Device for protection against emergency leak in heat recovery boiler |
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IPC classes for russian patent Device for protection against emergency leak in heat recovery boiler (RU 2513935):
 Method of producing sulphuric acid and apparatus for realising said method / 2457173
Invention relates to chemistry. To obtain sulphuric acid, a starting gas containing SO2, which is obtained in an apparatus for producing sulphuric acid, is passed through at least one reactor in which catalytic oxidation of SO2 to SO3 takes place. The formed SO3 is converted to sulphuric acid. At least a portion of the gas stream containing SO2, coming out of the apparatus for producing sulphuric acid, is hydrogenated with a gas containing H2. The gas stream containing H2S, which is formed during hydrogenation, is fed into a H2S scrubber for obtaining coke gas or into a petrochemical installation. The apparatus for realising the method has an apparatus 1 for producing sulphuric acid, having at least one reactor 9 for catalytic oxidation of SO2 to SO3 and an absorber 12 with sulphuric acid, a further processing section 17 having a hydrogenation reactor 20 into which at least one partial stream of a gas stream 16, coming from the apparatus for producing sulphuric acid, is fed. The apparatus also has a scrubber linked with the section 17, wherein the scrubber is part of the apparatus for cleaning the coke gas.
 Method and apparatus for catalytic oxidation of so2-containing gases with oxygen / 2456232
Invention relates to an apparatus for continuous catalytic full or partial oxidation of an initial gas containing sulphur dioxide and oxygen. The apparatus has at least one tubular contacting apparatus behind which one or more contacting stages and one or more absorbers are connected. The tubular contacting apparatus is a standing heat-exchanger made of several tubes with a double jacket, having inner and outer tubes. The inner tubes are filled with a catalyst and the space between the inner and outer tubes is meant to transfer heat around the inner tube through a medium directed by parallel flow.
 Method and apparatus for producing sulphuric acid / 2406691
Invention relates to chemistry and can be used to produce sulphuric acid. Gas containing SO2 is passed through at least one contact step in a converter until SO3 is obtained. The obtained process gas is tapped from the converter and fed into a heat recuperation apparatus. Water which is first dearated in a deaerator, preferably at feed temperature of 20-90°C is fed into the hear recuperation apparatus. Water vapour is formed from the feed water owing to heat of the process gas. The process gas is fed into an absorber where SO3 is absorbed by sulphuric acid. Temperature of the feed water fed into the heat recuperation apparatus during production of water vapour is higher than temperature of the process gas coming into the absorber.
 Method for preparation of sulphur trioxide and device thereof / 2367594
Initial reaction gas mixture containing sulphur dioxide and oxygen passes through at least two arranged in-line catalyst layer with alternately changing in cyclic mode the direction of the reaction gas mixture inlet and outlet to/from every layer. The feed of reaction gas mixture to one of the catalyst layers is increased up to maximal value with following feed decrease up to complete cease in the moment of the gas movement direction change in the layer; the feed of reaction gas mixture is simultaneously decreased in the same cycle up to complete cease, then direction of gas movement is changed and cycle is repeated. The total flow of reaction gas mixture fed and withdrawn to/from corresponding catalyst layers is maintained constant due to time displacement of the moment of the gas movement direction change in every layer. Method is implemented in contact apparatus containing body 1 with connections 12 and 13 for reaction gas mixture inlet and outlet, central column 5 coaxially positioned in the body and connected with connections as well as at least two gridworks 3 with catalyst located between body and column throughout the height. The vertical power shaft 9 is coaxially located in the cavity of the central column 5 and provided with control valves 6 fixed on the shaft The amount of the control valves 6 is equal to amount of the gridworks with catalyst separated with separating partition-wall 11. Every valve is designed as hollow cylinder with windows 10 connected with connections for reaction gas mixture inlet and outlet and provided with inclined inner partition-wall 8 separating the valve cavity In two neighbour valves the windows and inclined partition-walls are turned about on the shaft relative to each other at angle 90°.
