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Method and device for skins and leathers tanning Invention relates to tanning industry and tanning agents. Proposed method comprises processing by tanning means including deglycosylated iridoids and/or deglycosylated secoiridoids apart from tanning means including genipine. |
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Solution of polyurethane-ureas and using thereof for application of coatings on substrates Invention relates to solution of polyurethane-ureas for application of coating on substrates. Claimed solution can be obtained as a result of interaction of (a) mixture of two bifunctional polyetherdioles, each of which has molecular weight between 500 and 5000, with molar ratio of both components in the mixture being chosen between 10:90 and 90:10, (b) 0.7-1.5 mol of mixture of two lowmolecular bifunctional alcohols with molecular weight from 32 to 500 per a mole of polyetherdiol, as co-called chain-elongating agents, with molar ratio of both components in the mixture being chosen between 10:90 and 90:10, (c) 0.08-0.33 mol of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic bifunctional amine with molecular weight from 28 to 500 per a mole of polyetherdiol, as so-called chain-elongating element, (d) 1.8-2.9 mol of aromatic diisocyanate per a mole of polyetherdiol, and dissolution of obtained polyurethane-ureas or obtaining them in (e) 40-85 wt % of solvent or mixture of solvents calculated per the total mixture from (a)-(e), consisting of linear or cyclic esters and ketones, with residual NCO-groups being, possible interacted with monofunctional chain terminator. Also described is application of thereof for application on substrates, in particular textile products. |
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Invention relates to tannery and can be used for production of leather from fish skin. Proposed method comprises processing by organic tanning agent over surfactant. The organic tanning agent represents a compound based on the products of condensation of propylene carbonate, formaldehyde and monoethanolamine and used in amount of 6.0-7.8 wt % of skin weight. Said surfactant represents a water-organic compound based on nonionic surfactants, organic solvent and auxiliary admixtures used in amount of 0.25-0.45 wt % of skin weight. Processing is performed for 6-8 hours. Note here that in two hours after tanning beginning micro talc is added to the solution in amount of 0.5-2.0 wt % of skin weight. |
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Method of producing mineral tanning agent Sulphate titanyl-containing and aluminium-containing salts and ammonium sulphate are mixed. The sulphate titanyl-containing salt used is crystalline titanyl sulphate and the sulphate aluminium-containing salt used is aluminium-ammonium alum or aluminium sulphate. The components are mixed in weight ratio of TiO2:Al2O3:(NH4)2SO4=1:0.02-0.1:1.7-2.5 and then reacted in solid-phase mechanical activation mode while supplying energy at a rate of 2-5 kW-h/kg of the mixture for 15-50 minutes to form a tanning agent. Before reacting the components, water can be added to the mixture in an amount of not more than 3.5 wt % with respect to the weight of the mixture. The disclosed method is characterised by a 5.5 times shorter duration on average and enables to reduce consumption of ammonium sulphate 1.75-2.25 times while avoiding use of sulphuric acid. The obtained composite tanning agent with content of the active titanium component of 17.6-22.7 wt % with respect to TiO2 has basicity of 40-43.6%. |
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Method of computer-aided footwear cutting Proposed method comprises fitting of leather on digitiser stage, digitisation of leather outline and defect sections, virtual lay-up of parts with allowance fro leather geometry and defects, transmission of IN/OUT instructions to blade drives and vibrating blade drive instructions and making the cutting jobs. Video sensor automatically performs levelling in thickness and bundling. Leather outline geometry, area and reference points in contact with locating points are defined. Obtained data is transmitted to central computer. At once, digital camera arranged nearby video sensor at coordinate device indentifies leather flaws and located them. Obtained data is also transmitted to central computer for it to relay instructions to industrial robot for distribution of parts among accumulation stackers. Working platforms have the drives to displace them on track composed of top and bottom runs. Top run extending rails are connected with lifting-and-lowering devices. |
