Device for prevention of ice formation on water surface. RU patent 2520339.
 Method for river ice cover breaking and device for its implementation / 2519072Method for river ice cover breaking includes insertion of explosive gas mixture in elastic gas-tight shell under ice cover and subsequent initiation of explosion in this gas mixture. Using ballast weight the shell is imparted zero buoyancy, submerged to specified depth and released downstream upon which the ballast weight is removed at the predetermined place, and gas mixture explosion is initiated with delay sufficient to rise elastic shell to bottom edge of ice cover. Device for method implementation comprises elastic gas-tight shell filled with explosive gas mixture, ballast weight and gas mixture explosion initiator. Elastic gas-tight shell is made in the form of hollow toroid in the bottom part of which ballast weight is uniformly spaced along circumference. Herewith, the elastic shell is provided with mechanism for removing ballast weight. |
| Water reservoir aeration method / 2515681 Water reservoir aeration method involves making holes to allow atmospheric air to reach the water surface. The holes are made on an area with ice cover, which is then raised 5-20 cm from the water surface by pumping water from the water reservoir to the shores or discharging some of the water through a water discharge device. |
 Method of breaking ice cover / 2507104Invention relates to ship building, particularly, to air-cushion craft destructing the ice cover by resonance waves. Air-cushion craft is displaced in selected direction at preset speed and, at a time, in sinusoidal path. Note here that in displacement in sinusoidal path, the craft is tilted to centers of curvature of said path. |
 Method of breaking ice cover / 2506195Invention relates to ship building, particularly, to submarines destructing the ice cover by resonance flexural-gravity waves. Proposed method consists in excitation of resonance flexural-gravity waves in ice at submarine motion. Note here that, additionally, hydraulic impact is created by abrupt braking of submarine and local hydraulic drag is created at submarine aft at braking. Said local hydraulic drag is created by alternating opening and closing of vertical and horizontal aft rudders at frequency equal to that of excited waves. |
 Method of breaking ice cover / 2506194Invention relates to ice breaking. Proposed invention consists in the following: air-cushion vessel glides over ice cover to generate resonant flexural-and-gravitational waves (FGW). Note here that extra loads are applied to ice by hydraulic gun pre-mounted at said vessel to shoot water portions at frequency equal to that of resonant FGW to distance equal to 3/4 of FGW length from vessel location to cause the vessel sign-variable trim. |
| Method of ice breaking / 2495785 Invention relates to ice breaking with the help of, for example, ice-breakers. Proposed method consists in irradiating at least one selected ice surface and its minor mass nearby said area by high-power focused IR-radiation at preset angle immediately before mechanical ice-breaking. Power of said radiation is sufficient for fusing of ice surface to form thawed patches. Aforesaid area is selected as one of the most suitable for crack propagation after said mechanical ice-breaking with allowance for current pattern of crack propagation and/or accumulated statistic data on said pattern, and/or the map of ice defects. |
 Method to create ice hole in winter period / 2493321Method includes installation of a heat-insulating material onto water surface. Closed polyethylene terephthalate containers are used as a heat-insulating material, and the containers are partially filled with inert material with density that exceeds water density and mass providing for partial submersion of the containers. Inert material providing for partial submersion of containers is represented by sand or crushed stone or gravel. |
 Method of breaking ice cover / 2493044Invention relates to ice breaking. Proposed method proceeds from creation of hydraulic impact under ice and comprises connection of resilient chamber with positive buoyancy by rope to submarine. Note here that said chamber is accelerated. |
 Method and device for protection of marine structures / 2488659Structure of a marine installation comprises a body adapted for placement at least partially around the primary structure of the marine installation, at least one ledge installed around the outer surface of the body and having the first end designed for ice breaking. The support system placed on the body and adapted for insulation of the body from the primary structure so that the body may absorb at least some vibrations caused by icing. |
 Method of active struggle with iceberg danger and device to this end / 2484209Proposed method comprises detecting iceberg by observing the defined area of water, affecting the iceberg for its localization, changing the ice from solid phase into liquid phase. Said phase transition is triggered by forcing water jets to iceberg at 80-90°C. Water jets are fed by pipeline equipped with distribution pipeline with sprinklers to be descended from aircraft and located at iceberg top. Proposed device comprises active means consisting of helicopter, water intake tank, heater, outboard water intake pipeline and that to feed hot water to iceberg. Pipeline feed hot water to iceberg incorporates extra adapter composed of distribution pipelines with sprinklers. Water intake tank is composed of air-hydraulic tank. |
