Method for extraction and separation of platinum and rhodium in sulphate solutions |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method for extraction and separation of platinum and rhodium in sulphate solutions (RU 2479651):
Method of extracting rare-earth elements from phosphogypsum / 2473708
Invention relates to the technology of producing compounds of rare-earth elements during complex processing of apatites, particularly extraction of rare-earth elements from phosphogypsum. The method involves preparation of pulp from phosphogypsum and sorption of rare-earth elements on a sorbent. The pulp is prepared from ground phosphogypsum and sulphuric acid solution with pH=0.5-2.5 until achieving liquid:solid ratio of 4-7. Sorption is carried out directly from the phosphogypsum pulp on a sorbent with sulphuric acid functional groups for 5-7 hours with solid:sorbent ratio of 4-7.
 Extraction method of rare-earth metals from phosphogypsum / 2471011
Invention can be used in the technology of obtaining the compounds of rare-earth metals at complex processing of apatites, and namely for obtaining of concentrate of rare-earth metals (REM) from phosphogypsum. Method involves sorption of rare-earth metals. At that, prior to sorption, phosphogypsum is crushed in water so that pulp is obtained in the ratio Solid : Liquid=1:(5-10). Sorption is performed by introducing to the obtained pulp of sorbent containing sulphate and phosphate functional groups, at the ratio of Solid : Sorbent=1:(5-10) and mixing during 3-6 h.
Method for extraction of copper and/or nickel from cobalt-bearing solutions / 2465355
Method involves supply of solution with high content of cobalt, which contains cobalt, nickel and copper; sorption by means of contact of the above solution with N-(2-hydroxypropyl)picoline amino resin. Selective elution of cobalt, nickel and copper is performed after sorption by means of continuous gradient acidic elution. At that, pH of the above solution is less than or equal to 2.
 Method of producing high strength and capacity carbon sorbent / 2464226
Invention relates to a method of producing a carbon sorbent used for extracting rare metals, particularly gold cyanide from aqueous alkaline solutions. The method involves treatment of activated carbon with a polymer with amino groups. Activated charcoal is treated using polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride in form of an aqueous solution. After treatment, alkali is added while stirring and the solution is separated from the carbon. The carbon is saturated with ammonia solution, phenol and formalin. The mixture is held while boiling for 1-5 hours and the carbon separated from the solution is dried at 150-160°C.
 Method of extraction of rare-earth elements from technological and productive solutions / 2462523
Method for extracting rare-earth elements from the technological and productive solutions containing iron (III) and aluminium, with a pH-0.5÷2.5, includes the sorption of rare-earth elements with strong-acid cation resin. As the strong-acid cation resin the microporous strong-acid cation resin is used based on hypercrosslinked polystyrene having a size of micropores 1-2 nm.
Method for gold extraction from cyanide solutions with dissolved mercury contained in them / 2460814
Method for gold extraction from cyanide solutions with dissolved mercury contained in them, gold-bearing ores formed during leaching, involves sorption of gold and mercury on activated carbon with enrichment of activated carbon with gold and mercury. Then, gold desorption is performed with alkali-cyanide solution under autoclave conditions, gold electrolysis from strippants so that cathode deposit is obtained and its remelting is performed so that finished products are obtained in the form of raw base gold alloy. Prior to gold desorption the selective desorption of mercury is performed by treatment of saturated carbon with alkali-cyanide solution containing 15-20 g/l of sodium cyanide and 3-5 g/l of sodium hydroxide, at temperature of 18-20°C and atmospheric pressure during 10 hours.
Method of extracting gold using macroporous resins / 2459880
Proposed method comprises preparing leaching solution bearing gold, and gold sorption by macroporous resin containing alkyl amine functional groups in amount of 0.01-1.0 mmol/g and 3-12% of cross-links with water retaining capacity making, at least, 30%, and specific surface area varying from 400 to 1200 m2/g. After sorption, gold is eluted.
Method of phosphogypsum processing for manufacture of concentrate of rare-earth elements and gypsum / 2458999
Method of phosphogypsum processing involves leaching of phosphogypsum with sulphuric acid solution with change-over of phosphorus and rare-earth elements to the solution, and gypsum residues is obtained, rare-earth elements are extracted from the solution and the gypsum residue is neutralised with the main calcium compound. In addition, leaching is performed with sulphuric acid solution with concentration of 1-5 wt %. After that, rare-earth elements are extracted from the solution by sorption using sulfocationite in hydrogen or ammonia form with further desorption of rare-earth elements with ammonia sulphate solution. After desorption to the obtained strippant there added is ammonia or ammonium carbonate with deposition and separation of hydroxide or carbon-bearing concentrate of rare-earth elements. Extraction of rare-earth elements of medium and yttrium groups to concentrates is 41-67% and 28-51.4% respectively. Specific consumption of neutralising calcium compound per 1 kg of phosphogypsum has been reduced at least by 1.6 times.
