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Proposed tuyere comprises hollow water-cooled casing and gas fuel feed nozzles extending into working blow channel arranged at inner barrel top part. Said nozzle feature round different-diameter cross-section and are arranged at 25-45 degrees to tuyere horizontal axis, smaller-diameter nozzle axis being directed to tuyere axis. Larger-diameter nozzle axis is directed to section making 1/2-1/3 of the length of tuyere inner barrel lower vertical radius. Cross-section of nozzles feature the ratio of (0.8-1.2):(1.3-1.7). Gas fuel feed nozzles are directed towards air blow flow at 115-135 degrees. |
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Structural sheet stainless steel having excellent weld corrosion resistance, and its making method Sheet is made from steel containing the following, wt %: 0.01 to 0.03 C, 0.01 to 0.03 N, 0.10 to 0.40 Si, 1.5 to 2.5 Mn, 0.04 or less - P, 0.02 or less - S, 0.05 to 0.15 Al, 10 to 13 Cr, 0.5 to 1.0 Ni, 4×(C+N) or more and 0.3 or less - Ti, Fe and inevitable impurities are the rest; with that, V, Ca and O are controlled in inevitable impurities: 0.05 or less - V, 0.0030 or less - Ca and 0.0080 or less - O. A sheet has an assessment parameter of microstructure of a heat affected zone at welding F and processibility index FFV meeting F=Cr+2×Si+4×Ti-2×Ni-Mn-30×(C+N)≤11, and FFV=Cr+3×Si+16×Ti+Mo+2×Al-2×Mn-4×(Ni+Cu)-40×(C+N)+20×V≤9.0. |
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Regenerator packing is made of refractory blocks, at the laying of which vertical channels and additional vertical passes are formed between the refractory blocks. Each of the refractory blocks includes vertical prismatic elements in the form of plates, which are parallel to each other and installed with equal gaps; the above plates are connected to each other by means of cylindrical connection straps. Some part of plates of the block is elongated and arranged in groups between shortened plates with length equal to thickness of the block. Elongated plates are projected on the side of one of lateral edges formed with end faces of plates. On outer surfaces of extreme plates there are vertical slots, the width of which is equal to width of the group of elongated plates considering thermal expansion. Size of projections exceeds depth of slots by the value of width of a gap between plates considering thermal expansion. Refractory blocks are laid in pairs at the distance from each other, which is equal to width of the gap between plates of the block. Projections and slots of paired blocks are arranged along their perimeter and combined with slots and projections of adjacent paired blocks that alternate with them as to the height and laid with an offset of 90°. Blocks are installed in a vertical plane without any offset; vertical channels and passes are connected to each other and have the same width. |
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Production method of ultra low carbon cold-rolled isotropic electrical steel Method involves combined metal blowing in a converter, decarburisation of metal in vacuum, steel alloying by ferrosilicon refined from carbon, continuous pouring of liquid metal into slabs from a lined steel pouring ladle through an intermediate ladle to a continuous-casting machine (CCM) crystalliser using a slag-forming mixture in the latter, which contains not more than 1.5% of carbon, hot rolling, normalising annealing, etching, cold rolling till final size and final annealing. During the alloying process there added is ferrosilicon with carbon content of not more than 0.02% in the quantity providing silicon content in the melt within 0.5÷3.2%; pouring of liquid metal into slabs is performed with addition to the intermediate ladle of a heat insulating mixture with carbon content of not more than 2%. With that, a steel pouring ladle with the main lining, in which carbon content is not more than 2%, is used. |
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Invention relates to foundry and can be used for production of high-strength iron with globular graphite without structurally free cementite as-cast. Proposed alloy contains the following substances, in wt. %: rare earth metals - 10-20, silicon - 20-30, scandium - 1-3, aluminium making the rest. Foundry alloy comprises 1-3 wt. % of lanthanum in rare earth metal compound. |
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Invention relates to foundry and can be used for production of high-strength iron with globular graphite without structurally free cementite as-cast based on metalised pellets and steel wastes. Proposed agent contains components in the following ratio in wt. %: cerium - 7-10, lanthanum - 3.5-5.0, yttrium - 15-20, aluminium making the rest. |
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Recuperative soaking pit consists of a chamber made in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, which is restricted with lined walls, a bottom and is equipped with a moving cover. A burner is arranged on the front wall of the chamber in its upper part, and an additional burner is located on the rear wall of the chamber in its lower part at the distance from the bottom, which is equal to 0.25-0.30 of height of the wall that is oriented parallel to the upper burner; with that, at the bottom there are two air supply holes equally spaced from front and rear walls to the distance equal to 0.33 of length of the chamber. |