 Method of parallel oxidation of sulfur dioxide and its application for producing tetrabromphthalic anhydride / 2351536
Invention refers to methods of producing sulphur trioxide and tetrabromphthalic anhydride. Sulphur trioxide is produced by method involving that the first gas flow containing SO2, SO3 and oxygen and/or air, is supplied to vanadium-containing catalyst layer wherein SO2 is oxidised in SO3, and the second gas flow containing sulphur trioxide is isolated. This method is improved with supplying evaporated sulphur to the first gas flow, so produced mixture is supplied through considerable part of catalyst layer then exposed at one or more temperatures within approximately 450 to 700°C. Sulphur is oxidised to SO2. Consequently the second gas flow isolated from lower tail end of catalyst layer is enriched with sulphur trioxide to be used for producing compounds, such as tetrabromphthalic anhydride.
Method of parallel oxidation of sulfur dioxide and its application for producing tetrabromphthalic anhydride / 2351536
Invention refers to methods of producing sulphur trioxide and tetrabromphthalic anhydride. Sulphur trioxide is produced by method involving that the first gas flow containing SO2, SO3 and oxygen and/or air, is supplied to vanadium-containing catalyst layer wherein SO2 is oxidised in SO3, and the second gas flow containing sulphur trioxide is isolated. This method is improved with supplying evaporated sulphur to the first gas flow, so produced mixture is supplied through considerable part of catalyst layer then exposed at one or more temperatures within approximately 450 to 700°C. Sulphur is oxidised to SO2. Consequently the second gas flow isolated from lower tail end of catalyst layer is enriched with sulphur trioxide to be used for producing compounds, such as tetrabromphthalic anhydride.
Method for preparation of sulphur trioxide and device thereof / 2367594
Initial reaction gas mixture containing sulphur dioxide and oxygen passes through at least two arranged in-line catalyst layer with alternately changing in cyclic mode the direction of the reaction gas mixture inlet and outlet to/from every layer. The feed of reaction gas mixture to one of the catalyst layers is increased up to maximal value with following feed decrease up to complete cease in the moment of the gas movement direction change in the layer; the feed of reaction gas mixture is simultaneously decreased in the same cycle up to complete cease, then direction of gas movement is changed and cycle is repeated. The total flow of reaction gas mixture fed and withdrawn to/from corresponding catalyst layers is maintained constant due to time displacement of the moment of the gas movement direction change in every layer. Method is implemented in contact apparatus containing body 1 with connections 12 and 13 for reaction gas mixture inlet and outlet, central column 5 coaxially positioned in the body and connected with connections as well as at least two gridworks 3 with catalyst located between body and column throughout the height. The vertical power shaft 9 is coaxially located in the cavity of the central column 5 and provided with control valves 6 fixed on the shaft The amount of the control valves 6 is equal to amount of the gridworks with catalyst separated with separating partition-wall 11. Every valve is designed as hollow cylinder with windows 10 connected with connections for reaction gas mixture inlet and outlet and provided with inclined inner partition-wall 8 separating the valve cavity In two neighbour valves the windows and inclined partition-walls are turned about on the shaft relative to each other at angle 90°.
Method and apparatus for producing sulphuric acid / 2406691
Invention relates to chemistry and can be used to produce sulphuric acid. Gas containing SO2 is passed through at least one contact step in a converter until SO3 is obtained. The obtained process gas is tapped from the converter and fed into a heat recuperation apparatus. Water which is first dearated in a deaerator, preferably at feed temperature of 20-90°C is fed into the hear recuperation apparatus. Water vapour is formed from the feed water owing to heat of the process gas. The process gas is fed into an absorber where SO3 is absorbed by sulphuric acid. Temperature of the feed water fed into the heat recuperation apparatus during production of water vapour is higher than temperature of the process gas coming into the absorber.