 Multicolumn sequential extraction of ionic metal derivative / 2458725
Invention may be used in hydrometallurgy. Proposed invention allows separating such metals as uranium, nickel, copper and cobalt present in liquid wastes of ore leaching. Solution containing metal ions is forced through stationary layer of resin, Particularly, through, at least, three zones. Note here that solution drive appliances are arranged between adjacent zones and between last and first zones. Proposed method comprises several sequences, each comprising, at least, one step selected from steps of adsorption, washing and desorption. Every next sequence is performed by shifting fronts into zones downstream of circuit with identical increment unless cyclic shift of inlet and discharge points.
 Method of ion-exchange uranium extraction from sulfuric solutions and pulps / 2458164
Method includes uranium sorption by anion exchange resin, uranium de-sorption from saturated anion exchange resin by sulphuric acid and obtaining finished product from strippant. Note that uranium de-sorption from saturated anion exchange resin is done by sulphuric acid solution with concentration 70-100 g/l with the presence of 1-2 mole/l of ammonia sulphate.
 Extraction method of precious metals from ores and concentrates / 2479650
Method involves processing of base material during heating in water vapour atmosphere and further leaching of precious metals from processing product in solutions of reagents. Besides, processing of base material is performed in water vapour atmosphere, which is mixed with oxygen at the temperature of 300-500°C at oxygen content in gas mixture within 10-20%. Waste gases released during the processing are brought into contact with the solution that is combined with a leaching solution.
 Method and device for producing precipitate of noble metals / 2478723
Initial productive solution is clarified in filter and deoxygenated in deaerator. Then, solution is proportioned by zinc powder and sodium cyanide. Formed pulp is fed to settling filter to produce precipitate. Produced precipitate is dried by drying agent to obtain liquid condensate to be heated by wet drying off-gases with subsequent separation of liquid and gas phases, liquid phase clarification by separation of dust entrapped by off-gases in precipitate drying, and forced circulation of fluid in closed circuit to subsequent heating of productive solution.
Extraction of rhenium / 2478721
Proposed method comprises extracting essential part of rhenium from catalyst by direct contact between catalyst and one or more polar non-acid, in fact, anhydrous organic solvents. In contact with solvent, solution is formed containing said polar non-acid organic solvent and extracted rhenium. Note here that said polar non-acid organic solvent with molar structure that contains one or more atoms of oxygen, nitrogen and/or halogen.
 Plant for electrohydraulic dressing of mineral stock including gold bearing stock with high content of clay components / 2477173
Invention relates to hydrometallurgy, particularly, to mineral stock dressing devices. Proposed plant comprises reactor, control board, HV transformer, and pulse generator with bank of capacitors. Reactor is composed of rectangular cross-section vertical tube to process dry or wet mineral stock. Shelves are arranged inside said reactor hinged at 45-60 degrees to reactor vertical axis. Said shelves double as grounded electrode. HV electrode is mounted outside the reactor, at hole cut in its wall. Note here that shelf bent edge stays opposite HV electrode head to rest, from inside, onto spring-loaded support to allow vibration of shelves by shock wave effects.
Extraction method of metals from metal-containing mineral raw material / 2476610
Method involves crushing of raw material, its heaping in the form of a pile, pre-treatment of raw material in the pile, treatment of the pile with a leaching solution, dilution of metals and obtaining of productive solution with removal of metals from it. At that, pre-treatment is performed by supplying separate solutions or mixture of solutions containing surface active substance and hypochlorite to the pile. Treatment with the leaching solution is performed by means of the solution obtained by mixing in the pile volume at supply to it of separate solutions or mixture of solutions containing hypochlorite, surface-active substance and/or mineral acid. In the leaching solution there used are mixtures of mineral acids or in-series introduced mineral acids. Supply points of the above solutions to the pile can be different.
