Alloy of out-of-furnace production of steel and iron and blend to this end |
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IPC classes for russian patent Alloy of out-of-furnace production of steel and iron and blend to this end (RU 2483134):
Alloy for alloying of steel with titanium / 2482210
Alloy contains the following components, wt %: titanium 45-75, silicon 5-45, aluminium 5-15, carbon not more than 0.2, iron - balance, at the same time the mass ratio of titanium to aluminium is within the limits from 3:1 to 15:1.
Method for production of aluminium-zirconium ligature (versions) / 2482209
For production of aluminium-zirconium ligature, aluminothermal recovery of zirconium is carried out from its compounds in the environment of melted metal halogenides. Zirconium is recovered from its fluoride or oxide, and also from fluozirconate or oxifluozirconate of alkaline or alkaline-earth metal in presence of potassium chloride, sodium fluoride and aluminium fluoride, introduced into the melt or formed in the process of aluminothermy. The temperature of the process amounts to 850-1150°C. Recovery is carried out under the layer of chloride cover flux, containing potassium and sodium chlorides at the following ratio of components, in the mixture, wt %: potassium chloride 42-45, sodium chloride - balance. The melt is soaked for 15-30 minutes, and bars are poured. The invention makes it possible to produce bars of ligature with homogeneous structure with dimensions of intermetallides of up to 15-30 mcm, at the same time non-return losses of zirconium are reduced down to 7-9%, environmental characteristics of the process are improved.
Alloy combination for production of castings from high-strength cast-iron (versions) / 2480530
As per Version 1, alloy combination contains the following, wt %: silicon 22.0-30.0, magnesium 9.0-12.0, cerium 0.4-0.6, copper is the rest; as per Version 2, alloy combination contains the following, wt %: silicon 22.0-30.0; magnesium 9.0-12.0, misch metal 0.8-1.2, and copper is the rest.
Method for obtaining nitrogen-containing alloy for alloying of steel and cast iron, and nitrogen-containing alloy for steel and cast iron alloying / 2479659
Bearing titanium-chrome ferroalloy is crushed to powder with particle size of less than 0.2 mm. Titanium-chrome ferroalloy contains the following, wt %: chrome - 5.0-35.0, titanium - 15.0-30.0, aluminium - 5.0-10.0, silicon - 5.0-8.0, and iron is the rest. Total amount of Ti, Cr, Si, Al is 30.0-82.0 wt %. Powder is loaded to the container that is moved to a SHS reactor; an exothermic burning reaction is initiated in a layer-by-layer mode at nitrogen pressure of 1.0-15.0 MPa.
 Method for obtaining aluminium-titanium alloy combination (versions) / 2477759
Invention refers to non-ferrous metallurgy and can be used for obtaining alloys based on aluminium. In order to obtain aluminium-titanium alloy combination, alumino-thermal reduction of titanium from its compounds is performed in the environment of molten halogenides of metals. Titanium is reduced from its fluoride or oxide, as well as from fluorotitanate or oxyfluorotitanate of alkali or alkali-earth metal in presence of potassium chloride, sodium fluoride and aluminium fluoride, which are introduced to molten metal or formed during aluminothermic process. The temperature of the process is 850-1150°C. Reduction is performed under the layer of covering flux chloride, which contains potassium and sodium chlorides at the following ratio of components in the mixture, wt %: potassium chloride 42-45, sodium chloride is the rest. Molten metal is exposed during 15-30 minutes and poured into billets. The invention allows obtaining billets of the alloy combination with homogeneous structure with intermetallides with the size of up to 15-30 mcm, reducing non-collectable titanium scrap to 7-9% and improving environmental characteristics of the process.
