Method for heap leaching of gold from ores

IPC classes for russian patent Method for heap leaching of gold from ores (RU 2557024):

E21B43/28 - Dissolving minerals other than hydrocarbons, e.g. by an alkaline or acid leaching agent (E21B0043241000 takes precedence);;

Another patents in same IPC classes:

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Method for group lixiviation of metals from frozen rocks / 2249104

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Method for group lixiviation of metals from frozen rocks / 2249105

Method includes removal of soil from portion, meant for construction of stack of rocks for lixiviation of metals, forming of anti-filtering base, mounting equipment for draining productive solution, placing lixiviated rocks on prepared base and feeding reagents solutions into stack. In the stack vertical perforated polymer pipes are placed for feeding solution of working reagents and admixtures - concentrated solutions of easily soluble salts of alkali and other metals with low eutectics temperature, upper surface of stack of frozen rocks is made concave. Durable film is placed thereon or a wooden board platform for displacement of generator plant along these, then hot solution of working reagents and admixtures is fed onto stack, below film or platform, and stack is subjected to effect of UHF electromagnetic field by a generator plant, displaced along upper surface of stack by shuttle method for even heating thereof. Concurrently hot solution of working reagents and admixtures is gradually fed under pressure through vertical perforated polymer pipes with increase of amount of melted working zone and displacement of melting front downwards, until reaching stack base and finishing metals lixiviation from stack independently from current season of the year.

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Method and device for underground reservoir forming in rock salt / 2260116

Method involves mounting coaxial outer and central suspension pipe strings with installing central pipe string bottom at underground reservoir bottom; sealing well head; supplying solvent into underground reservoir to be formed through outer suspended pipe string and displacing the resultant brine to ground surface through central pipe string. Channel for brine movement to bottom of central pipe string is formed above insoluble rock deposit present in underground reservoir between lower ends of outer and central pipe strings. Before salt dissolving process shutdown or in the case of oversized insoluble rock ingress in central pipe string bottom solvent is supplied to underground reservoir through central pipe string and brine is displaced through outer one.

Leaching method for underground non-ferrous metal ore having in situ reducers / 2264535

Method involves forming injection and unloading excavations; launching ore in situ with the use of acid solutions and extracting metal from acid solution. Acidulation is performed by holding the solutions in formation and by reaching pH≥3.0 in seams, cracks and pores having maximal permeability in the presence of oxidizer. Productive solutions are removed under pH value equal to 1.5-2.5 and pH thereof is gradually increased to reach 3.0 and more by oxidizer introduction.

Method of underground metal heap leaching from permafrost rock / 2270915

Method involves drilling injection wells in alluvial deposit block and boring extraction well in center thereof to extract the production solutions; injecting working reagent solutions via the wells and extracting the production solutions; performing fracturing of central part of productive horizon by blasting thereof from extraction well in parallel to horizon borders; forming crushed zone and cracked zones in bottom rock in lower part of extraction well for production solution accumulation; supplying liquid explosive through extraction well into cavities and cracks formed by fracturing operation; initiating camouflet blasting in the cavities to break productive horizon rock; injecting hot working reagent solution through injection well into the productive horizon. The working reagent solution includes additives, namely easy solving alkali or other metal salts having low eutectic temperature not reacting with the working reagents and with possible intermediate products of reaction. The additives are mixed in amounts providing concentration near saturation.

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a technique of heap leaching of precious metals, for example gold, from ores, and can be used at development of deposits of refractory ores. A method for heap leaching of gold from ores involves ore crushing, formation of piles from crushed ore, leaching of gold by supplying a solution of a reagent to the pile till reduction of content of gold in productive solutions below a process limit, drilling of wells, arrangement of explosives in them, blast firing, additional leaching of mineral mass, collection of productive solutions with further extraction from productive solutions of gold. At well drilling, testing of the mineral mass is performed, as per the results of which outlines of colmatation zones with increased content of slurry and clay fractions are defined; concentrated alkali-cyanide leaching solutions are pumped under pressure to those zones through wells, thus performing diffusion leaching of gold by means of them. After a pause is held, explosive charges placed into ampoules filled with water are arranged in well parts located within the colmatation zones. Blasting of charges is performed, thus loosening the material with simultaneous blasting and injection treatment with a water-and-gas mixture formed at blasting of charges; after that, additional leaching of mineral mass is performed by sprinkling the whole pile with a weak alkali-cyanide solution.

EFFECT: improving leaching efficiency.

