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Method to improve explosives and explosive /versions/ Invention relates to explosives used in civil blasting works and in military ammunition, mostly cumulative. The method to improve explosives includes addition of boron or its compound to a nitrogen-containing explosive. Mixtures of octogene or ammonia nitrate are described, or ammonia dinitramide with boron or boron compounds, including tetraboran, diboran, berillium boron hydride, and a mixture of boron with berillium boron hydride. Substantially boron reacts exothermally with nitrogen with increased energy of explosion; compounds of boron, such as borans, also provide for large amount of hydrogen. |
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Emulsion explosive composition for blasting work with blast-hole charges Invention relates to explosive compositions used for blasting work in shallow pits which are not gas- or dust-hazardous, using blast-hole charges with direct or inverse initiation. The emulsion composition contains an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate or calcium nitrate as an oxidative phase, a hydrocarbon phase in form of industrial oil or diesel fuel in a mixture with an emulsifier for industrial emulsion explosives in a mixture with tall or oleoresin pine rosin, carbamide, added in form of an aqueous solution with sodium nitrate or calcium nitrate and as a sensitising agent - aqueous sodium nitrite solution coupled with glass microspheres. Components for increasing explosive performance and controlling oxygen balance, for example dispersed aluminium, can also be added. |
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Invention relates to explosives designed for ore breaking when mining weak deposits arranged in unstable enclosing rocks. The base of the substance is ammonium nitrate in the amount of 95-97 wt %, in the melt of which 3-5 wt % of barium sulfate is added as a catalyst with dispersion of 0.15-0.2 mm. |
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Solid-fuel gas-generating composition Invention relates to high-energy condensed systems and specifically to solid-fuel gas-generating compositions, and can be used in different gas generators of fire-extinguishing systems, self-contained systems of raising sunken objects, airbags, oil production stimulation systems and apparatus for producing different compounds in a combustion wave. The composition contains ZHV ammonium nitrate as an oxidant, guanidine salt of dinitramide as fuel, methylpolyvinyl tetrazole which is plasticised with a mixture of 2,4-dinitro-2,4-diazapentane with 1-ethyl-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole as binder, orthocarborane as an additive, di-N-oxide-1,3-dinitrile-2,4,6-triethylbenzene as a curing agent. |
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Method of emulsion granulite preparation Invention relates to ammonia-saltpetre explosive substances and can be used for preparation of emulsion granulite. Method includes crushing and dispersion of ammonia saltpetre with hot water, preparation of mixture of crude oil product with emulsifier, emulsification of obtained mixture, all actions being carried out in grinding-mixing disintegrator. After that, matrix emulsion is directed to reservoir, into which solid inflammable additive is supplied. As additive used is preliminarily magnetised powder of ferrosilicoaluminium. |
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Explosive emulsion composition and methods of producing said composition Invention relates to an explosive emulsion composition and a method of producing said composition. The detonation-sensitive explosive emulsion composition contains an oxidative phase which contains oversaturated ammonium nitrate solution, a combustible phase which contains an emulsifying agent and a substance which reduces crystallisation temperature, specifically hexamine nitrate. The method of producing the explosive emulsion composition involves preparation of ammonium nitrate solution and keeping it at temperature of 90°C or higher, obtaining an oil phase which contains an emulsifying agent, mixing ammonium nitrate, the oil phase and the substance which reduces crystallisation temperature, and maintaining temperature of 90°C or higher for less than 8 hours after adding the substance which reduces crystallisation temperature. |
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Device to produce porous granulated ammonium nitrate comprises a drum, arranged as capable of installation as inclined relative to the horizontal line and as capable of rotation around its central axis, a feeder-batcher, a tray for supply of granulated ammonium nitrate into a loading neck of a drum and a receiving hopper. The drum is made with two internal longitudinal through cylindrical working cavities, is equipped with heat insulation along the side external surface and is arranged in a heat-protective jacket at the hollow shaft arranged as capable of supplying liquid coolant to walls of working cavities in counterflow relative to supply of granulated ammonium nitrate. The method for production of porous granulated ammonium nitrate consists in the fact that thermal treatment of granulated ammonium nitrate is carried out by means of its heating in a rotary drum to the temperature of 32.3 - 50°C, soaking at this temperature in a rotary drum for 0.5 - 5 minutes and soaking in a receiving hopper at the temperature of environment for 0.5 - 10 minutes. |
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Method of producing oxidant for condensed energy systems Present invention relates to oxidants for solid-fuel condensed energy systems based on a double ammonium nitrate-perchlorate oxidant. The method involves mixing anhydrous salts - ammonium nitrate and ammonium perchlorate in form of crystals with size 50 mcm or smaller in ratio of 0.9-0.1:0.1-0.9, respectively, in a heat resistant vessel and heating to 185°C for 20-30 minutes, after which temperature is raised to 200-250°C and the mixture temperature-controlled for 8-12 hours. |
