Panoramic receiver. RU patent 2517417.

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to radio electronics and can be used to determine carrier frequency and type of modulation of signals received in a given frequency band. The panoramic receiver comprises a receiving antenna 1, an input circuit 2, a search unit 3, a high frequency amplifier 4, a heterodyne 5, mixer 6, an intermediate frequency amplifier 7, amplitude detectors 8, 16.1, 16.2 and 16.3, a video amplifier 9, a frequency sweep device 10, cathode-ray tubes 11, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 20, 24 and 31, a switch 12, a phase doubler 13.1, a phase quadrupler 13.2, an eight-times phase multiplier 13.3, a phase halver 14.1, a four-times phase divider 14.2, an eight-times phase divider 14.3, band-pass filters 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 27 and 29, switches 18, 21 and 25, frequency detectors 19, 23 and 30, 90° phase changers 22 and 28.

EFFECT: high reliability of visual recognition of composite signals with single- or two-fold offset phase-shift keying.

5 dwg

The proposed receiver relates to the field of radio electronics and may be used to determine the carrier frequency and the type of modulation of signals received in the specified frequency range.

Famous panoramic receivers (Avtosvit. The USSR №№1.012.152, 1.180.804, 1.187.095, 1.272.266, 1.290.192, 1.354.124; RF patents №№2.001.407, 2.010.244, 2.025.737, 2.030.750, 2.124.216, 2.230.330, 2.366.079; the U.S. patent nos 4.443.801, 4.904.930, 5.208.835; wakin S.A., LEV Shustov. Fundamentals of jamming and electronic reconnaissance. M: Owls. Radio, 1968, s-396, RIS and others).

Known devices closest to the proposed is "Panoramic receiver" (RF patent №2.366.079, H03J 7/32 stranded, 2008), and selected as a prototype.

Specified panoramic receiver provides a visual definition of the carrier frequency and the type of modulation of signals received.

It should be noted that among the complex signals with multiple phase shift keying have found an extensive use signals with two-phase shift keying (QPSK-4C). This is because with this kind of manipulation is possible to avoid phase shift 180 degrees that occurs when a single (binary) [FMN-2, to Phi (t)={0, PI}], double [FMN-4, to Phi (t)={0, PI/2, PI, 3/2π}] and three [FMN-8, to Phi (t)={0, PI/4, PI/2, PI, 3/2π, PI, 5/4π, 3/2π, 7/4π}] phase manipulation.

In the case of double phase manipulation with the shift take place phase relations, identical to the phase relations in the ordinary double phase manipulation, except that phase and quadrature threads elements are shifted in time by half of the duration t of e /2 elementary parcels, where t er - duration elementary parcels. Each of these streams can be encoded differential code, as in the two different channels with single phase shift keying. Because changing the phase of the signal occurs at any given time, only one channel, differential decoding easier in the case of double phase manipulation of the shift, than at usual double phase manipulation.

In the case of double phase manipulation with the shift of each item received at the input of the modulator common-mode or RF channel, causes a change in phase 0 degree, +PI/2, -PI/2 (+3/2π). Thus, there is no out-of-phase signal to PI.

Famous panoramic receiver provides visual recognition of complex signals with multiple phase shift keying.

However when receiving complex FMN-2 signal on the screen CRT 17.1, 17.2 and 17.3 formed a single spectral components (Fig.3, a).

A similar pattern is formed, and at reception of complex signal with the two-phase shift keying (QPSK-4C) (Fig.3, a), that means that the ambiguity of visual recognition of complex FMN-2 and FMN-4C signals.

The object of the invention is to increase the reliability of visual recognition of complex signals with single and two-phase shift keying.

The problem is solved by the fact that a panoramic receiver containing in accordance with the closest analogue consistently included receiving antenna, the input circuit, high frequency amplifier, mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output lo, the intermediate frequency amplifier, first amplitude detector, amplifier and vertical deflection plates of the first cathode-ray tube, horizontal deflecting plates which are connected with the release of devices forming the frequency sweep is sequentially connected to the amplifier output intermediate the frequency of key, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier, the first switch, the first frequency detector and vertical deflection plates of the fifth electron-beam tube, horizontal deflecting plates which are connected with the release of devices forming the frequency sweep is connected to the output of the three key channel processing, each of which has consistently included the phase multiplier, divider phase, bandpass filter, peak detector and vertical deflection plates of cathode-ray tubes, horizontal deflecting plates which are connected with the release of conditioning instrument frequency sweep, with the first channel processing phase of the received signal is multiplied and divided into two, the second - four, in the third - eight control inputs input circuit, amplifier high frequency, lo and devices of formation of the frequency sweep is connected with the corresponding outputs search block, differs from the nearest analogue is the fact that it comes with a second and third switches, two phasers 90, second and third frequency detectors, sixth and seventh cathode ray tubes, the second divider phase two, the fourth and fifth bandpass filters, and to the exit of the third bandpass filter sequentially connected to the second switch and vertical deflection plates sixth cathode-ray tube, horizontal deflecting plates through which the first phase shifter 90° is connected to the second switch and control electrode through the second frequency detector is connected to the output of the key, the output multiplier phase four serial attached the third switch, the second divider phase two, the fourth band-pass filter and vertical deflection plates seventh cathode-ray tube, horizontal deflecting plates through which the second phase shifter 90° connected with the release of the fourth bandpass filter and control electrode through consistently included fifth band-pass filter and the third frequency detector is connected to the output of the doubler phase.