Foundry alloy for casting heat-resistant titanium alloy and method of its making / 2470084
Invention relates to metallurgy of nonferrous metals, particularly, to production of foundry alloy for alloying refractory titanium-base alloys. Proposed composition contains the following substances, in wt %: tungsten 48.0-52.0, titanium 10.0-20.0, hafnium 0.08-0.1, aluminium making the rest. Charge is smelted in vacuum arc furnace with nonconsumable tungsten electrode. Note here that at first step, titanium placed on bottom of copper water-cooled casting mould and tungsten of higher density is placed there above. Titanium and tungsten are dissolved and melted in proportion corresponding to their content in foundry alloy to make integral ingot at arc current between charge and electrode of 750-1100 A and melting time of 3-10 min. To average ingot chemical composition, ingot is removed from casing mould to subject it to remelting at temperature higher than liquidus temperature of the alloy of titanium and tungsten. Then, required amount of aluminium and hafnium is added to remelted ingot to be placed under aforesaid ingot to proceed with melting at 1750-1900°C.
 New generation nanomodifier (ngnm) / 2468110
Complex modifier contains the following components, wt %: fullerenes 0.1-27, nanosized composite particles of metal carbides selected from the following group: cobalt, iron, nickel 1-43, nanosized composite particles of cobalt 0.2-20, nanosized particles of lanthanum 0.1-29, nanosized composite particles of tungsten 0.5-42, nanosized composite particles of cerium 0.7-33, nanosized composite particles of iron 1-41, nanosized composite particles of nickel 0.6-36, nitrides or silicides or borides or oxides or carbonitrides of metals - balance.
Method of producing aluminium alloys with transition metals / 2467086
Invention relates to nonferrous metallurgy and may be used in production of foundry alloys based on aluminium with transition metals. It comprises making aluminium melt overheated to above alloy liquidus temperature and adding alloying components into melt by fusing the wire. Note here that electric current flows between wire and aluminium melt. Layer of fused flux is produced on aluminium melt surface while said wire is fused by heat released in flux layer at electric current existing therein. Note also that said flux contains cryolite - 40-45 wt %, aluminium oxide - 10-20 wt %, and magnesium fluoride - 35-40 wt %.
 Method for obtaining aluminium-titanium-boron alloy combination / 2466202
Method involves melting of primary aluminium, batch introduction to molten aluminium of titanium-containing and boron-containing components, mixing of molten metal and its pouring, cooling and heat treatment. As titanium-containing component there used is potassium hexafluorotitanate K2TiF6 in quantity of 10÷35 wt %, and as boron-containing component there used is crystalline boric acid H3BO3 in quantity of 4÷10 wt %. Titanium-containing and boron-containing components are pre-mixed and packed into cover from technical aluminium with weight of 0.2÷0.6 kg; packed components are added in portions to molten aluminium with temperature of 950÷1050°C; after that, molten metal is mixed and exposed during 0.2÷0.5 hours, and pouring of alloy combination is performed at molten metal temperature of 800÷850°C to water-cooled moulds with ratio of dimensions of length of casting to height and width of 15÷25:1÷1.5:1.5÷2 and weight of casting of 1.5÷2.5 kg; at that, cooling of molten metal in moulds is performed at the rate of 200÷250°C/min.
Aluminium alloy combination obtaining method / 2464337
Aluminium molten metal is prepared and heated over temperature of 950-1000°C. Liquid flux layer of the following composition, wt %, is induced on aluminium molten metal: cryolite 80-85 and aluminium oxide 15-20. Liquid flux is heated over solution temperature of alloying component with electroslag process and alloying component is added in the required quantity.
Alloy for alloying of steel with titanium / 2482210
Alloy contains the following components, wt %: titanium 45-75, silicon 5-45, aluminium 5-15, carbon not more than 0.2, iron - balance, at the same time the mass ratio of titanium to aluminium is within the limits from 3:1 to 15:1.
 Method of making steel flat products / 2481407
Steel smelting is performed, steel is refined to obtain that containing the following substances in wt % 0.25-0.35 of C, 0.6-0.7 of Si, 0.6-0.9 of Mn, 0.10-0.15 of Al, 0.70-0.95 of Ni, 3.1-3.3 of Co, 0.4-0.6 of Cu, 2.9-3.3 of Cr, 0.4-0.5 of Mo, 0.1-0.2 of V, not over 0.005 of S, not over 0.005 of P, Fe making the rest, ingots are cast and casting is terminated at temperature, at least 8°C higher than liquidus temperature. Obtained ingots are heated and subjected to multipass blooming in lengthwise direction with total relative reduction of, at least, 85% for production of slab. Said slab is subjected to rolling in several steps. Note here that, in first step, slab is reduced to sheet depth 2-10 times larger than final depth and cooled by water at the rate of 400°C/min. Then, sheet is heated to, at least, 900°C and rolled to final depth at rolling end temperature of, at least, 650°C and subjected to water tempering immediately. Low-temperature tempering is performed in, at least, 8 h at 100-200°C.
