Method for modification of ionospheric plasma. RU patent 2515539.

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: method for modification of ionospheric plasma includes formation of artificial plasma accumulation in result of blast waves propagating from places of explosive cartridges blasting. Pyrotechnic release is made from the cartridge in radial directions, shaping of propagating blast waves is made by simultaneous explosion of all explosive cartridges, at that plasma accumulation with pulsed electromagnetic fields in it is formed in the central area of influence due to converging blast wave formed as a result of the fronts joining of some explosions.

EFFECT: increasing intensity of pulsed electromagnetic fields, increasing efficiency of near-space researches, LF radio communications and electronic jamming.

5 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl

The present invention relates to the field of electricity, concerns the modification of the ionosphere plasma, which can be used for exploration of the near-earth space, tasks far LF radio, and in order jamming.

Known method of modification of the local parameters of the ionospheric plasma by forming artificial plasma formation (IPO), provide periodic agitation and self-focusing of plasma waves, sparking off a high-frequency discharge (RF) in the ionospheric plasma. The method consists in periodic formation of artificial plasma formations with frequency useful low frequency signal. IPO was formed when the ignition is in the ionosphere of the RF discharge field beam of intense plasma waves ejected from the aircraft (meteorcity) small-size antenna plasma waves and amplitude modulated at a frequency of useful LF of a signal. This method allowed us to obtain the change in the density of plasma is more than 10 times, and streams of particles with an energy of about 3 Kev to increased more than three times the density at power generator pump W-1 kW. However, application of this method of influence, on the one hand, requires a certain level of hardware, and, on the other hand, it is impossible in the external ionosphere, where the ionospheric plasma density is insufficient for ignition of the RF discharge.

The most closest to the technical nature and the result achieved by the proposed invention is a method of modification of the parameters of the ionospheric plasma, protected by the patent RU 1702856 C1, publ. 30.04.1994,, CL NN 1/00, passed the closest analogue (prototype).

The way the prototype, includes the formation of an artificial plasma formations high-frequency discharge in the field of on-Board high-frequency source. At the same time with high-frequency discharge form divergent acoustic shock waves through the creation in the field of high-frequency discharge time series of explosions single charge. By increasing energy input in artificial plasma formation increased the size of the field modifications, depth and velocity modulation of plasma parameters.

Advantage and a common feature of the proposed invention is the formation of divergent shock waves through explosions of release that leads to the redistribution of ionospheric plasma and forming artificial plazmennykh formations.

However, the way the prototype in principle not directed on excitation of pulsed electromagnetic fields, but only implements, in fact, the separation region of the RF discharge by the explosion of the actuator, thus increasing the dimensions of the modified plasma. The magnetic field on the front of a shock wave in this way increases by approximately background values of the geomagnetic field, and vortex electric field generated by the change in the magnetic field, does not exceed 1 V/m for typical parameters of influence. In addition, the basic need of ignition of the RF discharge makes it impossible to use this method in the external ionosphere and/or in the magnetosphere of the Earth, because RF discharge difficult to implement at altitudes of more than 200 km from the low background density environment.

The objective of the invention is supposed creation of artificial plasma formation and generation of pulsed electromagnetic fields.

The technical result from the use of the invention consists in increasing power pulsed electromagnetic fields, improve the efficiency of the studies of the near-earth space, LF radio and jamming.

The task is achieved by the modification of the ionospheric plasma, including the formation of artificial plasma formations due to the shock waves radiating out from the places of explosions separate cutter shooting cutter produce from the media in radial directions, forming divergent shock waves is carried out by the simultaneous explosion of all the cutter, with plasma formation with excited in him pulsed electromagnetic fields form in the Central area of impact due to the converging shock wave formed in the result of closing the fronts of individual explosions, shooting cutter produce from the media in radial directions in the plane orthogonal to the geomagnetic field, formation of divergent shock waves is carried out by the simultaneous explosion of all squibs, located to the time of the explosion on the ring, while plasma formation of cylindrical form with excited in him pulsed electromagnetic fields form in the axial region of the ring due to converging quasicylindrical shock waves formed as a result of closing the fronts from separate explosions explosion cutter carry on several coaxial rings; shooting cutter produce from the media in radial directions with spherical symmetry, the formation of divergent shock waves is carried out by the simultaneous explosion of all squibs, located to the time of the explosion on the field, with plasma formation of spherical shape with excited in him pulsed electromagnetic fields form in the Central area of the sphere at the expense of quasi-spherical converging shock waves formed as a result of closing the fronts of individual explosions, explosive impact resulting in the simultaneous formation of several divergent shock waves close, due to the special geometry of influence, in the converging shock wave, carried out in the upper ionosphere of the Earth (at altitudes of 300-700 km from the Earth surface).

Figure 1 shows the geometry of the impact of a point explosion, located on the ring, where: a - axis coordinates, b - schematic depiction of the converging shock wave of the explosion eight squibs, located on the ring of radius r 0 .