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Iron production from water suspension of particles of iron compounds ore and device to this end Invention relates to nonferrous metallurgy, particularly to production of metallic iron. This method comprises formation of initial stock composed of water suspension containing iron compounds produced by introduction of iron ore particles into preset water volume. Said initial stock is displaced through serial processing zones. Here, metal is reduced with the help of carbon contained in gases fed to said zones. Variable rotary magnetic fields generated in said zones allow deposition of metal particles, their accumulation and discharge of finished metal. Note here that this process is conducted at continuous processing of said stock. Used water suspension features dispersity of iron ore particles of 0.001-1.0 mm and their content of 40-70%. Said variable rotary magnetic fields feature intensity in processing zones of 1*106-1*107 A/m and frequency of 40-70 Hz, in amount of 2 to 6, finished iron yielding as iron granules sized to 4-10 mm. |
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Automatic gun for stopping metallurgical furnace tap hole Invention relates to metallurgy, particularly, to gun for sealing the metallurgical furnace tap hole. Proposed gun comprises power cylinder to intake sealing mass and sealing piston to extrude sealing mass from power cylinder nozzle pressed to furnace tap hole. Power cylinder comprises cylinder tube with at least one plug-in wearing insert made of welded sheet blank fitted therein. |
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Cast iron alloying with vanadium Invention relates to ferrous metallurgy and foundry, particularly, to improvement of properties of cast iron used for production of parts operated under variable-sign loads. In compliance with this invention, vanadium compound is reduced in cast iron melt under flux ply in the presence of reducer. Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) is used as said vanadium compound. Ferrosilicon (FS75) is used as said reducer. Note here that vanadium is introduced into cast iron by chemical dispersion at feed to melt surface of the mix containing 30% of V2O5 , 20% of FS75 and 50% of CaO. |
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Afterburning of combustible gas in arc furnace Invention relates to electrometallurgy and can be used at electrosmelting of sintered pellets at arc steel smelting furnaces with combustible gas afterburning above the pool nearby the zone of off-gas suction form the plant. In compliance with this invention, swirled oxygen flow is fed into furnace working space, afterburning of combustible gases formed above the slag bath, feed of released heat resulted from combustible gas afterburning to slag bath and suction of off-gas flow. Off-gas is sucked off via pipe fitted in the furnace roof. Swirled oxygen flow is fed towards combustible gas flow with the help of movable tuyere arranged in axis of said pipe. Afterburning is performed between pipe inlet, rood, walls and slag bath to produce the afterburning tongue directed at 30-60 degrees to slag bath surface. |
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Arc steel-smelting furnace with combustible gas afterburning Invention relates to electrometallurgy and can be used at electrosmelting of sintered pellets at arc steel smelting furnaces with combustible gas afterburning above the pool nearby the zone of off-gas suction form the plant. Arc steel smelting furnace comprises body with metal and slag channel, roof, lateral walls and tuyere for oxygen flow feed for off-gas afterburning in the furnace working space. This furnace incorporates off-gas suction pipe fitted at furnace roof. Said tuyere is arranged inside said pipe to displace along pipe axis and relative to this axis within the limits of 30-60 degrees. Note that nozzle is fitted at the end of said tuyere, nozzle inner surface being threaded to swirl oxygen flow at nozzle outlet and to interact with opposite combustible off-gas flow from the bath. |
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Invention relates to heat treatment, for example, high-frequency tempering of metal parts. Proposed device comprises induction heating coils (26) to heat inductively different parts o processed target section (A) in axial direction of blank (12). Note here that blank (12) and coil (26) displace relative to each other in circular direction (R) of processed section (A). Heating coil (26) features zigzag shape with cranked section (34) that opens axially in one direction and cranked section (35) that opens axially in opposite direction and continuously alternate in circular direction (R). |
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Heat processing of refractory martensite steels Proposed method comprises holding in austenite region at 1060°C for 30-40 min with subsequent air cooling two-step tempering. At first step, low-temperature tempering is performed at 200-350°C while at second step it is performed at 760°C. Every tempering takes 3 hours. |