 Method for steel making with low sulphur content / 2479636
Method involves production of a semi-finished product in a steel making unit, steel tapping to a ladle, cutoff during furnace slag tapping, addition to the ladle at tapping of solid slag-forming mixture, and out-of-furnace treatment at a furnace-ladle unit. At tapping, solid slag-forming mixture in quantity of 2.0-2.7 kg/t consisting of lime 75-80 wt % and fluorite-sellaite concentrate 20-25 wt % is added to the ladle; treatment is performed at the furnace-ladle unit during 45-75 minutes; at that, in order to complete metal desulphurisation, the same solid slag-forming mixture in quantity of 0.3-0.6 kg/t consisting of lime 75-80 wt % and fluorite-sellaite concentrate 20-25 wt % is added to the ladle; steel is blown with argon during treatment through bottom porous tuyere blocks with flow rate of 20-50 m3/h.
Boron steel making method / 2477324
Following operations are performed: steel making, deoxidation, out-of-furnace treatment, addition of ferroboron and argon blowing through bottom tuyeres, pouring at a continuous casting machine so that a billet is obtained, heating of the billet in a continuous furnace, rolling to the specified profile size; at that, melting and out-of-furnace treatment is performed so that the steel containing the following, wt %, is made: carbon 0.36-0.39, boron 0.001-0.003, aluminium 0.015-0.045, and after the billet is obtained, the content of silicon, manganese, aluminium and titanium is determined; the billet is rolled to the required dimensions; at that, the rolling end temperature is specified based on the required hardness value.
Method for obtaining magnesian modifying agent / 2476608
Method involves mixing of products containing magnesium compounds and/or carbon component, which form gaseous agent at heating, magnesian component burned in rotating and/or shaft furnace and binding substances, briquetting or granulation. At the mixing stage, the charge composition additionally contains unburned calcium-containing component, and at least one of burned magnesian components is introduced in the form of a fraction with size of less than 0.088 mm, which is obtained by means of complete or partial grinding, or caught in aspiration systems of material burning furnaces.
 Device for degassing steel melt furnished with perfected exhaust sleeve / 2473704
Device comprises teeming ladle 3, vessel 2 arranged there above, inlet sleeve 4 with device 5 fitted therein for gas blowing, and discharge sleeve 1. Exhaust sleeve 1 is arranged nearby edge 9, in radial direction relative to central lengthwise axis 6 of exhaust sleeve, with at least one opening 7.
Method of removing titanium from high-chromium melts / 2471874
Method comprises tapping metal from furnace to ladle, building CaO-SiO2-MgO-system slag up on metal melt surface, and adding iron chloride as chlorinating agent to liquid slag. Then, melts are soaked to termination of reaction of titanium removal from metal in gas phase in the form of volatile titanium chloride. To accelerate reaction of refinement and removal of titanium chlorides from reaction zone, the melts are blown by neutral gases, for example, argon or carbon oxide.
 Flux cored wire for out-of-furnace treatment of iron-based molten metals / 2471001
Filler of flux cored wire contains the following components, wt %: metal magnesium 30-50, calcium 10-15, alloy of calcium and silicon 30-50, fluor spar up to 5%, total content of metal barium or mixture of metal barium and barium silicide 10-20, and iron is the rest. Total calcium content is 20-50% of filler content.
 Repair method of vacuumiser branch pipe lining / 2469101
Method involves application of refractory mass to the product to be repaired, lowering of hot vacuumiser with branch pipe on it; for that purpose, repairable product is manufactured by means of casting the concrete into the mould; the above product has inner cylindrical hole equal to diameter of hole of branch pipe in original form, and outer diameter is less by 5-25 mm than diameter of used lining of branch pipe.
