Method of distribution of agricultural crops on sloping lands. RU patent 2508623.
| Method of growing seedlings of fruit crops with intermediate insert / 2506739 Invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to fruit growing. When growing seedlings of fruit crops the intermediate weak insert is grafted at 3-4th year after the establishing of the garden. At that, the grafting is carried out on both sides of the bole with the bridge. After graft concretion the bole bark between the ends of the insert is removed. |
| Tiered method of accelerated reproduction of potato tubers / 2504141 Invention relates to the field of selection and primary seed breeding, in particular, to methods of reproduction of planting material. The method comprises the stimulation of growth of etiolated sprouts through cuts in the apical part and processing with the solution of thiourea. The tubers are germinated in dark at a temperature of 14-16°C and a relative air humidity of 90-95%. Detachment of apexes from basic etiolated sprouts of first order is carried out at the time of formation on the basic etiolated sprouts of the first order of 3-4 knots. During formation on the basic etiolated sprouts of the first order of 3-5 lateral etiolated sprouts of the second order and shoots of callus origin, tubers are planted in the soil. At that after planting the tubers are sprinkled with humus soil with the layer of 10 cm, and upon reaching the height of sprouts of 21-25 cm above the level of humus soil the sprouts are sprinkled with nutrient substrate of different density. The sprinkling is repeated several times upon reaching the height of sprouts of 21-25 cm above the substrate level. During sprinkling the tops of sprouts with length of 1-5 cm are left free over the substrate surface, and the substrate density is reduced with each sprinkling. |
 Therapeutic-and-preventive products production method / 2503271Invention relates to biotechnology and may be used for therapeutic-and-preventive products production. The therapeutic-and-preventive products production method involves the following stages: water steam generation, steam condensation to produce light water with deuterium content no more than 110 ppm and transfer of steam condensation energy to a liquid heat medium, light water usage for growing plants and/or animal breeding, the heat medium supply to a device for heating or cooling of the premises where plants are grown and/or animals are bred and such remises ventilation with water retrieved from air being improved. Water removed is additionally used for plant growing. |
 Method of maintaining sustained fruiting of apple tree and pear tree in severe climatic conditions / 2501205Invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular, to fruit growing. The method comprises the initial formation of a tree on a frost-resistant stembuilder. At that on the fruit-bearing tree, a backup young crown is formed, for this purpose, shoots from dormant buds are used, formed on the stembuilder after subfreezing. 2-3 well-placed strong sprouts are selected and left from shoots and that are formed in the vertical position. In the spring the desired breed is grafted on the selected developed shoots. The main old crown is thinned. After the first year of growth of the grafs one is left, and the rest are cut on the ring. After the final formation of the backup crown, the old crown is cut out. |
 Method of tandem cultivation of agricultural crops to increase production of food grains / 2498561Invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used in tandem cultivation of agricultural crops for increased wheat production. The method includes selection of the crops. The choice of the crops is based on phenological plasticity and resistance to temperature. Selection of the time interval. For the first crop it is 70-100 days, for the second crop it is 85-120 days. Sowing the second crop is carried out for 20 days or less after harvesting the first crop. |
| Method of breeding fig tree ficus sycomorus l / 2498560 Invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular, to the nursery. The method includes harvesting of cuttings, their processing with inducers of rhizogenesis followed by rooting in conditions of increased humidity and subsequent completion of growing. At that in the area of the cut of shoots the basal parts of cuttings are washed with hot water at a t=45-48°C for 30-45 min. Then, before using inducers of rhizogenesis the processing is conducted by soaking the basal parts of the cuttings in a solution of agents with antioxidant properties for 4-12 hours while the leaf unit of the cuttings is simultaneously sprayed with a solution of the agent Epin Extra. |