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Method involves pickling a hide, tanning with a titanium-aluminium tanning agent with particle size not greater than 50 nm in the presence of cationic fat, alkanising the treating solution in two steps: first with magnesium oxide and then with a mixture of sodium formate and sodium bicarbonate, pressing, shaping, retanning with a chrome tanning agent in the presence of cationic fat, dyeing and oiling processes, drying and finishing by depositing a clear prime coat and a pigment finish based on aqueous dispersions of acrylic copolymers and a pigment concentrate containing a nanosize pigment. Tanning with a titanium-aluminium tanning agent is carried out for 1.5-2.0 hours, alkanisation of the treating solution with magnesium oxide is carried out for 30-40 minutes, with a mixture of sodium formate and sodium bicarbonate - for 20-30 minutes and retanning with a chrome tanning agent is carried out for 40-60 minutes. |
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Coating film contains: a layer of coloured coating formed from a mixture of a hard component (10% modulus is greater than 2.3 but not grater than 3.0) and a soft component (10% modulus is greater than 0.0 but not greater than 1.0) of a two-component polyurethane resin; and a top coating layer formed from a mixture of a middle component (resin with 10% modulus greater than 1.0 but not greater than 2.3) and a soft component (resin with 10% modulus greater than 0.0 but not greater than 1.0) of a two-component polyurethane resin. The coating film formed from a top coating layer maintains properties of the material, such as strength and wear resistance. |
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Method of processing sheepskin Method involves soaking, first and second defatting in aqueous solution of an anionic surfactant and a preparation containing an oxyethylated compound, polyvinyl alcohol and a saturated monoatomic C1-C3 alcohol in ratio of 60:20:20, respectively; pickling in the presence of the preparation in amount of 2.0-3.0 g/l; tanning-oiling is carried out in a treatment solution containing sodium chloride; the oiling agent and chrome tanning agent are used in amount of 1.0-1.4 g/l per content of chromium oxide, in which before adding the chrome tanning agent, aluminium hydroxochloride and sodium formate are further added in amount of 10.0-14.0 g/l and 2.0-3.0 g/l, respectively. First defatting is carried out with amount of the anionic surfactant and the preparation of 2.0-3.0 g/l each; second defatting is carried out with amount of the anionic surfactant and the preparation of 3.0-4.5 g/l and 1.0-1.5 g/l, respectively; aluminium hydroxochloride is added in two equal portions with an interval of 50-60 min; the chrome tanning agent is added 4.0-5.0 hours after adding sodium formate. |
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Method of obtaining collagen dissolution products In order to obtain quality collagen dissolution products, rawhide is treated with a solution in form of a lactic acid composition having titratable acidity of 250-300°T, concentration of lactic acid of at least 25-30 g/dm3 and medium active response of not more than 4.0. The process is carried out at temperature of 24±2°C, float ratio=1 and alternating mechanical action. Dissolution has duration of 11-13 days. At the end of dissolution, the samples are almost transparent, loose, swollen pieces of skin which easily break up under slight mechanical action. |
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Method of producing titanium tanning agent Titanium hydroxide containing 30-80% TiO2 is mixed with ammonium sulphate in weight ratio of 1:0.05-0.2 with respect to TiO2 and the obtained mixture is treated with sulphuric acid with concentration of 600-800 g/l H2SO4 with transfer of titanium into the solution. Ammonium sulphate is added to the titanium solution in weight ratio TiO2:(NH4)2SO4=1:3.5-5.5 to precipitate a double salt of ammonium and titanium sulphate. The precipitate is separated by filtering and washed with saturated ammonium sulphate solution with concentration of 400-450 g/l. The end product is obtained - a titanium tanning agent and a filtrate which contains ammonium sulphate which can be used when adding ammonium sulphate to the titanium solution. The method enables to obtain a titanium tanning agent from titanium hydroxide with high (94.7-97.6% TiO2) extraction of titanium and low content of iron impurities (0.01-0.025% Fe2O3). |
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Leather, obtained by (1) pretreatment before tanning, (2) tanning process, (3) a process using a re-tanning agent which is a synthetic tanning substance and a resin. The re-tanning agent is used for re-tanning with subsequent dyeing and treatment by emulsion oiling using an emulsion oiling agent and (4) subsequent treatment after re-tanning. |
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Method of hydrophobisation of leather and fur materials Method of hydrophobisation of leather and fur material, which includes its treatment, and the treatment is carried out by action on the leather and fur material by low-temperature plasma of high-frequency discharge at pressure in the working chamber of 39.9-53.2 Pa, ion energy of 70-95 eV, ion flux density of 0.3-0.4 A/m2 in the presence of hydrocarbon gas at a ratio of inert plasma-forming gas: hydrocarbon gas (50-60):(40-50) wt % for 600-1200 s. |
