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Method of ferromolybdenum production from molybdenite Invention relates to metallurgy and can be used at the production of ferromolybdenum with copper content of 0.5% from low-grade molybdenite with high copper content. According to the method, the following is performed: addition of iron and metallic aluminium to molybdenite with copper content of 0.5-10% and their mixing, reaction of the mixture in the heater at a temperature of 1100-2000°C in a gaseous argon atmosphere and natural cooling of the molten metal at an ambient temperature after the reaction is finished so that ferromolybdenum with copper content of less than 0.5 wt % is obtained. |
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Method of production of low-carbon ferrochrome in electric furnace Under method chromium concentrate is used as chromium containing material. Metal scrap is charged in the furnace, furnace is switched on, and after achievement of the specified power it is switched off, and on the made melt entire charge is loaded in form of the homogenized mixture with particles size 0.1-3.0 mm at components ratio (%): chromium concentrate: lime: ferrosilicium - (40-47):(47-43):(13-10), respectively, this mixture is melted due to thermal effect of the exothermal reaction of silicon reduction of chromium and iron by ferrosilicon silicone without electric arcs activation, then electric arcs are activated, and slug is refined using admixtures of ferrosilicon and lime. |
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Method for aluminothermic obtainment of ferroalloys Invention relates to metallurgy, namely to the production of ferroalloys - ferrochrome and ferrotitanium. The method involves mixing of powders of initial components of a charge containing an ore concentrate and aluminium as a reducing agent, initiation of the combustion process, mechanical separation of the obtained cast ferroalloy from slags. An oxidiser in an amount of not more than 15 wt % is additionally added to the charge; an alkali metal perchlorate is used as the oxidiser, and to the composition of the reducing agent there added is not more than 15 wt % of magnesium or alloy of aluminium with magnesium in the amount sufficient for the complete reduction of oxides from ore concentrates; with that, the total content of the reducing agent in the charge is not more than 30 wt %; the charge is arranged in a capacity made from graphite or boron nitride; initiation of the combustion process in the air is performed by means of a tungsten spiral. |
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High-strength cryogenic austenite weldable structural steel and steel obtainment method Steel contains the following elements, wt %: C 0.05-0.07, Cr 18.0-20.0, Ni 5.0-7.0, Mn 8.0-10.0, Mo 1.4-1.8, Si 0.25-0.35, N 0.25-0.28, Al 0.0015-0.0035, rare earth elements 0,005-0,008, the rest is Fe and impurities. Steel contains the following components as impurities, wt %: Cu 0.05, S 0.0025, P 0.010, Sn 0.005, Pb 0.005, Bi 0.005, As 0.005. |
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Furnace-charge for silicium manufacturing During technical silicium manufacturing the furnace-charge is used, it contains quartzite, charcoal, oil coke, coal, wood chips, and silicone carbide on nitride binding in the following composition in wt %: quartzite - 42.7-50.3; charcoal - 2.7-5.1; oil coke - 1.6-3.0; coal - 13.3-24.9; wood chips - 6.1-10.4; silicone carbide on nitride binding - 6.2-33.5. The silicon-carbide plates can be used as silicone carbide on nitride binding, the plates are used for bath lining of the electrolysers for aluminium manufacturing. |
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Method of recycling of furnace waste nickel slags to ferronickel and cast iron Pre-dried furnace waste nickel slug is mixed with carbon-containing deoxidant in quantity 3-10% of slug weight, the obtained mixture is melted in flame furnace. And after melting of the said mixture the ferronickel containing over 5% of nickel is released from the furnace in the ladder, after release completion for the desulphuration the ferrum-magnesium alloy is added in quality necessary to ensure the permitted sulphur content in the ferronickel, then to the slug left in the furnace the carbon-containing deoxidant is added in quantity 10-20% of slug weight, and its further melting is performed with cast iron of grades "Л1-Л6" production. |
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Charge and method for electric-furnace aluminothermic production of ferroboron using it Charge is proposed at the following component ratio, wt %: boric anhydride 27.3-28.1, iron scale 34.4-35.3, primary aluminium powder 29.2-30.8, burnt lime 4.8-6.4, fluorspar concentrate 0.8-1.0, evaporation sodium chloride 0.8-1.0. When using charge of the proposed composition, an ignition part of charge is loaded onto the bottom of a tilting crucible and ignited with an ignition mixture; after the melt is built up, electric arcs are ignited and batchwise loading of the main part of charge is performed at current load of 3-5 kA during 25-40 minutes as a penetration process proceeds, and after penetration of the main part of charge and deactivation of electric arcs is completed, a deposition part of the charge is loaded and penetrated. After the melting process is completed, the melt is exposed during 5-10 minutes in the crucible till complete deposition of metal drops; after that, some part of slag is poured into a slag pot to the height of 200-250 mm; slag skull is formed on walls of the slag pan, into which the rest melt is poured for final crystallisation of melting products; the obtained ferroboron block is removed from the slag pan and cleaned from slag. |