 Method for destruction of ice or soil cover / 2246693The method consists in placement of parachute systems with ammunition on the flight vehicle, their delivery to the preset point, release and blast of ammunition. Elongated flexible explosive charges with initiating devices with a preset delay time connected with one end to penetrators, and with the other end - to the parachutes, assembled in packing cases, are used as ammunition. After the release, the parachute systems turn the flexible explosive charges to the rectilinear position with the penetrators down, separate them from the parachute systems, and the initiating devices are systems, and the initiating devices are remotely cocked. |
 Method of breaking ice cover / 2249073Proposed method includes excitation of resonance flexural gravitational waves in ice and creation and change of aerodynamic lift force at frequency of resonance flexural gravitational waves. In the course of motion of ship, alternating aerodynamic lift force is created at frequency of resonance flexural gravitational waves by turning the horizontal plates to positive and negative angles of attack towards incoming flow of air. Plates are mounted on upper deck. Angles of attack are periodically changed at frequency of said waves. |
| Method of breaking ice cover / 2249074 Ice is broken when submarine ship has no way on by inclining her to maximum angle of list and imparting rotary motion relative to vertical axis coinciding with vertical main axis of inertia of ship and added mass of water formed during rotation of ship. |
| Method of breaking ice cover / 2249075 Proposed method is performed by means of hovercraft running at resonance speed. Ice cover is additionally acted on by radio radiation at frequency of 106 to 107 by means of generator which is mounted on extensible rod on board the ship. Temperature of ice is increased and its strength is decreased by operation of generator during performance of ice breaking work by resonance method. |
| Method of breaking ice cover / 2249076 Proposed method is performed with the aid of hovercraft running at resonance speed. Ice cover is additionally acted on by radio radiation at frequency of 109 to 1010 Hz by means of generator which is located on extensible rod on board the ship. Generator forms hydraulic impact under highest point of crest of flexural gravitational waves and amplitude of this wave is increased when hovercraft runs along edge of ice cover. |
 Method of braking ice cover / 2250178Proposed method is performed by means of submarine ship (2) running under ice (1) at resonance speed and exciting resonance flexural gravitational waves (3). After excitation of flexural gravitational waves (3) in ice (1), ship (2) is braked abruptly for forming hydraulic impact and at moment when first trough (7) of flexural gravitational wave (3) reaches midship section (8) of ship, as determined by means of shipboard echo sounder (9), ship makes fast dive forming rarefaction area (11) above upper portion of ship (2); horizontal component of speed is increased for retaining the resonance mode. |
 Ice jam breaker / 2250955Invention relates to ice breaking devices and it can be used for eliminating jam to prevent flooding at ice jams on rivers. Proposed ice jam breaker consists of tractor with bulldozer installed on telescopic rods in nose part of tractor. Lower edge of bulldozer is made to provide self-cutting of blade into ice under gravity at extension of rods or moving tractor forward, and self-release from ice when pulling rods back, moving tractor backwards or debacling of hummocked ice fields downstream. Telescopic rods are secured on tractor by means of ball joints, and on bulldozer, by means of cylindrical joints for setting them into motion in horizontal and vertical planes by means of hydraulic cylinders. Hermetically sealed container can be mounted on bulldozer to provide positive buoyancy of the latter. |
 Ice jam elimination method / 2250956Proposed method comes to breaking ice jam by vibration generated by wave generator of positive buoyancy inside which vibrator is installed. Wave generator is placed in ice jam close to its free edge. |
 Method for blasting and device for its realization / 2252393The invention concerns the method for blasting, according to which an elastic envelope is placed in a limited volume of space, filled with a combustible mixture of fuel gases and oxidant and blown up by a trinitrotoluene charge, in this case propane, butane, methane or a mixture of these fuel gases are used as fuel gas. |
 Ice jam liquidating device / 2255173Device comprises breaking anchor and rope. Breaking anchor has lower part to be opened in water after ice jam breaking. The lower part is connected to upper anchor part and provided with elastic sealed vessel with compressed gas cylinder arranged inside it. Sealed vessel with cylinder is connected to upper part of breaking anchor with rope and has negative floatability. Cylinder comprises valve to be opened in response to rope tightening. Upper end of breaking anchor is provided with limiting washer, which remains on ice surface after ice jam breaking with breaking anchor and providing anchor fixation inside ice jam. |
FIELD: construction.