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Method of producing emulsion explosive compound Present invention relates to the technology of producing emulsion explosive compounds used in mine blasting works. The method of producing an emulsion explosive compound involves preparing a matrix emulsion from aqueous ammonium nitrate solution in the medium of a mixture of hydrocarbon fuel and a surfactant and mixing the matrix emulsion with a granular phase and a sensitising agent from aqueous sodium nitrite solution, where the matrix emulsion and granular phase are mixed in ratio 90-60/10-40, and the granular phase is a granular alloy of ammonium-sodium or ammonium-potassium nitrate in ration ranging from 95/5 to 80/20. |
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Emulsion explosive composition Invention relates to blasting works in mining industry on the Earth's surface with manual and mechanical loading of wells of any degree of water content, and specifically to explosives for hard, medium and soft rock and coal. The emulsion explosive composition contains ammonium nitrate (10-45 wt %) in a gassified inverted emulsion (the rest up to 100), where the gassified inverted emulsion contains the following in wt %: industrial oil 3.0-9.5; emulsifying agent 1.0-3.5; water 13.0-18.0; ammonium nitrate - the rest up to 100; gas-generating additive 0.4-2.5 over 100, wherein the inverted emulsion contains 0.09-6.0 wt % of an additional component which forms metal ions, e.g., sodium chloride, alkali metal salts of animal fatty acids, e.g., sodium stearate or plant fatty acids, e.g., tall oil soap. The emulsion can contain 0.5-2.5 wt % carbamide, and ammonium nitrate particles have average specific surface area of not less than 11900 mm2/g. |
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Composition of granulated explosive substance (versions) and preparation method thereof Invention relates to blasting works and can be used in preparing granulated explosives which can be used to blast mountain mass in the mining industry. The disclosed composition of granulated explosive substance contains granular ammonium nitrate, a water-resistant emulsion based on ammonia-carbamide solutions which contain mineral oil (industrial), ammonium nitrate, carbamide, water and an emulsifying agent, and dust-like combustible additives: coal and aluminium powder with particle size of 0.7-100 mcm. Two versions of the ratio of components are presented. The method of preparing the granulated explosive substance involves mixing ammonium nitrate with emulsions and solid combustible additives. In the process of preparing the explosive substance, aluminium powder, followed by the coal dust-like additive, is added to the granular ammonium nitrate after mixing with the emulsion. |
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Invention relates to industrial explosive substances. Explosive composition contains 92-38 wt % of granulated or crystalline ammonium nitrate, 2-6 wt % of oil-in water type emulsion and 2-60 wt % of energy additive. Emulsion of oil-in-water type consists of 70-80 wt % of mixture of vegetable oil, petroleum oil and Diesel fuel, 5.9-8 wt % of ammonium nitrate, 8-12 wt % of carbamide, 6-8 wt % of water and 0.1-1.5 wt % of emulsifier in form of derivatives of alkyl polyethylene glycol esters or polyoxyethylated esters of isotridecyl alcohol, or mono- and dialylphenyl oxypolyethyleneglycol asters, or polyoxyethylated esters of fatty acids. As enegy additive composition contains crashed to particle size 0.1-20 mm ballistic rocket solid fuel or powder, or hexogen, or mixture of phlagmatised hexogen with aluminium, or mixture of hexogen with trotyl, or mixture of hexogen with trotyl and aluminium, or powder-like trotyl, or their mixture, or aluminium or silicoaluminium with particle size 0.001-0.1 mm. |
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Method of obtaining porous granulated ammonium nitrate Invention relates to technology of obtaining porous granulated ammonium nitrate for preparation of explosive substances. Into ammonium nitrate solution as stabilising additive introduced is ammonium phosphate in amount 0.3-1.0 wt % and ammonium salt of sulphuric acid in amount 0.03-0.25 wt % with respect to ammonium nitrate or used are phosphoric acid in amount 0.3-1.0 wt % and sulphuric acid in amount 0.03-0.25 wt % with respect to ammonium nitrate. Obtained solution is evaporated to the state of melt, which contains 0.2-0.3 wt % of water. Into obtained melt successively introduced are saturated water solution of surface-active substance of NF dispersant at temperature of its boiling, and after that pore-forming additive in form of saturated at temperature 40°C water solutions of ammonium carbonate in water or mixture of ammonium carbonate and ammonium nitrate in water, or mixture of ammonium carbonate, carbamide and ammonium nitrate in water. Obtained melt is dispersed into drops, which are crystallised, obtained granules are cooled and conditioned. |
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Method of making explosive substance Invention relates to safe methods of making water-resistant granulated industrial explosive substances. The method of making explosive substance involves mechanical mixture of granulated ammonium nitrate with diesel fuel, addition into the obtained mixture of ammonium nitrate powder in volume 5-10% less than the volume of inter-grain spacing or a mixture consisting of 79 wt % ammonium nitrate powder or 21 wt % trinitrotoluene, or a mixture consisting of 94 wt % ammonium nitrate powder and 6 wt % aluminium or magnesium, or ferrosilicon. The granulated ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate powder and diesel fuel are taken in stoichiometric ratio. |
