Contactless electrical machine. RU patent 2518906.
 Low-speed current generator / 2510565Low-speed current generator has, mounted on a shaft, a rotor with a multipolar system of permanent magnets, a stator in form of a magnetic conductor and stator windings, leads of which are connected to corresponding rectifier units, a high-frequency pulse master generator and as many power correctors as there are rectifier units, each connected to the output of the corresponding rectifier unit and control inputs of which are connected to the output of the high-frequency pulse master generator, wherein the stator is single-sectional, and the number of poles of the rotor differs by one from the number of stator windings, the stator being cogless. |
 Modular electric machine / 2510121Modular electric machine comprises electromagnetic modules, which consist of two U-shaped cores arranged with their ends to each other so that ferromagnetic inserts on the rotor installed between two cores match in the projection with ends of each pair of two U-shaped cores. Electromagnetic modules are fixed along the circumference without radial displacement relative to each other, windings of the anchor are wound separately on each rod of the U-shaped core, which are arranged further from the machine shaft, and the excitation winding is made toroidal, common for all electromagnetic modules of each fixed part of the stator, as a result of which rods of U-shaped cores that are close to the machine shaft are arranged tightly to each other, which results in maximum reduction of distance between electromagnetic modules. At the same time anchor windings of one phase displaced by a pole division are connected as matching in series. |
 Machine with transverse magnetic flux (versions) / 2496213Electric machine with transverse magnetic flux includes at least three phases, each of which is formed with core stator and windings. All the above phases are arranged in common housing. Parallel connected electric lines are branched from the above phases. There is also current converter from current source, which is formed with inductors connected in each of the above electric lines, switching circuit and switching capacitors. All the above components are placed in common housing. Two versions of the present invention are proposed. |
 Six-phase valve-inductor motor controlled by three-phase current of sinusoidal shape / 2494518Method is realised using facilities for observation of certain ratios of angular dimensions of poles of the motor rotor and its stator, even poles of which are equipped with one concentrated winding, and odd ones - with two concentrated windings, which are connected in a certain manner. Besides, in the proposed motor full currents of phase windings comprise in their composition only the first harmonic component and do not comprise higher harmonic components, and motor power supply is realised with three sinusoidal currents with the help of a three-phase bridge inverter, which is controlled by the relay-current method. |
 Permanent magnet motor / 2484573Proposed permanent magnet motor consists of n equal modules, each of which includes a housing, a stator with phase windings, a rotor with constant magnets, which are magnetised in radial direction. Similar phase windings of adjacent modules are connected in series, housings and rotors of modules are connected to each other mechanically, and each module includes circular orientation elements of the stator with phase windings and rotors. At that, according to this invention, in each rotor, one half of magnets is offset relative to the other half in a circumfenertial direction by the half of the tooth division of stator tzs, and in adjacent modules, similar magnets of rotors are offset in a circumferential direction through value tzs/(2n). |
 Stabilised axial dc generator / 2470446Invention is related to electric engineering, in particular, to electric DC machines. The proposed stabilised axial DC generator comprises a body, a pilot exciter, an exciter and the main generator, in which an inner magnetic conductor, a side magnetic conductor with one active end surface and a side magnetic conductor with two active end surfaces are arranged as axial. At the same time, according to this invention, into slots of the side axial magnetic conductor with two active end surfaces at the side of the inner axial magnetic conductor there is an additional winding of excitation exciter, and in the lower part of the generator body there is a voltage controller comprising a metre of voltage deviations, a preliminary amplifier, a unit of power amplification and a power part. The metre of voltage deviations is connected to the output voltage of the generator, and the additional winding of the excitation exciter is connected to a power part of the voltage controller. |
 Generator of valve type / 2469455Working windings connected in parallel to a load form a closed circuit between each other, which may be supplied from a source of supply. At the same time a part of windings with its group of poles operates in a mode of generation, compensating with its current a decreasing magnetic flow, the other part - in a motor mode, twisting the generator and pulling a counter-electromotive force to the first group. Within a cycle of rotation the sum of electromotive force generation and counter-electromotive forces are equal, but due to active resistance the circuit needs some makeup from a source of supply: an inverter, a microgenerator, an accumulator, or from oscillations of a magnetic flow in stator poles, which is taken by additional windings and after rectification is supplied into an excitation circuit. Besides, the magnetic flow forcedly arises in front of closing poles, if some turns of the winding placed on them are closed at the same time to one of the generator leads. For this purpose a collector may be used, a switchboard operating from a curtain collector or from sensors of rotation or speed of a shaft. At the same time availability of current windings that transfer excitation to poles that are about to generate provides for excitation without a source of supply and a switchboard when reaching a rated mode after receipt of the first current pulse from an accumulator or residual magnetisation. The generator with current excitation may be used for welding, besides, the winding will be phase to any side, both adding and reducing the magnetic flow depending on the welding mode. |
