Composition of fertiliser containing micronutrients, and method of its production. RU patent 2520337.

IPC classes for russian patent Composition of fertiliser containing micronutrients, and method of its production. RU patent 2520337. (RU 2520337):

C05G5/00 - Fertilisers characterised by their form (granulating fertilisers characterised by their chemical constitution, see the relevant groups in C05B-C05G)

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Composition of fertiliser containing micronutrients, and method of its production / 2520337
Fertiliser composition contains a granule of the base fertiliser; a barrier coating covering at least a part of the outer surface of the granule of the base fertiliser, where the barrier coating is a material that is unreactive with respect to the base fertiliser and one or more micronutrients, and comprises a material selected from the group comprising urea, langbeinite, ammonium sulphate, potassium sulphate, magnesium sulphate, calcium sulphate, elemental sulphur, silicates, corresponding hydrates and their combinations; and one or more micronutrients covering at least a part of the barrier coating, such that one or more micronutrients are insulated from the granule of the base fertiliser.

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: fertiliser composition contains a granule of the base fertiliser; a barrier coating covering at least a part of the outer surface of the granule of the base fertiliser, where the barrier coating is a material that is unreactive with respect to the base fertiliser and one or more micronutrients, and comprises a material selected from the group comprising urea, langbeinite, ammonium sulphate, potassium sulphate, magnesium sulphate, calcium sulphate, elemental sulphur, silicates, corresponding hydrates and their combinations; and one or more micronutrients covering at least a part of the barrier coating, such that one or more micronutrients are insulated from the granule of the base fertiliser.

EFFECT: invention enables to obtain the fertiliser that maximises the introduction of micronutrient in the soil solution and, ultimately, to the root zone of the plants.

19 cl, 4 dwg, 4 ex

Related applications

This application claims the priority of the provisional application to the U.S. patent № 61/309894 from 3 March 2010 and a preliminary application to the U.S. patent № 61/311011 on March 5, 2010, each of which is reproduced here in its entirety by reference.

The technical field to which the invention relates

The present invention relates to the composition of fertilizers and, more specifically, to the composition of fertilizers containing micronutrients for the subsequent introduction into the solution of the soil and ultimately into the root zone of plants.

The background to the invention

In addition to the primary nutrient elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potash, micro-nutrients and secondary nutrients are elements that are essential for plant growth, but are required in much smaller quantities than the primary nutrients. Secondary nutrients may include, for example, calcium (Ca), sulfur (S) and magnesium (Mg). Micronutrients may include, for example, boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), chlorine (Cl), cobalt (Co), sodium (Na) and their combinations.

Sources of micronutrients vary greatly according to their condition, chemical reactivity, pricing, and availability for the plants. Four main classes of sources of micronutrients include: (1) inorganic products such as oxides, carbonates and metal salts such as sulphates, chlorides and nitrates; (2) synthetic chelating formed when combining chelating agent with metal by means of coordination bonds; (3) natural organic complexes, including lignosulfonates, olivewood and phenols, obtained by interaction of metal salts with some organic by-products industry pulp or related industries; and (4) of Frits or ritterband vitreous products containing concentration micronutrient from approximately 2%to 25%.

The most known method of application of micronutrients for crop is introduced into the soil. Recommended degree you make are usually less than 10 pounds/acre (1 kg/m 2 ) on the element basis, so even making sources of micronutrients separately in the field can be difficult. Introduction of micronutrients with mixed fertilizers is a convenient way of making and provides a more uniform distribution of traditional equipment are made. Costs also decrease with the exception of certain stages of introduction. Four ways to make micronutrient with mixed fertilizers may include the introduction in the production process, surround mixing with granulated fertilizers application in the form of a coating on granulated fertilizers and mixing with liquid fertilizers.

Introduction in the production process is the introduction of one or more micronutrients directly into pellets, fertilizers such as NPK, or phosphate fertilizer, when they succeed. This practice allows each granule phosphate fertilizers to be agreed concentration desired micronutrient (micronutrients) and even distribution for all of granular fertilizers. Because phosphate granules are evenly distributed on the area of cultivation, the content of micronutrient (micronutrients) is also good. However, because the source of micronutrient is in contact with components of mixed fertilizers in conditions of high temperature and humidity in the manufacturing process, the speed of chemical reactions with phosphates increases, which could reduce the availability to the plants of some micronutrients, as nutritional trace (trace elements) remains in phosphate grains.