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Method for preparation of granulite Method for preparation of granulite includes treatment of granulated ammonium nitrate by oil product with dissolved antistatic additive, having specific electric resistance, which does not exceed 104 Ohm/m, and produced by means of addition of antistatic additive into oil product in amount that does not exceed 0.0046 wt % from mass of oil product. Antistatic additive is represented by "Crodastat" or "Kerostat 8168", or "ASP-3". |
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Emulsion explosive (EE) contains granulated ammonium nitrate and emulsion on the basis of aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate and mixture of oil products with emulsifiers. Emulsion is represented by emulsion with negative oxygen balance, which consists of 74.56 - 41.282 wt % of ammonium nitrate, 18.64 - 10.321 wt % of water, 15.10 - 46.697 wt % of diesel fuel or mineral oil, or their mixture and not more than 1.7 wt % of emulsifier. EE has zero oxygen balance and produced by mixing of 10-90 wt % of granulated ammonium nitrate and 90-10 wt % of emulsion. |
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Method for preparation of explosive and device for its realisation Device is proposed for preparation of explosive, which consists of granulated ammonium nitrate and liquid oil product, and method for preparation of explosive with application of this device. Device comprises reservoir for liquid oil product with pressure hose, bag for placement of granulated ammonium nitrate in it, perforated needle arranged inside bag for spraying of liquid oil product under head of at least 5 m/s into bag along full length of bag in the form of cylinder with sharpened end, with ratio of cylinder length to its diametre of not more than 100/1 and joined via pump and counter of liquid oil product with outlet of pressure hose. Distance between nearest holes in perforated needle makes not more than 20 average diametres of ammonium nitrate granules, and diametre of bag - not more than 50 diametres of perforated needle. |
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Method for sensibilisation of emulsive explosives Invention is related to emulsive explosives (EE). According to method for EE sensibilisation on the basis of emulsion matrix by means of development of porosity in it by saturation with gas bubbles, aqueous solution of reagent-gasifier is introduced into mass of substance as previously mixed with fine-grained solid particles of combustible or inertial material with particle size from 0.01 to 200 microns. Fine-grained solid particles of fuel are represented by powdery aluminium or coal powder, or soot, and fine-grained solid particles of inertial material are represented by aerosil or talc, or glass microspheres. |
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Emulsion safety explosive and method for its production Safety emulsion explosive (SEE) comprises microspheres as sensitiser, dispersion of aqueous solution of inorganic oxidant-salts and flash eliminator salt in medium of flammable carbohydrate phase, which consists of industrial oil, stabiliser of dispersion and emulsifier, and additionally contains as flash eliminator powdery potassium chloride with particle size of less than 500 mcm. Dispersion contains ammonia nitre and sodium nitre as inorganic oxidant salts, petroleum butter or polyisobutylene as stabiliser of dispersion, potassium chloride as flash eliminator salt. Method for production of SEE includes production of dispersion by means of heating with mixing of aqueous solution of inorganic oxidant salts and potassium chloride and flammable hydrocarbon phase, dispersion, cooling of produced aqueous dispersion down to 20÷75°C, its mixing with sensitiser and with powdery potassium chloride. |
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Ammonium nitrate crystals, high explosive ammonium-based agent and method for production According to the present invention, there is provided high explosive agent (versions) and production method, method for ammonium nitrate crystal production and ammonium nitrate crystals. According to version 1 high explosive agent includes ammonium-nitrate component and organic carbonaceous combustible component where the given ammonium-nitrate component comprises ammonium nitrate crystals with particle size of approximately 1 to nearly 500 microns and one or more than one crystal line habit modifier. |
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Industrial explosive substance Invention relates to field of industrial explosive substances. Industrial explosive substance contains explosive sensitiser with particulae size not more than 6 mm and with humidity from 0 to not more than 5 wt % in form of milled powders and/or fuels of ballistic, pyroxylin type, or spherical powders, or their mixtures, ammonium nitrate as oxidant, polyakrylamide or nitrous salt of carboxymethylcellulose as gel-forming polymer, structuring addive in form of salt of polyvalent metal (Cr+2, Cr+3, Fe+3, Al+3), transformer oil, instrument oil, straw oil, industrial oil or their mixture as phlegmatiser and water. |
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Granulated or powdery crystalline product for production of industrial explosive substances Crystalline ammonium nitrate is proposed in granulated or powdery type for production of explosive substances. It has microstructure with size of unit domains from 20 to 120 nm and even density of dislocations distribution, at that density of dislocations distribution (P, cm) is determined according to the formula P=3/D3, where D is size of unit domains. Granules may be arranged as solid or porous. |