 Inverted valve motor / 2467454Invention relates to the field of electric engineering and may be used in an automated electric drive and systems of automatics. In the proposed inverted valve motor, comprising a stator with an m-phase winding and a rotor comprising an external bushing and permanent magnets, according to the invention, a stator is installed inside the motor, and a rotor comprises an external bushing, on the inner surface of which there is a magnetic system made of 12 pre-magnetised and cut elements, besides, the magnetisation angle of each segment is identified in accordance with the following formula: αSn= 90°(N - 1), where N-an order number of a segment in a shell, the number of pairs in poles of the rotor magnetic field complies with the number of pairs of the stator winding poles. |
 Submersible valve-inductor electric motor of open design / 2465708Electric motor comprises a body (1), where a stator yoke (2) is placed with explicit-pole teeth (3), excitation coils (4) from a winding wire with polyimide-fluoroplastic insulation. On a shaft (6) there is a rotor (7) mounted with similar teeth (8) without a winding by number by two teeth less than on the stator. Between the teeth (3) of the stator and teeth (8) of the rotor there is a non-magnet working gap (10), along which cooling sea water passes. To prevent contact corrosion of electric steels of packages of the stator, rotor, body and shaft, discs (11) from magnesium alloy are pressed onto free ends of the rotor shaft, and between the stator teeth there are tyre treads (5) pressed from the same alloy. Discs (11) and tyre treads (5) have a tight electric contract with packages of the rotor (7) and the stator (2). |
 Stabilised axial contact-free dc generator / 2465706Stabilised axial contact-free DC generator comprises a body, a subexciter, an exciter, the main generator and a voltage controller. According to this invention, the voltage controller is installed in the lower part of the generator body and comprises an electromagnet, to the anchor of which a spring is rigidly fixed, and a coal pillar, assembled from a row of coal washers laid onto each other and compressed with a spring. At the same time the working winding of the electromagnet in the voltage controller is connected to the generator outlet, and the coal pillar is included into the circuit of the exciter excitation winding, at the same time resistance of the coal pillar depends on the force of compression of coal washers with the specified spring. |
 Nonreversible two-phase thyratron-inductor motor / 2266604Proposed nonreversible two-phase thyratron-inductor motor has salient-pole symmetrical stator 1 carrying concentrated windings and unwound rotor 2. Stator 1 has eight poles and rotor 2, four ones. Surface of rotor 2 has three steps over its length, angular width of each step being bSR = bZR/3 = bZS, where bZR is angular width of rotor pole; bZR is angular width of stator pole, and lengths of first, second, and third steps are as follows: l1 = 1/3 l; l2 = 2/3 l; l3 = 1, where l is rotor length; each of two phase windings A and B incorporates four series-connected coils. |
 Electric motor / 2273943Electric motor has body, wherein stator is positioned with two windings, rotor made in form of permanent magnet with four poles, directed to windings of stator, with axis pressed inside it. Electric motor additionally includes stator windings bearer, along internal diameter of which stator windings are placed, consisting of two coils, each one of which is made rectangular, frame-less, bent so, that shape of side of windings directed towards rotor matches shape of rotor made in form of cylinder, and on external surface of body circular magnetic duct is positioned. |
 Pump to deliver fuel from tank to automobile internal combustion engine, thyratron electric motor of pump delivering fuel from tank to automobile internal combustion engine and stator of fuel pump thyratron electric motor (versions) / 2274766Invention relates to fuel devices of internal combustion engines. Proposed pump designed for delivering fuel from tank to automobile internal combustion engine has housing accommodating electric motor. Pump unit with suction branch pipe and inner space is installed from one end of housing. Space in pump unit accommodates pumping device fitted on electric motor shaft. Cover with pressure branch pipe is installed from other end of housing. Electric motor of pump is essentially thyratron electric motor containing stator assembled of electric sheet steel and windings, rotor consisting of magnetic circuit with permanent magnets secured on its surface and thyratron electric motor control unit arranged in pump cover. Thyratron electric motor of pump delivering fuel from tank to automobile internal combustion engine has control unit, stator and rotor. Electric motor control unit is made in form of functionally intercoupled devices, such as device for shaping logic "1" or "0" signals depending on polarity of emf induced in corresponding winding of stator, controller for processing received logic signals and shaping output control signals, realization of initial starting mode of electric motor and operating mode, and restarting of program in case of hang up of control unit caused by interferences, device to convert output signals of control into control signals for switching device, device for switching stator windings to rotate rotor in required direction, device to protect switching transistors from through current and device to correct dynamic of motor starting. According to first design version, stator of thyratron electric motor of pump delivering fuel from tank to automobile internal combustion engine is made up of electrical sheet steel and windings. At least three projections are made uniformly over outer diameter of sheet, outer diameter of projections being equal to inner diameter of pump housing. Said projections form in assembled stator. According to second design version, stator of thyratron electric motor of pump delivering fuel from tank to automobile internal combustion engine is made up of electrical sheet steel and windings, over outer diameter of sheet equal to inner diameter of pump housing at least three slots, for instance, semiround ones are uniformly made. Said slots from channels in assembled stator. |