Volumetric mixing with granulated fertilizers is the practice of volumetric mixing separate granular mixtures of micronutrients with granulated phosphate fertilizers and granulated potash fertilizers. The main advantage of this practice is that can be derived varieties, fertilizers, which provides a recommended degree of inclusion of micronutrients for this field in the normal levels of fertilizer application. The main drawback is the segregation of micronutrients, which may occur in the process of mixing and during subsequent processing. In order to reduce and prevent dimensional segregation during processing and transportation, granules of micronutrients should be close to the same size as phosphate and potash granules. Since micronutrients are needed in very small amounts for power plants, this practice results in granules evenly distributed micronutrients and are usually too far away from the majority of the plants, to have direct gains, as most migrate in soil solution only a few millimeters during the whole growing season.

The coating on granular fertilizer reduces the possibility of segregation. However, some binders are poor because they do not keep coverage of micronutrients in the process of calibration bags, storage and circulation, which gives segregation sources of micronutrients from components of granulated fertilizers. Run-stage reduction of the problem of segregation in the case of nutrient secondary elements and micronutrients, such as in the case of sulfur or sulfuric records in terms of fertilizers, as described in U.S. patent number 6544313 entitled "Sulfur-containing composition of the fertilizer and a way of its reception", and in the case of micronutrients, as described in U.S. patent number 7497891, entitled "Method of production of nutrient fertilizer with microelements", both of which are as a reference in its entirety.

Like the introduction of micronutrients in the manufacturing process described above, the source of micronutrient is in contact with components of fertilizers in the product coated, and components can undergo chemical reactions with phosphates, therefore reducing the availability to the plants of some micronutrients, as nutritional trace (trace elements) remains in phosphate grains.

Still a need for product fertilizer that contains one or more micronutrients, which maximizes the introduction of micronutrient (elements) in the soil solution and ultimately into the root zone of plants.

Short description of the invention

The variants of the invention is directed on introduction of the desired micronutrient (elements) in granular formulations of fertilizers for the subsequent introduction of micronutrients in the soil solution and ultimately into the root zone of plants. The floor on top of the basic fertilizer is used as a barrier coatings or separator to prevent or reduce chemical/physical interaction between micronutrient (micronutrients) and basic fertilizer.

In one embodiment, the invention material barrier coatings is in a liquid or molten state. One or more micronutrients then entered into the melt material barrier coatings. Material barrier coatings applied by spraying on the appropriate pellet fertilizers, such as ammonification, calcium phosphate, or califofnia fertilizer. Particles micronutrient held a material barrier coatings separated from chemical or physical interaction with the underlying material fertilizers.

In another embodiment of the invention concerned pellet fertilizers, such as ammonification, calcium phosphate, or califofnia fertilizer, covered by traditional means, such as spraying, material barrier coatings. One or more micronutrients are entered then either continuous or discrete floor around granules fertilizers with barrier coating, so that the particles micronutrient chemically and physically separated or isolated from the underlying material fertilizers.

The above brief description of the invention is not intended to describe each shows each option or implementation of the present invention. A detailed description that follows is more specifically describes these options.

Brief description of drawings

In Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the pellet fertilizers containing micronutrients according to one variant of the invention;

in Fig. 2 schematically shows the pellet fertilizers containing micronutrients according to other variant of the invention;

in Fig. 3 presents a chart that compares the dissolution of micronutrients in time for different materials barrier coatings;

figure 4 shows a graph that shows the effect of water solubility consumption zinc plant.

Detailed description of the invention

According to one variant of the invention, shown in figure 1, pellet 100 fertilizers containing micronutrients may contain the core part 102 fertilizers, material 104 barrier coatings, covered or otherwise caused, at least partially on top of part of 102 fertilizers, and floor 106 micronutrient containing one or more micronutrients, covering at least part of the material 104 barrier coatings.

In this case the material 104 barrier coatings can be liquid, solid or molten form and may be napile, protected by a coating or caused to any of a number of appropriate technologies coating with forming a continuous or discrete coverage over 102 part fertilizers. One private version of the material barrier coating is combined with water with the formation of a suspension which is deposited on the fertilizer granules in the granulator. The granules are then dried. Granules with barrier coating then cover appropriate micronutrient, such as the complex of micronutrients, such as ZnSO 4 ·H 2 O, and any of a number of appropriate technologies of coating, such as coating.