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High-strength armour steel and production of sheets thereof Proposed steel contains components in the following ratio in wt %: carbon - 0.28-0.40, silicon - 0.80-1.40, manganese - 0.50-0.80, chromium - 0.10-0.70, nickel - 1.50-2.20, molybdenum - 0.30-0.80, aluminium - 0.005-0.05, copper - not over 0.30, sulphur - not over 0.012, phosphorus - not over 0.015, iron making the rest. Molybdenum-to-carbon ratio makes 0.8-2.0. Steel blanks are heated to hot deformation temperature to carry out rolling at specified reduction and to quench with tempering. Quenching is performed at press with cooling in water at the pressure of 150-500 kg/cm2 and water flow rate of 0.2-0.5 m3/h. |
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Method of making strips from low-alloy steel Invention relates to metallurgy, particularly, to pipe rolling and can be used for production of pipes for gas and oil mains in northern areas and seismic zones. Slabs are heated to 1200-1260°C, rolled, subjected to fast cooling and winding. Note here that rolling finishing and winding temperatures make 780-840°C and 530-590°C, respectively. Strip accelerated cooling is carried out in two steps. Note here that at first step at steel carbon equivalent Ceq=0.36-0.37% strip is cooled to 620±20°C, while at Ceq=0.42-0.43% - to 600±20°C. At second step strip is cooled at the rate of 5-30°C/s to winding temperature. Slab is made of steel containing in wt %: 0.05-0.11 C, 1.45-1.75 Mn, 0.15-0.30 Si, 0.001-0.06 V, 0.04-0.08 Nb, 0.01-0.025 Ti, 0.02-0.05 Al, 0.01-0.25 Cr, 0.01-0.25 Ni, 0.01-0.25 Cu, [Cr]+[Ni]+[Cu]≤0.60%, 0.0001-0.005 S, 0.0001-0.015 P, 0.001-0.010 N. |
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Production of hot-rolled stock from microalloyed steels Blank is heated to temperature higher than steel austenitising, rough rolling is performed as well as straining-to-straining cooling, finish rolling at 950-770°C for at least 60 s to form nano-sized islands of Nb-Nb, and/or Nb-Ti, and/or Nb-Mo, and/or Mo-Mo in the matrix of paramagnetic cubic face-centred and/or space-centred iron. Then, thermal treatment is performed at 680-450°C for at least 80 s to form nano-sized isolations of Cu-Cu and/or Cu-Ni in the matrix of ferromagnetic cubic space-centred iron. |
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Shaft furnace charge material distributor Invention relates to metallurgy, particularly, to shaft furnace charge distributor. Proposed distributor comprises main housing, distributor trough, suspended rotor and adjusting rotor that can turn about vertical rotational axis. Trough is hinged to hinged rotor to run there along for circular charge distribution and to be adjusted relative to hinged rotor by adjusting rotor for radial distribution of the charge. Differential gearing engages hinged rotor with adjusting rotor. Distributor comprises first housing arranged at the main housing and including the angular gear between, in fact, vertical output shaft. The latter extends from the first housing into the main housing to engage with gear wheel. The latter engages with hinged rotor first ring gear and coupling shaft. The latter extends from the first housing at the angle, in particular, to perpendicular thereto. Distributor comprises first housing arranged at the main housing and including the angular gear between, in fact, vertical output shaft. The latter extends from the first housing into the main housing to engage with gear wheel. The latter engages with hinged rotor second ring gear and coupling shaft extending from second housing at the angle, in particular, to perpendicular thereto. Third housing is spaced from first and second housings and accommodates differential gear. Note here that differential gear engages with the first shaft engaged with coupling shaft and second shaft engaged, in its turn, with second housing coupling shaft. |
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Shaft furnace charge material distributor Invention relates to metallurgy, particularly, to shaft furnace charge distributor. Proposed distributor comprises main housing, distributor trough, suspended rotor and adjusting rotor that can turn about vertical rotational axis. Distributor is hinged to suspended rotor to be adjusted by adjusting rotor in direction. Differential gearing engages both rotors for differential rotation of adjusting rotor relative to hinged rotor. Said gearing imparts such rpm to adjusting rotor that is transferred to hinged rotor by the main drive. Distributor comprises gearbox first housing made at the main housing to accommodate gearing engaging the main drive with the first output shaft. The latter extends into the main housing to engage with gear wheel engaged with hinged rotor first ring gear. Gearbox second housing is arranged at the main housing to accommodate differential gear to engage adjusting drive with the second output shaft. The latter extends into the main housing to engage with gear wheel engaged with adjusting rotor second ring gear. It comprises train of shafts equipped with compensating coupling to engage gearbox second housing differential gearing with gearbox first housing gearing. |