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Method of colouring ammonium nitrate for technological purposes Invention relates to the method of colouring ammonium nitrate for technological purposes, used for making explosive materials, particularly, for the production of high-density and porous ammonium nitrate with a characteristic distinctive colouring of the granules. It can be used in the manufacture of ammonium nitrate, for making emulsion and basic explosives. Method of colouring ammonium nitrate for technological purposes lies in the fact, that granulation of molten ammonium nitrate is granulated in the presence of organic dyes, taken in the quantity 10-100 mg to 1 kg of the finished product. Dye is put into the molten ammonium nitrate directly before granulating into the composition of pore-forming agent or surfactant or in the form of an aqueous solution or suspension. Dyes which do not lose colour in molten ammonium nitrate at a temperature of 190°C are used as colouring agents. |
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Structure of fuel for manufacturing of explosives Structure of fuel for the explosive manufacturing, containing granulated carbamide impregnated with liquid mineral oil and covered with disperse combustible substances, the granulated expanded polystyrene and 0.1-13 % water solution of surface active agent is offered. |
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Method of wells loading with explosives on basis of granulated ammonia nitrate Method is suggested of loading well with explosives on the basis of granulated ammonia nitrate, which includes supply of explosive into well with simultaneous thermal treatment of explosive. Thermal treatment is carried out with sensitising additive with temperature of 50 - 80°C, which consists of spent gases of internal combustion engine and vapour and drops of oxidiser water solution and fuel. As oxidiser ammonia and/or sodium nitrate are used, and as fuel - carbamide and/or glycol, and/or hexamethylenetetramine. |
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Invention is related to explosives and may be used in explosive works that are performed with borehole charges in drilled cores. Composition of explosive that contains oxidiser and combustible additive is suggested. In capacity of oxidiser composition contains mixture of dense and porous granulated ammonia nitrate in proportion of 2:1 in the form of polydisperse structure or mixture of dense granulated and powdered ammonia nitrate in proportion of 5:1 in the form of polydisperse structure. In capacity of combustible additive composition contains mixture of liquid oil products and thermal power plant fly ash microspheres in proportion from 6:1 to 3:1. Invention provides high efficiency of explosive composition action at safe level of its sensitivity to mechanical effects. |
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Method of loading wells with explosive mixture Method of loading wells, according to which the explosive to be loaded into the well is treated with wet heat carrying agent at a temperature of 50-70°C until an explosive mixture is obtained with a humidity of 1.0-2.5%. Explosives on the base of porous granulated ammonia nitrate and containing liquid and/or solid fuel are used as an explosive. |
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Production line for cartridged emulsion-based explosives (ebe) (options) Group of inventions relates to the field of cartridged emulsion-based explosives. Two proposed options of a production line for cartridged emulsion-based explosive (EBE). According to option 1 the production line comprises a mixing chamber, an EBE ageing chamber and a cartridging chamber disposed in separate buildings of a common production facility. The EBE ageing chamber building is arranged between the mixing chamber building and the cartridging chamber building and separated from each of these building by an intermediate insulation chamber, the outer walls of which are the continuation to the walls of each of the building and of the common production facility. According to option 2 the production line comprises a mixing chamber, an EBE ageing chamber and a cartridging chamber disposed in a common production facility. The EBE ageing chamber is arranged between the mixing chamber and the cartridging chamber. The mixing chamber and the ageing chamber are disposed in one building. The cartridging chamber is disposed in another separate building. The buildings are separated by an intermediate insulation chamber, the outer walls of which are the continuation to the walls of each of the building and of the common production facility. |
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Emulsion phase with hyperstability Invention covers the method of generating the stable "water-in-oil" emulsion phase on basis of the polymeric emulsifier. The method includes generating solution of inorganic salt-oxidant in water and/or organic water-soluble liquids. The method includes generating the water-insoluble organic fuel which contains the homogenising supplement chosen of animal fats or fatty acids and taken as 3% of fuel phase mass. The method includes mixing the water-insoluble organic fuel and solution phase of inorganic salt-oxidant in presence of polymeric emulsifier with a shift sufficient to generate the emulsion phase. The concentration of salt-oxidant in emulsion is about 45 to 95% mass, and concentration of water and /or water-soluble organic liquids is about 3 to 30% mass. The homogenising of the emulsion phase is performed immediately or in a certain time, to increase its viscosity. |
