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Light shell of close-range weapon (mining, infantry). RU patent 2520191.

IPC classes for russian patent Light shell of close-range weapon (mining, infantry). RU patent 2520191. (RU 2520191):

F42B12/32 - the hull or case comprising a plurality of discrete bodies, e.g. steel balls, embedded therein

F42B12/20 - of high-explosive type (F42B0012440000 takes precedence);;

F42B12/00 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material (F42B0006000000, F42B0010000000, F42B0014000000 take precedence;for practice or training F42B0008120000, F42B0008280000; self-propulsion or guidance aspects F42B0015000000)

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Artillery high-explosive fragmentation shell contains body with driving band, detonating fuse and explosive agent. Body consists of ogive and cylindrical parts connected by thread and skirt. There is an insert mounted in cone bore of body ogive part. At the external surface of the insert there is a spiral groove of triangular section. The angle of bore conicity and insert does not exceed friction angle. Inside the insert there is a stick of condensed explosive agent. At the joint of threaded connection of ogive part there is an annular pin of rectangular section interacting with similar groove on the cylindrical part of the body. At the end of the skirt there is an annular collar.

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Rotary fragmentation shell of higher efficiency (versions) / 2476812
Rotary fragmentation shell comprises two or several layers of ready fragments or fragment-forming jackets and an explosive charge. In the first version of realisation the border between fragments or a notch on the fragment-forming jacket of the second layer is displaced backwards relative to the rotation direction. In the second version fragments of the first and second layers are pairwise connected to each other with a cog or a key so that fragments of the second layer cover largest part of the fragment between flying fragments of the first layer. In the third version of realisation the fragments of the first and second layers are rigidly connected to form a figure that is Z-shaped figure in the cross section. In the fourth version the end sides of ready fragments or a ring of a fragment-forming jacket are combined into a rabbet or a groove, or rings of the fragment-forming jacket are displaced in longitudinal direction in staggered order. In the fifth version the external surface of the second layer in the cross section has straight or arched slants similar to a double-pitch roof. An angle of bevel relative to a tangent or a radius may vary, and length of two slants may differ. In the sixth version the border of fragments of the second and third layers has a round shape in the cross section. On each ready or future fragment of the second layer there are two fragments of the third layer. Adjacent fragments of the third layer lying above the border of fragments of the second layer are connected with a flexible link - a chain or a cable or a tape.

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: light shell of mobile weapon includes a shell body with a nose fuse and an explosive charge. Shell is made of two attached parts - rear calibre cylindrical weaponhead part and front part. Rear calibre weaponhead part consists of a fragmentation housing filled with an explosive and a detonation assembly. The front part includes a hollow fairing, in the front part of which the main contact assembly or a fuse connected through a quick-action connection to the detonation assembly of the rear part is located.

EFFECT: improving fighting efficiency of light shells for mobile weapons.

20 cl, 11 dwg

The invention relates to munitions, and more specifically to the shells light artillery guns internal border, mountainous, airborne, marine corps and troops operating in the Arctic. The shells of these devices should have a small mass, providing a low recoil of the guns when the shot. Light projectiles known. 152-mm high-explosive projectile M to short-barreled tank gun M21 tanks "Sheridan" and MA (USA) had the weight of the projectile 19 kg, while the shells staff 152-mm field guns have mass 43...45 kg This projectile was adopted as a prototype of the invention.

The projectile, built according to the classical scheme, contains a body with an explosive charge (BB) and the head shock fuse. Weight reduction achieved due to a significant reduction in the length of the shell (the ratio of the length of the shell to the caliber is 2.86, while for the standard shells it fluctuates within the limits of 4,5 5,5...).

It is known that for shells field guns with large angles of incidence of the projectile on the ground shortening of the projectile reduce the efficiency of its fragmentation. This is because the shell to undermine time saglabats in the soil for a significant part of the length of the body, which leads to intercept the soil of a large part of the fragments.

The present invention is directed to eliminate this drawback. The technical solution consists in that the shell is composed of two connected parts:

- rear block cylindrical military unit, consisting of a steel shrapnel shell filled with an explosive charge (IV)containing the detonation site;

- front hollow part containing the Radome made of light metal alloy or plastic, including with the use of nanomaterials, containing the parent contact the site (or fuse)associated with a responsive communications (electric or detonation) with detonation site back.

This solution allows to reduce the weight of the projectile in two and more times in comparison with the mass of staff of the projectile, to provide the necessary distance between the center of mass and the center of pressure of the projectile, necessary for its gyroscopic stability in flight, and to ensure undermining the warhead of the missile at a certain distance from the earth's surface, providing a minimum catching fragments of a ground.

Along with this, the cylindrical shape of the warhead allows to realize designs with different kinds of actions.

Illustration: figure 1 - fragmentation projectile; figure 2 - fragmentation projectile, creating increased meridional angle of fragmentation; 3 - high-beam projectile; 4 - cumulative projectile; 5 - concrete shell using shock kernel; 6 - guided projectile.