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Production of texture sheets from electrical steel In compliance with this invention, slab contain the following components in wt %: 0.01-0.10 C, 2.5-4.5 Si, 0.02-0.12 Mn, 0.005-0.10 Al, 0.004-0.015 N, 0.005-0.06 S and/or 0.005-0.06 S. Steel sheet temperature is controlled to satisfy the equation T(t)<FDT-(FDT-700)×t/6 (where T(t) is steel sheet temperature (°C), FDT is finishing temperature of rolling (°C) and t is time interval (s) after termination of finish rolling) over the entire roll length at cooling after finish hot rolling. Besides, temperature of steel sheet roll end section making 10% of roll length is controlled to make at least 650°C in 3 seconds after termination of hot rolling. |
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Steel sheet processing universal line for production of various high-strength steels Invention relates to metal forming. Proposed line comprises unwinding and flushing station, heating station, holding station and delayed cooling station. Hydrogen cooling station and water quenching station are located downstream thereof and in parallel therewith. Note here that downstream of hydrogen cooling station located are reheating station, overageing station, final cooling station, straightening station, finishing station, lubrication station and winding station. Downstream of water quenching station located are acid flushing station and galvanic station. Note also that hot zinc-plating station is arranged downstream of reheating station and connected therewith. Note also that galvanil-plating station is arranged downstream of hot zinc-plating station and connected therewith. Mind that acid flushing station and galvanic stations are separately connected with reheating station via connection channels. Said galvanic station is directly connected via connection channel with unwinding station and flushing station. Water quenching station is connected with delayed cooling station via fixed bypass channel. Reheating station is connected with overageing station via plug-in bypass channel. |
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Method of manufacturing hardened steel articles with accurate geometrical dimensions Articles are installed with a gap into austenitic stainless steel tubes which are rigidly fixed by a non-detachable connection in the base of a device and are free to elongate and expand at heating, the device with articles is put into a cooling vessel, the vessel is blown through by inert gas under excessive pressure to provide for non-oxidising environment, the vessel is connected to a muffle with inert gas blowing being continued, the device with articles is installed in the preheated space of the furnace muffle. Movement of the device with articles, their heating up to the hardening temperature and maturing are carried out in the inert gas environment under the pressure exceeding the atmospheric one, after heating the device with articles is placed in the cooling vessel, the vessel is disconnected from the furnace muffle and cooled under the pressure exceeding the atmospheric one down to the temperature of not more than 100°C and then the device with articles is unloaded. |
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Method of thermomechanical treatment Invention relates to thermomechanical process in production of thick sheet (1) from higher-viscosity initial material, particularly, low-temperature viscosity. Thick sheet (1) is heated and subjected to partial or final rolling and, then, to accelerated cooling. Thick sheet (1) heated for partial rolling above temperature Ac3 is subjected to accelerated cooling after final forming. Thick sheet (1) is subjected to accelerated cooling to below Ar3 between partial and final rolling and, then, to inductive heating to above Ac3. |
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Steel rail and method of its production Sheet is made of steel containing in wt %: 0.85-1.20 C, 0.05-2.00 Si, 0.05-0.50 Mn, 0.05-0.60 Cr, P ≤ 0.0150, Fe and unavoidable impurities making the rest. At least 97% of the head surface part located in area from head angular and top parts as initial point to depth of 10 mm features perlite structure. Perlite structure Vickers hardness makes HV 320-500. CMn/FMn ratio makes 1.0-5.0, where CMn [at %] is Mn concentration in cementite phase in perlite structure, FMn [at %] is Mn concentration in ferrite phase. |
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Blast furnace charging process Proposed method comprises preliminary sieving of materials at screens with preset meshes to isolate oversize and undersize fractions. Weight of undersize fraction of agglomerate loaded into blast furnace throat periphery is set subject to agglomerate portion in the charge ion-ore part, its weight in head part of loaded iron-ore portion and agglomerate strength index at reduction-heat treatment of agglomerate oversize fraction. Note here that strength index is defined experimentally from yield of fraction larger than 6.3 mm while undersize fraction feed frequency is set in inverse proportion to in amount in the range of iron-ore feed from each portion to every fifth portion. |