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Apparatus for soaking and ageing leather and fur semi-product Apparatus for soaking and ageing a leather and fur semi-product, having in the bottom part a filler device for depositing working compositions onto the return strand of a feed conveyor which is mounted over the filler device, a working member lying over the loaded strand of the feed conveyor and made in form of shafts with annular cavities which are arranged in checkered order for each previous shaft with respect to the next shaft, wherein in the top part of the apparatus there is an additional filler device for depositing working compositions onto the return strand of an additional feed conveyor and there is an additional working member over its loaded strand; the working member lying in the bottom part of the apparatus can move back and forth in the vertical plane perpendicular to the semi-product being processed through a crank; there is also an automatic device for removing the finished half-product lying at the end of the loaded strand of the feed conveyor lying in the bottom part. |
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Invention relates to leather processing industry. Proposed method comprises pickling leather, tanning by titanium-bearing tanning agent in the presence of cationic fat, alkalising processing solution by neutralising agent in the presence of amino compound, squeezing, planning and retaning. Note here that pickling and retaning are carried out at a time in the presence of nonionic surface active agent and acid protein-degrading enzyme at their amount of 0.1-0.2 wt % and 0.3-0.5 wt % of pelt. Note also that complex titanium aluminium tanning agent is used as titanium-bearing tanning agent at weight ratio of titanium dioxide and aluminium oxide of 1:(0.1-0.3) in amount of 1.6-1.8% of pelt. Note that in alkalising of processing solution, magnesium oxide is used as neutralising agent while ethanolamine borate is used as amino compound in amount of 0.3-0.5% and 0.1-0.2% of pelt weight. In retaning, chromium tanning agent is used in the presence of cationic fat in amount of 1.5-1.7% per chromium oxide and 0.5-0.6 % of planed semi-finished product with additional alkalisation. |
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Dust-removing device for plate materials Dust-removing device for plate materials is described; its main components are rigidly attached internal discharge chamber with longitudinal slot opening to the side of processed material, and external chamber with system of slots for dust-loaded air removal; at that, in its internal chamber there installed is movable breaker made in the form of cylinder with longitudinal grooves. |
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Method of processing natural leather with grain breaks Proposed method comprises subjecting natural leather to low-temperature plasma of high-frequency induction discharge for 30-120 seconds at discharge chamber pressure of 40-60 Pa at flow rate of plasma-forming argon of 0.04-0.08 g/s at current of 0.3-0.9 A. Then, it is subjected to low-temperature plasma of high-frequency induction discharge for 60-600 seconds at discharge chamber pressure of 13.3-26.6 Pa at flow rate of plasma-forming argon of 0.02-0.06 g/s at current of 0.3-0.7 A and voltage of 1.3-3.0 kV. |
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Method of treating leather material Method of treating leather material, which involves successive two-step soaking with a surfactant-based composition, liming, deliming, softening, pickling and tanning, wherein at the first soaking step, at the second soaking step, as well as at the liming step, the composition used contains surfactants in form of a product of condensation of float tar with triethanolamine, taken in molar ratio (0.8-1.2):1.0, sodium alkylbenzene sulphonate and neonol with average degree oxyethylation 12, water and isopropyl alcohol, also employs sodium carbonate, sodium sulphide and calcium hydroxide depending on the step. All components are taken in a defined ratio. |
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Proposed method comprises tanning, dyeing, oiling, drying, sorting semi-finished products into those with deep and shallow surface defects. Additionally, semi-finished products are processed laser liner radiation with wavelength of 1.064-1.075 mcm and power of 1.1-1.5 kW at processing speed of 8-10 m/min. After said additional processing, bottom composition is applied on semi-finished product with shallow defects that comprises, in wt %: 40%-water dispersion of methyl methacrylate copolymer, butyl acrylate, vinyl acetate and methacrylic acid at the ratio of 20:50:25:5, respectively 20-30, penetrator 5-7, and water of up to 100. Composition is applied on surface with deep defects that comprises the following components in wt %: pigment concentrator 7-9, 40%-water dispersion of butyl acrylate, acrylonitrile and methacrylic acid at the ratio of 70:25:5 respectively 35-45, wax emulsion 9-10, 10%-casein 7-8, mix of aminoparaffins containing 1-6 aminogroups and chlorinated paraffins at the ratio of 1:1-4-6, and water of up to 100. Obtained coatings are fixed by composition containing, in wt %: 40%-water dispersion of butyl acrylate and acrylonitrile copolymers at the ratio of 64:36 35-45, wax emulsion 3.5-4.5, 10%-casein 3,5-4,5, mix of aminoparaffins containing 1-6 aminogroups and chlorinated paraffins at the ratio of 1:1 3.5-4.5, and water of up to 100. |