 Method of replication of horticultural crops of highest quality categories by method of desktop grafting / 2498559Invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used in breeding the horticultural crops, in particular for the production of plants of the highest quality categories. The method comprises performing the desktop grafting in the protected area. At that the rootstocks are prepared to grafting, planted into a container with the substrate and placed for regeneration. The aerial parts are cut at a height of 10 cm, the rootstocks are prepared, then cleft grafting is carried out. The places of fastening the components of grafting are tied up; the grafted plant is placed for completion of growing to standard, the aerial part of the plant is cut for use in replication. The root system is not subject to washing, drying and explosion to light, and grafting is carried out for a vegetative rootstock in the protected area. |
| Mulching composition (versions) / 2497914 Invention relates to compositions for mulching different types of soil, lawn and parking areas. The mulching composition contains, wt %: lignosulphonate 0.1-0.4, carbamide 0.2-0.6, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose 0.3-0.4, potassium chloride 1-3, and as natural additives - Jungermanniales moss 10-15 and Larix ochotensis larch needles 8-9 or 9.1-9.5 or 9.8-11, water - the balance. |
| Mulching composition (versions) / 2497913 Invention relates to compositions for mulching different types of soil, lawn and parking areas. The mulching composition contains, wt %: lignosulphonate 0.1-0.4, carbamide 0.2-0.6, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose 0.3-0.4, potassium chloride 1-3, and as natural additives - Bryopsida moss 10-15 and Larix gmelinii larch needles 8-9 or 9.1-9.5 or 9.8-11, water - the balance. |
| Mulching composition (versions) / 2497912 Invention relates to compositions for mulching different types of soil, lawn and parking areas. The mulching composition contains, wt %: lignosulphonate 0.1-0.4, carbamide 0.2-0.6, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose 0.3-0.4, potassium chloride 1-3, and as natural additives - Hymenophytum moss 10-15 and Larix Lariciana larch needles 8-9 or 9.1-9.5 or 9.8-11, water - the balance. |
| Mulching composition (versions) / 2508350 Mulching composition contains lignosulphonate, carbamide, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose, potassium chloride and, as natural additives, Pellia endiviifolia moss and Larix middendorffii larch needles, and water in the following ratios, wt %: lignosulphonate 0.1-0.4, carbamide 0.2-0.6, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose 0.3-0.4, potassium chloride 1-3, Pellia endiviifolia moss 10-15, Larix middendorffii larch needles 8-9, water - the balance. Moss and larch needles can also be taken in the following ratios, wt %: Pellia endiviifolia moss - 10-15, Larix middendorffii larch needles- 9.1-9.5; or Pellia endiviifolia moss - 10-15, Larix middendorffii larch needles - 9.8-11. |
| Method of maintenance of vineyard soil / 2506733 Invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely to viticulture. The method comprises initially single seeding in a row of vines on 3-year agro-technological cycles in inter-row spacing unsown in the previous cycle of winter triticale alternating in varieties cycles of selection of Krasnodar Research Institute of Agriculture n.a. Lukyanenko. Yearly in the cycles the green mass is trimmed at the stem elongation of plants in the spring. In the summer in the inter-row spacing soil the matured plant mass is embedded with ears of corn of triticale and agrobiological stimulant of effective microorganisms (EM) "Baikal EM-1" based on the special nutrient medium "EM syrup". At that together with the biomass of triticale and the stimulant EM in the inter-row spacing soil the organic matter of vegetable pulp (OP) is embedded at a rate of 380 kg/ha. |
 Method of growing seedlings / 2505953Invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to forest growing. The method comprises preforming of ridge, on which then sowing seeds is carried out followed by cultivation of seedlings. Before forming the ridge the microrelief is created on the soil, on which the film is laid, creating microcavities. Then, sidewalls are created, and the substrate is poured into the formed cavity, on which the seeds are sown and covered prior to seedlings with light-nontransmission material. The seeds are also sown on the ridge with increased seeding rate, and the sidewalls of the ridge are made of large-fractional material. |
| Mulching composition (versions) / 2500769 Mulching composition contains lignosulphonate, carbamide, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose, potassium chloride and, as natural additives, Pallavicinia moss and Larix middendorffii larch needles, and water in the following ratios, wt %: lignosulphonate 0.1-0.4, carbamide 0.2-0.6, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose 0.3-0.4, potassium chloride 1-3, Pallavicinia moss 10-15, Larix middendorffii larch needles 8-9, water - the balance. The moss and larch needles can also be taken in the following ratios, wt %: Pallavicinia moss 10-15, Larix middendorffii larch needles - 9.1-9.5; or Pallavicinia moss - 10-15, Larix middendorffii larch needles - 9.8-11. |