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Method and device for inoculation Invention relates to metallurgy and can be used for inoculation of grey iron or iron with globular graphite. Proposed method comprises initiation of plasma arc between the surface of said alloy and plasma torch cathode arranged in foundry distributor located ahead of mould line. Note here that said plasma torch comprises anode partially immersed in said foundry iron alloy and cathode located above the surface of said alloy to initiate plasma arc between said cathode and said surface. Note also that anode or cathode, or both comprise graphite that makes an alloy crystallisation dummy bar. |
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High-strength cold-rolled sheet steel and method of its production Sheet is made of steel containing in wt %: 0.06-0.12 C, 0.4-0.8 Si, 1.6-2.0 Mn, 0.01-1.0 Cr, 0.001-0.1 V, 0.05 or less P, 0.01 or less S, 0.01-0.5 sol. Al, and 0.005 or less N, iron and unavoidable impurities making the rest. Said sheet features structure including the following components in volume fractions: polygonal ferrite - 50% or more, martensite - 5-15, residual austenite - 1-5, bainite or perlite or both making the rest. |
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Case-hardened steel element and method of its production Invention relates to case-hardened steel element, to method of its production and case-hardening steel. Steel-hardened steel element is produced at special stages of case-hardening, cooling and quenching. Steel element contains the following components in wt %: C: 0.1-0.40; Si: 0.35-3.0; Mn: 0.1-3; P: 0.03 or less; S: 0.15 or less; Al: 0.05 or less; N: 0.03 or less; Cr: less than 0.2 and Mo: 0.1 or less; Fe and unavoidable impurities making the rest. Its surface layer has first ply with carbon concentration of 0.60-0.85 wt % and martensite structure wherein no oxide layer caused by Si presence exists at grains interface. Second ply has carbon concentration of 0.1-0.4 wt % and martensite structure. Third ply has carbon concentration of 0.1-0.4 wt % and has no martensite structure. |
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Production of expanded slag on melt of stainless steel at converter Invention relates to metallurgy, particularly, to production of stainless steel at converter. Proposed method comprises introduction of foaming material in between the layer of slag formed due to oxidative refining in converter and fused metal composed by metal oxide or metal carrier, carbon and binder as granules or pellets. During foaming agent introduction, quantity of granules or pellets is adjusted in the range of 2-30 kg per ton a minute to ensure the preset height of foamed slag. Said height is maintained during the preset definite time. Added foaming agent is distributed layer-by-layer at the rate of 1-5 kg/m2/min per unit surface. |
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Invention relates to metallurgy, particularly, to production of stainless steel sheet for fuel element separator. Said steel contains the following substances, in wt %: C: 001 or less, Si: 1.0 or less, Mn: 1.0 or less, S: 0.01 or less, P: 0.05 or less, Al: 0.20 or less, N: 0.02 or less, Cr: 20-40, Mo: 4.0 or less and at least one element selected from Nb, Ti, and Zr: 0.05-0.60 on the whole, Fe and unavoidable impurities making the rest. Cold-rolled sheet 200 mcm in depth or less is cooled at cooling rate adjustment R (°C/c) depending upon steel sheet depth t (mcm) to at least 500°C after annealing so that cooling rate R satisfies the formula: -17,27×ln(t)+92≤R≤70; per 100 mcm2 at least island exists with equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 mcm of larger while sheet depth t (mcm) to-maximum diameter Dmax of said island satisfies the following formula: 20≤t/Dmax. |
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Hot-rolled steel sheet and method of its production Hot-rolled steel sheet is produced to meet the preset requirements and to satisfy the terms 0<S/Ca<0.8, N-14/48×Ti≥"0" (zero), wt %. Note here that fraction of proeutectoid ferrite makes 3% or larger and 20% or less, the rest represents the low-temperature conversion in microstructure at half the sheet depth over sheet depth from steel sheet surface. Mean-size of crystalline grain of the entire microstructure makes 2.5 mcm or less. Grain size averaged over the area makes 9 mcm or less. Mean square deviation from grain size averaged over the area makes 2.3 mcm or less. Relation of X-ray reflex intensities {211}/{111} in directions {211} and {111} relative to plane parallel about steel sheet surface at half the sheet depth over sheet thickness from sheet surface makes 1.1 or more. |
