Method of prediction of meat productivity of broiler chickens

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method enables to predict the level of body weight gain of broiler chickens on biochemical indicators of blood. This goal is achieved by calculating the lipoprotein index (LPI) in standard units by the formula: $$LPI=\frac{NEFA\cdot Gl}{\left(ECS+TG+FL\right)\cdot Alb}\cdot 100,$$ where ECS is the concentration of esterified cholesterol, mmol/l; TG is triglyceride concentration, mmol/l; FL is concentration of phospholipids, mmol/l; Gl is globulin concentration, mmol/l; NEFA is the concentration of non-esterified fatty acids, mmol/l; Alb is the concentration of albumin in the serum; 100 is the normalising factor. It is determined that the value of the LPI index depends on the activity of protein and lipid metabolism, and determines the level of body weight gain of broiler chickens. The invention can be used for timely adjustment of feed rations, achievement of effective body weight gain and increase in profitability of the poultry farm.

EFFECT: development of method of predicting meat productivity of broiler chickens based on determining the ratio between the activity of the protein and lipid metabolism, which determines the rate of growth of poultry and the level of meat productivity.

1 tbl, 1 ex

The invention relates to the field of livestock, particularly poultry. This method allows to predict the level of growth in body weight of broiler chickens on biochemical parameters of blood.

There is a method of identifying dairy cows in the level of cortisol in the serum of heifers, 9 months old. Animals with the concentration of cortisol above 5,65 nmol/l, referred to vysokoprochnym. The advantage of this method is the possibility of forecasting future milk production of cows at an early age [1]. The disadvantages of the method: (a) is applicable only for cows; b) characterizes the dependence of the milk yield of cows from the synergistic effects of cortisol, but does not reflect its relationship with the metabolic rate.

Calculation of the ratio of nucleic acids and proteins in the epithelial cells identified using fluorescent microscopy analysis of hysteresis mucosa of the glandular stomach, allows you to assess the state of intracellular metabolism in birds when klebsiellae. The advantage of the method is characterized by the degree of changes of intracellular metabolism in the cells of the glandular stomach of birds when klebsiellae [2]. The disadvantages of the method: (a) designed for pathology; b) cannot be used for in vivo evaluation.

There is a method of assessing meat productivity of young big horn the cattle during lactation index of lipid metabolism, calculated based on the concentration of phospholipids, free cholesterol and free fatty acids. If the index 2.7-3.6V srvc.ed. animals referred to as high-yield [3]. The disadvantages of the method: (a) designed for young cattle; b) does not reflect the role of protein metabolism in growth of animals.

The closest analogue of the invention, selected as a prototype, is a method for predicting meat production in steers growth index, determined on the basis of concentrations of albumin, globulin and activity of aminotransferases. When the value of IL 0,78-0,86 average daily liveweight gain of animals will be more than 800 g, and a value index growth 1,12-1,27 - less than 800 g [4]. The advantage of the method allows to predict the vital meat productivity bulls. The disadvantages of the method: (a) designed for cattle; b) does not take into account the role of fat metabolism in growth of animals.

The aim of the invention is to develop a method for predicting meat productivity of broiler chickens based on determining the ratio between the activity of the protein and lipid metabolism, which determines the growth rate of poultry and meat productivity level.

This objective is achieved in that on the basis of concentrations neeterificirovannah fatty is the slot (nezhk), globulin (Gl), esterified cholesterol (EHS), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL) and albumin (Alb) in serum is calculated urine index (ABI) according to the formula:where

EHS - concentration of esterified cholesterol, mmol/l;

TG - concentration of triglycerides, mmol/l;

The fluorescence - concentration of phospholipids, mmol/l;

G1 - globulin concentration, g/l;

Nezhk - concentration neeterificirovannah fatty acids, mmol/l;

Alb - albumin concentration in serum, g/l;

100 - normalizing factor.

The index represents the ratio of work indicators, the level of which reflects the functional relationship between specific lipid and protein parameters (nezhk transported in the composition of lipoproteins, protein part of which is represented by albumin; cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids in the composition of lipoproteins with the prosthetic group in the form of globulin[5, 6, 7, 8]).