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Method of processing sheepskins Proposed method comprises raw stock soaking, washing, shearing, fleshing, deoiling by water solution in the presence of anionic surfactant at 42°C, "ЖК" 7, pickling and tanning-oiling by water composition containing sodium chloride, chromium tanning agent and fat emulsion. Proposed composition comprises additionally the mix of nonionic surfactant and chloride alkyl dimethyl benzene ammonium at the ratio of 60-70:30-40 in amount of 0.5-1.0 g/l. Note here that processing is performed for 70-90 min. Composition for tanning-oiling comprises the mix of nonionic surfactant and isopropanol at the ratio of 90:10 in amount of 0.5-1.5 g/l while oiling agent ''Talis'' is used in amount of 4-5 g/l. |
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Proposed method comprises retanning half stuff by chrome tanning agent, neutralisation, rinsing, dyeing, stuffing, filling with water-soluble acrylic retanning by organic tanning agents, setting, drying and pickling by applying clear primer, first compaction, twofold application of finishing composition, first fixation of coating, second compaction and second fixation. Filling with acrylic polymer is performed after dyeing. retanning by organic tanning agents is performed prior to stuffing. After stuffing, half stuff is additionally filled for 20-30 min with 40%-water dispersion of copolymer of butadiene, acrylonitrile and methacrylic acid in the ratio of 50:45:5 at the flow rate of 3-4% of half stuff bulk. |
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Apparatus for soaking-ageing leather-fur semi-product, processed while realising capillary effect Apparatus for soaking-ageing a leather-fur semi-product has a housing, a base, a cylindrical vessel, a rubber membrane, a removable cover, a compressor installation, a flexible hose and a control valve. The removable cover is in form of a ring. Rubber belts are tied to the cover. The rubber membrane is attached to the cylindrical vessel. The semi-product is placed between the rubber membrane and the rubber belts. The control valve is installed on the flexible hose. The hose is configured for cyclo-dynamic feeding of compressed air into the cylindrical vessel. |
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Method for determining water content in leather fabric Method involves water intrusion and boiling of samples of leather fabric. During water intrusion the increase in thickness of leather fabric samples is determined by boiling. Leather fabric samples are measured during water intrusion by means of thickness gauge before boiling and after boiling. Thickness increase of samples is calculated in percents. If thickness of samples increases by more than 50%, leather fabric is subject to mechanical treatment, and namely to scouring. |
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Method to produce tanned half stuff from skin of all kinds of fresh-water fish Fish skin is soaked in solution containing sodium chloride and antiseptic agent at 18-20°C for 4.0-6.0 hours. Then, fish skin is degreased by 0.8-1.0%-solution of enzyme preparation Liporesin "ГЗх" for 1.5-2.0 h at 37-40°C and intermittent mixing. Then, degreased fish skin is treated by 0.3-0.6%-solution of enzyme preparation Protosubtiline "ГЗх" for 1.5-2.0 h at 37-40°C and intermittent mixing. Fish skin treated by Protosubtiline "ГЗх" is flooded by 0.3-0.6%-solution of enzyme preparation Collagenase and treated for 1.5-2.0 h at 37-40°C and intermittent mixing. After every said treatment, fish skin is carefully rinsed by cold running water to remove residues of enzyme ppreraiton. Scales are remove from skin to be fleshed and, then, pickled for 8-12 h at 18-20°C. Now, fish skin is tanned by willow bark broth for 12-20 h at 18-20°C, aromatised, dubbed and dried. |
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Method to protect fur materials against putrefactive microorganisms Method consists in fur treatment with acoustic (audible) sound of certain frequency in the range of 20-20000 Hz, its intensity varies in the range of 10-100 dB for the time of treatment in the range of 1-10 min. |
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Collagen containing composition Collagen containing composition consists of tanned collagen containing waste and products of solution of not tanned collagen. Additionally composition contains a surface active substance. As tanned collagen containing waste there is used tanning powder produced from waste of leather of chrome tannage of shoe industry. This waste is preliminary crumbled in air-dry state to size of fibres to 0.7-0.9 mm. The composition has the following ratio of components, wt %: tanning powder 12-15; products of collagen solution 1.5-2.5; SAS 0.02; water - the rest. The advantage of produced material is simple content of collagen containing composition including mainly collagen containing waste, which facilitates production of material similar to natural leather by chemical contents. |
