Loose material separator

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: proposed separator comprises loading tray with grooved feed roller arranged at its outlet, it grooves being arranged around and long roller rotational axis, scraper located under the roller, deflector plate and separated product intake arranged thereunder. Said deflector is arranged under feed roller and composed of endless chain arranged at an angle to horizontal. Separated product intake is composed of rectangular box accommodating two separation plates located along the particle deflection path and in symmetry therewith. Separation baffles arranged across the particle deflection path are mounted between said separation plates. Spacing between separation plates increases as their distance from endless chain increases. Spacing between separation plates decreases as their distance from endless chain increases. Top edges of separation plates and separation baffles are made of resilient material.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of separation.

2 cl, 3 dwg

The present invention relates to a technique for separating granular materials of elasticity and can be used in agriculture when cleaning seed crops from inseparable impurities.

The known device for separating bulk materials on elastic properties containing feeder-dispenser for single-piece feed of the reflective plate and the inclination of 22°30' and receivers separation products [Bunny L.M., Maznev G. Separation of seeds on the complex physico-mechanical properties. - M.: Kolos, 1978, s-88].

The main disadvantage of the known devices is the low efficiency of the separation process bulk materials due to the deviation of the longitudinal axis of the particles of the granular material from the trajectory of their movement at a certain angle, resulting in the distance flying particles with the same elastic properties after the rebound from the reflective plate, varies within wide limits, as well as poor performance, due to the need for single-piece feed of the separated material on the reflective plate.

Known separator, including the hopper, which are reflective plate and receiver separation products with partitions. Partitions in the receiver are located along the trajectory of the particles after reflection and symmetrically with respect to m is a hundred feed material on the reflective plate, the distance between the walls increases as the distance from the reflective plate (SU # 1722623 A1, WV 13/00, 20.03.1992).

The disadvantage of the separator is low separation efficiency, caused by the collision of the flow of particles moving to the reflective plate, the particle flux, reflected from the reflective plate.

Closest to the claimed technical solution according to function and effect is achieved is a separator for separating bulk materials, including the hopper, the output of which is mounted a grooved feed roller, the grooves which are arranged around and along the axis of rotation of the roller. Above the platen has a scraper mounted on the front wall of the loading hopper sloping plate is made rectilinear inclined with the ability to change the angle and fixed to the rear wall of the hopper. To the bottom of the sloped plate attached perforated guide plate mounted with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination. Under the guide of the perforated plate installed reflective plate angle 70-85°, below which the receivers are located separation products (RU # 2399436 C1, VW 13/00, 20.09.2010).

A disadvantage of the known device for separating bulk materials is the low efficiency of the awn division, because at the stage of collecting separated particles inevitably occurs secondary mixing of the particles, characterized by the angle of rebound.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of separation of bulk materials on the elastic properties and the reduction of traumatization germ of grains.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known separator for separating bulk materials containing hopper, the output of which is grooved feed roller, the grooves which are arranged around and along the axis of rotation, over roller scraper is, the reflective element, under which the receivers are located separation products, according to the invention the reflective element is located under the feed roll and is made in the form of a moving endless belts located at an angle to the horizontal, the receiver separation products are made in the form of a rectangular box, which has two dividers that are located along the path of reflection of particles and symmetrically this trajectory, between the separating plates set of dividing plates arranged across the path of reflection of particles, the distance between the separating plates increases as the distance from the moving endless Les is you, and the distance between the dividing walls decreases with distance from the moving endless belt, the upper edge of the separator plates and partitions made of elastic material.

Distinctive features of the proposed device are a new form of the structural elements, namely the execution of the reflective element in the form of a moving endless belts located at an angle to the horizontal, and performing receivers separation products in the form of a rectangular box, in which you installed dividers and partitions along and across the path of reflection of particles from the moving endless belts.