The projectile is depicted in figure 1, consists of two parts: the back block cylindrical part (with warhead) 1 and the front hollow part 2. Part 1 includes steel shrapnel building 3, filled with charge 4 explosives, with the detonation site 5. Leading the band 6 is located on the outer surface of the bottom casing. Part 2 includes a hollow head fairing 7 conical or arched form, made of lightweight metal alloy or plastic, including with the use of nanomaterials, head node undermine 8 and the signal channel 9. The execution of block 8 and channel 9 depends on the accepted detonation method. An electrical method of undermining block 8 contains the contactor circuit or piezoradiator, channel 9 is an electrical conductor, the blasting cap and safety mechanism is placed in the detonation site 5.

In a mechanical way of blowing unit 8 made in the form of usual shock (contact) fuse, channel 9 is extended explosive charge with possible implementation in the form of a detonating cord.

The proportions of the projectile and material requirements were defined for the new shell, fired ones light weapons "Tver" [1] in diameters 100...120 mm, range of fire 5...6 km, muzzle speed of 250...300 m/s, the relative weight of the projectile C q less than 6 kg/DM 3 , the coefficient of filling of shells (the ratio of the weight of the explosive charge to the mass of the projectile)...0,30 0,35. This imposed the requirement that the combat effectiveness of a new projectile at the target "infantry in flak jackets must be not less than the full standard shell of the same calibre.

The ratio of the height of the warhead to the caliber projectile is within 1,0...1,5, and the ratio of the thickness of the shell wall-to-caliber - in the range of 0,05...0,08. Body combat part is made of steel, preferably vysokoskorostnoi, for example C [2], GS [3], X [4]. The ratio of the weight of the explosive charge to the mass of the projectile is within...0,30 0,35. The velocity of detonation of explosive charge warhead is not less than 8800 m/S.

Radome made of lightweight metal alloy or plastic, including with application of nanomaterials. The ratio of height fairing to the caliber projectile is within 1.5 to 2.0, and the wall thickness to the calibre - within 0,02...0,03.

Figure 2 presents a fragmentation projectile, creating increased meridional angle of fragmentation, which is achieved by implementation of the warhead with convex curved forming.

Figure 3 shows the execution of a shell scheme high-beam shell [5]. The front end face of explosive charge block is ready damaging elements (GGE) 10, made of steel or heavy alloys on the basis of tungsten. Detonation site 5 displaced to the bottom of the projectile, which provides the fall of the detonation wave on the block with increase of speed of his throwing. In this projectile is applied head trajectory fuse, providing undermining the projectile on the path to pre-empt the front of goal. As a trajectory fuse can be used fuses temporary, colaboratori, avoidant, or the command type.

4 shows the execution of a shell of cumulative. Along the axis of the explosive charge placed cumulative funnel 11. To reduce the harmful effects of rotation of a shell on a cumulative jet funnel made in the form of a body with the symmetry of rotation of the N-th order (N=12...30) [6].

In cumulative projectile is expedient to use the scheme undermine, not containing a transmission channel, which can worsen the conditions of formation of cumulative jets. To the head fuse attached charge with the cumulative funnel 12 and detonation site 5 contains a charge of 13 sensitive CENTURIES, is liable to detonate when hit him in cumulative jets from a funnel 12.

Figure 5 presents the execution of a shell of concrete type with the use of drums kernel. The front end face of explosive charge placed concave segment facing 14 (ballistic disk), forming at explosion of charge high speed compact drummer (the core).

Figure 6 presents the execution of a shell correct type. The shell is used with the guidance system semi-active type, backlit targets with a laser beam from an external source. In this design trajectory correction is carried out at the expense of shooting ballast weights. Receiver 15 reflected from the target laser radiation is located in front of the fuse. Block 16 ballast weights contains radially located receiver camera 17 placed in them ballast cargoes 18, powder propellant charges 19 and igniters, 20. The block is located in the plane of the center of mass of the projectile. Management shooting of goods is made with the help of the control compartment 21.

Figure 7 presents the execution of a shell, forming a group of shock cores. The front end face of explosive charge placed round plate 22 with several stamped on it spherical dimples (meniscus) 23. The plate can be made of steel or hard alloy. Type plate on the part of the fuse shown Fig. To increase the area menisci and, as consequence, increase of the weight generated shock nuclei Pets mutual partial crossing circles menisci (Fig.9), and the ratio of the distance l between the centers of the menisci to the diameter of the meniscus should make not less than 0.8.

Figure 10 presents the execution of the plate in the form of a cone, facing the top to the head of the projectile, and the angle γ between forming a cone and the plane normal to the axis of the projectile, is within 2...10 degrees. For increase in speed throwing of shock cores provides the option of performing an explosive charge compound, while the rear part of the charge 24, adjacent to the detonator, made of cheap generic explosives (for example, A-1 X-2), and the front part of the charge 25, adjacent to the plate, made of explosives with a speed of detonation more than 8,800 m/s (for example, phlegmatized HMX, CL-20).