 Supply sleeve for degassing reservoir for metallurgical melts operating using rh method / 2468092
Invention refers to the field of metallurgy, and namely to circulation vacuumising of liquid steel. The supply sleeve of the degassing reservoir comprises areas of supply with tubular blowers for introduction of inert gas, distributed along the axial length of the sleeve. Between areas of inert gas supply there are separate sections provided with conducting elements arranged in the form of grooves. Conducting elements stretch upwards in direction of the longitudinal axis of the sleeve and are twisted in its respect by the angle equal to 20° - 45°.
Alloy combination for production of castings from high-strength cast-iron (versions) / 2480530
As per Version 1, alloy combination contains the following, wt %: silicon 22.0-30.0, magnesium 9.0-12.0, cerium 0.4-0.6, copper is the rest; as per Version 2, alloy combination contains the following, wt %: silicon 22.0-30.0; magnesium 9.0-12.0, misch metal 0.8-1.2, and copper is the rest.
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FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: proposed composition contains the following substances, in wt %: titanium - 30- 50, zirconium - 1-25, silicon - 15-30, aluminium - 0.1-3, iron making the rest. For production of proposed alloy the blend is used that contains ilmenite concentrate, rutile, coal, quartz sand, quartzite, and zirconium concentrate. EFFECT: efficient continuous carbothermic process, decreased consumption of aluminium and heavy nonferrous metals. 7 cl, 1 tbl
The technical field: The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to the creation of the alloy with zirconium and titanium refining, micro alloying and deoxidation of steel and cast iron. The level of technology (the invention 1) Known alloy containing, wt.%: 20-45 Zr, 5-9 Al, 0.2 To 0.5 s, 0,14-0,25 R, 0,02-0,04 S, 3-3,5 Cu [1, str]. The disadvantage of this alloy is a high content of aluminum, as in the deoxidation they were in it are formed of non-metallic inclusions containing alumina, which reduce the mechanical and operational properties of the products. Also in this alloy with a high copper content, which when content in steel exceeding 0.3% manifests itself as a harmful impurity that causes in the processing of such defect, as krasnodoncoal. In a known alloy no titanium, which restricts and narrows his microeconomie action. Closest to the claimed technical solution is an alloy containing, wt.%: 20-25 Ti, 30-40 Si, 3,0 Al, 0.5 s, 0,02 S, 0,1, R, 0,7 Cu, 0.3 to V, 0,4 Mo, 0,2 Zr, Sn 0,1 [2]. The disadvantage of this alloy is low zirconium content. This reduces fascilitating the ability of this alloy and makes inefficient use it as a deoxidizer of steel. Also in this alloy with a high content of non-ferrous metals (Cu, Sn), which has a negative impact on structural about the ability of steel. Disclosure of the invention (invention 1) The purpose of the invention to provide an alloy for joint high performance micro alloying, refining and deoxidizing iron-carbon melt titanium and zirconium. This task is achieved due to the fact that the alloy contains components in the following ratio, wt.%: 30-50 Ti, 1-25 Zr, 15-30 Si, 0.1 to 3 Al, iron - rest. The alloy may further contain boron in an amount of 0.01-1 wt.%. The technical result of the invention consists in a joint refining, microregion and deoxidation of steel and cast iron in zirconium and titanium with a high coefficient of absorption of the latter. The technical result is achieved in that the alloy contains both titanium and zirconium in amounts sufficient for refining, micro alloying and deoxidation of steel and cast iron. Zirconium, having a high affinity to oxygen, actively rascism steel, and its recyclemania ability in terms of steelmaking processes above rascalities ability of aluminum, so that it prevents the formation of harmful alumina inclusions in steel and iron. The formed products of deoxidation zirconium easily deformed and have a temperature coefficient of linear expansion similar to those of the steel and cast iron, and therefore, the ri heating and cooling of metal they do not create voltage, unlike alumina inclusions that cause the appearance of microcracks. Zirconium also reduces the activity coefficient of oxygen in iron-carbon melt, which increases the level of learning they are titanium. Titanium and zirconium tie into solid compounds, nitrogen and sulfur, neutralizing their harmful effects on steel and cast iron. Formed in the steel and iron refractory carbides, nitrides and sulfides of titanium and zirconium are used during crystallization additional centers of nucleation, resulting in a dense grain