Figure 2 shows the geometry of the impact of the six point explosion, located on the sphere of radius R 0 , till the moment of closing of fronts from separate explosions.

Figure 3 shows the structure of the azimuthal components of the disturbed geomagnetic field from the individual point of explosion.

Figure 4 table 1, showing the dependence of the attainable values of pressure, magnetic and electric fields in artificial plasma formation of parameters of influence.

The modification of the ionosphere plasma includes the formation of an artificial plasma formations due to the shock waves radiating out from the places of explosions separate charge.

Shooting cutter produce from the media in radial directions.

The formation of divergent shock waves is carried out by the simultaneous explosion of all charge.

Plasma formation with excited in him pulsed electromagnetic fields form in the Central area of influence at the expense of converging shock waves formed as a result of closing the fronts from separate explosions.

Shooting cutter can produce, for example, from the media in radial directions in the plane orthogonal to the geomagnetic field, with the formation of divergent shock waves is carried out by the simultaneous explosion of all squibs, located to the time of the explosion on the ring, and plasma formation of cylindrical form with excited in him pulsed electromagnetic fields form in the axial region of the ring due to converging quasicylindrical shock waves formed as a result of closing the fronts from separate explosions.

The explosion of the cutter can perform on several coaxial rings.

Shooting cutter can produce, for example, from the media in radial directions with spherical symmetry, with the formation of divergent shock waves is carried out by the simultaneous explosion of all squibs, located to the time of the explosion on the field and plasma formation of spherical shape with excited in him pulsed electromagnetic fields form in the Central area of the sphere at the expense of quasi-spherical converging shock waves formed as a result of closing the fronts from separate explosions.

The explosive effect, which leads to the simultaneous formation of several divergent shock waves close, due to the special geometry of influence, in the converging shock wave, carried out in the upper ionosphere of the Earth (at altitudes of 300-700 km from the Earth surface).

The proposed modification of the ionospheric plasma is as follows.

From the Ground or from an aircraft produce a run of cassettes squib. After the release of tapes in a given point of the Earth's ionosphere, for example on the heights of 300-700 km from the Earth's surface, producing the shooting of several squibs in the radial direction and at a certain point in time carry out simultaneous explosion of all charge.

The resulting formation of a United front of converging shock waves in the axial region of the ring due to the effect of cumulation is a significant growth of the hydrodynamic parameters - density, pressure, temperature plasma. If the speed of the front of the converging shock wave is large enough (this is the first of requirements to parameters of influence), the magnetic field moves with the particles of the plasma at the expense of the so-called effect of "here RQ" magnetic fields in the plasma and increases significantly in the center of the ring. In turn, the rapid change of the magnetic field in the Central region of the ring results in the generation of strong eddy electric field.

For estimations, you can use theory of point explosion to describe the shock wave at the initial stage, as long as the fronts from separate explosions is not closed. As is known, the plasma is taken from the area of the explosion, while the hydrodynamic characteristics of the plasma on the front of a shock wave front velocity is determined by theory of strong (back pressure) of point explosion [Korobeynikov VP problems of theory of point explosion. - M: Nauka, 1985, 186 S.] as follows

where p FR - pressure at the shock front, FR V and r FR - velocity and radius of the front, W - deposition of energy of the explosion, p 0 is the density of the background environment, the gamma the adiabatic exponent, α and? is the dimensionless coefficients, taking into account the influence of thermal conductivity (for air g=1,4,?=0,5,?=0,8). The condition of strong shock waves to the moment of closing of separate fronts of shock waves is the second requirement imposed on the conditions of exposure.

The magnetic field under the condition V FR >>c 2 (σ -1 ) Mach /4π r FR (Sigma conductivity tensor), according to the effect of "here RQ", taken from the area of the explosion. Figure 2 shows obtained by the authors [Kurina LE, G.A. Markov The explosive impact on the resonance radiobased in the ionosphere of the Earth. Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 2006, Vol.46, no. 6, s] structure of the azimuthal components of the perturbed magnetic field within the area bounded by the shock wave front. Calculations show that leap azimuthal components of the magnetic field on the front of a shock wave is equal

where H 0 - background geomagnetic field. For air ΔH q ≈2H 0 .

Leap azimuthal components, as we know, leads to the generation of a vortex electric current with a linear density

The review's true as long as the fronts of the shock waves from a separate explosions is not closed, what will happen when the radius front individual explosion reaches the value

where N is the number of cutters on ring of radius r 0 .

After the unification of fronts to rough estimations, you can use theory of converging shock waves. On the basis of the obvious requirements of the law of conservation of energy, the growth of plasma parameters on the front of a strong converging shock wave is determined by the expression [Chester U. problems of mechanics. No 4. / Translated from English. Edited Haradinaj., So His Pocket. -M: IL, 1963, pp.118]~

a factor of

where a is the value of characteristics, S - diminishing area of the front of the converging shock wave. For ionosphere law cumulative growth results in relationship

a factor of

for the case of cylindrical front of the converging shock wave and to

a factor of

for the case of spherical front of the converging shock wave (here r sh - radius front converging shock waves measured from the axis, see Figure 1). It follows that in the case of spherical symmetry of explosive effect is much more rapid growth of pressure and electromagnetic fields, which is of greater interest for the purposes of jamming. The case of cylindrical symmetry of the impact is of interest for the purposes of formation of a plasma waveguide, elongated along the geomagnetic field, and an awakening of pulsed electromagnetic fields for the directed transmission of electromagnetic radiation.