The physiological meaning of this index is determined by the fact that the dynamic needs of the body broiler birds cross in industrial conditions in the early stages (up to 7 days) postnatal ontogeny covered, mainly due to the lipids, and the later proteins, which is reflected not only at the level of the relevant indicators in the blood, but Hara is Tere their functional relationships, the ratio of the intensity of protein and lipid metabolism, growth rate. When the value of LPI 5,73-12,54 srvc.ed. (up to 7 days ontogeny) in the body of chickens predominant lipid metabolism that determines the level of absolute increases body mass only at the level of 35.0-65,0 g; with the increasing activity of protein metabolism will increase the value of the index to 39,61-49,65 srvc.ed. and accordingly, the absolute increments of body weight to 671,0-1834,0,

In the comparative analysis of the proposed solutions with the prototype, we can conclude that the claimed method for predicting meat productivity of broiler chickens can objectively assess the level of absolute increases of body weight of the chickens on the ratio between the activity of lipid and protein metabolism, because based on establishing the relationship between protein and lipid parameters and their participation in the processes of metabolism, growth and development. The higher the intensity of protein metabolism, the better the functional relationships of protein and lipid metabolites, more growth in body mass of the bird and above the urine index. As unknown other technical solutions based on the calculation of urine index, calculated by concentration neeterificirovannah fatty acids, esterified cholesterol, triglycerides, FD is polypides and globulins, albumin, the proposed method meets the criterion of "novelty."

The features that distinguish the proposed solution from the prototype:

1. The method is intended for broiler birds.

2. Not only evaluates the activity of the protein, and lipid metabolism.

3. Sets the ratio between the activity of lipid and protein exchanges, which determines the growth rate of broiler chickens.

Analysis of the known technical solutions in the field of poultry testifies to the absence of these signs, similar to the distinctive features in the claimed method. This allows to make a conclusion about its compliance with the criterion of "inventive step" as for the specialist it is not obvious from the prior art.

The example run. A method for predicting meat productivity of broiler chickens in urine index is tested on the basis of LLC "Chebarkul bird" of the Chelyabinsk region in 2010-2012, the Object of study were broiler chickens cross "ISA-15", of which in the Department of poultry with regard to cell content according to the principle of balanced groups were formed 4 experimental groups (n=10) depending on age: group I - 1-day-old Chicks; II - 7-daily; III - 23-daily and IV - 42-per diem. Feeding the birds was carried out in accordance with recommendations for the transformation as well with this cross [9].

Research material was the blood that was obtained by decapitate birds 1 and 7-day age and lifetime of the jugular vein, 23 and 42-day-old Chicks. Biochemical studies performed on the basis of the Central research laboratory of the South Ural state medical University and interdepartmental laboratory, Ural state Academy of veterinary medicine.

In the serum was determined neeterificirovannah fatty acids, esterified cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids by thin-layer chromatography on Silufol plates ("Kavalier, Czech Republic) [10, 11], albumin and globulin standard methods [12]. Based on the results of the study expected urine index by the formula:$$LP\mathrm{And}=\frac{NEWK}{\left(EX\mathrm{With\; a}+TG+FL\right)\cdot Alb}\cdot 100$$where LPI - urine index srvc.ed.; EHS, TG, PL, nezhk - concentration of esterified cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, neeterificirovannah fatty acids in the serum, mmol/l; Gl, Alb - concentration of globulin, albumin in serum, g/l; 100 - norms is liseuse factor.

Absolute weight gain (g) was calculated in the whole workshop cultivation in accordance with the age of the birds. The results of the study are presented in the table.

We found that the concentration of globulins and neeterificirovannah fatty acids was minimal in the early stages of ontogenesis (up to 7 days) of broiler birds in an industrial environment, and albumin, esterified cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids, on the contrary, the maximum. After 7 days the trend of changes in the values of the indicators have gained the opposite direction. Thus, the level Gl and nezhk increased, the Alb, EH, TG, PL declined

Dynamics in the serum of which expresses the relevance of these compounds in the processes of growth of broiler birds in an industrial environment. So, Gl and nezhk in the largest quantities are used as energy and structural material in the period up to 7 days of ontogenesis, generating cellular and tissue, respectively, of the organ systems of the growing organism. Since 23 days, active metabolism and growth performance of broiler chickens involved Alb, EHS, TG, which carry out transport and trophic (Alb), structural and energy (FL, OH, TG) functions, amid increasing discrete adipose tissue. Physiologically this is implemented in the form of, first, the active formation of bodies responsible for biosynthetic processes (liver, gastrointestinal tract), and secondly, in the growth of skeletal muscles, the development of the immune system and the whole body of the bird as a whole.