structure of the metal. When heat-treated titanium and zirconium, steel or cast iron data enable slow grain growth, thereby prevent the occurrence of such a defect as "overheating", allowing you to intensify the processes of forging, stamping, heat treatment, carburizing metal by heating to higher temperatures. The lower limit of the titanium content in the alloy due to the fact that when the content is less than 30% increases its consumption and as a result, the silicon content in the steel. The increase in the titanium content in the alloy more than 50% is impractical, as it would lead to an increase in its value due to the deterioration of technical and economic indicators of production of the alloy. When the content of zirconium in the alloy is less than 1% of its effect on the treated is the first metal is weak. The zirconium content of more than 25% is impractical due to the increase of the melting temperature of the alloy and, consequently, reducing its absorption by the melt. Silicon, forming stable compounds with titanium and zirconium, can reduce the carbon content in the alloy. When the silicon content in the alloy less than 15% increases the solubility therein of carbon. The increase in silicon content more than 30% is impractical due to the decrease of the total content of titanium and zirconium in the alloy and increasing its consumption for machining steel and cast iron. The aluminium content should not exceed 3%, as it contributes to the formation of defects in the steel and iron. The lower limit of the aluminum content in the alloy due to the fact that this item is restored from its oxide, impurities which are contained in the original raw material for production of alloy. The alloy may further comprise boron. Microalloying of steel boron increases hardenability and facilitates the grinding of grain. A small additive of boron in steel increases the resistance to wear of working surfaces made of it parts. However, when the concentration of boron in the steel more of 0.003%, a boride eutectic, resulting in reduction of hot ductility and toughness of steel at normal and low temperatures. Therefore, the content in this alloy boron-ogranichennodeesposobnymi from 0.01% to 1 wt.%. In the alloy in an amount of from 0.2 to 2 wt.% there is carbon, which is the technological admixture. The lower limit of carbon content is due to the production technology of the alloy. The upper limit is taken from the fact that the carbon content in the alloy above the 2% limit its application for microalloying low carbon steels. The level of technology (invention 2) There aluminosilicate way to obtain iron-carbon alloys containing titanium and zirconium, and the number of the charge for its implementation [1, str]. However, unlike plateresco way it has a large volume and assumes periodicity of the process of obtaining alloy, which significantly reduces the technical and economic performance of the heat. In addition, aluminothermic method is carried out with use of a substantial amount of aluminum powder, which dramatically increases the cost of the resulting alloy. Commonly used secondary aluminum contains impurities of non-ferrous metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Sn), which, passing from the obtained in the treated alloy steel and cast iron, causing a deterioration of the mechanical properties and the appearance of various defects. When aluminothermic the process of operating the heat content of aluminum in the alloy can reach up to 9%, which severely limits its application in styleplay the nom and iron industries. Known charge to obtain alloy uglehimicheskiy way, consisting of ilmenite concentrate, steel scrap and anthracite [3]. The disadvantage of this charge is the availability of steel scrap, as the process of melting ahead of the recovery process components of the charge, which leads to the acceleration of the descent of the charge, lowering the temperature in the furnace bath to a level insufficient for the recovery of titanium from ilmenite. In addition, the absence of silica in the charge leads to an increase in carbon content in the alloy up to 8%. This alloy is of limited use in the metallurgical industry. The absence of this mixture of zirconium concentrate is not possible to obtain an alloy with the desired zirconium content. Closest to the invention to the technical essence and the achieved effect is a charge to obtain ferrosilicate [4], which contains ilmenite concentrate and/or rutile, quartz sand, coal gas. The disadvantage of this mixture is used as a silicon-containing material only quartz sand. Having a large surface contact, it actively reacts with carbon with formation of gaseous silicon oxide SiO, which comes from the