Method and apparatus for catalytic oxidation of so2-containing gases with oxygen / 2456232
Invention relates to an apparatus for continuous catalytic full or partial oxidation of an initial gas containing sulphur dioxide and oxygen. The apparatus has at least one tubular contacting apparatus behind which one or more contacting stages and one or more absorbers are connected. The tubular contacting apparatus is a standing heat-exchanger made of several tubes with a double jacket, having inner and outer tubes. The inner tubes are filled with a catalyst and the space between the inner and outer tubes is meant to transfer heat around the inner tube through a medium directed by parallel flow.
Method of producing sulphuric acid and apparatus for realising said method / 2457173
Invention relates to chemistry. To obtain sulphuric acid, a starting gas containing SO2, which is obtained in an apparatus for producing sulphuric acid, is passed through at least one reactor in which catalytic oxidation of SO2 to SO3 takes place. The formed SO3 is converted to sulphuric acid. At least a portion of the gas stream containing SO2, coming out of the apparatus for producing sulphuric acid, is hydrogenated with a gas containing H2. The gas stream containing H2S, which is formed during hydrogenation, is fed into a H2S scrubber for obtaining coke gas or into a petrochemical installation. The apparatus for realising the method has an apparatus 1 for producing sulphuric acid, having at least one reactor 9 for catalytic oxidation of SO2 to SO3 and an absorber 12 with sulphuric acid, a further processing section 17 having a hydrogenation reactor 20 into which at least one partial stream of a gas stream 16, coming from the apparatus for producing sulphuric acid, is fed. The apparatus also has a scrubber linked with the section 17, wherein the scrubber is part of the apparatus for cleaning the coke gas.
 Device for protection against emergency leak in heat recovery boiler / 2513935
Invention relates to the method of protection against an emergency leak of heat recovery boilers in sulphuric acid systems. The device of protection against an emergency leak of the heat recovery boiler in the plant of sulphuric acid production includes an air blower with a unit of emergency trip of a motor, at the same time it additionally comprises a cooled bypass flue with a temperature sensor and a controller, at the same time the bypass flue is installed in any point of the gas tract of the sulphuric acid system between the outlet from the heat recovery boiler and the outlet from the gas heat exchanger after the first stage of contact, the inlet of the controller is connected with the temperature sensor of the bypass gas flue, and the outlet - with the unit of emergency trip of the air blower motor.
 Method of producing sulfuric acid or oleum / 2519396
Invention relates to field of chemistry. Method of production of sulfuric acid or oleum contains the following stages: (a) raw material gas production; (b) passing raw material gas through the first stage of SO2 to SO3 conversion; (c) cooling SO3-containing gas; (d) supply of gas to the stage of intermediate condensation of sulfuric acid, where SO3-containing gas is cooled with condensation of sulfuric acid in air-cooled tubes, in which SO3 gas moves downward, whereas cooling air in contraflow moves to the top of intermediate condenser, and in which said air is supplied from the contour of air recirculation, connected with said intermediate condenser, and discharge of the flow of condensed sulfuric acid or oleum, as well as gas flow, containing unconverted SO2 and uncondensed SO3 and H2SO4, from the bottom of intermediate condenser; (e) supply of water and oxygen into gas flow from intermediate condenser, which contains unconverted SO2 and uncondensed SO3 and H2SO4, by addition of air, discharged from said contour of air recirculation, to this gas flow; (f) reheating gas flow obtained from stage (e) and supply of this gas to the second stage of SO2 conversion and further supply of gas to the final stage of condensation; (g) supply of solid particles into gas before or after its cooling in accordance with stage (f).
Apparatus for oxidising sulphur dioxide / 2521626
Apparatus has an air blower (1), a furnace (7) for burning sulphur-containing material, an exhaust-heat boiler (6) with evaporation elements, a contact apparatus (3) with five catalyst beds, two steam superheaters (4), (5), a gas-air heat exchanger (2) and an economiser (8). The second steam superheater (5) is connected to the gas stream output after the second catalyst bed of the contact apparatus (3) and the input of the third catalyst bed. The input of the gas-air heat exchanger (2) is connected via a gas passage to the output of the third catalyst bed. The output of the fourth catalyst bed of the contact apparatus (3) is connected to a compressor. The output of the fifth catalyst bed is connected to the economiser (8). Water enters the economiser from a feed unit (9).