Regularities in the change of the concentration of Gl, Alb, nezhk, EHS, PL, TG formed the basis for the development of a biochemical test for the prediction of the meat productivity of broiler chickens, which characterizes the ratio between the intensity of protein and lipid metabolism in urine index. The higher the intensity of protein metabolism, the better the functional relationships of protein and lipid metabolites and therefore more absolute increase in the body mass of the bird, which is reflected in the increase in the value of urine index. The results of the RA is calculating the index showed when absolute weight gain of the birds in the range of 35.0-65.0 g (1 - and 7-day age) the value of the index is 5,73-12,54 srvc.ed. In the process of increasing body mass to 671,0-1834,0 g (23 and 42 days of age) is ABI grew up 39,61-49,65 srvc.ed.

The use of the proposed method for predicting meat productivity of broiler chickens will get effective gains weight, based on the control direction and speed of metabolism in the body of the bird that you can use for the timely adjustment of diets, highly informative examination, improve the profitability of poultry. The method can also be used in the breeding work for selection of birds with a high level of metabolism and therefore increased growth of body weight.

References

1. EN 2418409 C2, IPC AC 67/02 (2006.01), publ. 20.05.2011, bull. No. 14.

2. EN 2469296 C1 IPC G01N 21/64 (2006.01), publ. 10.12.2012, bull. No. 34.

3. EN 2463784 C1 IPC AC 67/00 (2006.01), publ. 20.10.2012, bull. No. 29.

4. EN 2360411 C1 IPC AC 67/02 (2006.01), publ. 10.07.2009, bull. No. 19.

5. Klimov, A. N. The blood plasma lipoproteins, their function and metabolism /A. N. Klimov // Biochemistry of lipids and their role in metabolism: collected scientific articles. Tr. / Answer. the editorship of academician S. E. Severin. - M.: Nauka, 1981. - S. 45-75.

6. Grewal, C. I. Changes in lipid and protein components of plasma membranes of the thymus at first kisna the oxidation of lipids /Century And. Drawal // Biochemistry. - 1991. - So 56. No. 9. - S. 1613-1619.

7. The Yerimbetov, K. T. Regulation of protein metabolism and nitrogen compounds in the body growing animals of different species /K. So the Yerimbetov, D. I. Sarieva, O. C. Alvinza// Agricultural biology. - 2005. No. 4. - S. 29-34.

8. Hajiahmadov,, the Change in protein synthesis and enzyme activity in endocrine organs of birds in ontogenesis /Year of Hajiahmadov// Biochemistry. - 1990. - So 55. No. 11. - S. 1984-1987.

9. Guide to growing broilers HUBBARD ISA: Hendrix Genetics Inc. (hubbardbreeders.com). - 2012. - 74 S.

10. Sharshenova, M. Thin-layer chromatography in pharmacy and clinical biochemistry /M Sharshenova, B. Schwartz, S. Mihalic; translated from Slovak A. P. Sergeeva and A. N. Ushakov/ Under. edit Century, Berezkina, S. D. Sokolov. - M.: Mir, 1980. - T. 1. - 296 S.

11. Stahl, E. Chromatography in thin layer / E. Stahl; Tr. M. I. Yanovsky, K. C. Chmutov. - M.: Mir, 1965. - 508 S.

12. Cold, C. M. Handbook of veterinary biochemistry / C. M. Cold, G. F. Ermolaev. - Minsk: Uraji, 1988. - 168 C.

ACT TEST

We, the undersigned, Kolesnik E. A., engineer-researcher at the GSI research Institute of Veterinary sanitation, hygiene and ecology of the Russian Academy of agricultural Sciences, Ural branch, Terho M. A., doctor of biological Sciences, Professor, head. KAF. organic, biological and physcolloidal chemistry FGBOU VPO "Ural state Academy of veterinary medicine", Bad the ova O. K., livestock separation plant growing broiler chickens LLC Chebarkul bird has tested a new method for predicting meat productivity of broiler chickens in urine index (ABI).