 Electromagnetically excited contactless valve-type inductor machine / 2277284Proposed electrical machine designed for driving medium- and heavy-power ships, large motor cars, trolley buses, subway trains, excavators, drilling rigs and miscellaneous material-handling facilities, and pumps of water-purification structures, as well as for lifting active components of nuclear power stations has frame accommodating laminated stacks of electric steel stampings whose quantity is a multiple of two, with teeth whose quantity is a multiple of three, and slots to receive phase windings, the latter being placed in slots of these stacks so that their turns in slot portions of winding are parallel to longitudinal axis of machine and one turn encloses all teeth of stator stacks opposing one another; field winding disposed on stator between its stacks, with its longitudinal axis parallel to that of electrical machine; nonmagnetic metal shaft carrying magnetically soft metal bushing that mounts toothed rotor stacks of magnetically soft stampings whose quantity equals that of stator stacks; and two end plates with bearings; novelty is that total number of phase windings is greater than three and its quantity is a multiple of three, every three phase windings having their independent neutral point, and adjacent triads being shifted in phase through certain angle, with stator-to-rotor tooth ratio Zst-to-Zr starting with five: 5, 7, 11, 13, 17 .... Such design provides for attaining desired power level, reduced torque pulsation of motor or voltage ripples for generator, ability of using inverters having low-voltage integrated-circuit components and machine operation at heavy loads and low temperatures, varying machine characteristics within wide range, using well-known and mastered digital technologies for controlling machine operation. |
 Section of valve-type inductor motor and sectionalized valve-type inductor motor / 2277285Proposed motor section has case accommodating stator and shaft-mounted rotor. The latter is double-stack structure incorporating two annular permanent magnets radially magnetized in different directions and disposed under rotor stacks. Nonmagnetic bushing is disposed between rotor stacks; shaft is made of magnetic material. Magnets of one section of sectionalized valve-type motor are magnetized in different directions and magnets of adjacent sections abutting against one another are magnetized unidirectionally. |
 Power circuit for reluctance inductor motor phase winding / 2284628Proposed power circuit for phase winding of reluctance inductor motor has power supply, motor phase winding, electronic switch, capacitor, and diode, as well as choke coil connected directly to positive lead of power supply and through series-interconnected electronic switch, diode, and phase winding, to negative lead. Capacitor is connected to common point of connection of electronic switch to diode anode and power supply negative lead. |
 Magneto-electric motor (variants) / 2316882In accordance to the invention, aforementioned technical effect is achieved in all three variants of realization of claimed magneto-electric motor by means of ensuring more efficient usage of energy of constant magnets, which becomes possible due to observance of axis alignment, simultaneous manner and symmetry of poles of each shoulder of individual disks of rotor, inputted into gaps, equality of areas of simultaneously overlapped poles (i.e. volumes of constant magnets) during rotation of rotor and, thus, achievement of equality and mutual elimination of rotation momentums of different directions. |
 Contact-free dc engine provided with disc rotor / 2319279Contact-free dc engine with disc rotor can be used in electric drives of industrial mechanism of general application, in particular, as basic part of contact-free dc engines of transportation vehicles. Contact-free dc engine with disc rotor has stator made of set of separate ferrous U-shaped rods being not in contact with each other, toroid excitation winding and sic rotor. Stator is made of set of U-shaped rods, which rods are disposed symmetrical in relation to ferrous poles of disc rotor. Base of rotor is made of nonferrous material and it is tightly connected with shaft. End parts of radial oriented U-shaped rods are fixed in nonferrous edge plates of stator. Sections of winding of core are put in through grooves among ferrous rods which have to be teeth of any module of core. Commutation of currents of sections for signals of position detector is carried out by semiconductor switch. |
 Electrical machine with disk rotor / 2340068Stator O-like magnetic circuits are made up of two top-flatted components furnished with grooves receiving the rotor magnetic circuits, the said components being laid in the stator first and second cup-like halves, while the disk rotor magnetic circuit laid along the rotor ring is composed of magnetically hard material sectors with vectors of magnetisation opposing along the shorter axis. The design of proposed machine features simplicity, ease of manufacture, dust-and-moisture resistant and adapted to operation under various climatic conditions and may well be used as a high-torque stepping motor on feeding external control pulsed signals to the windings of the aforesaid stator magnetic circuits. |
 Contactless electromagnetic machine / 2354032In contactless electromagnetic machine comprising anchor, every phase of which consists of coils that cover single anchor tooth, and inductor with poles, according to this invention, coil group of anchor winding phase consists of single coil, inductor core consists of joined first and second cores and permanent magnet magnetised in axial direction and located between inductor cores, the first and second inductor cores are located relative to each other so that axis of every tooth in the first core coincides with axis of every slot of the second inductor core. |
FIELD: electricity.