| Mulching composition (versions) / 2500768 Mulching composition contains lignosulphonate, carbamide, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose, potassium chloride and, as natural additives, Sphagnopsida moss and Larix cajanderi larch needles, and water in the following ratios, wt %: lignosulphonate 0.1-0.4, carbamide 0.2-0.6, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose 0.3-0.4, potassium chloride 1-3, Sphagnopsida moss 10-15, Larix cajanderi larch needles 8-9, water - the balance. The moss and larch needles can also be taken in the following ratios, wt %: Sphagnopsida moss 10-15, Larix cajanderi larch needles - 9.1-9.5; or Sphagnopsida moss - 10-15, Larix cajanderi larch needles - 9.8-11. |
| Mulching composition (versions) / 2500748 Aqueous mulching composition contains lignosulphonate, carbamide, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose, potassium chloride and, as natural additives, Pallavicinia moss and Juniperus h. Wiltonii juniper needles, in different amounts which are reflected in versions of the polymer-natural mulching compositions. |
| Mulching composition (versions) / 2500747 Aqueous mulching composition contains lignosulphonate, carbamide, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose, potassium chloride and, as natural additives, Sphaerocarpus moss and Juniperus virginiana Nana Compacta juniper needles, in different amounts which are reflected in versions of the polymer-natural mulching composition. |
| Mulching composition (versions) / 2500746 Aqueous mulching composition contains lignosulphonate, carbamide, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose, potassium chloride and, as natural additives, Takakiopsida moss and Tamafiscifolia juniper needles, in different amounts which are reflected in versions of the polymer-natural mulching composition. |
| Environmentally safe method of limiting population of plants of glycyrrhiza culture after its removal from crop rotation / 2499380 Invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular, to restore the fertility of degraded irrigated soils. In the method the number of plants of Glycyrrhiza culture is limited after removing it from the crop rotation by destroying the seeds, unremoved roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza plants after harvesting. At that, in order to limit the number of plants of Glycyrrhiza culture and fertility restoration of degraded irrigated soils, the fish pond is created by transformation into water reservoir of the field which was released after long-term cultivation of Glycyrrhiza and previously subjected periodically to technological layout, filling it with water. In the created water reservoir fish is grown for at least one growing season. |
| Method of creation of cultivated pastures on sloping lands / 2498566 Invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular, to grassland husbandry. In the method, the cultivated pastures are created on sloping lands by planting under the cover of annual cereal millet crops of legume- grass mixtures, consisting of three components - clover, alfalfa and timothy, in a ratio of 2:2:1. And at the upper part of the slope Japanese millet is placed, then panic and Siberian millet, and in the phase of ear emergence the coating grasses are mowed at a height of 7-8 cm. |
 Method of planting of cereal crops in soil crust under conditions of wind erosion / 2496292Invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular, to soil erosion. The method includes mouldboard processing of complete fallow for accumulation of moisture, nutrients and for weed control, compacting in autumn after rains for formation of a soil crust, destruction of the crust and pre-plant soil loosening under it in the form of bands in spring of next year, with the formation of furrows for seeds in the loosened soil, formation at the bottom of the furrow on virgin soil of compacted bed, sowing seeds and their embedding by loosened soil layer. The destruction of the crust and pre-sowing loosening of the surface layer of the soil is carried out as bands to a depth of not more than 5 cm while maintaining of the crust between rows that protects the soil from wind erosion to complete germination. |
FIELD: agriculture.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture and soil erosion. In the method on sloping lands oats, perennial grasses, winter rye, potatoes are cultivated. At that the cultures in the crop rotation are distributed as follows: oats with clover - clover - clover - winter rye - potato - winter wheat. At that after harvesting of winter rye vetch with white mustard are seeded, and after winter wheat - rape as green manure crop.
EFFECT: method enables to increase the output of environmentally friendly products, soil fertility and to reduce the degradation processes.
1 ex
The invention refers to the agriculture, in particular to agriculture.
Known application of conservation of crop rotation in sufficient moisture (optimization of crop rotation and patterns of use of arable land. M., 2004. 49-50).
However, in the famous crop rotation provides for the inclusion of the fields of clean or occupied vapor that in the conditions of slope lands may exacerbate erosion. After harvesting of winter cereals remain free for a long time, which also enhances erosion.