reaction zone. This causes the formation of carbide has nastily in the furnace bath that disrupts the normal course of about the ECCA and prevents maintaining a continuous melting. Also the disadvantage of this charge is the absence of zirconium concentrate, which does not allow to obtain an alloy of the proposed structure. Disclosure of the invention (invention 2): The purpose of the invention is the development of charge to obtain an alloy with a zirconium content of more than 1% and allowing continuous uglehimicheskiy the melting process with high technical and economic indicators. This objective is achieved in that in the mixture, including ilmenite concentrate, rutile, silicon-containing material in the form of quartz sand and carbonaceous reducing agent in the form of coal, according to the invention additionally impose zircon concentrate, and as a siliceous material optionally use the quartzite in the following ratio, wt.%:
For intensification of melting in the mixture can also be added Baratova ore in an amount of 0.1-5 wt.% and fluorspar in an amount of 0.1-5 wt.%. The technical effect of using the invention is that the additional introduction in charge of quartzite and zirconium concentrate leads to the following: quartzite, having compared with quartz sand, lower contact surface, reacts with carbon less intensive and less sublimated in the form of SiO. This allows you to be in the lower horizons of the reaction zone of the furnace a sufficient amount of silicon dioxide, together with the introduction of zirconium concentrate leads to the inhibition of formation of carbides of titanium and zirconium and the intensification of the process of recovery items from their oxides with carbon prior to the formation of stable silicides (Ti5Si3, Zr5Si4and others). Additional introduction of quartzite in charge also allows, if necessary, to adjust its composition and more effectively manage the technological regime of the heat. The lower and upper limits of the contents of the components of the mixture are selected on the basis of achieving positive results, which is confirmed by the experimental melts. Changing the content of ilmenite concentrate (FeTiO3) and rutile (TiO2in the charge, you can adjust the content is of titanium in the alloy is from 30 to 50%. The implementation of the invention: Example. The proposed charge was Poplawski in single-phase electric furnace with transformer capacity of 250 kV·A. the ratio of the components of the charge and the results of experimental heats are shown in table 1. The use of the proposed charge ensures alloy with a low aluminium content (2,1-2,8%), sulfur (0,03-0,05%) and relatively high content of titanium (35-48%). From the table it follows that upon receipt of the alloy of the proposed charge removing silicon is higher and the power consumption is less than when using the known charge. The proposed charge includes cheap and clean on the content of harmful impurities (Sn, Cu) coal. This blend provides a high degree of extraction of elements from natural raw materials, energy saving and waste-free production. Sources of information: 1 - Theory and technology of production of ferroalloys: textbook for universities / Gasik M.I., Lyakishev N.P., Emlyn B. I. M.: metallurgy, 1988. 784 C. 2 - open joint stock company "KLUCHEVSKY Ferroalloy plant", THE 0868-057-00186482-2006. 3 - U.S.Patent No 2033974, Patented Mar. 17, 1936. Ferro-carbon-titanium alloy. Application date June 20, 1935, Serial No.27, 543. 4 - RF Patent №2416659, IPC SS 33/04, 24.02.2010.
1. Alloy for out-of-furnace treatment of steel and cast iron containing titanium, zirconium, silicon, aluminum and iron, wherein the components are taken in the following ratio, wt.%:
2. The alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains carbon of 0.2 to 2 wt.%. 3. The alloy according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that it additionally contains boron in an amount of from 0.01 to 1 wt.%. 4. Composition for producing an alloy according to claim 1, including ilmenite concentrate, rutile, silicon-containing material in the form of quartz sand and quartzite, carbonaceous reducing agent in the form of coal, zircon concentrate in the following ratio of components:
5. The mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that it further comprises bortovoy ore in an amount of from 0.1 to 5 wt.%. 6. The mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that it additionally contains fluorspar in the amount of from 0.1 to 5 wt.%. 7. The mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that it additionally contains fluorspar and bortovoy ore in an amount of from 0.1 to 5 wt.%.
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