Structural scheme panoramic receiver presented in figure 1. View possible waveforms shown in figure 2, 3 and 4. Time diagrams illustrating the principle of education brightness tags on the screen sixth 24 and seventh 31 cathode ray tubes (CRT), shown in figure 5.

F C /F 2 =F /F 4 =F /F 8 =N

and transforms into a single spectral components. This fact can serve as a sign of recognition FMN-2 signals.

Harmonic voltage U 1 (t), U 2 (t)U 3 (t) go to the inputs of divisors phase two 14.1, four 14.2 and eight 14.3 respectively, the output of which formed the following harmonic voltage:

U 4 (t)=cos U 4[ω por t+Phi PI ],

U 5 (t)=cos U 5[ω por t+Phi PI ],

U 6 (t)=U 6 cos[ω por t+Phi PI ], 0 t T with .

These stresses are allocated bandpass filters 15.1, 15.2 and 15.3 respectively, are detected amplitude detectors 16.1, 16.2, 16.3 and serves on a vertically-deflector plate CRT 17.1, 17.2 and 17.3. The frequency sweep CRT 17.1, 17.2 and 17.3 are provided with the device 10, voltage is applied to the horizontal deflection plates. On the CRT screen 17.1, 17.2 and 17.3 formed pulses that are visually observed and can serve as a sign of recognition FMN-2 signals (Fig.3, a).

If the input panoramic receiver comes FMN-4 signal [to Phi (t)={0, PI/2, PI, 2π}], the output bandpass filter 15.1 allocated FMN-2 signal [to Phi (t)={0, PI/2, PI, 2π}], and the output bandpass filters 15.2 and 15.3 formed corresponding harmonic voltage. In this case, on the CRT screen 17.1 visually observed range FMN-2 signals, as on the screen CRT 17.2 and 17.3 observed single spectral components (figure 3, b).

If the input panoramic receiver comes FMN-4C signal [to Phi (t)={0, PI/2, PI 3/2], CRT screens 17.1, 17.2 and 17.3 observed single spectral components (figure 3, b).

A similar pattern is formed and when receiving FMN-2 signals (figure 3, a), i.e. there comes the ambiguity of visual recognition of these signals. To resolve this ambiguity, the operator closes the second switch 21. This harmonic voltage U6(t) output bandpass filter 15.3 through closed the second switch 21 comes directly and through the first Phaser 22 90° vertically deviating and horizontal deflecting plates sixth CRT 24, forming on her screen circular sweep. Voltage U PR (t) (figure 5, b) intermediate frequency from the output of the amplifier 7 through the public key of the 12 fed to the input of the second frequency detector 23, the output of which is formed by a sequence of short bipolar pulses (figure 5)transitional provision which correspond to the points of abrupt change in the phase of the received signal to intermediate frequency (figure 5, b). These short pulses with the output frequency detector 23 comes to managing electrode CRT 24 and performs modulation her e-beam brightness. The screen CRT 24 formation of a stable image in the form of two brightness of points on the circle scanning, if the reception FMN-2 signals (figure 4. a). And if the reception FMN-4C signal on the screen CRT 24 formed three brightness points located on the circular scan (Fig.4, b).

The number of luma pixels determines the type and frequency phase manipulation, and the angular distance between them is equal to the value of jumps of a phase accept QPSK signal.

However, three brightness of a point on the screen CRT 24 formed in the admission of FMN-3 signal to Phi (t)={0, 2/3 p, 4/3 PI}] (figure 4, g), i.e. there comes the ambiguity of visual recognition FMN-4C and FMN-3 signals. To resolve this ambiguity, the operator closes the third switch 25. This harmonic voltage U 2 (t) from the output of the multiplier 13.2 phase four through a closed switch 25 arrives on divisors 26 phase two, the output of which is formed harmonic voltage

U 10 (t)=* 10 cos(2ω por t+ & Phi; CRC ), 0 t T s ,

given bandpass filter 27 and flows vertically deviating and horizontal deflecting plates seventh CRT 31 directly and through Phaser 28 90, forming on her screen circular sweep.

Output doubler 13.1 phase in this case is formed FMN-2 signal [to Phi (t)={0, PI}], which is released bandpass filter 29 and fed to the input of the third frequency detector 30. The output of the last is formed by a sequence of short bipolar pulses, which comes on the control electrode seventh CRT 31, on the screen which are formed two luma label (figure 4, b).

Therefore, the presence of three brightness tags on the CRT screen 24 and two brightness tags on the CRT screen 31 is a sign of recognition FMN-4C signal.

The three brightness tags on the CRT screen 24 and 31 is a sign of recognition FMN-3 signal.