1 ex

The invention relates to the technology of heap leaching of precious metals such as gold, from ores and can be used for the development of fields of refractory ores.

The known method of heap leaching of gold and silver from ores alkaline or acidic solution containing complexing agents, cyanides of alkali metals, chlorides, sodium hypochlorite, etc. (see Heap and underground leaching of metals), Moscow: Nedra, 2007, vol. 1).

The known method of heap leaching of low extraction of valuable components due to the lower permeability of the mineral mass to the leach solutions with the gradual filling of the free space of the stack with the particles of clay minerals and slimes, as well as due to the effect of the resultant deposition on them formed during the leaching of complex anions of gold and silver.

The closest to the claimed is a method of leaching includes crushing the ore formation from crushed ore stockpiles, gold leaching by filing a reagent solution in a stack until the fall of gold content in productive solutions below technological limit, drilling, placing of explosives), blasting charges, doselectone mineral mass, a collection of productive solutions, followed by extraction of productive Rast�Directors of gold (see and.with. The USSR №1168701, EV 43/28, publ. 23.07.1985 G.).

The disadvantage of this method is the low recovery of gold and associated silver from him the upper zone of the contained mineral in the mass due to its low permeability to working solutions due to colmatation fine particles and clay minerals, as well as the destruction of complexing agents hot explosive gases.

The technical result of the proposed method is to increase the efficiency of leaching by increasing the permeability of the total volume of mineral mass for working solutions, the lack of degradation of the complexing agent of gold due to the exclusion of their direct contact with the hot explosive gases, reduction of the losses of gold because of its resultant deposition of mineral clays and slimes.

The result is achieved in that a method of heap leaching of gold from ore comprising grinding the ore, the formation of crushed ore stockpiles, gold leaching by filing a reagent solution in a stack until the fall of gold content in productive solutions below technological limit, drilling, placing of explosives, blasting charges, doselectone mineral mass, a collection of productive solutions, followed by extraction of productive solutions of gold, characterized in that is maintained by a�t during drilling testing of mineral mass, the results of which establish the contours of the zones of mud filling with a high content of sludge-clay fractions, is injected under pressure into these areas through wells concentrated alkaline cyanide leach solutions, carrying with them a diffusive leaching of gold, and after standing pause place an EXPLOSIVE charge placed in vials with water, in parts of wells located within the zones of colmatation, produce blasting charges, through the loosening of the material with simultaneous vzryvoemissionnym processing generated during the explosion of charges of water-gas mixture, and then produce doselectone mineral mass by irrigation of the whole pile of weak alkaline cyanide solution.

The method is as follows.

Produce backfilling crushed ore or derived therefrom agglomerated mineral mass in the stacks, mounted on their surface irrigation system and power through leaching of alkaline-cyanide solutions in mineral mass in circulation mode. When falling in the generated productive solutions of gold content in the second stage temporarily dismantled the irrigation system, pile drill and equip wells, which produce testing mineral mass, the results of which sets�shed the contours of regions with increased (from 20% in volume) content of sludge-clay fractions, is injected under pressure into these areas through wells concentrated alkaline cyanide solutions, with a concentration of sodium cyanide from 0.5% (by weight) is carried out with their help diffusive leaching, and after standing a pause lasting 2-5 days, are placed at the respective locations of wells ampoules with water, inside which is placed the EXPLOSIVE charge and the upper part of the borehole is filled with a tamping - fine fraction of the ore and carry out explosive loosening of the material in these zones with simultaneous vzryvoemissionnym processing the material of the water-gas mixture generated during the explosion of the EXPLOSIVE charge. With the explosion of charges of such construction, the water pressure generated explosive gases penetrates into the space between relatively large ings ore, increasing the distance between them and, consequently, weakening their connection with slurry-clay particles, allowing formed by mixing water and concentrated solution a working solution to carry out the leaching of gold. In addition, increases substantially formed and the temperature of the working solution, which is especially important when conducting the process in the autumn-winter and spring periods. After the explosive activation of mineral-reagent mixture in the zones colmatation again mounted the irrigation system and make irrigation of the entire stack Niskanen�risovannymi (0.02-0.2% by NaCN) alkaline cyanide solutions, in this case filings in leachable material get low concentration (0.03-0.3%) working solution leaching agents, which when interacting with the mineral mass of the stack provides doselectone a gold recovery from pregnant solutions in the sorbent to economically viable level.

An example of a specific use of the method.