Optional hot polymeric coating (with its subsequent cooling) can be applied for pellets with barrier coating before applying micronutrient with the creation of a sticky surface to adgezivna micronutrients to the granules and, in addition, to improve water solubility of micronutrients. Such polymers can contain, for example, polyethylenimine (PAYS).

According to alternative variant of the invention, shown in figure 2, pellet 200 fertilizers containing micronutrients may contain the core part 202 fertilizers, material 204 barrier coatings, covered or otherwise caused, at least partially on top of a portion 202 fertilizers, and one or more micronutrients 206, dispersed in the material 204 barrier coatings.

Part 102, 202 fertilizers can contain any appropriate fertilizer, such as, for example, nitrate, urea, Potosi, phosphate fertilizers, such as phosphate ((LFA)(MAP)), DAP ((DAP)(DAP), single superphosphate, triple superphosphate, califorina, calciopoli and their combinations.

Material 104, 204 barrier coatings can contain one or more materials that isolate nutritional trace (trace elements) from the composition of the fertilizer with a reduction or exclusion of chemical reactions and/or other interactions between micronutrient (micronutrients) and underlying composition of the fertilizer. For example, if the underlying composition of the fertilizer is phosphate, material 104 barrier coatings can contain urea, langbeinite (otherwise known as K-Mag or K 2 2 Mg (SO 4 ) 3 ), ammonium sulfate ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ), potassium sulfate (K 2 SO 4 ), magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ), calcium sulfate (CaSO4 ), (S), silicates, their respective hydrate (salt with associated water of hydration [*the xH 2 O]) and their combinations.

Micronutrients 106, 206 can contain boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), chlorine (Cl), cobalt (Co), sodium (Na), Nickel (Ni), selenium (Se) and their combinations. Micronutrients 106, 206 can be in the form of discrete particles or plates and can be optionally entered in the PAYS matrix.

In the following examples private variants of the invention. Equipment used to produce each of the examples is the Cup pellet diameter four feet (1.2 m) (layer width 13 inches (33 cm) with a depth of 5 inches (12.7 cm), equipped with variable frequency drive (VFD) and installed vertically. The drum is not speed; he has only sliding rods to maintain motion layer.

Materials of examples receive periodic way loading first granulated without covering the LFA with the subsequent introduction of a relevant barrier material with uniform coating of the LFA-particles. Then within a specified coated granules enter the appropriate nutritional trace (trace elements), together with a polymer that acts with improved water solubility of micronutrients.

Example 1

Urea barrier coating

Uncovered LFA cover molten urea (approximately 10%) and leave to cool. On coated pellets are applied by spraying hot PAYS and then coated with zinc in the form ZnSO 4 * the H 2 O or copper in the form CuSO 4 * the 5H 2 o Then get complex spray a small amount (approximately 0.25%) acidified water (pH, increased to approximately 2). Talc (approximately 1%) to introduce to get free flowing granules.

Example 2

K-Mag (K

2 Mg 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ) floor

Uncovered LFA cover powder K-Mag, mixed with half of its mass dilute solution of calcium lignosulphonate (CLS) (diluted to 70/30 wt/wt. CLS/H 2 O c CLS containing 58% of dry matter). Suspension evenly sprayed over the rotating layer LFA-pellets and dry to dry. On coated pellets are applied by spraying hot PAYS (99%) and then coated with zinc in the form ZnSO 4 * the H 2 o to Then receive the number of spray a small amount (approximately 0.25%) acidified water (pH, increased to approximately 2 citric acid). Coated pellets are then dried in the air. Talc (approximately 1%) to introduce to get free flowing granules.

Example 3

Coverage of ammonium sulfate ((NH

4 ) 2 SO 4 )

Uncovered LFA cover powder ammonium sulfate, mixed with equal weight dilute solution of calcium lignosulphonate (CLS) (diluted to 70/30 wt/wt. CLS/H 2 O c CLS containing 58% of dry substance) with the formation of a fluid suspension. Suspension evenly sprayed over the rotating layer LFA-pellets and dry to dry. On coated pellets are applied by spraying hot PAYS (99%) and then coated with zinc in the form ZnSO 4 * the H 2 o Then get complex spray a small amount (approximately 0.25%) acidified water (pH, increased to approximately 2 citric acid). Coated pellets are then dried in the air. Talc (approximately 1%) to introduce to get free flowing granules.