Extraction method of gold from mineral raw material / 2475547
Method involves agglomeration of mineral raw material, leaching of gold and further extraction of gold from the solution. Prior to leaching, fractional separation of mineral raw material is performed so that slurry fraction and the main volume of large-sized agglomerated mineral raw material is obtained. Slurry fraction is subject to photocatalytic cuvette leaching with mixed alkaline hypochlorite and hydrochloride solutions. Leaching of gold is performed from the main volume of large-sized agglomerated mineral raw material in stages using the solutions supplied through perforated pipes. Initially, leaching is performed in penetration mode using a concentrated cyanide solution. Then, after exposure period in diffusion mode, leaching is performed by supplying water and compressed air or weak solution of cyanides through perforated pipes.
Extraction method of fine gold particles from mineral product / 2471009
Method involves treatment of mineral product with iodine-containing reagent and separation of gold from pulp. At that, obtaining of pulp and treatment of mineral product is performed by adding the solution of reagent to mineral product in ratio of 0.5:1 with pulp stirring. Solution containing potassium bromide and alcoholic iodine solution in ratio of 1:2 is used as reagent. After treatment is completed, acid is added till pH=1, mixing, addition of alkali till pH=8-11 and further mixing is performed. Then, water dilution is performed so that flakes containing gold are formed and separated.
 Extraction method of gold from gold-bearing natural raw material / 2471008
Gold-bearing natural raw material is burnt in layer or cyclone units with possibility of formation of gaseous gold compounds in gaseous combustion products. Then, gaseous combustion products and solid dust particles contained in them are cooled down to 200°C with introduction of gaseous ammonia or ammonia water depending on percentage content sulphur in initial raw material. As a result of cooling process, gaseous gold compounds are condensed on solid dust particles, which are collected by dry entrapment performed in sleeve filter. Natural raw material can be pre-granulated or briquetted in order to reduce the output of solid dust particles at combustion. Besides, raw material is brought to total calorific capacity of not less than 9 MJ/kg by mixing it with liquid, gaseous or solid fuel.
 Extraction method of metals capable of hydrogen absorption from metals, and plant for its implementation / 2471007
Reduction is performed with hydrogen generated in solution; at that, reduction is catalysed with reduced metal itself, which is contained in finely dispersed state. Reduction process is performed in multi-pass reactor at variable pressure that is changed with frequency of 1-5 Hz from maximum to minimum values of 8 kg/cm2 to 0.25 kg/cm2. Extraction plant of metals capable of hydrogen absorption from solutions includes dosing device, modified displacement pump, electrolyser for hydrogen generation and multi-pass reactor in the form of labyrinth.
Method to extract gold from stale tailings of upstream impoundments / 2468103
Method includes drying of an industrial massif of stale tailings of upstream impoundments. Then the thickness of tailings is divided into non-productive strata including lean tailings from the upper part of the industrial massif, not exposed to hypergene changes, and productive strata from the base of the industrial massif enriched with gold and formed in the process of hypergene conversion. Then the circuit of the hypergene converted stratum is established. Afterwards tailings of upper non-productive strata are removed, and tailings of hypergene converted strata are processed. Processing is carried out by leaching with gold extraction. Gold extraction from tailings of hypergene converted productive strata is carried out with cyanidation.
Method for platinum metal recovery from secondary raw materials / 2244759
Invention relates to method for acid leaching of platinum method from secondary raw materials, in particular from ceramic support coated with platinum metal film. Target metals are leached with mixture of hydrochloric acid and alkali hypochlorite at mass ratio of OCl-/HCL = 0.22-0.25 and redox potential of 1350-1420 mV.