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Invention relates to metallurgy of ferrotitanium production, containing 28-40 wt % of titanium, which is in demand in industry for production of welding electrodes, for alloying of structural, stainless, fireproof steels. To produce ferrotitanium by double-stage aluminothermal method, a charge is developed with the following composition, wt %: ilmenite concentrate with content of TiO2 52-54 wt % 26.6-27.8, secondary aluminium 21.0-27.0, lime with carbon content of not more than 0.3 wt % 4.5-4.9, iron scale 13.2-14.4, ferrosilicon 75% 0.3-0.9, steel scrap 0.5-3.4, ground titanium-containing slag 26.6-29.0, at the same time the titanium-containing slag as a component of the titanium-containing charge is produced in an electric furnace by melting of the charge containing, wt %: ilmenite concentrate with content of TiO2 63-65 wt % 75.5-79.2, secondary aluminium 4.9-5.8, lime with carbon content of not more than 0.6 wt % 12.0-13.2, iron scale 2.6-3.8, ferrosilicon 75% 2.6-2.8, after soaking of the melt they drain metal and titanium-containing slag, which is separated, cooled and ground. |
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Charge and method for aluminothermic production of ferromolybdenum using it Invention refers to metallurgy and can be used for aluminothermic production of ferromolybdenum. The charge containing the following, wt %, is proposed: molybdenum concentrate 38.5-39.8, iron powder 16.3-17.0, aluminium 14.3-14.8, lime 26.1-26.4, and ground high-aluminous clinker 3.1-3.4. Charge of the proposed composition is prepared, loaded and fused in a melting unit with periclase lining. First, the charge in the amount of 3-5% is put into a melting pot and ignited with an ignition mixture containing magnesium chips and sodium nitrate, and then, the rest charge is loaded into the melting unit onto a furnace top as fusion is being performed. After the melting is completed, slag is exposed in the melting pot till complete deposition of drips of the alloy till final crystallisation of melting products; after that, the obtained alloy is separated from slag, crushed and packed into a finished product. |
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Method involves control of charge, electric and electrode modes of its operation by changing the amount of carbon in charge. The following operations are performed simultaneously: burning-out of bottom skull by submersion into a bath of a furnace of electrodes with working melting pots to near-bottom space at reduction of supply of excess carbon to charge till its stoichiometric amount is achieved and charge electric conductivity is eliminated at buildup of arc electric conductivity up to 100%, and metal is tapped from the furnace at simultaneous control of all the above modes. |
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Suspension cast dispersion-hardening ferrite-carbide die steel Proposed composition contains the following substances, in wt %: carbon 0.27 - 0.32, titanium 5.8 - 6.2, nickel 0.5 - 0.9, titanium carbide (TiC) 0.5 -1.5, iron making the rest. Besides, it may contain up to 0.05% traces of manganese, 0.15 - 0.17% of silicon, and ≈0.03% of sulfur and phosphorus. Titanium carbide is added in the form of powder with particle size of up to 10 mcm into ladle or in melt jet in teeming steel into metallic chill mould. |
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Method of removing titanium from high-chromium melts Method comprises tapping metal from furnace to ladle, building CaO-SiO2-MgO-system slag up on metal melt surface, and adding iron chloride as chlorinating agent to liquid slag. Then, melts are soaked to termination of reaction of titanium removal from metal in gas phase in the form of volatile titanium chloride. To accelerate reaction of refinement and removal of titanium chlorides from reaction zone, the melts are blown by neutral gases, for example, argon or carbon oxide. |
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Method for aluminothermal production of ferromolybdenum Method includes the following: staged loading and fusion penetration of a charge, containing a molybdenum concentrate, ferrous scale, ferrous punching, lime, ferromolybdenum slag, aluminium and separation of metal and slag. At the first stage the charge is loaded with the speed of 680-850 kg/m2·min., containing the molybdenum concentrate, ferromolybdenum slag, ferrous punching, 90-95% of lime from its mass for melting, 65-75% of ferrous scale from its weight for melting and aluminium in the amount of 0.98-1.0 of ferromolybdenum stoichiometrically required for recovery of alloy elements. At the second stage the charge is loaded with the speed of 105-125 kg/m2·min., containing 25-35% of ferrous scale from its weight for melting, 5-10% of lime from its weight for melting and aluminium in the amount of 2.6-3.0 of ferromolybdenum stoichiometrically required for recovery of alloy elements, and the melt is heated under arcs of an electric furnace of 3-5 times of charge melting. |