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FIELD: heating. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the method of protection against an emergency leak of heat recovery boilers in sulphuric acid systems. The device of protection against an emergency leak of the heat recovery boiler in the plant of sulphuric acid production includes an air blower with a unit of emergency trip of a motor, at the same time it additionally comprises a cooled bypass flue with a temperature sensor and a controller, at the same time the bypass flue is installed in any point of the gas tract of the sulphuric acid system between the outlet from the heat recovery boiler and the outlet from the gas heat exchanger after the first stage of contact, the inlet of the controller is connected with the temperature sensor of the bypass gas flue, and the outlet - with the unit of emergency trip of the air blower motor. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 3 dwg
The invention relates to a method of protection against accidental leakage of waste heat boilers in sulfuric acid systems and can be used in chemical and metallurgical industries. The problem of protecting the boiler from accidental leaks is very important due to the fact that the flow of boiler in sulfuric acid system causes the ingress of large amounts of moisture in the process gas stream, thereby causing irregularities in the contact apparatus, gas heat exchangers and absorption towers. In the drying-absorption offices is dilution and heating of the sulfuric acid in the acid cycles, increase emissions of sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide and sulphuric acid mist in the atmosphere with the exhaust gases. In waste heat boilers operating in conditions of high temperatures and pressures, flow, appearing in one tube evaporative elements of the recovery boiler, progresses rapidly due to damage to adjacent tubes evaporation of elements from the steam-water jet shot out with great speed out of the hole of the damaged tube. Delay in stopping the sulfuric acid system in this situation causes serious mechanical damage to the evaporative elements and pattern of recovery boilers, increased corrosion of the gas exchangers, refrigerators sulfuric key is lots as well as significant emissions of harmful gases into the atmosphere. Operational shutdown of the sulfuric acid system in this case can significantly minimize the negative consequences of this emergency. The closest to describing the technical essence and the achieved result is known device for emergency protection of the waste-heat boiler in the manufacture of sulfuric acid, protected by the RF patent №1458316, CL C01B 17/76, G05D 27/00. Device for emergency protection of the boiler contains the block emergency stop of the motor of the blower, the temperature sensor at the entrance to the absorption unit, measuring the rate of change of temperature, the two units compare, items, And and two blocks of the task. The device operates as follows. The temperature of the gas stream before absorption unit, when the leakage of the waste heat boiler, rises sharply due to the additional heat generated by the Association of water vapor with sulfur trioxide with vapors of sulfuric acid by the following equation: H2Ocouples+SO3(gas)=H2SO4(pairs)+Q Full Association of H2O and SO3in pairs of sulfuric acid occurs only at relatively low temperatures of the gas stream (less than 250°C). In the sulfuric acid system, the flue before absorption, the temperature of the gases is th flow is reduced to 200-250°C, when the Association process water vapor and sulfur trioxide occurs almost entirely with the release of a large amount of heat. When technological change the mode of operation of the sulfuric acid system gas load or concentration of sulfur dioxide in front of the contact apparatus, the temperature change of the gas stream before entering the absorption separation occurs slowly at a rate of about 1°C for 20-30 minutes. If there is a sharp increase in the temperature of the process gas prior to absorption, it indicates a leak of water from the boiler in the process gas stream. In this case, you must stop the sulfuric acid system. With increasing gas temperature measured by the sensor, by more than 10°C the unit of comparison generates a control signal, and when the increasing rate of change of this temperature generated by the meter at the output of comparison, also produces the control signal. These two control signal received at the inputs of the element And which sends a signal to the block and thereby stops the blower and stops the air supply to the unit. The device was used in acid systems, not having in the 1-St stage of conversion contact the Department of economizers and steam generators. In modern conditions of the sulfuric acid C what topics should be energotechnological, i.e. in addition to receiving