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Emulsion blasting agent and production methods Group of inventions is related to emulsion blasting agents like "water in oil" to execute blasting with small size cartridges in ore mining industry, construction and seismic works. Emulsion blasting agent including sensitiser in the form of hollow disperse articles with sealed porosity and "water in oil" - type emulsion matrix stabilised with emulsifier is proposed as invention. Emulsion matrix contains oxidising phase in the form of water solution of ammonium and alkali nitrate diffused in hydrocarbon combustible phase. Water solution of ammonium and alkali nitrate is diffused in hydrocarbon combustible phase as globules sizing from 1 to 3 mcm no less than 80% and from 3 to 5 mcm no more than 10%, less 1 mcm - the rest globules to 100%. Hollow disperse articles with sealed porosity are no more than 75 mcm. Method of emulsion blasting agent production is also proposed. It covers preparation by heating of oxidising phase in the form of water solution of ammonium and alkali nitrate and mixture of hydrocarbon combustible phase and emulsifier. Oxidising phase and mixture of hydrocarbon combustible phase and emulsifier are then supplied to emulsion machine where they are emulsified and mixed as emulsion matrix with sensitiser. After that the compound is packed in cartridges. Emulsification time is 3-10 minutes at no less than 10 m/s of linear mixer speed. |
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Methods for preparing water-resistant ammonium nitrate for manufacturing explosives Invention is directed to creation of special types of starting material and its production technology for manufacturing explosives. Three variants of water-resistant ammonium nitrate preparation method are proposed. Method according to variant 1 comprises treatment of ammonium nitrate granules with mineral-organic emulsion consisting of (i) mineral phase, which contains iron alum and is obtained from ammonium nitrate, ferric sulfate solution, and sodium hydroxide solution; (ii) organic phase containing solid paraffin and natural stearin; and (iii) emulsion stabilizer, followed by drying and grinding. Method according to variant 2 comprises treatment of ammonium nitrate granules with iron alum solution obtained from ferric sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and sodium hydroxide and having pH 1.5 to 2.5, followed by drying, treatment of granules with organic waterproofing agent containing solid paraffin and natural stearin, subsequent drying and grinding. Method according to variant 3 comprises treatment of ammonium nitrate granules with mineral-organic mixture containing iron alum and obtained by mixing ammonium nitrate, ferric sulfate solution, sodium hydroxide solution, solid paraffin, and natural stearin followed by drying and grinding. |
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Porous granulated ammonium nitrate production process Invention relates to production of porous granulated ammonium nitrate suitable in production of explosives. According to first embodiment, process comprises preparing ammonium nitrate solution, adding conditioning agent, magnesium and/or calcium nitrates, to 1.8% on the weight of anhydrous product, concentration of product to state of melt, and adding pore-forming additive thereto followed by granulation. Pore-forming additive is aqueous solution containing ammonium nitrate (49-53%) and urea (22-28%) as base components and gas-generating additive (4-11%), in particular mixture of 22.22-31.82% ammonium carbamate, 33.33-50% ammonium formate, and 25.0-44.4% ammonium carbonate. Pore-forming additive is introduced in amount 0.075 to 0.5% at temperature 15-40°C. Processes according to embodiments 2-4 employ following two-component mixtures as gas-generating additive: ammonium carbamate/ammonium formate, ammonium carbamate/ammonium carbonate, and ammonium formate/ammonium carbonate, respectively, while concentration of gas-generating additive in Pore-forming additive is 5-14% (emb.2), 8-22% (emb.3), and 7-18% (emb.4). |
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Explosive charge (modifications) The explosive charge (modification 1) is made in the form of an embanked layer of explosive mixture with a height (Hl) of not less than the critical thickness of the layer of the explosive mixture on a solid surface and an area of contact of the explosive mixture with the crushing surface not exceeding 4Hl 2. The primary initiation agent is positioned in the centre of the embanked layer of the explosive mixture. The explosive mixture contains ground ammonium nitrate with the size of particles not exceeding 1.0 mm and the content of particles with a size up to 0.25 mm at least 20 mass percent, liquid fuel or a mixture of liquid fuel and powdered organic and/or metallic, and/or explosive fuel. The explosive charge (modification 2) includes an explosive and a blast initiator consisting of an intermediate detonator made in the form of an explosive mixture and a primary initiation agent installed inside it. The explosive charge (modification 3) includes an explosive and a blast initiation agent an intermediate detonator in the form of cartridge of an explosive mixture. |
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Method of production of the oxidative phase of the emulsion blasting explosives The invention is pertaining to the blasting explosives applied at the shooting operations in mining, and to the methods of their production. The invention presents the method of production of the oxidative phase of the emulsion blasting explosive, which includes the water solution of calcium and ammonium nitrates, in compliance to which they intermix the ammonium nitrate solution produced at the stage of conversion of the process of manufacture of the granulated ammonia saltpeter and the calcium nitrate solution received at the stage of filtration of the process of manufacture of the nitroammophos in the ratio of 50÷90/10÷50. The invention allows to decrease the power input and the labor input of the process of manufacture of the matrix emulsion of the emulsion blasting explosive and ensures the increase of its quality. |