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FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: proposed method involves conversion of platinum metals to actively sorbed sulphate-chloride form and sorption on strong-basic anion-exchange resin. At that, sulphate solutions of platinum and rhodium, which were prepared in advance and exposed during three months, are subject to conversion of platinum metals to active sorbed form by adding to them of a hydrogen chloride acid. Sorption is performed under dynamic conditions from obtained solutions on anion-exchange resin Purolite A-500, which contains tetradic ammonium base as a functional group with further desorption in two stages. At the first stage, solution 2M NaNO3 is passed through anion-exchange resin to extract platinum, and at the second stage, solution 2 M HCl is passed through the above anion-exchange resin to extract rhodium. The method does not require any additional regeneration of a sorbent and is environmentally safe. EFFECT: simplifying and cheapening both the conversion method of sulphate forms of platinum metals to chloride metals, and the extraction and separation process of platinum and rhodium in freshly prepared and old solutions. 2 cl, 1 tbl, 3 ex
The invention relates to the field of analytical chemistry of platinum metals, in particular to methods of separation and concentration, and can be used for the separation of platinum and rhodium sulfate in fresh and aged solutions sorption method using strong-base anion-exchange. The method for extracting noble metals from aqueous solution by sorption [RF patent №2201983, C22B 11/00, C22B 3/24, publ. 10.04.2003], including sorption recovery of precious metals organic sorbent - 2-(1,3,5-Dityatin-5-yl)acetic acid in a wide range of temperatures (90-100°C) and pH (pH 1-14) for 40-60 min, which includes stages of filtration, drying and ashing sorbent-concentrate. While ash is a removable metal or a sum recoverable metals (in the case of silver - silver oxide). The disadvantages of this method include using only freshly prepared solutions, as well as the impossibility of re-use of ion exchangers due to their combustion. Therefore, another significant disadvantage of this method is an environmental hazard. There is also a method of extracting precious metals from acidic sulfate solutions [RF patent №2067125, C22B 3/24, C22B 11/00, publ. 27.09.1996], including the transmission source of the solution through the carbon layer is on the adsorbent, pre subjected to demineralization method of acid treatment and heat treatment in an inert atmosphere processing of the coal with nitric acid, then washing, drying and heat treatment for reuse in the extraction of platinum group metals. The disadvantages of this method are the low mechanical strength of carbon sorbents, and the impossibility of multiple (more than 10 times) use. The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a method of extracting platinum group metals from poor sulfate solutions [RF patent №2323986, C22B 11/00, C22B 3/24, publ. 10.05.2008], including simultaneous translation of platinum metals in activearray form the chlorination and extraction. As sorbents used ion-exchange resin based on a copolymer of styrene and divinylbenzene: strong base anion exchange resin helium structure Rossion-5 containing benzyltrimethylammonium group, or a weakly basic resin macroporous structure Rossion-10, containing primary, secondary and tertiary amino groups. The disadvantages of this method are the use of high temperatures (90°C), the duration and intensity of the process (constant stirring for four hours, the transmission of toxic chlorostoma mixture for 30 minutes). Technically the result of the invention is to simplify and reduce the cost as the transfer method of the sulfate forms of platinum metals in chloride, and the process of their extraction and separation in the freshly prepared and aged solutions. The technical result is achieved in that in the method of extraction and separation of platinum and rhodium in sulfate solutions, including translation of the platinum metals in activearray form, sorption on strong-base anion exchange resin new is that pre-freshly prepared and aged for three months sulfate solutions of platinum and rhodium is switched to sulfate-chloride by adding to them chloroethanol acid sorption is carried out in dynamic conditions from the obtained solutions by ion-exchange resin Purolite A-500, containing as functional groups of the Quaternary ammonium base, and their desorption is carried out in two stages: the first stage is passed through the sorbent solution 2M NaNO3to extract platinum and in the second stage, a solution of 2 M HCl to extract rhodium. Also new is the fact that the anion exchange resin after desorption is used to re-sorption of platinum metals without additional regeneration. The method consists in the following. In the first phase is the activation of freshly prepared and aged for three months sulfate solutions without additional cost by adding thereto 0.01 to 2.0 M chloroethanol acid so that the concentration ratio of HCl is H 2SO4was 1:1. In the resulting systems are kinetically inert sulfate complexes of platinum metals, such as [Pt2(H2O)2(SO4)4]2-, [Rh(H2O)2(SO4)]-, [Rh(OH)(H2O)(SO4)2]2-and others, which cause significant complications in the extraction of these metals becomes more labile chloride form, as evidenced by the electronic absorption spectra of the platinum metals, is shown in figure 1. They show that the maxima of the absorption spectra of chloride and sulfate-chloride