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Aluminothermic method for obtaining metals, and melting furnace for its implementation Method involves loading of exothermic charge to thin-wall cylinder that is installed beforehand in the shaft of melting furnace coaxially to its perforated walls. Space between thin-wall cylinder and perforated walls of the shaft is filled with granular gas-permeable refractory material; then, thin-wall cylinder is removed, and charge is filled from above with granular gas-permeable refractory material. After that, the beginning of exothermic reaction is initiated, during which gases are released from reaction zone through granular gas-permeable refractory material and perforated walls of the shaft of melting furnace, and after the reaction ends and slag is tapped, furnace is disassembled and ingot is separated from slug residues. On inner surface of housing of melting furnace there fixed is metal mesh, and diameter of thin-wall cylinder from tin is equal to 0.6-0.8 of the housing diameter. |
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Method for producing nitrided ferrovanadium Source alloy of ferrovanadium with the dispersion of less than 0.1 mm is pre-granulated to the size of 0.2-2.0 mm, the combustion process is carried out in a stream of nitrogen or a mixture of nitrogen with an inert gas in the direction of the reaction zone extension. Gaseous nitrogen or a mixture of nitrogen with an inert gas is fed at a rate of 99.6-700.0 mm/s. To increase the nitrogen content in the product it is advisable to enter into the original alloy of 10-20 wt % of the final product. The invention is aimed at reducing the operating pressure in the reactor, which increases the safety of the work to obtain nitrided ferrovanadium. |
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Invention describes a method for extracting metals from used or regenerated catalysts based on aluminium containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, or mixtures thereof, in an electric-arc furnace containing multiple electrodes, equipped with a bottom and containing liquid cast iron fusion, covered with liquid slag. The used or regenerated catalysts are added to the fusion contained in an electric-arc furnace, then the dosed lime is added so as to obtain slag with a ratio of CaO to Al2O3 between 0.7 and 1.3, the fusion is stirred with gas supply to avoid the formation of crusts, and catalysts are smelted in a furnace to produce molten ferroalloy. |
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Charge for high-carbon ferromanganese smelting Charge contains, wt %: dump slag of silicothermal smelting of metallic manganese 1-88, coke 5-25, limestone, 0-20, iron-bearing additives 0-10, manganiferous raw material is the rest. |
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Method to melt low-carbon manganiferous alloys Melting is carried out in a bath of an arc furnace, at the bottom of which a portion of the charge mixture is loaded, pre-heated to a temperature of 110-550°C, and set on fire by means of primer, while in addition a reducing agent, such as aluminium and/or calcium and/or magnesium is injected to the charge mixture, and recovery of manganese oxides mixture is carried out by maintaining the ratio of total calcium and magnesium oxides to oxides of silicon and aluminium in the final slag within the limits of 0.3-1.25. 5-10 minutes before the end of melting, the precipitation mixture is added into the melt in the amount of of 3-7% of weight of manganese raw materials, the electrodes are sunk and the melt is heated to a temperature of 1550-1650°C. |
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Invention may be used to produce ferromanganese with a ultra-low content of phosphorus and carbon, containing 0.1 wt % or less of carbon and 0.03 wt % or less of phosphorus. The method includes obtaining low carbon silico-manganese, which has a low content of phosphorus, obtaining molten manganese slag, the first blending and mixing of the molten manganese slag and of low carbon silico-manganese, which has a low content of phosphorus, with a ratio equal to 70-72:28-30 in the ladle, to produce metallic melt and slag, and the second blending and mixing of molten metal, separated from the above-mentioned slag and molten manganese slag identical to the slag used for the first blending and mixing used for obtaining of slag and molten metal, consisting of 91-93 wt % of manganese, 0.60-0.85 wt % of silicon, 0.05-0.10 wt % of carbon and 0.015-0.02 wt % of phosphorus. |