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Method and device for production of cast iron or fused steel semis Invention relates to production of cast iron or steel semis. In compliance with this invention, metal-bearing stock is reduced, at least partially, in reduction zone with the help of reduction gas, fed in fusion zone and smelted at feed of carbon carriers and oxygen-bearing gas to form reduction gas. Said formed gas is fed to reduction zone wherein it is converted and bled as export gas. Carbon dioxide is separated from export gas to use formed gaseous product for delivery of carbon carrier powders to fusion zone. Note here that gaseous product is fed to at least one mixing chamber along with said carbon carrier powders and transfer gas, nitrogen in particular, to fusion zone. |
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Out-of-furnace processing of welded articles Proposed method is realised in heating chamber shaped to a segment following the article heated part surface and confined by housing, gas feed and smoke bleed manifolds and article heated surface. Article surface fragment is heated in heating chamber by surface combustion of diffusion gas tongues displacing along heating surface and by system of air jets flowing thereat perpendicularly. Formed combustion products are evacuated via collection manifold by smoke sucker and removed from working zone. |
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Remelting of extruded briquettes containing oxides and solid carbon in induction crucible furnace This method exploits extruded briquettes. These briquettes contain oxides and solid carbon. Electrically conducting charge is fused by arc discharge initiated between said charge and graphite electrode. Said briquettes are loaded in portions around said graphite electrode to make a protective layer between electric arc and crucible wall. Then, inductor is switched on and, as briquettes are heated in liquid molten pool and reductive metallisation develops, solid electrode is used to decrease the electric arc discharge power. Now, inductor power is increased as active slag is formed on molten pool, its temperature exceeding that of molten pool. |
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Invention relates to metallurgy, particularly, to blast furnace tuyere cooling system. This system comprises cast or milled metal body with serpentine passage for cooling fluid circulation and several webs arranged there inside to make some serpentine loops. Said loops allow turning of cooling fluid in every row of serpentine loops. Every web of sad rows features gradual bulge extending towards its distal end terminating in rounding which allows a 180-degree turn of said cooling fluid into the next serpentine loop. Inner side of serpentine passage with cooling fluid turn has rounded sections arranged radially relative to every bulge of every web. |
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Method of heat treatment of rails Prior to cooling of rolled rail at the finishing temperature of rolling of 850-870°C, rail ends are clamped in clip-on chucks and stretched in lengthwise direction at strain making 0.7-0.9 of yield point of rail steel at the finishing temperature of rolling. |
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Control over continuous heat treatment Invention relates to machine building and metallurgy. It aims at preventing the rejects of continuously annealed metal blank and allowing the maximum metal yield. Continuous thermal processing is continuously controlled by NDT testing of mechanical properties after thermal processing. Electric power intensity is used as a control record. Current power consumption is compared with power inputs derived from preset regression dependence of mechanical properties on power costs per unit for required mechanical properties. Blank heat treatment conditions are adjusted to make the magnitude of power inputs fall in the range of tolerable magnitudes. |
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Method of production of "cover"- and "bottom"-like articles Steel blank is heated to deformation temperature and subjected to extrusion forging to produce hollow barrel-shape forged piece. Initial blank is heated in the temperature range covering the critical temperature of complete conversion to austenite Ac3 to maximum temperature of steel deformation at hot stamping. Extrusion is conducted with prevailing compressive stress under conditions of all-round irregular compression at deformation ratio over 50%. Thermal, hardening heat processing and cutting are performed. |
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Article is processed by pulse laser with efficient pulse energy of 60-500 J, pulse power density of 1.2·1010-4.3·1011 W/m2, wavelength of 1.064·10-6 m, pulse duration of 0.8·10-3 s, beam diameter of 1.2·10-3-2.5·10-3 m and distance fro irradiated point to surface being hardened of 12-30 mm. |
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Method of producing especially-low-carbon steel Process comprises metal tapping in steel ladle at metal oxidation not over 950 ppm. Equalising blowing with inert gas is conducted for 2-60 minutes at slag residual depth of 2-150 mm to start vacuum decarburisation at metal oxygenation of 350-600 ppm and 1610-1650°C. After vacuum decarburisation aluminium and lime are added to obtain (CaO)/(Al2O3) ratio in cover slag of 1.0-1.7. The slag is deoxidised to (FeO)≤1.5 wt %. Ferroalloys are added to blow the melt with inert gas. At blowing, calcium-bearing agent is introduced in melt depth in amount of 0.15-0.5 kg of calcium per ton of steel. Now, ladle steel is fed for casting. |
