and all the holes in the air discharge grilles are regulated by valves. |
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Method of coal burning at power plants Method consists in grinding of coal of natural moisture, its activation by means of drying and subsequent burning in a flare. Coal is activated by means of its drying to moisture content that corresponds to moisture of supermicropores. Coal activation prior to burning will make it possible to increase temperature of burning flame heart by 100-150°C and to reduce presence of the fraction of non-burnt fuel by 10-30% within the ash. Burning speed increases 3-4 times. |
Another patent 2513388.