To obtain numerical estimates will return to the case of cylindrical symmetry. The merger of fronts from separate explosions, surface current in converging quasicylindrical front of a shock wave, creates the increasing magnetic field H z , which in the paraxial region can be assessed in accordance with

the law cumulative growth (2).

Note that the contribution of the current flowing through the external divergent United front of a shock wave in a magnetic field in the center you can ignore if the radius of the ring is much greater than the radius of the converging shock wave (r 0 >>r sh ), which obviously runs under the terms of the impact.

Rapidly increasing magnetic field in the Central region of the ring, in turn, generates induction vortex electric field, which can be assessed known

In the result of the above effects on ionospheric plasma on the axis of the ring formed the modified characteristics of a plasma with the characteristic transverse to the geomagnetic field with the size, the order of the radius of converging shock waves l chosen ~r sh , and the longitudinal size of the order of the radius of the front divergent shock wave from a separate explosion l || ~r FR (see Figure 1). In the field modifications are excited magnetic field H z , and E & Phi; considerable intensity. In view of the obvious requirement r cx <<r FR region modification has a cylindrical shape, elongated in direction of the geomagnetic field. Thus, creating a plasma waveguide, along which can be distributed Elektromagnitnye waves that carry the signal.

To increase the longitudinal size of such waveguide is reasonable to carry out an explosive impact on several parallelnyh coaxial rings, thus attained fold increase of the longitudinal size of the area modifications, i.e. actually the length of the plasma waveguide.

Table 1 shows the numerical estimates of achievable values of pressure, magnetic and electric fields in the axial region of the rings, designed for two heights impacts h, equal to 300 and 500 km For calculations of the influence parameters were selected as follows: 8 or 16 cutters, weighing 10 grams each, which is equivalent energy of an individual explosion W approximately 40 kJ, exploded in the moment of scattering on the ring, the radius of which took different values of r 0 .

It is important to note that the values of the radius of the ring r is 0 , which was carried out effect, the number of release and their weights were chosen so that met two requirements on the influence parameters:

1) the shock wave from a separate explosions by the moment of closing the fronts remained strong, i.e. for calculations were fair balance (1);

2) speed of fronts from separate explosions by the moment of closing the fronts were great enough was done condition "here RQ" magnetic fields in the plasma.

For numerical estimates reasonably limit the transverse size of the field of converging shock waves up to several metres, still with a large margin can be neglected dissipativnye effects. Estimates are given for the values of the radius of convergence of cylindrical shock wave r CX =1 m and 10 m

The invention may have the following practical application:

Formation on the heights of external ionosphere of the Earth artificial plasma formations waveguide type and excitement in it pulsed electromagnetic fields considerable intensity, implements technical possibility of directed transmission of electromagnetic energy, including tasks far LF radio, and increases the efficiency of the studies of the Earth's magnetosphere, creating an effective source of electromagnetic radiation.

Excited by pulsed electromagnetic fields of high intensity in the upper layers of the ionosphere allows, in order jamming, disrupt regular operation of electronic equipment, have appeared in the Central region of explosive effect with spherical symmetry.

1. The modification of the ionosphere plasma, including the formation of artificial plasma formations due to the shock waves radiating out from the places of explosions separate cutter, characterized in that shooting cutter produce from the media in radial directions, forming divergent shock waves carry out by simultaneous explosion of all the cutter, with plasma formation with excited in him pulsed electromagnetic fields form in the Central area of influence at the expense of converging shock waves formed as a result of closing the fronts from separate explosions.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that shooting cutter produce from the media in radial directions in the plane orthogonal to the geomagnetic field, formation of divergent shock waves is carried out by the simultaneous explosion of all squibs, located to the time of the explosion on the ring, while plasma formation of cylindrical form with excited in him pulsed electromagnetic fields form in the axial region of the ring due to converging quasicylindrical shock waves formed as a result of closing the fronts from separate explosions.

3. The method of claim 2, characterized in that the explosion cutter carried out on several coaxial rings.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that shooting cutter produce from the media in radial directions with spherical symmetry, the formation of divergent shock waves is carried out by the simultaneous explosion of all squibs, located to the time of the explosion on the field, with plasma formation of spherical shape with excited in him pulsed electromagnetic fields form in the Central area of the sphere at the expense of quasi-spherical converging shock waves formed as a result of closing the fronts from separate explosions.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosive effect, which leads to the simultaneous formation of several divergent shock waves close, due to the special geometry of influence, in the converging shock wave, carried out in the upper ionosphere of the Earth (at altitudes of 300-700 km from the Earth surface).