Example 4

Floor sulfate potassium (K

2 SO 4 )

Uncovered LFA cover potassium sulfate powder, mixed with half of its mass dilute solution of calcium lignosulphonate (CLS) (diluted to 70/30 wt/wt. CLS/H 2 O c CLS containing 58% of dry substance) with the formation of a fluid suspension. Suspension evenly sprayed over the rotating layer LFA-pellets and dry to dry. On coated pellets are applied by spraying hot PAYS (99%) and then coated with zinc in the form ZnSO 4 * the H 2 o Then get complex spray a small amount (approximately 0.25%) acidified water (pH, increased to approximately 2 citric acid). Coated pellets are then dried in the air. Talc (approximately 1%) to introduce to get free flowing granules.

As shown in Fig. 3 covered the composition of the fertilizer using K-Mag as a material barrier coatings (example 2), results in the highest % of dissolution micronutrient after eight hours. All the examples give a much higher % of dissolution than the product in which nutritional trace element introduced in phosphate fertilizer.

As shown in Fig. 4 covered the composition of the fertilizer using K-Mag as a material barrier coatings (example 2), also performed better in terms of influence water solubility consumption of zinc plants.

The present invention may be carried out in other special forms without derogating from its essential features, so the displayed options shall be treated in all respects as illustrative and not as restrictive. Provided here is the formula of the invention is in full conformity with the present application for establishing a foreign priority, and for no other purpose.

1. The composition of the fertilizer, containing: - granules basic fertilizers; - barrier coating, covering at least part of the outer surface of granules basic fertilizer, where a barrier is material which is directionspanel in relation to the basic fertilizer and one or more micronutrients and contains material selected from the group, including urea, langbeinite, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sulfur, silicates, appropriate hydrates and their combinations; and one or more micronutrients, covering at least part of the barrier coatings, so that one or more micronutrients isolated from granules basic fertilizer.

2. The fertilizer formulation of claim 1, wherein the basic fertilizer is phosphate.

3. The composition of fertilizers according to claim 2, in which the basic fertilizer selected from monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, single super phosphate, triple superphosphate and their combinations.

4. The fertilizer formulation of claim 1, wherein the one or more micronutrients selected from boron, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, chlorine, cobalt, sodium, Nickel, selenium and their combinations.

5. The composition of fertilizers according to claim 1, optionally containing polymer coating, covering at least part of the barrier coatings, where one or more micronutrients adhered to the outer surface of polymeric coating.

6. Composition of the material indicated in paragraph 5, in which the polymer coating contains a polymer from polyethylenimine (PAYS) family of polymers.

7. The composition of the fertilizer, containing: - granules basic fertilizers; - barrier coating, covering at least part of the outer surface of granules basic fertilizer, where a barrier is a material that is directionspanel in relation to the basic fertilizer and one or more micronutrients and contains material selected from the group, including urea, langbeinite, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sulfur, silicates, appropriate hydrates and their combinations; and one or more micronutrients, dispersed in barrier coating, so that one or more micronutrients isolated from granules basic fertilizer.

8. Composition of the material indicated in paragraph 7, in which the basic fertilizer is phosphate.

9. The composition of the fertilizer in paragraph 8, in which the basic fertilizer selected from monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, single super phosphate, triple superphosphate and their combinations.

10. Composition of the material indicated in paragraph 7, in which one or more micronutrients selected from boron, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, chlorine, cobalt, sodium, Nickel, selenium and their combinations.

11. The fertilizer formulation of claim 8, further containing polymer coating, covering at least part of the barrier coatings, and one or more incremental micronutrient interventions, covering at least part of the outer surface of polymeric coating.

12. The composition of the fertilizer in paragraph 11, in which the polymer coating contains a polymer from polyethylenimine (PAYS) family of polymers.

15. The method according to 14, in which the basic fertilizer choose from monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, single super phosphate, triple superphosphate and their combinations.

16. The method indicated in paragraph 13, in which one or more micronutrients to choose from boron, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, chlorine, cobalt, sodium, Nickel, selenium and their combinations.

17. The method indicated in paragraph 13, in which the introduction of one or more micronutrients in a barrier includes: - covering at least part of the barrier coatings hot polymer coating; - adgezivna one or more micronutrients to hot polymer coating; and - cooling the hot polymeric coating.

18. The method according to 17, in which hot polymer coating contains a polymer from polyethylenimine (PAYS) family of polymers.

19. The method indicated in paragraph 13, in which the introduction of one or more micronutrients in a barrier includes: - dispersion of one or more micronutrients in barrier coating up to the covering granules basic fertilizer barrier coating.