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Method to dehair siberian stag antlers Method includes treatment of antlers with sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide solution at the specified ratio of components. Treatment is carried out for 1.0-1.5 hours with subsequent removal of hair cover. Then washing is carried out in running water for an hour and neutralisation with 2% solution of hydrochloric acid. |
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Method of unhairing pelts of rabbits using enzyme preparation protosubtilin g10h Method refers to unhairing pelts of rabbits with the enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10H and can be used in the leather industry. Rabbit pelts obtained by a mechanical removal in a slaughterhouse are cleaned from mechanical impurities, slits of connective and muscular tissue. Then they are treated with a solution of sodium sulfide at a concentration of 1% for 2 hours. The pelts are squeezed and treated with a solution of enzyme preparation Protosubtilin G10H at a concentration of 0.7-1%. The treatment is carried out at a temperature 37-40°C and pH of process fluid 7-7.5 for 4-5 hours with stirring. The pelts are then squeezed, hair is removed, skin and hair are washed with water and dried. |
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Method of processing and hardening skins of birds for production of fur out wear All materials used in tanning and hardening of skins of birds are used in the food industry. In this regard, the production is clean and safe. Hardening of the scrapings of birds skins tanned and further strengthening of their material from the tissue adhesive on the basis provides an opportunity for making and sewing finished fur products from virtually any species of birds. Method of tanning and hardening of skins of birds includes strict observance of processing operations pelts. The method includes shooting skins, then impregnation of pen cover is carried out with absorbent powder, degreasing and cleaning of skin by mechanical means with addition of absorbent mixtures. After these operations skins are washed in a solution of detergent powder and degreaser. Then skins are wringed in a centrifuge with subsequent drying inn the drum with use of medium powder drier, preservation of skins with pickle is made and fixing of skins with nails and preservation with acid-saline. As the absorbent powder mixture of sawdust and powder-dryer is used, as a powder-dryer starch is used. As the tannins in the skins harden tanning a decoction of oak bark is used. |
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Method of producing hydrophobic leather Method involves tanning a semi-finished product with a chrome tanning agent, neutralisation, washing, dyeing and tanning with organic tanning agents twice. The first tanning is carried out with a polymeric tanning agent, while the second is carried out with a mixture of synthetic and vegetable tanning agents. Hydrophobicising greasing, treatment with an organic acid and re-tanning with a chrome tanning agent are then carried out. Additional washing is carried out before neutralisation. Dyeing is carried out after the second tanning. Neutralisation, tanning twice and dyeing are carried out at water-to-goods ratio of 0.5-0.7. Hydrophobicising greasing is carried out in the presence of a 20% solution of the product of reacting amino alcohol with fatty acids of vegetable oils of the C12-C22 fraction and boric acid in molar ratio of 2:1:1 in mineral oil in amount of 0.5-1.5% of the weight of the semi-finished product. |
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Method of regenerating spent chrome tanning solutions Method involves separation of suspended and fatty substances. A solution heated to 50-70°C is mixed with hydrogen peroxide and held for 30-120 minutes until complete decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The mixture is mixed with a fresh tanning agent until achieving process concentration of chromium for tanning material and returning the solution for tanning. In order to separate suspended and fatty substances, silicic acid is added to the spent tanning solution in form of silicon dioxide (SiO2), with ratio of SiO2 to weight of suspended and fatty substances of the spent tanning solution equal to 1: 10-30.The solution is held for 5-15 minutes, after which the floating solid phase on which dissolved organic impurities are adsorbed is separated. Hydrogen peroxide is then added to the solution in dosages of 12-45% of the stoichiometric standard for complete mineralisation of organic impurities due to chemical consumption of oxygen of the solution. |