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Heat treatment of cutting tool with built-in hard metal tip Heating for soldering is carried out in ring inductor at 1100-1150°C. Cutter hear is first cooled at the rate of 100-150°C/min in industrial oil "И-20A" at 60-80°C for 10-15 s. Then, the holder is placed in oil at 18-20°C and tempered at 200°C. |
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Method to produce wustite product for flushing of blast furnace hearth Invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, namely, to production of a highly protoxidic product used for flushing of walls and hearths of a blast furnace. The method includes annealing of a charge from bulk concentrate of annealed siderite with a carbon-containing material in a rotary furnace at the temperature of 1250-1350°C in a restoration atmosphere, which is created by means of incomplete burning of a carbon-containing material due to limited access of oxygen with specific flow of natural gas 45.0-55.0 Nm3/t of the charge and efficiency of the furnace equal to 19.0-25.0 kg/hour with 1 m3 of furnace volume. The bulk concentrate of annealed siderite and carbon-containing material within the charge are mixed at the components ratio of 5:1 with size of 10-40 mm and 0-10 mm, accordingly. The carbon-containing material is coke fines, and/or coal, and/or anthracite, and/or crushed graphitised or carbon materials. |
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Production of cold-rolled strip from low-carbon steel for coil blanking Invention relates to rolling and can be used for production of cold-rolled strip from low-carbon steel used for cold blanking. Proposed method comprises steel smelting at the following ratio of components in wt %: carbon - 0.003-0.007, manganese - 0.10-0.25, silicon - not over 0.03, sulphur - not over 0.025, phosphorus - not over 0.020, nickel - not over 0.10, chromium - not over 0.05, copper - not over 0.10, aluminium - 0.02-0.07, niobium - 0.020-0.050, titanium - 0.015-0.035, vanadium - not over 0.05, iron making the rest. Slab is subjected to hot rolling at coiling temperature of 700-750°C followed by cold rolling. Then, recrystallisation stepwise annealing with specified curing is performed at temperatures depending upon hardness of hot-rolled semi-finished stock calculated by empirical formula. Finally, temper rolling is carried out with reduction ε=0.8÷1.6%. |
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Method and device to produce substitute gas Invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, namely, to the method to produce substitute gas during recovery of material containing ferric oxide and a device for its realisation. Spent gas produced in recovery is removed and exposed to treatment from CO2, in which the residual gas containing CO2 is removed. Residual gas for levelling of oscillations of quantity and calorific capacity is temporarily stored in a gas depot, mixed with oxygen-containing gas, in particular, with pure oxygen, in a burner system, and is burnt to produce substitute gas. Substitute gas after dehydration is used as substitute of inert gas, in particular, nitrogen. |
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Device to adjust gas temperature in manifold pipeline of hot gas Invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular, to a device for adjustment of gas temperature in a manifold pipeline for supply of hot gas into a blast furnace. The device comprises a mixing reservoir with the first and second mixing chambers, which are hydrodynamically connected to each other by means of narrowing of a Venturi pipe type. The first mixing chamber is equipped with the first inlet window for supply of hot gas into the first mixing chamber, the second inlet window for supply of cold gas into the first mixing chamber and the third inlet window for supply of cold gas into the second mixing chamber. The first mixing chamber is also equipped with the first outlet window for supply of the first flow of mixed gas from the first mixing chamber into the first gas distribution system. The second mixing chamber is equipped with the second outlet window for supply of the second flow of mixed gas from the second mixing chamber into the second gas distribution system. The first flow of the mixed gas has temperature differing from the temperature of the second flow of mixed gas. |
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Method to produce highly permeable anisotropic electric steel Steel is smelted, poured to produce a slab, the slab is heated, rough and finishing rolling is carried out, then cooling, etching, double-stage cold rolling with intermediate decarbonising annealing, application of a magnesia coating onto a strip, high-temperature and straightening annealing is carried out, at the same time steel is smelted at the following ratio of components, wt %: C 0.018-0.035, Mn 0.10-0.40, Si 3.0-3.50, Al 0.010-0.035, N2 0.008-0.015, Cu 0.4-0.6, balance - iron and unavoidable admixtures, meeting the ratio between carbon and silicon so that the share of austenite during finishing hot rolling in the temperature range of 1150-1050°C makes 2-10%, prior to finishing hot rolling temperature of rolling is maintained in the range 1180-1280°C, and rolling is carried out with total extent of deformation 80-95% and with temperature of rolling end 970-1030°C, strips are cooled after rolling during the time not exceeding two seconds, and heating for high-temperature annealing in the range of temperatures 400-700°C is carried out with speed of 20-25°C/hour. |