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Method of pyrometallurgical processing of oxidised nickel ores Method involves pre-heating of nickel ore in a tubular rotary furnace and reduction smelting in the electric arc furnace. At the same time, the nickel ore is preheated with or without fluxing agents at temperature below 700 °C without obtaining liquid melts. Before reduction smelting, the nickel ore is melted with fluxing agents in a smelting furnace producing ore-flux melt, which is directed to reduction smelting in an electric arc furnace of alternating or direct current. Gases of the smelting and electric arc furnaces are used for heating the nickel ore. |
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Stainless austenitic cast steel, method of production and use thereof Invention relates to metallurgy, particularly, to stainless austenitic cast steel production. Steel containing the following is cast, wt %: aluminium from more than 0 to less than or equal to 4, silicon from 0 to 4, manganese from 0 to 25, chromium from 12 to 20, nickel from 0 to 1.2, niobium from 0 to 1.2, tantalum from 0 to 0.2, carbon from 0.01 to 0.15, nitrogen from 0.005 to 0.5, copper from 0 to 4, cobalt from 0 to 1, molybdenum from 0 to 4, tungsten from 0 to 3, titanium from 0 to 1, vanadium from 0 to 0.15, iron and impurities make the rest. Steel content belongs to the range defined by coordinates of four points (Crequiv=14; Niequiv=8), (Crequiv.=14; Niequiv=14), (Crequiv=22; Niequiv=8) and (Crequiv=22; Niequiv=16), chromium and nickel equivalents are calculated according to: Crequiv=%Cr+%Ni+1.5%Si+0.5%W+0,9%Nb+4%Al+4%Ti+1.5%V+0.9%Ta and Niequiv=%Ni+30%C+18%N+0.5%Mn+0.3%Co+0.2%Cu-0.2%Al. Produced steel is poured into a mould. |
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Melting method of ferrosilicon in ore heat-treatment furnace Method involves continuous loading to the furnace of charge with reducing carbon mixture and its electrothermic melting. At that, melting is performed in conditions of optimum compliance of electric operating mode to geometrical parameters of ore heat-treatment furnace as per ratios obtained during operation of furnaces, which use fossil coals in quantity of 50% as to carbon in composition of reducing carbon mixture. |
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Charge for smelting ferrosilicomanganese Invention relates to ferrous metallurgy and particularly to processing manganese material for smelting ferrosilicomanganese in arc furnaces containing less than 0.35% phosphorus. The charge contains the following, wt %: carbonaceous reducing agent 3-10, fluxing agent 7-20, ferrosilicon 1-7, and slag from production of manganese ferrous alloys being the balance. |
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Alloy contains the following, wt %: carbon 0.001 - 0.3, manganese 5.0 - 44.0, nitrogen 0.03 - 0.12, and iron is the rest; at that, its structure contains 5 - 95% of ε-martensite phase, and γ-austenite and/or α-martensite is the rest. Alloy can also contain 0.5 - 8.0 wt % of silicium and/or cobalt and one or several elements of the group: titanium 0.06 - 1.0, vanadium 0.06 - 0.20 and niobium 0.05 - 0.20. |
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Method for alumina industry slag treatment Invention relates to the area of iron-and-steel industry, to alumina industry slag treatment (red mud) in particular and may be used for ferrosilicon alloy production. The reduction melting shall be performed in an ore thermal furnace. Alumina industry slag shall be intriduced into the furnace charge in the amount of 10 to 81 mass % of the total of silicon oxides in the furnace charge, wherein the furnace charge contains quartz stone with the following component ratio, mass %: alumina industry slag 25-53, carbon reducing agent 13-24, quartz stone 26-52. |
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Aluminothermic ferroniobium obtaining method At the first stage of the method the charge is loaded at the speed of 230-260 kg/m2min; it contains 10-11% of niobium concentrate of its mass for melting, iron scale of 16.0-19.0% of its mass for melting and aluminium in quantity of 0.92-0.99 of stoichiometrically required one for reduction of niobium - in the charge at the first stage. At the second stage there loaded and molten is niobium concentrate with loading speed of 14-20 kg/m2min in quantity of 26.5-40.5% of its mass for melting. At the third stage the charge is loaded and molten with loading speed of 250-420 kg/m2min, which contains 48.5-63.5% of niobium concentrate of its mass for heating, 17.5-24.5% of iron scale of its mass for heating and aluminium in quantity of 1.25-1.57 of the stoichiometrically required one for reduction of niobium in the charge of this stage. At the fourth stage the charge is loaded and molten with speed of 105-125 kg/m2min; it contains 56.5-66.5% of iron scale of its mass for heating, lime in quantity of 4-6.5% of mass of niobium concentrate for melting and aluminium 2.03-2.25 of stoichiometrically required one for reduction of niobium oxides in molten slag. After the charge is molten, it is heated under arcs of electric furnace during 0.15-0.25 of the charge melting time, and melting products are poured. |