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Method of producing heat-resistant leather Method involves chrome tanning and post-tanning a semi-finished product through chrome tanning in the presence of a product of reaction of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and glycidylmethacrylate in molar ratio of 1:2 and consumption of the chrome tanning agent and reaction product of 3-4% and 2-3% of the weight of the semi-finished product respectively. Neutralisation and hydrophobisation with a polymer tanning agent are then carried out for 30-40 minutes with consumption of the tanning agent equal to 8-10% of the weight of the semi-finished product. After that dyeing is carried out in the presence of a synthetic tanning agent in amount of 3-4% of the weight of the semi-finished product. Post-tanning is carried out with a plant-material tanning agent and the semi-finished product is also treated for 20-30 minutes with a product of reacting hexamethylenediamine with phosphoric acid and urea in the presence of glycerin in molar ratio of 1:3:3:0.5 respectively, in amount of 3-4% of the weight of the semi-finished product and for 20-30 minutes with organic acid in amount of 0.5-1.0% of the weight of the semi-finished product. Further, the semi-finished product undergoes greasing and re-treated for 40-50 minutes with a product of reacting hexamethylenediamine with phosphoric acid and urea in the presence of glycerin in molar ratio of 1:3:3:0.5 and consumption of 7-8% of the weight of the semi-finished product, volume ratio of 0.8-1.0 and temperature of 20-22°C. Hydrophobisation with a polymer tanning agent, dyeing in the presence of a synthetic tanning agent, post-tanning with a plant-material tanning agent, further treatment with a product of reacting hexamethylenediamine with phoshoric acid and urea in the presence of glycerin in the said molar ratio and with organic acid is carried out in one bath. Separation and drying are carried out after all operations. |
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Oil, fat or polymer is applied on leather in amount of less that 20%, preferably, less than 15%, particularly preferably less than 10%, per leather weight. Then leather is treated by compressed air. Carbon dioxide is used as compressed air, treatment if carried out at pressure below 70 bar and temperature below 25°C. Leather is processed by compressed air unless leather weight is at least 1% smaller than its weight prior to applying oil, fat or polymer. |
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Proposed method comprises processing leather semi-product in tanning agent solvent with simultaneous transmission of ultrasound wave through tanning agent solution with leather semi-product. Note that prior to transmitting ultrasound waves, first, total thickness n of all leather semi-product and attenuation factor α at 1 MHz are measured, operating frequency of ultrasound is determined by the formula f=l/(α·n). Note here that electrodes are arranged along the edges of treatment bath to pass 2 to 4 A current through said electrodes. |
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Spreader for leather-fur semiproduct Proposed spreader consists of cylindrical base accommodating spreading elements diverging along screw lines in opposite directions from the base center. Modular base consists of outer driven shell and fixed insert with cut-out to make inner space communicated with air suction pipeline, while spreading elements represent the grooves made on shell surface and communicated with fixed inserts inner space. Grooves made on cylindrical base surface represent separate recesses communicated with aforesaid inner space via radial bores. |
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Method for dressing of leather semi-finished goods Method for dressing of leather semi-finished goods includes serial completion of preparatory and tanning processes, in which leather rawstock, especially from small breeds, for instance goat, prior to soaking process is exposed to low temperature unbalanced plasma of high frequency discharge for 420-600 seconds, with pressure of 30.1-39.9 Pa in discharge chamber, with flow of plasma-generating gas argon 0.06-0.08 g/sec, with current force at anode 0.5-0.8 A, with voltage of 3-5 kV at anode. |
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Method for pickling of fur stock Method includes treatment of fur stock with pickling solution, containing lactic acid and sodium chloride. Acid used is represented by combined whey with lactic acid concentration from 15 to 25 g/dm3. Process of pickling is done by dipping method with duration of 16 hr, fatty acids = 10, temperature of solution is 35°C, at periodical mechanical action. After treatment ageing is carried out. |
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Method of paste tanning-stuffing of fur skins After hide pickling, skins are sent to ageing. Then fur leather layer is processed by priming solution comprising chrome tanning agent with concentration of 9-18 g/l per chrome oxide. Skins are aged to effect main paste-tanning-stuffing and ageing. |