If the input panoramic receiver comes FMN-8 signal [to Phi (t)={0, PI/4, PI/2, 3 / 4 , p, 5/4π, 3/2π, 7/4π}], the output bandpass filter 15.2 formed FMN-2 signal [to Phi (t)={0, PI}], and harmonic voltage is formed only at the output bandpass filter 15.3 (figure 3, d).

In the General case on the same carrier frequency at the same time you can send messages from n sources, using the m-fold phase manipulation. However, it is reasonable one (FMN-2), two- (FMN) and triple (FMN-8) phase manipulation, which have found wide application in practice. Further the increase of frequency phase manipulation is limited by the fact that decreases the distance between elementary signals and substantially reduces the immunity of the communication channel.

Among the complex signals with frequency shift keying (FMN) the wide circulation was received signals with minimum frequency shift keying (FMN-2), with duobinary frequency shift keying (FMN-3) and with rounded frequency shift keying (FMN-5).

If the input panoramic receiver comes FMN-2 signal, at the output bandpass filters 15.1, 15.2 and 15.3 formed frequency-shift keyed signals with frequency index manipulation m f =1. The spectrum of the FMN-2 signal is transformed into two spectral components (figure 3, e), and this is a sign of recognition FMN-2 signals.

If the input panoramic receiver comes FMN-3 signal or FMN-5 signal, its continuous spectrum is transformed into three (3, e) or five (figure 3, W) spectral components, respectively, which are signs of recognition of these signals.

If the input panoramic receiver signal with frequency modulation (FM)

U (t)=* with cos(W from t+πγt i +Phi ), 0 t T from

where Y=F (g /T c is the rate of change of frequency inside pulse;

F g - frequency deviation;

j-1, 2, 3, ...,

after conversion at the frequency of the mixer 6 using lo 5 using the public key of 12 he entered the inputs multipliers phase two 13.1, four 13.2 and eight 13.3, the output of which formed the following voltage respectively:

U 7 (t)=* 7 cos(2ω por t+2πγt j +2φ PR ),

U 8 (t)=* 8 cos(4 por t+4πγt j +4φ PR )

U 9 (t)=* 9 cos(8ω por t+8πγt j +8φ PR ), 0 t T s ,

since the duration T of the FM signal and its harmonics remains constant, the increase γ in two, four and eight times is due to the increase in the same frequency deviation F g and spectrum width of the received FM signal.

Therefore, on the CRT screen 17.1, 17.2 and 17.3 visually observed spectra FM signal spectrum width of which two, four and eight times the width of the spectrum of the original signal (figure 3, C). This circumstance is a sign of recognition FM signal.

For species recognition and the law of frequency modulation operator closes the first radio button 18. Thus taken FM signal is converted by frequency, through public key 12 and closed switch 18 fed to the input of the first frequency detector 19, and then on vertical deflection plates of the fifth CRT 20. On the CRT screen 20 is formed oscillogram, the nature of which determine the form of frequency modulation.

For signals with linear frequency modulation (chirp) j=2 waveform looks like the one shown in figure 3, I.

One of the modifications of the chirp signal is a signal with a symmetric linear modulation (SLCM) (3, K).

For signals with a quadratic frequency modulation (KCHM) j=3 waveform looks like the one shown in figure 3, L.

Thus, the proposed panoramic receiver in comparison with the prototype and other technical solutions of similar purpose provides increase of reliability of visual recognition of complex signals with single and two-phase shift keying. Thereby functionality panoramic receiver expanded.

Panoramic receiver containing consistently included receiving antenna, the input circuit, high frequency amplifier, mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output lo, the intermediate frequency amplifier, first amplitude detector, amplifier and vertical deflection plates of the first cathode-ray tube, horizontal deflecting plates which are connected with the release of devices forming the frequency sweep is sequentially connected to the amplifier output intermediate frequency key, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier, the first the switch, first frequency detector and vertical deflection plates of the fifth electron-beam tube, horizontal deflecting plates which are connected with the release of devices forming the frequency sweep is connected to the output of the three key channel processing, each of which has consistently included the phase multiplier, divider phase, bandpass filter, peak detector and vertical deflection plates of cathode-ray tubes, horizontal deflector plate which is connected to the output of the formation of the frequency sweep, with the first channel processing phase the received signal is multiplied and divided into two, the second - four, in the third - eight control inputs input circuit, amplifier high frequency, lo and devices of formation of the frequency sweep is connected with the corresponding outputs search block, wherein it is equipped with the second and third switches, two phasers 90, second and third frequency detectors, sixth and seventh cathode ray tubes, the second divider phase two, the fourth and fifth bandpass filters, and to the exit of the third bandpass filter connected in series the second switch and vertical deflection plates sixth cathode-ray tube, horizontal deflecting plates through which the first phase shifter 90° is connected to the second switch and control electrode through the second frequency detector is connected to the output of the key, the output multiplier phase four serial attached the third switch, the second divider phase two, the fourth band-pass filter and vertical deflection plates seventh cathode-ray tube, horizontal deflecting plates through which the second phase shifter 90° connected with the release of the fourth bandpass filter and control electrode through consistently included fifth band-pass filter and the third frequency detector is connected to the output of the doubler phase.