There is a method of placing of agricultural crops in sloping lands (Model adaptive-landscape farming systems (ALSS) for the mountainous areas of North Ossetia - Alania (Abaev A.A., Odinaev AD, Aylarov AE and others - Vladikavkaz: 2010. 100 C.) in sectionnum crop rotation: oats + perennial grasses perennial grasses perennial grasses - oats in grain of winter rye potatoes.
In this arrangement crops in the crop rotation after harvesting of perennial grasses, grain and cereals remains 100-150 days before sowing or planting subsequent culture, leading to increased degradation processes, overgrowing zeros of weeds, reduction of crop rotation productivity in General.
The result of technical solutions - improving soil fertility and coefficient of land use, reduction of the degradation processes.
The technical solution of the problem is achieved due to the change of crop rotation in sectionnum crop rotation: oats + clever - clever - clever - winter rye - potatoes - winter wheat and planting mixtures wiki with mustard after harvesting of winter rye and rapeseed after winter wheat as green manure.
The method is as follows.
Oats are sown together with clover (under cover) on the first field of crop rotation. The following two years the field occupied by the clover of the first and second years of use. Clover second year of use of the leave for seeds, and after the harvest sown with winter rye. It seeding provides erosion resistance due to the winter period of projective cover and measles remains enrich the soil with organic matter.
Unlike its prototype, where after herbs were cultivated oats grain, winter rye take 2 weeks earlier than the end of June - beginning of July) and before planting remains about 300 days, and before settled cold 90-120 days. During this time, the soil may be washed away under the influence of heavy rainfall, overgrowing by weed vegetation, reduced land use factor. To avoid such negative phenomena after harvesting of winter rye and necessary pre-treatment sow the seed mixture wiki with mustard white on a green manure. These cultures are growing rapidly, gaining sufficient biomass (more than 12 t/ha) and resistant to early autumn frosts.
In addition, they suppress weed vegetation on 18-20%, reduce the number of phytopathogens, prevent erosion, and after Zapiski improve structural-aggregate composition and other agro-physical parameters of soil, its biological activity, reducing the number of treatments for the care of plantings, reduction of contamination and the need for fertilizers. White mustard significantly suppresses pathogenic fungi soil and Vika due nodule bacteria increases the content of nitrogenous substances. After green manure the yield of potatoes rises, the tubers cleaner and healthier.
After harvesting potatoes spend the winter wheat crop.
The period after wheat harvest field is rape, which in late autumn plowed on a green manure.
An example of the process. Early spring conducted the sowing oats together with clover under the cover. After harvest of oats in grain clover took the box next two years. The first year of use to carry out periodic cutting of clover, and in the autumn of last year usage was removed clover seeds and after preparing the soil sown with winter rye. Disking, unlike ploughing, provided the reduction of erosion and the necessary quality of processing under crops of rye. After the cleaning at the end of June were shelling, stubble was discowale and after pre-sowing cultivation were sown mixture wiki with mustard white.
Autumn leafy herbal blend for green manure and cut combs under potatoes across a slope. In the spring spent the amendment of the ridges and potato. After harvesting, without conducting ploughing were sown with winter wheat. After harvesting wheat and surface treatment stubble field planted with rape and late autumn was the leafy green manure.
Under crop rotation has been studied the biological activity of soil (by the method of decomposition of linen), as well as identifying the yield of exchange energy and coefficient of structure.
The indicators proposed crop rotation in comparison with known improved. So, in the proposed crop rotation productivity of grain oats increased by 3.3 t/ha, rye - by 5.4%, potatoes - by 18.3 C/ha Yield of green mass wiki with mustard white on a green manure amounted to 121.0 centner/hectare
Biological activity of soils has increased under the cultures of the second rotation on average by 2.5%, under potatoes - to 9%.
The total yield of the exchange of energy throughout the rotation was in the prototype 259 GJ/ha, and in the proposed - 393 GJ/ha
The proposed method of placement crops in crop rotation is applied on land with a slope of up to 7 degrees in sufficient moisture. The alternation of the proposed cultures will ensure a high level projective cover will increase the output of environmentally friendly products with simultaneous reduction of the degradation processes and improvement of soil fertility.
The way of placement of agricultural crops on slope lands in the form of oats, perennial grasses, winter rye, potatoes, wherein crops place as follows: oats with clever - clever - clever - winter rye - potatoes - winter wheat, and after harvesting of winter rye sown Vika with mustard white, and after winter wheat - canola as green manure crops.