SUBSTANCE: in contactless electrical machine containing stator with z equally spaced teeth at which m-phase winding is placed and a rotor with 2p alternating poles, according to the invention a number of the stator teeth z and a number of the rotor poles 2p is selected so that the ratio between them meet the formula z=m(2p±1) at 2p non-multiple to m.
EFFECT: reduction of reactive moment and expansion of the application area for the electrical machine.
3 dwg
The invention relates to the electrical engineering, namely to multi-phase synchronous electric machines with permanent magnets, and can be used in Autonomous systems of electrical equipment as a source of AC or DC or as an Electromechanical part contactless engine AC or DC.
Synchronous electric machines with permanent magnets, as generators and motors are recently more and more wide application. However, these machines at the wrong ratio of the number of poles and the number of teeth may be significant ripple reactive moment and, as consequence, increase of the uneven rotation of the rotor, especially at low loads and low speeds. This reduces the starting torque of the motor, increase in noise, vibration, additional losses in the windings, increased heating and reduce the efficiency of the machine.
The RU patent 2091969 known brushless DC motor, containing the stator with Z same evenly spaced teeth on which posted by m-phase winding, rotor with 2P alternating poles of a permanent magnet, magnetized in the radial direction, where the number of stator teeth Z multiple of the number of phases m, and the number of rotor poles 2P shall be such that the difference between them 2K, where K is a positive integer, was minimal, and m-phase winding, representing a concentric windings, each stage of which consists of 2K reel groups, wound so that the direction of winding on the battlements of the stator interspersed within each reel of the group and that on the teeth of one phase shifted by 180/K, direction winder was consonant with the odd K and counter even when K.
The disadvantages of the system are : the uneven rotation of the rotor, increased noise and vibration.
Closest to the claimed technical solution is known by the patent RU 2143777 contactless electrical machine that contains the stator, the Z-teeth which wound m-phase winding, rotor with 2P alternating poles, where the number of stator teeth Z multiple of the number of phases m, and the number of Z and the number of rotor poles 2P shall be such that the difference between them was 1, where 1 is the lowest integer. While m-phase winding, each phase consists of 1 roll groups, wound so that the direction of winding on the battlements of the stator within each reel group alternate and that the teeth of one phase shifted 180 degrees/l, the direction was consonant with the odd 1 and the counter at even 1 and shift between phases m=/m for m=2l; m=[3-(-1)m/2/m for m=(2l+1), where l=1, 2...
The disadvantages of the device is increased reactive moment when some of the ratios of the number of poles and the number of teeth, and a limited area of application, since the known device is intended only for the cases, when the number of teeth and poles are close. Increased reactive moments occur when the number of teeth z and the number of poles 2P are not relatively Prime and have a common divisor, larger units.
The technical result of the claimed invention are reduced reactive moment and expand the scope of an electric machine.
The technical result is achieved that contactless electrical machine that contains the stator with z evenly spaced teeth, which are m-phase winding, rotor with 2P alternating poles, according to the invention, the number of stator teeth z and the number of rotor poles 2P selected so that the ratio between them is determined by the expression z=m(2P of + / -1), 2P not fold m.