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Method for hydrophobisation of leather-fur semi-finished product Invention relates to technology of processing fur material and leather for giving the leather-fur semi-finished product water-repellant properties. The method for hydrophobisation of a leather-fur semi-finished product involves treatment with a fluorine-containing compound. The fluorine-containing compound used is 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-tridecafluoro-N-[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]-heptanamide in a solvent medium. The solvent is removed after treatment. The fluorine-containing compound is then fixed by ironing the hair coat of the semi-finished product or by treating the hair coat and/or leather material of the semi-finished product with hot air. The solvent used can be ethanol or supercritical carbon dioxide. If ethanol is used, treatment is done by dipping or spraying the surface of the hair coat and/or leather material of the semi-finished product with a solution of the water-repellent agent using a spray device. The leather-fur semi-finished product used is wool sheepskin. |
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Method relates to tanning hides and can be used in the leather industry. Animal hides are treated with a solution of chrome tanning agent with addition of an activating organic agent in form of aminocapronic acid at concentration of 8-12 g/l. |
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Modified leather for lining shoes Modified leather is meant for making internal components of shoes with good biocidal properties and relates to light industry. The modified leather includes a collagenic base with a multilayer structure, tanning, retan, oiling compounds and a biocidal additive, the later being in form of silver nanoparticles and alkyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride in ratio of 1-:-0-1.5 respectively. Content of silver nanoparticles is 7×10-5 - 6.4×10-3 wt %. |
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Method for formation and form fixation of fur product items (versions) Method is related to formation and form fixation of fur product items and to light industry, in particular to furriery, and may be also used to recover properties of fur products that have already been in operation. Method includes application of polymer compound onto fur skin, drying and giving proper shape to product. For application polymer compound is used, which contains plasticised polyvinyl acetate dispersion, as plasticiser - diamyl phthalate, and water. Versions of this method use the following substances as plasticiser - di(2-methoxyethyl)phthalate or tri(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate, or tri(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate. Product is dried after it has been properly shaped. |
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Hair coat bleaching composition Composition is meant for bleaching fur and can be used in fur production during oxidative bleaching of the fur pigment, as well as pre-coloured to obtain a "multi-colour" effect. The composition contains 30% hydrogen peroxide, potassium persulphate, target catalyst additives in form of a complex salt 3(NH4)2Mo4 4(MoO2 H2O) and carbopol - a polymer based on polyacrylic acid, and water. The composition has pH 7.5 - 8.0, and relative (kinetic) viscosity of 64-65. |
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Method to manufacture natural leather All layers of undercoat and finish paint are applied on leather subjected, prior to drum painting, to low-temperature non-equilibrium plasma of high-frequency discharge. Exposure is performed for 241 to 280 seconds in discharge chamber at 26.7 to 30.0 Pa, flow rate of plasma-forming argon making 0.041 to 0.06 g/s at discharge power of 0.7 to 2 kW. |
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Karakul semiproduct "caracultcha" industrial production method Invention relates to area of technology of cattle breeding products manufacturing and can be used in production of karakul sheep-breeding for production of large size "caracultcha" semiproduct. Method includes cutting of indumentum, cleaning, dry shearing of large size karakul in area 1200-1800 cm (performed mechanically by uniform reduction of hair length over ready-made skin till it makes 6.1-7 mm). Upper layer of newborn lamb normal karakul low grade skins indumentum is shortened till 6.1-7 mm till moire texture appears in lower skin layer. The method is environmentally friendly, doesn't pollute the environment and has no negative effect on human health. |
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Invention is related to tanning industry and concerns device for skin perforation. Skin perforator comprises rubberised feeding drums, electric drive of drums, electromagnet needle, screw, electric drive of screw, guides, feeding device. Electromagnet needle processes the stock in accordance with the specified contour by means of reverse of electric drive of rubberised feeding drums. |