the sulfuric acid they must release energy pairs. In this regard, these include economizers and steam generators. While the known device cannot be applied in such systems, a higher efficiency of heat removal (more than 3 times compared to gas heat exchangers). In this case, the occurrence of leakage of boiler Association and the condensation of the vapor of sulphuric acid with evolution of heat occurs already in the UE gas heat exchangers or steam generators, which are due to the higher efficiency of heat removal it is disposed, thereby leveling the effect of a sharp increase in the temperature of the gas stream before absorption. In addition, modern sulfuric acid system has mainly DCS, which software is incompatible with used in this device obsolete instrument design. Thus, the function of measuring the rate of change of temperature, two blocks comparison, items, And and two blocks task performs modern device controller. We were set a task to create a protection device against accidental leakage of the waste-heat boiler, which can be applied in modern sulfuric acid systems, which will improve equipment reliability, reduce operating costs, increase productivity, and is ensity emissions of harmful gases into the atmosphere. The technical result is achieved due to the proposed device, which includes a blower unit, an emergency stop of the engine, which further comprises a cooled bypass duct with temperature sensor and the controller, while the bypass flue installed at any point in the gas path of the sulfuric acid system between the exit of the boiler and the outlet of the gas heat exchanger after the first stage of contact, the input controller connected to the temperature sensor by-pass duct, and the output unit, emergency stop engine blower. Figure 1 shows the version of the proposed device for emergency protection of the boiler (the bypass duct is installed at the outlet of the boiler before the first reforming stage). The device includes a blower - 1, stove - 2, HRSG - 3, the first conversion stage - 4, the gas heat exchanger after the first stage of conversion - 5, cooled bypass duct temperature sensor 6, the controller 7 and the block emergency stop engine blower - 8. The device operates as follows. The air blower 1 is fed into the furnace 2, where the burning of sulphur. Process gas with a high temperature flows into the boiler 3. When the cooling gas is the formation of a pair. <> The cooled gas leaves the boiler. A small portion of it is sent to a cooled bypass duct 6, and most of that goes to the first conversion stage - 4, where the catalytic oxidation of SO2in SO3.After the first stage of the conversion gas containing SO2in SO3is cooled in the gas heat exchanger 5 is further cooled in the subsequent heat exchange equipment before entering the absorption of SO3. Upon the occurrence of a leak boiler - 3 increases the moisture content in the main process gas stream and, accordingly, in his small part, passed through a cooled bypass flue - 6. Consequently, in the output area cooled bypass flue - 6, where the gas temperature is reduced to 200-250°C, there is intense Association vapors of sulfuric acid with evolution of a large amount of heat and a corresponding sharp increase in the gas temperature measured by the sensor measuring the temperature prescribed in the by-pass flue - 6. The signal from the temperature sensor is fed to the controller 7. With increasing temperature more than 10°C and the speed of its growth by more than 1°C per minute in accordance with the software controller generates a control signal to block emergency stop engine blower - 8. Naris presented version of the proposed unit with cooled bypass duct after the first stage of contact. Figure 3 presents the option to install the proposed installation cooled bypass flue gas after heat exchanger after the first stage of the conversion. The use of the proposed device in modern technological systems (for example, in the process of obtaining sulfuric acid, protected by the RF patent №2201393, C01B 17/80 from 2001) will reduce the duration of non-productive downtime in the production cycle by 30-35%, which will increase the system performance, as well as 10-15% to reduce the emissions of harmful gases into the atmosphere. Protection device against accidental leakage of boiler in the plant for the production of sulfuric acid, including blower unit, emergency stop engine, characterized in that it further comprises a cooled bypass duct with temperature sensor and the controller, while the bypass flue installed at any point in the gas path of the sulfuric acid system between the exit of the boiler and the outlet of the gas heat exchanger after the first stage of contact, the input controller connected to the temperature sensor by-pass duct, and the output unit, emergency stop engine blower.
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