The proposed ratio, according to which the number of stator teeth z and the number of rotor poles 2P choose so that z=m(2P of + / -1) in 2P not fold m, apply if you want the number of teeth z was several times more than the number of poles 2P. In this case reactive moments will be minimal, as the number of teeth z and the number of poles 2P are relatively Prime and greatest common divisor (GCD) of the number of teeth z and the number of poles 2P equal to one. Such design of the device (contactless electrical machines) allows to significantly expand the scope of its application and to produce electrical machines with a uniform rotation of the rotor.
The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by drawings:
Figure 1 depicts a variant of the device with 16 poles and 21 tooth stator.
Figure 2 depicts a variant of the device with 14 poles and 21 tooth stator.
Figure 3 shows the values of the jet engine torque with 8 pairs of rotor poles and 51 tooth stator.
When the rotor with stator on each prong of the stator periodically will act the moment determined by the position of the teeth relative to the magnetic system of the poles. If the form and arrangement of teeth and the shape and arrangement of poles symmetric, reactive moment actually will be determined by the location of the axis of symmetry of the wave axis of symmetry of the nearest pole.
For example, when the device with 16 poles and 21 tooth stator, as shown in figure 1, when the number of teeth and the number of poles have no factors in common, except for the units, and the axis of symmetry of any wave is on the axis of symmetry of any pole (wave 1 and pole 1). In this case, acting on the prong reaction torque on the basis of the symmetry of the magnetic field of the system will be zero. And on each tooth, located on the left of this wave will act the same value reactive moment, but of opposite sign to that of the tooth, located symmetrically on the right side of the tooth, as these teeth are equal, but opposite to offset the nearest pole.
For the considered variants Table 1 shows the angular position of teeth, and poles, as well as the mutual position of each prong relative to the nearest pole in the cases when the symmetry axis of the first wave and the first pole match.
The table below shows that for each prong of the stator, except the first, there is a corresponding him and at the same angular distance symmetric with respect to the first prong. Acting on them points will be equal and opposite to each other.
It is obvious that the current in the stator reactive moment is determined by the integral value of the torques from all of stator teeth. In this case, the total reaction torque acting on the stator, will also be zero and the rotor will be in the "sticking point". For the period of a revolution for each tooth, the number of such "sticking points" will be equal to the number of poles 2P. The total number of "sticking points" for one revolution all teeth, taking into account the fact that the number of teeth and the number of poles have no factors in common, will be equal to the product of the number of teeth z on the number of poles 2P. The displacement of the rotor from the point of sticking with stator arises mismatch symmetry teeth concerning poles, causing reactive moment between the stator and the rotor in the direction of the "sticking point".
If the number of teeth z and the number of poles 2P have a common divisors, then in the same angular position relative to its nearest pole will be several teeth, and their number will be equal to the greatest common divisor (GCD) of the number of teeth z and the number of poles 2P. The total number of "points sticking" is in this case in the GBR times less and to be equal to the product of the number of teeth on the number of poles, divided by the greatest common divisor (GCD) of the number of teeth and the number of poles. Accordingly, "the angular distance between the nearest points of sticking to increase in the GBR times, which will increase the uneven rotation of the rotor. Reactive moments "moving into the phase of NOD teeth will be formed, and is applicable to all the teeth of the total maximum positive and total negative reactive moments in positions between the "sticking points" will also increase in the GBR times, which also will lead to increase of the uneven rotation of the rotor.
When performing unit with 14 poles and 21 tooth stator, as shown in figure 2, for the number of teeth and the number of poles of the greatest common divisor (GCD) will be equal to 7. Table 2 shows the angular position of teeth, and poles for this case. The table shows that 7 of teeth, each of the 3 groups always have the same angular position relative closest to them pole.
This means that when the rotor with stator reactive moment reaches its maximum value simultaneously in seven teeth.
The proposed solution was verified by the construction of an experimental batch of engines. These engines have eight pairs of poles on the stator is located 51 prong, nominal torque on the motor shaft 2,5 n·m Were measured values of a reactive moment depending on mutual angular position of the rotor with stator.
The measurements were performed using a specially designed stand, ensure the rotation of the rotor with stator increments of 0.2 degrees with simultaneous measurement efforts (reactive moment), created by the stator. To measure the efforts of used electronic scale models ML-A01-100.
The results of measurements of the jet engine torque in the interval from 0 to 180 degrees (half of the turnover of the rotor with stator) is presented in figure 3.
Contactless electrical machine that contains the stator with z evenly spaced teeth, which are m-phase winding, rotor with 2P alternating poles, wherein the number of stator teeth z and the number of rotor poles 2P selected so that the ratio between them is determined by the expression z=m(2P+1)2P not fold m.