The method is based on calculation of the urine index, which reflects the ratio between the activity of lipid and protein metabolism in the body broiler birds, the level of which determines the magnitude of the absolute increases body mass.

When testing a predictor of meat productivity of broiler chickens on the basis of LLC "Chebarkul bird" of the Chelyabinsk region in 2010-2012 was performed experiment. In the shop of growing Chicks taking into account the cell contents on the principle of balanced groups were formed 4 experimental groups (n=10) depending on age: group I - 1-day-old Chicks; II - 7-daily; III - 23-daily and IV - 42-per diem. Feeding the birds was carried out in accordance with recommendations on this cross.

Research material was the blood that was obtained by decapitate birds 1 and 7-day age and lifetime of the jugular vein, 23 and 42-day-old Chicks. Biochemical studies performed on the basis of the Central research laboratory of the South Ural state medical University and escapedvalue laboratory, Ural state Academy of veterinary medicine.

In the serum was determined neeterificirovannah fatty acids, esterified cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids by thin-layer chromatography on Silufol plates ("Kavalier, Czech Republic), albumin and globulins conventional methods. Based on the results of the study expected urine index by the formula:$$LP\mathrm{And}=\frac{NEWK}{\left(EX\mathrm{With\; a}+TG+FL\right)\cdot Alb}\cdot 100$$where LPI - urine index srvc.ed.; EHS, TG, PL, nezhk - concentration of esterified cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, neeterificirovannah fatty acids in the serum, mmol/l; Gl, Alb - concentration of globulin, albumin in serum, g/l; 100 - normalizing factor.

Absolute weight gain (g) was calculated in the whole workshop cultivation in accordance with the age of the birds.

The table shows the dynamics of changes in the concentrations of albumin, globulin, esterified cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, neeterificirovannah fatty acids in the serum of chickens cross "ISA-15", and urine index and absolute increases body mass. We found that the concentration of Gl and nezhk minimum in the early stages of ontogenesis (up to 7 days) of broiler birds in an industrial environment, a Alb, EHS, TG and PL, on the contrary, the maximum. After 7 days the trend values acquired the opposite direction. Thus, the level of G1 and nezhk increased, the Alb, EH, TG, PL declined.

The value of urine index, cooperating in its composition, biochemical parameters, gradually increased during the growth of chickens in industrial conditions, reaching a peak on the 42nd day, and reflect the dynamics of the absolute growth of the body mass of the bird. Thus, the absolute increase of body weight of the chickens in the range of 35.0-65.0 g (1 - a-day age) corresponded to the value of the index 5,73-12,54 srvc.ed., and 671,0-1834,0 Mr. 39,61-49,65 srvc.ed. Therefore, when the value of LPI 13,0 srvc.ed. and less absolute increase of body weight is to 65.0 g, and a value of ABI 39,0 services.ed. and more absolute weight gain will level 671,0 g and above.

Thus, the use of the proposed method for predicting meat productivity of broiler chickens will allow you to control the direction and rate of metabolism during the growing period on meat that can be used for the timely adjustment of diets, highly informative examination, achieve effective growth of body weight and increase the profitability of poultry. The method can also be used in the breeding work for selection of birds with a high level of metabolism and therefore increased growth of body weight.

A method for predicting meat productivity of broiler chickens, which includes the determination of serum basic biochemical parameters of protein metabolism, characterized in that, in addition to albumin (Alb) and globulin (G1) determine the lipid metabolism: concentration neeterificirovannah fatty acids (nezhk), esterified cholesterol (EHS), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL); on the basis of the ratio between the activity of the protein and lipid metabolism is calculated urine indec is (ABI) according to the formula: $$(LP\mathrm{And}=\frac{NEWK\cdot Cl}{\left(EX\mathrm{With\; a}+TG+FL\right)\cdot Alb}\cdot 100)$$less absolute increase of body weight is to 65.0 g, and a value of ABI 39,0 services.ed. and more absolute weight gain will level 671,0 g and above.