Ore Savchenkova gold deposits are represented mainly mineralized rocks 2 major genetic types (egalitarianism metamorphic rocks and hydrothermally altered Intrusive rocks diorite high number (up to 20%) containing quartz-tonalite. The basis of productive mineral assemblage associated with the gold, make oxide-hydroxide minerals iron and manganese. The gold is mostly thin and small (from 1 to 60 microns), with a high probability of being in particulate form with cluster and atomic level scattering in the crystal lattices of oxide-hydroxide and sulfide minerals-carriers, in clay minerals (the latter probably being in the form of adsorbed ions). From the standpoint of applicability of the heap leaching technique in the processing of Savinsky ores there is the following set of problems, causing no�the degree of extraction of gold:

- the complexity of providing a full contact working solutions with fine particles and dispersed inclusions of gold, the diffusion of cyanide and oxygen to the surface of relatively large particles, often covered with their backs from oxides and hydroxides of iron and manganese, carbonaceous substance;

- high semiremote ores, causing clogging in certain areas of the stacks, even when using their advanced agglomeration;

- due to the presence in the ore of a significant amount of manganese dioxide-manganese dioxide, clay minerals and micas, is manifested parasitic sorption of dissolved gold;

oxides and hydroxides of manganese cause the oxidation of cyanide with their transfer to cyanate.

The proposed method for the conditions of ore processing Savchenkova field can be implemented as follows.

Ore after crushing is subjected to screening, and the small class (5 mm) aglomerated with cement and lime. Large class fits into the base of the stack on waterproof coating (clay-sand-clay-polymer film) and the lower layer is mounted a system of drainage pipes. On the surface of the stack mounted irrigation system, including hoses, electrical connections and ammeter, and power through them active alkaline-cyanide leaching rustboro� (concentration of cyanide 0.05%) in agglomerated mineral mass in circulation mode. The solutions from the storage sump analyzed for gold content and residual cyanide, and when the concentration of more than 1 mg/l are served in the sorption column, after which doreplace reagents and returned to irrigation. When the content of gold in productive solutions to less than 1 mg/l temporarily dismantled the irrigation system, pile drill and equip borehole, thus producing testing mineral mass, the results of which establish the position of the upper and lower boundaries of the zones with increased (from 20% by volume) content of sludge-clay fractions formed by filling the free space of lump faction moved from leach solutions with small particles destructible pellets from the top of the pile. Wells will be equipped with a locally perforated plastic pipe and serves them through a pump under pressure into shaped area colmatation concentrated (containing sodium cyanide 1%) active alkali cyanide leach solutions at the rate of 30 l of solution per ton of ore, carried out with their help diffusive leaching of gold, and after standing a pause lasting 3 days placed in wells (in the areas of colmatation) thin-walled (thickness 1.5 mm) vials with water (representing samozaparcia the ends of the plastic tube with water) with a diameter of 100 mm, inside which are placed the charges of emulsion EXPLOSIVES in plastic tubes with a diameter of 50 mm, and conduct explosive loosening of the material in these zones with simultaneous vzryvoemissionnym processing the material of the water-gas mixture. In conclusion, again mounted the irrigation system and make irrigation just stacks of low concentration (0.02% by NaCN) alkaline cyanide solutions to form in the stack is a working solution with a concentration of 0.05% and doselectone them gold, produced productive solutions are collected in drainage openings (grooves and sumps) at the base of the stack and is pumped by the pump into the adsorption columns filled with activated carbon, which when saturated is unloaded and sent to the desorption of gold. Obezzolochenny solutions doubleplay if necessary, cyanide and served for the next cycle of irrigation.

The ultimate recovery of gold from ores coal Savchenkova field simulation results in explosive cameras of this scheme is 80%.

Method of heap leaching of gold from ore comprising grinding the ore, the formation of crushed ore stockpiles, gold leaching by filing a reagent solution in a stack until the fall of gold content in productive solutions below technological limit, drilling, placement � them explosives blasting charges, doselectone mineral mass, a collection of productive solutions, followed by extraction of productive solutions of gold, characterized in that is carried out during drilling testing of mineral mass, the results of which establish the contours of the zones of mud filling with a high content of sludge-clay fractions, is injected under pressure into these areas through wells concentrated alkaline cyanide leach solutions, carrying with them a diffusive leaching of gold, and after standing pause place an EXPLOSIVE charge placed in vials with water, in parts of wells located within the zones of colmatation, produce blasting charges by loosening the material with simultaneous vzryvoemissionnym processing generated during the explosion of charges of water-gas mixture, and then produce doselectone mineral mass by irrigation of the whole pile of weak alkaline cyanide solution.