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Ferrosilicon melting method involves dosing of quartzite, carbon reducing agents and steel chips, loading of dosed charge materials to ore-melting electric furnace, carbometric reduction and tapping from the furnace; at that, to the furnace top there loaded is ferrosilicon with particle size of 0-15 mm, in quantity of 1.0 - 6.0% of the weight of quartzite loaded to the furnace. Ferrosilicon loaded to the furnace top is covered with charge in which the ratio of carbon to silicon is 0.41 - 0.48, and after the alloy is loaded to the furnace, the hourly active capacity of the furnace is increased by 0.3-0.8 mW. |
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Procedure for manganese ore complex processing Lime or limestone are added to charge containing manganese ore and coke for obtaining slag of basicity as high, as 2.8 and charge is melted. Upon melting produced melt is refined by introduction of carbonates, chlorides and fluorides of alkali and/or alkali-earth metals or their mixtures and treated with ultra-sound of frequency equal to 18-21 kHz with separation of ferro-manganese and slag. Separated slag is cooled. Bi-water gypsum at amount of 4-6% of slag weight is added into slag which is milled to size as big, as 320 cm2/g and cement is produced. |
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Method of producing alumina cement and manganese-aluminium alloy (versions) Invention relates to production of alumina cement. In one version of the method of producing alumina cement and an alloy, involving preparation of mixture components, mixing said components, loading into an electric furnace, melting and outlet of the melt from the furnace, pouring into moulds, cooling and grinding, the mixture components used are ore with manganese content of 40-60 wt %, limestone with manganese content of 6-15 wt % and lime, outlet is carried out into a bucket on a reducing agent - aluminium; after holding for 7-10 minutes, said pouring is carried out from the bottom of the bucket by first draining the molten manganese-aluminium alloy and then the rest of the melt, with the given ratio of components. In another version of the method of producing alumina cement and an alloy, involving preparation of mixture components, mixing said components, loading into an electric furnace, melting and outlet of the melt through two separate streams into buckets, cooling and grinding to obtain two products - alumina cement and an alloy, the mixture components used are ore with manganese content of 40-60 wt %, limestone with manganese content of 6-15 wt %, lime, and a reducing agent - aluminium; loading is carried out in two steps - first said ore, limestone, lime and aluminium metal in amount of 30-40% of total content thereof, and after melting - the rest of the amount of aluminium; outlet of the melt is carried out after 15-30 minutes, with given ratio of components. |
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Procedure for production of ingot of fine fraction ferro- alloys in electric arc furnace Procedure consists in loading charge materials into furnace, in their heating and smelting with transmitted electric current. Before melting and connection of a current source an upper movable electrode is transferred to its contact with a lower stationary electrode. Further, charge materials are loaded into furnace, the current source is turned on and electric arc is ignited in a zone of electrode contact. Charge materials are melted forming a zone of melting transferred due to transfer of the movable electrode relative to the stationary electrode. Between them there is produced an ingot which corresponds to continuation of the stationary electrode and a current conductor. The current source is turned off before exit of the movable electrode from the furnace. |
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Procedure for production of medium carbon ferro-manganese In electric arc furnace there is melted ore-lime mixture containing manganese raw stock and lime added in charge at amount required for obtaining basicity of ore-lime melt CaO/SiO2 equal to 1.0-1.4. Further, temperature of ore-lime melt is brought to 1600-1800°C where upon melted high carbon ferro-manganese is poured into furnace at ratio of weight of manganese containing raw stock in charge and weight of high carbon ferro-manganese 0.5-1.5. Melts of ferro-manganese and ore-lime mixture are conditioned in furnace at temperature 1600-1800°C till there is obtained required contents of carbon in ferro-manganese. Successively melts are tapped simultaneously into a ladle and separately poured into moulds. |
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Procedure for melting refined ferro-chromium According to procedure at products of melt teeming part of boron-containing slag is left in bath of furnace. Siliceous reducer and ore-lime part of charge is loaded on part of boron-containing slag left in a bath of the furnace. 10-20 minutes prior to products of melt teeming mixture of material containing boron oxide with siliceous reducer and lime is charged into slag melt under electrodes. Also, material containing boron oxide in terms of B2O3 is introduced at amount of 0.20-0.30% of weight of slag melt. |