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Method for direct restoration of metal-containing material Invention relates to metallurgy and may be used in process of metal recovery from their oxides by recovery gas in a shaft furnace. The method includes stabilisation and maintenance of temperature mode in zones of carburisation, internal layer conversion and recovery of the shaft furnace autonomously by heating with inductors, at the same time cold gas mixture is supplied into the zone of internal layer conversion, which is designed for conversion. |
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Method to melt steel in steel-making vessel (versions) In the first version of the method they continuously load previously heated metal charge into a furnace, at the same time in process of melting they continuously add a gas-forming synthetic composite material into a metal bath, and the material is represented by bars made of an iron-carbon alloy and a solid oxidant, in the amount of 1.0-10.0% of the metal charge mass, at the certain ratio of components, besides, the gas-forming synthetic composite material is heated to 100-900°C and entered to the hearth of the furnace in a separate flow, together with the metal charge flow, with a layer of not more than 0.5 m. In the second version of the method - in process of melting they continuously add a gas-forming synthetic composite material into a metal bath, and the material is represented by bars made of an iron-carbon alloy and a solid oxidant, in the amount of 11.0-50.0% of the metal charge mass, also at the certain content of components, besides, a part of the gas-forming synthetic composite material in the amount of 1.0-10.0% of the metal charge mass is heated to 100-900°C and entered to the hearth of the furnace in a separate flow, together with the metal charge flow, in a layer of not more than 0.5 m, and the remaining quantity of the gas-forming synthetic composite material is distributed in the composition of the metal charge flow prior to its introduction into the metal bath. |
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Method to produce metal product with specified structural condition Stock is made of steel containing wt %: C 0.05-0.18, Si 0.05-0.6, Mn 1.30-2.05, S not more than 0.015, P not more than 0.020, Cr 0.02-0.35, Ni 0.02-0.45, Cu 0.05-0.30, Ti not more than 0.050, Nb 0.010-0.100, V not more than 0.120, N not more than 0.012, Al not more than 0.050, Mo not more than 0.45, iron and unavoidable admixtures - balance. The stock is heated, and rough rolling is carried out under temperatures exceeding temperature of austenite recrystallisation, with a deformation-to-deformation pause, providing for required reduction of metal temperature, then finishing rolling is carried out, straightening and accelerated cooling of rolled metal, at the same time heating temperature for rolling T is set to ensure required solubility of carbides and nitrides of microalloying elements, and using the following dependence: t+280°C<T<t+310°C, where t=883-313.95C+37.88Si-9.58Mn-2.79Cr-15.99Ni-2.55Cu+110.18Ti+5.5Nb+76.74V-142.53N+71.45Al+23.67Mo, °C, and heat removal from the rolled metal surface in process of accelerated cooling is sent to ensure formation of the required volume share of bainite in the cross section of the metal product. |
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Method to produce hot-rolled wide-strip coil stock Stock is made of steel containing wt %: 0.07 carbon, 0.03 silicon, 0.4÷1.6 manganese, 0.03 chrome, 0.03 nickel, 0.012 sulphur, 0.014 phosphorus, 0.047 aluminium, 0.04 copper, 0.018 titanium, 0.007 nitrogen, 0.02÷0.09 niobium, 0.003 vanadium, which is exposed to rolling, accelerated cooling and winding of strips into a coil stock, at the same time if strip thickness is up to 5 mm inclusive, they use steel with actual content of manganese and niobium, if thickness of rolled steel is from 5.01 mm to 12 mm inclusive - steel with content of manganese more than 1.5 times and content of niobium more than 1.2 times more than in production of rolled stock with thickness of up to 5 mm, with thickness of rolled steel from 12.01 mm to 16 mm, inclusive - steel with content of manganese more than 1.9 times and content of niobium more than 1.5 times than in production of rolled steel with thickness of up to 5 mm, at the same time temperature of end of rolling is maintained as lower than the temperature Ar3÷(Ar3-30)°C, winding temperature is provided as lower than Ar1 by 100÷150°C, calculating values of Ar3 and Ar1 using the following formulas: Ar3=879.2-94.24[C]-21.13[Si]-25.56[Mn]+47.71[Cr]+16.44[Ni]; Ar1=729.2-9.24[C]+12.13[Si]-15.56[Mn]+17.71[Cr]-46.44[Ni]. |
Another patent 2513581.