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Proposed method comprises eliminating defects representing damages sports (3) in layers (2) formed by recesses in skin (1) with natural grain patter. These defects are eliminated as follows, i.e. water or slightly foamed plastic suspension is forced into aforesaid recesses, the said suspension containing ultimate solid particles. Then skin (1) is dried, surface (4) of the layer of grain pattern (2) is subjected to pressure and thermal treatment with the help of pressure roller at least 100°C. Note here that plastic mass is formed in aforesaid recesses that contains hollow tiny balloons (5) made up of solid particles to completely fill the said recesses (dwg. 1). |
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Device for dipping, ageing and drying of fur skins treated in "stocking'-like manner Proposed device comprises drying chambery communicating with pneumatic system and consisting of top and bottom sections arranged on the frame. Aforesaid sections have their open parts arranged in opposition. Heaters are arranged between housings of every section. Movable cover is arranged between sections for them to be sealed. Vessels intended for cyclic dynamic feed of compressed air into detachable pneumodynamic chambers are arranged on the cover to move from one section to another. Aforesaid pneumodynamic chambers are rigidly fitted onto sleeves arranged on the surface of every vessel. There are fans to uniformly circulate hot air inside every section that can be turned off after opening the sections. Aforesaid chambers represent petal-type nozzles consisting of tip outer threaded rings 16 with carving, outer 17 and inner 18 rings. Ring 21 with fasteners for lugs 22 and plates 23 are fastened, with the help of screws 19 and washers 20, onto every outer 17 or inner 18 ring of the nozzle, and on top outer ring 16. Four vertical plates 23 are arranged between ring pairs. Note here that plate 23 can move in ring 21 in every upper of ring pairs and in top outer threaded ring 16 of plate 23. Every lower ring 21 with fasteners lugs and plates is rigidly fixed with the help of pins 24. Four lugs 22 are arranged to move in ring pairs 21 via push-rods 28. Pneumodynamic chamber base accommodates platform 29 supporting aforesaid chamber to rule out sliding of treated fur skin 31. Collar 34 is tightened by the screw 35. Note that half nut 36 is attached to foresaid platform 29 for pneumodynamic chamber to be fastened to the device. Rubber gasket 39 is arranged between aforesaid half nut and platform. Rubber seal 40 is fitted into half nut 36 for tightness purposes. Bellow 41 is arranged inside afore described chamber for compressed air to be fed therein in cycles. Threaded plug 42 is fitted on one end of aforesaid bellows 41 for it to be jointed to top outer ring 16. Other end of bellows is arranged on nozzle of platform 29. |
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Press with expanded grip for leather industry Pressing machine with expanded grip is similar to that used in paper-making industry and intended for water removal from skins after tanning in leather industry. Press for the skin consists of a shoe with surfaces being, generally, equal to the radius of the opposite pressure roll. Endless tape moves on the shoe and is oiled with thin film of oil. Two endless felt tapes move between the tape and corresponding pressure roll. The above mentioned tapes represent a tool for skin displacement for dressing. The grip made up by pressure shoe is significantly longer than normal pressing grip. |
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Method of obtaining two-side spatial seamless canvas for leather and/or fur item Method of manufacturing two-side spatial seamless canvas for leather and/or fur product can be applied in furriery for manufacturing of various clothes articles, ornamental articles and textile small-ware. Method involves canvas formation by sequential interweaving of stripes. Leather and/or fur are cut into stripes joined lengthwise by any method, e.g. by sewing. Then 30-60 mm long and 25-40 mm broad ornamental elements are cut out of leather and/or fur. 2-4 slits are made in the ornamental elements at equal pace, leaving 10 mm to the edges. Ornamental elements are shaped in three dimensions by twisting the stripes between slits against the centre and fixating the twisted stripes by glue. Canvas is formed out of leather and/or fur stripes by interweaving the stripes as warp and weft, along with linking to spatial ornamental elements by threading the stripes through loops of ornamental elements in definite sequence to match pattern. The claimed method allows combining materials of different kinds, colours and textures, making two-side spatial seamless articles, separate inserts, appliques. By the use of furriery and waste pieces, possibilities of processing off-grade fur and leather material and cuttings of various shape and size. |
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Method of natural leather shoe upper processing after stretching and lasting operations Processing method for natural leather uppers after stretching and lasting operations involves high-frequency low-temperature unbalanced plasma effect in vacuum chamber with plasma generation air flow rate of 0.04-0.06 g/second for 180-280 seconds at 13-26 Pa pressure with discharge power of 0.7-2.0 kW. |
Another patent 2513535.