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Procedure for production of low carbon ferrochromium Procedure consists in melting ore-calcic melt and in pouring it into ladles, in supplying charge components in form of chromium containing ore materials and siliceous reducer into first ladle, in supplying charge components in form of siliceous reducer and solid additive consisting of chromite ore and lime into second ladle, an in mixing contents of two ladles. Metal chromium containing wastes of home fabrication at amount of 1-5 % of weight of ore-siliceous melt in the first ladle are supplied to ore-siliceous melt in the first ladle, while chromium containing ore materials and siliceous reducer are supplied at amount facilitating production of fusible slag with basicity 1.5-1.9 and contents Al2O3 4-8 wt % and metal with content of silicon 1.5-8 wt %. Also, ratio of charge components of the second ladle is chosen so, as to facilitate basicity of produced slag 1.7-2.0 upon mixing with metal of the first ladle, while upon mixing contents of both ladles slag-metal melt is subjected to additional pouring from ladle to ladle 2-5 times. |
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Charge for melting fine metal silicon Charge consists of dioxide of silicon in form of amorphous silicon dioxide, as carbon containing reducer - soot and additionally - gel of silicic acid at following ratio of components, wt %: amorphous silicon dioxide 36-44, gel of silicic acid 9-17, soot 47-55. |
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Procedure for production of ferro-silico-titanium As titanium containing material there is used ilmenite concentrate and/or rutile, while as silicon containing material there is used high-silica sand mixed with ilmenite concentrate, rutile and carbonic reducer in form of gas coal. Produced mixture is briquetted and melted in an ore-smelting furnace by one-stage slag-free carbon-thermal procedure. |
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Procedure for production of complex siliceous ferro-alloy Charge loaded and melted in furnace consists of briquette mixture of silicon containing material, of ore part of charge with carbonic reducer in case of shortage in total charge and of intensifier of reduction process - quartz sand. Carbon-thermal process is carried out at temperature 1700-1850°C. As ore part of charge there are used natural sulphate and carbonate ore: gypsum and/or Celestine, and/or barite, and/or limestone. Also, ratio of quartz sand to ore part of charge SiO2:(CaSO4·2H2O+SrSO4+BaSO4+CaCO3) is maintained within ranges 2.0-100.0 of weight shares. Usage of quartz sand in briquette mixture as silicon containing material and simultaneously as intensifier of process facilitates more uniform distribution of components in mixture, and increases their contact surface, thus increasing reaction property of reagents. This reduces time of melting and time of reactions of liquid silicates with carbon and silicon carbide and reduces power consumption of the process. |
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Procedure for aluminium-silicon-thermal production of ferro-tungsten Procedure consists in staged loading and melting charge containing tungsten concentrate, iron scale, iron punching, lime, 75 % of ferrosilicon, and aluminium and in separation metal from slag. At the first stage charge is loaded at rate 220-260 kg/m2 per min; charge contains 4-10 % of tungsten concentrate of its weight for melt, iron scale 5-20 % of its weight for melt and aluminium at amount of 0.8-0.98 of stoichiometric required amount for reduction of tungsten and iron in charge at the first stage. At the second stage charge is loaded at rate of 50-70 kg/m2 per min; charge contains tungsten concentrate 90-96 % of its weight for melt, iron scale 80-95 % of its weight for melt, iron punching, lime at amount of 0.25 % of aluminium weight for melt, ferrosilicon at amount facilitating contents of silicon in charge 0.2-0.5 and aluminium at amount of 0.5-0.8 of stoichiometric required for reduction of tungsten and iron in charge at the second stage. Total amount of silicon and aluminium in charge at the first and second stages of melt is 0.95-1.0 of stoichiometric required for reduction of tungsten and iron. Upon charge melting there is loaded iron scale at amount of 1.0-1.3 of its consumption for two preceding stages for melt and it is heated for 0.2-0.3 of time of melt duration. |
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Procedure for metal-thermal metal and alloy melting Invention refers to metallurgy and can be used at production of metals and alloys by metal-thermal procedure, particularly, by "block" melting. The procedure consists in preparing charge, in loading charge into a container for melting and insulating it with a loose refractory layer and in initiating reaction process. Prepared massif of charge is prevented from scattering; charge with ignition mixture is loaded into the container for further melting. Also whole surface of fixed massif of charge is insulated with the loose refractory layer. On upper surface of charge massif the insulating layer has thickness of 80-150 % of charge massif height, on side surfaces - thickness of 50-100 % of width or diametre of charge massif and below the lower surface - thickness of 10-20 % of charge massif height, whereupon there is performed melting in the insulating layer. |