Execution of the reflective element under the supply roller in the form of a moving endless belt at an angle to the horizontal dotted provides an isolated particle motion after reflection, reduces travmirovannomu germ of grains, stabilizes the kinematic characteristics of the motion of particles and thereby increases the efficiency of the separator for the separation of bulk materials. As the reflective element is in motion and at an angle, the particles at the moment of hitting the tape is not in contact with each other and with the reflection from it maintains the separation of particle shape, size, density, elastic and aerodynam the ical properties. When the shock of the separation angle of reflection from a moving endless belt is equal to the angle of incidence for an ideal homogeneous particles and deviates from this equation for a particle of any shape or non-uniform.

Performing the separating elements in the form of plates, acting as selectors, along the path of reflection of particles and symmetrically with respect to the inlet on the moving endless tape enables you to distinguish between the plates of homogeneous particles, and on both sides of the dividing partitions inhomogeneous particles. This embodiment of the receiver separation products can reduce the influence on the separation process of the anisotropy of the elastic properties of the particles and the ratio of the instantaneous friction at impact, which leads to improving the quality of separation of the grain mixture. Perform upper edges of the plates and walls of elastic material reduces travmirovannomu caryopses.

Thus the identified distinguishing features of the claimed device in conjunction with the known characteristics give the above technical result. A comparison of the proposed separator for separating bulk materials with prototype allowed us to establish the criterion of "novelty". The claimed invention meets the criterion of "industrial applicability", as it can be used is about agriculture.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a cross section of the separator, and figure 2 - view of "A" figure 1, figure 3 - top view.

Separator for separating bulk materials contains hopper 1 with a front wall 2, to the lower part of which is attached scraper 3. At the outlet from the hopper 1 is mounted a grooved feed roller 4, the grooves 5 which are arranged around and along the axis of rotation of the supply roller 4. The scraper 3 is mounted above the platen 4, which angle to a horizontal set of endless moving belt 6 with the lead 7 and led 8 reels. Below under the belt 6 is the receiver 9 separation products, made in the form of rectangular boxes. In the receiver 9 products division has two dividing plates 10 located along the path of reflection of particles and symmetrically this trajectory, interconnected by means of screw connection 11. Between the separating plates 10 is installed dividers 12, located across the path of reflection of particles interconnected by means of screw connection 13. The distance between the separating plates 10 increases as the distance from the moving endless belts 6. The distance between the dividing walls 12 decreases as the distance from the tape 6. The top is their edge separator plates 10 and partitions 12 is made of elastic material. The separation plate 10 and the partition 12 is installed with the possibility to adjust the distance between them.

The inventive separator for separating granular materials is as follows.

The original bulk material flows chaotically into the hopper 1, which falls on the rotating supply roller 4, where the particles are placed in a single layer with its longitudinal axis along the grooves 5, and the scraper 3 output removes excess loose material. After passing the scraper 3 particles of the bulk material under the action of gravity out of the grooves 5 of the supply roller 4 and falling on a vertical trajectory with the orientation of the longitudinal axis of the particles is perpendicular to the trajectory of the fall on the plane of the moving endless belt 6, are reflected from it and depending on the elasticity arrive in the receivers separation products 9. Uniform particles fall between separating plates 10 and inhomogeneous particles on both sides of the separator plates, and between the dividing walls 12 are allocated homogeneous elastic properties of a particle.

The use of the claimed invention improves the efficiency of the separation process in 1,5-2 times and reduce injury to the germ of grains in 2-2,5 times.

1. Separator for separating bulk materials containing hopper on which the exits the which has grooved feed roller, the grooves which are arranged around and along the axis of rotation of the roller, scraper, located above the platen, a reflective element, which is located receiver separation products, characterized in that the reflective element is located under the feed roll and is made in the form of a moving endless belts located at an angle to the horizontal, the receiver separation products are made in the form of a rectangular box, which has two dividers that are located along the path of reflection of particles and symmetrically the path between the separating plates set of dividing plates arranged across the path of reflection of particles, the distance between the separating plates increases as the distance from moving an endless belt, and the distance between the dividing walls decreases with distance from the moving endless belt, the upper edge of the separator plates and partitions made of elastic material.

2. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating plates and partitions installed with possibility of adjustment of the distance between them.