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Method of manufacture of the cartridge-type emulsion explosive The invention is pertaining to production of the industrial explosives. The invention offered the method of manufacture of the cartridge-type emulsion explosive by preparation of the water solution of then oxidizer, preparation of the oil component and subsequent mixing of the water solution of the oxidizer, the oil component and the sensitizer representing the glass or polymeric microspheres or the perlite sand. The water solution of then oxidizer is being prepared at constant stirring by introduction of carbamide into the water heated up to 35-45°С and the following heating of the received solution up to 60-70°С, the gradual introduction in it of the metal nitrate, sodium nitrate or calcium nitrate, heating of the received solution up to 75-85°С, introduction of ammonium nitrate with the subsequent stirring of the received solution at 80-90°С. The oil component is prepared by feeding of the emulsifier into the heated up to 50-60°С industrial oil with the subsequent stirring and heating of the received mixture up to 73-78°С. The invention is aimed at the increased stability of the properties of the cartridge-type emulsion explosive, to reduce its sensitivity to the mechanical actions and to increase its sensitivity to the initiating impulse. |
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Method of production of the explosive charge The invention is pertaining to the elementary industrial blasting explosives used in mining at realization of the blasting operations. The invention presents the method of production of the explosive charge, which provides for mixing of the granulated ammonium nitrate with the liquid oil products and the crystallizing agent. At that the ammonium nitrate is preliminary ground up to the dimension of the beads of 1-1000 microns. As the crystallizing agent use supersaturated 30-80 % water solution of the niter or the mixture of the supersaturated 30-80 % water solution of the niter with the 10-20 % water solution of the salts of the alkali metals. The mixture of the granulated ammonium nitrate with the liquid oil products and the crystallizing agent is injected in the charging cavity in the thin consistency and keep it up to its solidification. The invention is aimed at simplification of the technology of creation of the dense charges of the elementary blasting explosives like the AC-DT, that allows to produce the industrial explosive charges without utilization of the containers for the long-term storage of the produced mixture at its maturing. |
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Composition of the granulated explosive material and the method of its preparation The group of inventions is pertaining to the field of the industrial explosive materials and presents the method of preparation of the granulated explosive material, in which first mix the emulsion and the granulated ammonium nitrate. The produced mixture is intermixed with the solid combustible additive till production of the homogeneous mass. As the emulsion use the reverse water-resistant emulsion for preparation of the poremit or emulsolite in the amount of 5-10 mass % from the composition of the granulated explosive material, and as the solid combustible additive use the powdery coal and the aluminum powder in the amount of 5-10 mass % from the composition of the granulated explosive material. The invention presents the granulated explosive material prepared by the given method. The purpose of the invention is production of the granulated explosive material with the stable explosive properties at storing. |
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Ammonium nitrate phase stabilization method Invention relates to preparation of ammonium nitrate with structure resistant to temperature changes and provides an ammonium nitrate phase stabilization method involving addition of organic stabilizer selected from group of nitrogen-containing heterocycles with imine and carbonyl groups, which stabilizer is added to ammonium nitrate in amounts ranging from 4 to 34 wt %. Thus obtained combination is mixed and resulting mixture is ground into powder or heated to 130-160°C at stirring and cooled. Ammonium nitrate obtained by this method is resistant to repetitive changes in temperature within a range from -50 to +100°C, which allows it to be utilized, in particular, in gas-generation compositions for inflators in automobile safety bags. |
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Water-containing blasting composition Invention relates to water-containing explosives based on gel-like matrix sensitized by powerful blasting compositions and aluminum. Invention provides water-containing blasting composition containing sensitizer, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, water? polyacrylamide, potassium bichromate, sodium thiosulfate, and monopotassium phosphate. As sensitizer, reusable hexogen and aluminum-based explosive removed from ammunition is used. Water-containing blasting composition may contain up to 40% grainy or crushed pyroxylin powder or crushed ballistite powder. |
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Composition of blasting mixtures and a method for preparation thereof Invention relates to blasting operations and can be used in blasting of rock massif in open-pit mines and mines. Invention provides composition of granulated explosive containing, in specified proportions, granulated ammonium nitrate, liquid or liquid and solid combustible additives, and, as inert material, crystalline sodium chloride oiled with liquid petroleum derivative in amount 0.5-2 % by weight. Invention also discloses a method for preparation of granulated explosive comprising preliminarily oiling crystalline sodium chloride with liquid petroleum derivative, mixing granulated ammonium nitrate with oiled crystalline sodium chloride and then with liquid or liquid and solid combustible additives. |