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Charge for obtaining high-carbon ferrochrome Charge contains utilisable waste of in-house manufacture, poor lump chromite ore as chrome ore materials with Cr/Fe ratio 1.8-2.2 or its concentrate of 4-100 mm fraction, mixture of coke breeze of 10-25 mm fraction as carbon reducing agent, at the following component content, wt %: coke breeze 6-8, coal 4-5, silicone containing flux 2-4, utilisable waste of in-house manufacture 4-8, poor lump chromite ore its concentrate - the rest. |
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Installation additionally consists of non-consumable graphite electrode, of vertical pole with horizontal bar equipped with attachment point of non-consumable electrode, of metering device with hoppers and unit of loose materials mixture supply, also metering device is hinged on side axis of bath-crystalliser, of two-section cover with removable sections for covering bath-crystalliser on top, of charge filling and packing unit rigidly coupled with drying box to ensure prepared and packed consumable electrode drying, of hoist and transport facility for displacement and advance of consumable electrode to its attachment point on horizontal bar of vertical pole, and of control desk with devices for control of values of current, voltage, and rate of electrode advance with indicators of their rough and fine advance. |
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Procedure for production of high grade ferrotitanium Invention refers to production of ferrotitanium with contents of titanium 30-70 % from oxide titan containing raw material by aluminothermal procedure in melting aggregate-reactor. Charge is loaded and melted in two stages. Also at the first stage charge is melted at ratio of components to contents of titanium dioxide in charge taken as one. There are produced metallic iron tapped from the aggregate and slag melt. At the second stage on titanium containing slag melt there is loaded charge additionally containing ground ferrosilicon with contents of silicon 65-75%. Part of slag melt oxides and oxides in charge is reduced at ratio of charge components to contents of titanium dioxide equal to 0.7-3.0 from amount of titanium dioxide at the first stage of melting. There is produced ferrotitanium melt with contents of titanium 50-70% which is successively tapped either separately or together with slag melt. |
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Procedure for fabricating anti-seismic reinforced rod Steel containing 0.16-0.32 wt % of carbon is melt out of charge consisting, mainly, of pellets. Liquid steel is successively alloyed with manganese at amount of 0.80-1.60 wt %, aluminium at amount of 0.015-0.060 wt % and titanium introduced upon preliminary addition of ferroalloys calculated in terms of residual contents not less, than 0.03 wt %. Boron is introduced into melt at amount of 0.001-0.008 wt %. Work-pieces for rod fabrication are hot-rolled. There is performed process controlled rod accelerated cooling from a critical temperature interval, which results in forming uniform double-phase ferritic-martensite structure corresponding to a soft ferritic matrix with inclusions of hard martensite constituent. |
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In method it is implemented preparation of charge, including introduction of carbon and flux, loading of charge into furnace on liquid metallic bath with simultaneous feeding of natural gas, oxygen and air, heating, charge melting and reduction by carbon monoxide of oxides, thermodynamic strength of which is lower than manganese protoxide has, with receiving of metallic melt and melt, containing manganous oxides and oxides, thermodynamic strength of which is higher than manganese protoxide has, with viscosity in the range 0.3-10 poise, yield of metallic melt from furnace, directing of oxide melt to heated up to temperature 1850-2200°C carbonaceous reductant, and reduction of oxides up to receiving of melt of required composition. |
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Restorative for thermal-electric metallurgical processes Invention relates to metallurgy field, particularly to thermal-electric metallurgical processes at manufacturing of ferroalloys with usage of carbothermic reduction. In the capacity of carbon-bearing material it is used coke breeze, received at wet quenching of coke, and black coal at following mass ratio of components (by carbon), % : coke breeze 10-90, black coal is the rest. |