SUBSTANCE: device includes vertical cylindrical housing 1 opened from above and having through slots 5 in lower part. An element generating water circulation is arranged in lower part of vertical cylindrical housing 1 and made in the form of a pair of electrodes - a cathode and an anode. The cathode is made in the form of metal bar 3 that is arranged inside housing 1 throughout its length coaxially at some distance from inner surface of the housing. The anode is located around the bar - the cathode and dielectrically isolated on inner surface of housing 1 in its lower part and somewhat above its through slots 5. The anode is made from electrically conducting material non-soluble in water. Pairs of electrodes are connected through electrical connections to direct current source 4, and electrical connection of the anode to it is arranged inside housing 1.
EFFECT: preventing ice formation on water surface near the structure; reducing corrosion rate and improving reliability of the device.
4 cl, 6 dwg
The invention relates to the field of operation of hydraulic structures, working in ice conditions, and is intended to prevent the icing of the underwater part of the structures in reservoirs.
One of the factors that reduce the reliability of offshore structures in ice conditions, is icing designs, resulting in damage to the surface and deformation structures in areas of impact of ice as a result of complex corrosion - mechanical effect of ice in the marine environment. Icing able to exert excessive influence on the design of offshore facilities located on the shelf of freezing and displaying these objects out of order, endangering the life and health of the person, to cause accidental pollution of the marine environment.
A device to prevent icing body that are afloat ship implemented in the same way, including a mechanism to create fluctuations, made in the form of two eccentric rotating in the vertical plane with the same speed but in opposite directions. The mechanism is located in the enclosure double-bottom space vessel (lighter). The drive mechanism receives energy from the shore or tug. When generating mechanism vertical oscillations with a frequency that is a multiple of the frequency of oscillations of the hull is washing the underwater part of the deeper, warmer water, which prevents the formation of ice on the enclosure (patent SU # 1244882 A1, published 10.02.2002,).
The disadvantage of known devices are limited declared the application (to prevent icing corps are afloat ship), in the presence of mechanical moving parts, the additional impact of vertical oscillations on the hull of the ship's hull, which adversely affected the reliability of its auxiliary mechanisms.
The closest decision taken as a prototype, is a device to prevent the formation of ice on the water surface, containing water pump venture type (United State Patent №4247261 published 27.01.1981), which when placed in the water column gives the warm water from the depths to the surface, maintaining the surface is free from ice. Known device contains a vertical cylindrical body, outdoor top and bottom through the slot. In case there is generating water circulation element in the form of water pump venture capital type, DIELEKTRIChESKIE in isolation coupled electrical connections AC power source.
The disadvantage of this device is insufficient focus its action on protected ice-construction, i.e. the inability to even remove ice from the surface of the structure within the water that can serve as an additional factor for the occurrence of mechanical and corrosion damage. In addition, the presence of the device rotating parts working in corrosive environment, which is sea water, not stable enough, limiting its resource.
Technical task, which directed the claimed invention - creation device devoid of these shortcomings, namely: prevention of ice formation on the surface water in the vicinity of structures, reduction of corrosion rate, higher reliability of the device.
The specified technical task is achieved by the fact that in the known device to prevent the formation of ice on the water surface, contains a vertical cylindrical body, outdoor top and having in the bottom part of a through slot, hosts generating the circulation of the water element, DIELEKTRIChESKIE in isolation coupled electrical connections with a source of electric current, in contrast to the claimed device generating water circulation element is installed in the bottom part of vertical cylindrical body and executed as a pair of electrodes, cathode and anode. At that, the cathode is made in the form of a metal rod, which is posted within this vertical cylindrical body along its length, coaxial with some distance from the inner top case. The anode is located around the terminal - cathode and DIELEKTRIChESKIE in isolation is installed on the inner surface of the hull in its bottom part and slightly higher through the slits. And the anode made of water-insoluble electrically conductive material, a pair of electrodes connected electrical connections with a source of a constant electric current and the electric connection of the anode is placed inside the chassis.
Technologically justified this configuration, when a core - cathode is the design element, in particular pile element waterworks.
Also technologically justified this configuration, when the anode made of platinized titanium.
It is advisable this configuration, in which a vertical cylindrical housing made of polymeric material, in particular of soft vinyl plastic.
The proposed set of distinctive and restrictive signs ensures a constant water circulation around the cathode, in particular structural element waterworks - piles, which allows to prevent icing and also provides additional protection for this item constructions against corrosion.