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Method of production of the sensitized emulsion explosive composition The invention presents the method of production of the sensitized emulsion explosive composition, which includes preparation at the mechanical agitation of the matrix emulsion in the form of the dispersion of the water solution of salts-oxidizers in the medium of the hydrocarbon fuel containing the emulsifying agent or the emulsifying composition, intermixing of the matrix emulsion with the granules of the ammonium nitrate and sensitization by saturation with the gas bubbles with the use of the chemical reactants - the gas-producing agents from the water solution of sodium nitrite or the mixture of the water solutions of sodium nitrite and formaldehyde. The sensitization by saturation with the gas bubbles exercise by treatment of the granules of ammonium nitrate with the chemical reactants - the gas-producing agents, and after intermixing of the matrix emulsion and the treated granules of the ammonium nitrate the mass is seasoned at the temperature from 10 up to 90°C. The invention ensures intensification of the sensitization process by the gaseous saturation of the emulsion blasting explosive made on the basis of the matrix emulsion and the granules of the ammonium nitrate, and also stabilization of operational properties of the emulsion blasting explosive. |
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Emulsion explosive composition and the method of its production The invention is pertaining to the field of development of the explosive compositions applied at the blasting operations in mining, including in the rocks and the ores containing sulfides. The offered emulsion explosive composition contains a dispersion of the water solution of ammonium nitrate and carbamidum or urotropine in the medium composed of the mixture of a hydrocarbon combustible, an emulsifying composition and a sensitizer. As the emulsifying composition it contains the compounds selected from among amino derivatives of the polyisobutylenesuccinic anhydrides, as the hydrocarbon fuel - the industrial oil or its mixture with petrolatum ointment in the ratio of 0.1ч 1.0, and as the sensitizer - the solid porous particles or the water solution of sodium nitrite, or its mixture with the solution of formaldehyde. The invention also offers the method of production of the given emulsion explosive composition. The invention allows to create the emulsion explosive composition with the high physical stability at a prolonged storage, including the storage at the subzero temperatures. |
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Emulsion explosive composition and the method of its production (versions) The invention is pertaining to the field of production of industrial blasting explosives, in particular, to the emulsion blasting explosive composition and the method of its production. The invention presents the emulsion blasting explosive (version 1) including a matrix emulsion from the dispersion of the water solution of salts-oxidizers - the mixture of the ammonium and sodium or calcium niters in the medium of the solution of the industrial oil and the emulsifying composition, the mixture the granulated porous or non-porous ammonium nitrate with a diesel fuel and the water solution of sodium nitrite as the sensitizing agent. The emulsifying composition contains the mixture of condensation products of polyisobutyleneamber anhydride with a triethanolamine or polyamine and ethers of fatty acids of osier oil or synthetic fatty acidsC11-16 with pentaerythritol in the ratio ensuring the development of synergetic effect. According to the version 2 in emulsion blasting explosive composition the matrix emulsion contains in the capacity of the salts-oxidizers only ammonium nitrate. The invention also offers the method of production of emulsion blasting explosive composition. The invention is intended for production of emulsion blasting explosive composition with the stable operational characteristics and the capability for gasification under action of the lower temperatures. |
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Mixed blasting composition (options) Invention relates to industrial blasting compositions for use in field development. Composition of invention (variant 1) contains ammonium nitrate and, as fuel, aqueous metal clathrate or combustible natural gas clathrate. Variant 2 of composition contains ammonium nitrate and thiourea-based combustible natural gas or methane clathrate. Variant 3 contains ammonium nitrate and urea-based combustible natural gas clathrate. Variant 4 contains ammonium nitrate and hydroquinone-based combustible natural gas or methane clathrate. Variant 5 of composition contains ammonium nitrate and melanophlogite mineral-based combustible natural gas or methane clathrate. Variant 6 of composition contains ammonium nitrate and combustible natural gas or methane encapsulated in microspheres. Variant 7 of composition contains ammonium nitrate saturated with combustible natural gas or methane. |
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Method for producing of explosive mixture at blasting site Method involves continuously preparing and pumping out explosive mixtures at blasting site and simultaneously filling wells adapted to be blasted. Method includes following steps: delivery of explosive components to preparing site, namely, non-explosive material or low-sensitive matrix material containing, in aqueous solution or in suspension, oxidizing salt, thickener and, optionally, inflammable material and/or sensitizer, and air bubble stabilizing material and, optionally, granulated inorganic oxidizer, and/or liquid inflammable material; mixing components in rotary-type mixing unit which is adapted for adjustable drawing of atmospheric air to produce explosive mixture with oxygen balance of from -10% to +10%. |