There is an option in which the pair both parts of a charge is made on the surface of 26, the form of which provides transformation of spherical detonation waves radiating from the detonator, conical, parallel conical surface of the plate.

Provided also other types of submunitions, the missile from the front end of the warhead, including in the form of a set of tightly Packed rods 27 square section (11). A number of possible versions damaging elements proposed in [7].

Action shells.

The shells of figure 1, 2, 6 depending on conditions of detonation (land, air) are completed or economical impact, or more expensive shock trajectory fuse. In the latter case, the installation of fuses at the kind of action is performed before the shot.

The projectile figure 3 is completed trajectory fuse, shells on 4, 5 - drums fuses.

When shooting on strike action detonation system provides undermining the warhead at a certain distance from the surface of the obstacles. Thanks for fragmentation projectile is minimum catching fragments of the ground, and for cumulative and concrete shells, respectively, the possibility of development of cumulative jets to the optimal length and complete the formation of the shock kernel. The core is able to form a hole in the wall of the big sizes with powerful supergranny action.

When firing guided projectile (6) of light guns, providing a low range, laser illumination purposes is made directly from the tool, which eliminates technically complex operation delivery "highlighter" in the target area and ensure continuous communication with him.

Pointing to the projectile by the action of flight on the highlighted goal is performed by means of shooting ballast weights.

The technical result: the invention will allow to form a set of easy-shells for mobile (infantry, mountain) guns, allowing to solve a variety of combat missions.

Literature

1. EN 2213315.

2. EN 2079099.

3. EN 2153024.

4. EN 2368691.

5. Odiniu VA High-beam shells. Defense technology, 2006, №2.

6. EN 2406062.

7. EN 2194240.

1. Easy mobile shell guns, containing the body of the shell with its fuse and an explosive charge, characterized in that the shell is made of two connected parts: rear block cylindrical military unit, consisting of a shell casing, filled with explosive, and containing the detonation site, and the front part, which contains a hollow cone, in front of which there is a main site or contact fuse associated high-speed link with the detonation site back.

2. The shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the height of the warhead to the caliber projectile is within 1,0...1,5, and the ratio of the thickness of the shell wall-to-caliber - in the range of 0,05...0,08.

3. The shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the body combat part is made of steel, preferably vysokoskorostnoi, for example C, GS, S.

4. The shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the weight of the explosive charge to the mass of the projectile is within...0,30 0,35.

5. The shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the velocity of detonation of explosive charge warhead shall be not less than 8800 m/S.

6. The shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the Radome made of lightweight metal alloy or plastic, including with application of nanomaterials.

7. The shell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio of height fairing to the caliber projectile is within 1.5 to 2.0, and the wall thickness to the calibre - within 0,02...0,03.

8. The shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the body of the warhead is made with convex curved forming.

9. The shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the front end face of charge warhead block is ready damaging elements made of steel or heavy alloys on the basis of tungsten, detonation site displaced to the bottom of the projectile, head fuse is made in the form of the trajectory of the fuse.

10. The shell according to claim 9, wherein the trajectory fuse performed either temporary or collaboratori or avoidant, or the command type.

11. The shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the explosive charge placed cumulative crater in the form of a body with the symmetry of rotation of the N-th order (N=12...30), to the head fuse attached charge with the cumulative funnel and detonation site includes a charge sensitive explosives, is liable to detonate when hit him in cumulative jets.

12. The shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the front end face of explosive charge placed concave segmental lining, forming at explosion of charge high speed compact drummer - the core.

13. The shell according to claim 1, wherein the front fuse is the receiver of reflected from the target of laser radiation, between the front and rear in the plane of the center of mass of the projectile is the block ballast weights, containing radially located receiver camera placed in them ballast cargoes, powder propellant charges and igniters, and attached to the unit control module.

14. The shell according to claim 1, wherein the leader of the band is located on the outer surface of the hull bottom of the warhead.

15. The shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the front end face of explosive charge placed round plate with several stamped on it spherical cavities made of steel or hard alloy.

16. The shell according to claim 1 or 15, wherein the plate made with partial overlapping circles menisci, while the ratio of the distance between the centers of the menisci to the diameter of the meniscus is not less than 0.8.

17. The shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate is made in the form of a cone, facing the top to the head of the projectile, and the angle between forming a cone and the plane normal to the axis of the projectile, is within 2...10 degrees.

18. The projectile 17, wherein the explosive charge warhead is made compound, while the rear part of the charge, adjacent to the detonator, made of cheap generic explosives, for example A-1 X-2, the front part of the charge, adjacent to the plate, made of explosives with a speed of detonation more than 8,800 m/s, for example phlegmatized HMX CL-20.

19. The shell according to claim 1 or 18, wherein the pairing of the two parts of charge is made on the surface, the form of which provides transformation of spherical detonation waves radiating from the detonator, conical, parallel conical surface of the plate.

20. The shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the front end face of the explosive charge is a set of tightly Packed bars of square cross section.