Anode made of platinized titanium, which prevents its rapid dissolution in the process of electrolysis, provides duration and does not contribute to pollution.
For the manufacture of vertical cylindrical body, it is advisable to use any polymeric elastic material, in the particular case this case is made of soft vinyl plastic.
The proposed device provides the clearing-icing-metal construction with application to electrodes of a constant electric current through the electrical connections. Under these conditions the water circulation in the vertical direction in the amount of the gap cylindrical body through its slot in the bottom part is created by extracting the gas bubbles formed in the electrolysis of water. Moreover, the absence of the declared device rotating parts contributes to its long-term operation, enhances reliability.
Thus, ensures the achievement of a technical problem - prevention icing hydraulic structures and additional protection against corrosion, higher reliability of the device.
The proposed device is illustrated by the following illustration.
Figure 1 shows the General view of the device.
Figure 2 presents the device in a vertical section.
Figure 3 - anode, section 2-2 figure 1
Figure 4 - through the slits in the device section 3-3 figure 1.
Figure 5 - the fixing of the anode, look at the section on 4-4, figure 3.
6 diagram vertical cylindrical body.
The claimed device is illustrated by the example of execution of the device to prevent icing pile components marine hydrotechnical constructions. The device contains a vertical, for example, plastic - soft sheet vinyl plastic cylindrical body 1, inside of which, in its lower part is fixed DIELEKTRIChESKIE in isolation anode 2 (electrode), made of water-insoluble material, for example, platinized titanium.
The cathode is a pile of metal core element 3 designs of waterworks (not shown), placed within the cylindrical body along its length coaxial at some distance from the inner top case. The electrodes are connected with a source of a constant electric current of 4. Housing is open at the top and in the lower part of the through slot 5, which is slightly higher anode 2. Fixing a cylindrical body (Fig.6) around the cathode (piles) created at the expense located radially at an angle of 120 degrees welded to the body of rectangular fixing elements 6, made in the form of inserts made of the same material. Anode 2 rigidly fixed radial lugs 7 of the same material (plastic) on the body that have the matching slots (not shown). Fastening of cylindrical anode to the plastic hull made through bolt (not shown).
Electrical connection anodes from platinized titanium with the current source 4 is executed through flexible Explorer 8 installed on the internal surface of the body 1 (figure 1).
The device is used as follows.
The element of hydraulic engineering structures, such as pile item 3 of the pier, is placed inside the cylindrical body 1, made of soft vinyl plastic, having in the bottom part of a through slot 5, and in the top - fixing elements 6, keep the body at a constant distance from the pile element. The body performing the split in the vertical plane with thimbles on the place of articulation (not shown), which provides its installation. On the inside of the hull above the cross-cutting slots 5 fix insoluble anode, which connect the flexible electrical conduit with the positive pole of the constant-current source,
The second electrode - cathode is piling element, which is also connected to the power source. The imposition of a current of a certain density (1% to 20 a/m) is the electrolysis of water and creates the effect of gas emitted gas bubbles capture the warm water and feed it to the surface of the pile, preventing her icing.
In order to maintain the device in good technical condition, you can spend it to dismantle that is fast and easy.
1. The device to prevent the formation of ice on the water surface, contains a vertical cylindrical body, outdoor top and having in the bottom part of a through slot, hosts generating the circulation of the water element, DIELEKTRIChESKIE in isolation coupled electrical connections with a source of electric current, wherein generating water circulation item is placed in the lower part of the vertical cylindrical body and executed as a pair of electrodes, cathode and anode, and the cathode is made in the form of a metal rod, which is posted within this vertical cylindrical body along its length coaxial with some distance from the inner surface of the body and anode is located around the terminal - cathode and DIELEKTRIChESKIE in isolation is installed on the inner surface of the hull in its bottom part and slightly higher through the slits, and the anode made of water-insoluble electrically conductive material, a pair of electrodes connected electrical connections with a source of a constant electric current and electric communication with him anode is placed inside the chassis.
2. The device to prevent the formation of ice on the water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the rod - cathode is piling element of hydraulic structures.
3. The device to prevent the formation of ice on the water surface according to claim 1, wherein the anode made of platinized titanium.
4. The device to prevent the formation of ice on the water surface according to claim 1, wherein the vertical cylindrical housing made of polymeric material, in particular of soft vinyl plastic.