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Porous ammonium nitrate for production of blasting explosives and a method of its production The invention is pertaining to the field of making of special kinds of raw and processing methods of its production for making blasting explosives of a mix type. The invention offers a porous granulated ammonium nitrate for making the mix blasting explosives, which contains an additive modifying the space lattice of ammonium nitrate, the pores forming additives and the surface-active substance distributed on the bodies of the granules and also the conditioning seasoning additives on the surface of the granules. As the modifying additive it contains ferrous sulfite (III) and magnesium, calcium, potassium and sodium nitrates at the particular content of ions: Mg+2, Ca+2, Na+1, K+1, Fe+3, SO3 -2. And also the invention offers a method of production of the porous granulated ammonium nitrate. The technical result of the invention is production of the porous granulated ammonium nitrate with the developed homogeneous porosity space along the body and the surface of the granules, that allows to manufacture the stable explosive mixtures with the balanced contents of an oxidizing agent and a liquid oil product. |
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Method of preparing industrial explosive Preparation of industrial ammonium nitrate-based explosive comprises mixing and impregnation of ammonium nitrate granules with liquid fuel. Impregnation is effected in a continuous suspension phase while simultaneously destroying microstructure of ammonium nitrate crystals by affecting suspension with ultraviolet emission, after which fuel-loaded ammonium nitrate granules are pressed to remove excessive fuel. The latter operation can also be accompanied by simultaneous ultraviolet action on suspension. Resulting explosive is characterized by essentially uniform distribution of fuel throughout the oxidant. |
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Method for preparing porous granulated ammonium nitrate Invention relates to manufacturing explosive materials, namely, to manufacturing porous granulated ammonium nitrate used in manufacturing the simplest explosive substances and emulsion explosive substances. Invention proposes a method for preparing porous granulated ammonium nitrate involves preparing ammonium nitrate solution, addition of stabilizing additive consisting of magnesium and/or calcium nitrate to solution up to the concentration 2 wt.-% as measured for anhydrous product followed by evaporation of ammonium nitrate solution to obtain melt and addition pore-forming addition and disperser NS to it and the following granulation of product. Highly concentrated ammonium carbonate solution in ammonium nitrate is used as pore-forming additive in the amount 0.05-0.35 wt.-%, or mixture of carbamide with highly concentrated ammonium carbonate in ammonium nitrate in the amount 0.1-0.55 wt.-%. Pore-forming additive is mixed with disperser NS in melt or before their addition in melt. Invention provides the development of a method for preparing porous granulated ammonium nitrate of reduced caking and possibility for regulation of oil absorption and filled density. |
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Phlegmatizing cooling agent composition for burning away solid rocket fuel charges when destroying large-size channel charges in rocket engine bodies and other explosives and wastes thereof in containers. Composition contains following components, wt %: hydrolyzed polyacrylamide 0.8-8.0, potassium bichromate 0.05-3.0, sodium thiosulfate 0.02-1.2, sodium and/or potassium nitrate 0.1-70.0, ammonium nitrate 0.1-70.0, and water - the balance. Composition may further contain: supplementary cooling agent, e.g., oxalate salts or organic amides in amount 0.1-20%; cryogenic additive, e.g., diethylene glycol or ethylene glycol in amount 0.1-10%, and 0.1 to 30% of polyacrylamide gel. |
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Method of production of porous granulated ammonium nitrate The invention is pertaining to the field of chemical industry, in particular, to the methods of production of the inorganic substances used in production of explosives, namely, to production of porous granulated ammonium nitrate used in production of the elementary explosives and emulsion explosives. The offered method of production of the porous granular ammonium nitrate provides for production of a solution of ammonium nitrate, injection in the produced solution of ammonium nitrate in terms of CaO in the end product of 0.5-3 mass % of calcium nitrate in the form of 40-70 % water solution, evaporation of the ammonium nitrate solution with production of a fusion cake, injection of a powder-shaped additive and a UF dispersant with the a subsequent granulation of the fusion cake. In the capacity of pore-forming additives use a high concentration solution containing potassium carbonates and-or sodium carbonates, and-or ammonium carbonates in a ratio of carbonate salts in terms of CO2 in respect to H2 O, equal to (0.06-0.9) : 1, in amount of 0.01-0.045 mass % in terms of CO2 in the fusion cake. The invention is intended for development of a method of production of a porous granulated ammonium nitrate with a capability to control oil absorption and strength of granules, which is stabilized against undesirable modification transformations and possesses the heightened thermostability. |
Another patent 2513398.