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In arch of siphon there are implemented openings or windows for loading of carbon-bearing materials, partition with bottom window or windows for flow of melted slag into siphon is implemented in the form of common end wall for liquid-phase smelting shaft and siphon with electrode(s) and allows window or windows for fume extraction from under arch of siphon, located on level not higher than horizontal axis of top row of tuyeres of liquid-phase smelting shaft, siphon is outfitted by solid transverse partition, installed in its bottom part parallel to common end wall for liquid-phase smelting shaft and siphon at a distance enough for flow of required volume of slag melt from liquid-phase smelting shaft on surface of heated layer of carbon-bearing material, herewith solid transverse partition fully separates siphon from liquid-phase smelting shaft, and its top edge is located higher than horizontal axis of bottom row of tuyeres of liquid-phase smelting shaft. |
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Restoration mixture for melting of ferrosilicon Restoration mixture consists of coke nut, cannel coal of grade D with yield of volatiles more than 40% porosity more than 15% and with increased filtering property, and wood chips in the capacity of ripper in following mass ratio of components, % (by carbon): cannel coal of grade D 25-55, wood chips 5-7, coke nut is the rest. |
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Invention relates to metallurgy field, particularly to structure of tank- casting mould of electroslag installation for receiving of ferrotitanium. Tank- casting mould contains metallic square casing, in the basis of which it is hermetically installed stationary current-carrying electrode, between main, side walls and fixed current-carrying electrode there are installed plates, which formes fireproof brickwork of tank- casting mould and implemented as graphitic, herewith part of graphitic plates at side steel walls is held by means of top holding brackets and bottom holding brackets, and fireproof products, which are located under mentioned plates, are manufactured from chamotte, and to four side steel walls there are rigidly fixed four horizontally installed rotary loops, which provide lowering of side steel walls into horizontal position for free unloading of ferrotitanium in solid condition lengthwise side steel walls. |
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Method of combined processing of oxided and carbonate ferromanganese ores Invention relates to the ferrous metallurgy field, particularly to manufacturing of ferroalloys, particularly to creation of methods of combined processing of oxided and carbonate ferromanganese ores with receiving of manganese ferroalloys. Method includes separate preliminary enrichment of mentioned ores with receiving of oxide and carbonate concentrates, fractionating, separation of large and agglomerating of undersize particles, smelting from them low-phosphorus dross (LPD), received from carbonate concentrates, and low-phosphorus dross (LPD), received from oxide concentrate, usage of the latter at smelting of carbonaceous ferro- and silicon manganese, herewith smelting of carbonaceous ferromanganese is implemented by flux-free process with usage in the capacity of crude ore of carbonate concentrates and low-phosphorus dross (LPD) with receiving of charge manganese slag, and melting of silicon manganese is implemented from charge, consisting of charge manganese slag from smelting of carbonaceous ferromanganese, low-phosphorus dross (LPD), quartzite and carbonaceous reducer. |
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Method of smelting of vanadium-bearing alloys Invention relates to the ferrous metallurgy field, particularly to manufacturing of ferroalloys, particularly to creation of methods of smelting of vanadium-bearing alloys by out-furnace aluminothermal process from vanadium slags. In method it is implemented preparation of charge containing vanadium-bearing component and aluminium, partial or total its loading into melting hearth, ignition of charge, reduction of charge oxides by aluminium, isolation of melts, discharge of slag and cooling of vanadium-bearing alloy. In the capacity of vanadium-bearing component it is used converter vanadium slag, at preparation into content of charge it is introduced mixture of lime and magnesite in amount 5-20% of weight of introduced aluminium at keeping in it ratio of calcium oxide to magnesium oxide in the range 1:(1-0.5), herewith all charge before loading into melting hearth is heated up to temperature 200-550°C. |
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Reprocessing method of manganous waste slags Invention relates to the ferrous metallurgy field, particularly to reprocessing of waste slags from manufacturing of manganese and siliceous ferroalloys for extraction from it of manganese and siliceous ferroalloys of high grade by content of phosphorus. In method there are mixed manganous waste slags and slag from manufacturing of ferrosilicon and is implemented reduction of oxides of manganese and silicon carbide, presenting in slag from manufacturing of ferrosilicon, herewith amount of silicon carbide in mixture of slags for 10-50% more than it is required by stoichiometry for total reduction of manganous oxide. |
Another patent 2551319.