solutions are identical, that is, in such systems, platinum and rhodium are in the chloride complexes, such as [PtCl6]2-, [RhCl6]3-, [Pt(OH)Cl5]2-, [Pt(OH)6]2-, [Rh(H2O)2Cl4]-and others. Next, the second stage consists of extracting platinum group metals from the prepared solutions on strong-base anion exchange resin Purolite A-500, containing as functional groups of the Quaternary ammonium base having a high exchange capacity for platinum and rhodium. Sorption characteristics of the resin depending on the acidity practically does not change with the decrease of the concentration of acids. For full recovery of noble metals from solutions of the experiment is conducted in a dynamic in the circumstances. During curing solutions within three months of the sorption parameters worsen somewhat, but remain at a high level, which is of great importance for the industry. The third phase involves the desorption of noble metals from the anion exchange resin, which is carried out with solutions of 2 M NaNO3and then 2 M HCl. The anion exchange resin after desorption is used to re-sorption of noble metals in the described way. These differences allow to draw a conclusion on the conformity of the proposed technical solution the criterion of "novelty". The features distinguishing the claimed method from the prototype, have been identified in other technical solutions in the study of this and related areas of chemistry, and, therefore, provide the claimed solution according to the criterion of "inventive level". The invention is illustrated in the drawing. Figure 1 shows the absorption spectra of the chloride (1, 3) and sulphate-chloride (2, 4) solutions of platinum and rhodium in the joint presence, derived from sulphate solutions of different time-keeping (freshly prepared solutions (1, 2) and aged for three months (3, 4)). The inventive method is carried out as follows. Translate platinum and rhodium in activearray form by introducing freshly prepared and aged for three months sulfate solution chloroethanol key is lots so to get the solutions of the following composition: concentration of H2SO4and HCl 0.01 to 2.0 mol/l (molar ratio 1:1), the concentration of platinum is 2.5·10-4mol/l (49 mg/l), rhodium 2,5·10-4mol/l (26 mg/l). Then pre-swollen anion exchange resin Purolite A-500 in the chloride form of weight 2.3 g are placed in a chromatographic column and passed through a 50 ml obtained sulphate-chloride solution with a speed of 1.5 ml/min After saturation of the sorbent ions of platinum metals let in a 2 M solution of NaNO3. In this case, platinum goes into solution and rhodium remains in the anion exchange resin. Further, the sorbent was washed with 100 ml of water and passed through a 2 M HCl solution. After separate desorption platinum and rhodium can be used for further work, either in the form of solutions, or you can put them in the metal mold by electrolysis. The anion exchange resin after desorption is used to re-sorption of noble metals in the described way. Characteristics of the proposed method are shown in table 1, where C is the concentration of platinum, rhodium, sulfuric and chloroethanol acid in the contacting solution (mol/l), R is the percentage sorption or desorption of platinum metals (%). The method is illustrated by the following examples. Example 1. Translate platinum and rhodium in activearray form by introducing freshly sulfate Rast is the PR chloroethanol acid so to get the solution of the following composition: concentration of H2SO4and HCl 0.01 mol/l (molar ratio 1:1), the concentration of platinum is 2.5·10-4mol/l (49 mg/l), rhodium 2,5·10-4mol/l (26 mg/l). Then pre-swollen anion exchange resin Purolite A-500 in the chloride form of weight 2.3 g are placed in a chromatographic column and passed through a 50 ml obtained sulphate-chloride solution with a speed of 1.5 ml/min (table 1). After saturation of the sorbent ions of platinum metals let in a 2 M solution of NaNO3for extraction of platinum. Then the sorbent was washed with 100 ml of water and passed through a 2 M solution of HCl to extract rhodium. Example 2. Translate platinum and rhodium in activearray form by introducing freshly sulfate solution chloroethanol acid so as to obtain a solution of the following composition: concentration of H2SO4and HCl 2.0 mol/l (molar ratio 1:1), the concentration of platinum is 2.5·10-4mol/l (49 mg/l), rhodium 2,5·10-4mol/l (26 mg/l). Then pre-swollen anion exchange resin Purolite A-500 in the chloride form of weight 2.3 g are placed in a chromatographic column and passed through a 50 ml obtained sulphate-chloride solution with a speed of 1.5 ml/min (table 1). After saturation of the sorbent ions of platinum metals let in a 2 M solution of NaNO3for extraction of platinum. The ZAT the sorbent was washed with 100 ml of water and passed through a 2 M solution of Hcl to extract rhodium. Example 3. Translate platinum and rhodium in activearray form by introducing into Mature within three months sulfate solution chloroethanol acid so as to obtain a solution of the following composition: concentration of H2SO4and HCl 0.01 mol/l (molar ratio 1:1), the concentration of platinum is 2.5·10-4mol/l (49 mg/l), rhodium 2,5·10-4mol/l (26 mg/l). Then pre-swollen anion exchange resin Purolite A-500 in the chloride form of weight 2.3 g are placed in a chromatographic column and passed through a 50 ml obtained sulphate-chloride solution with a speed of 1.5 ml/min (table 1). After saturation of the sorbent ions of platinum metals let in a 2 M solution of NaNO3for extraction of platinum. Then the sorbent was washed with 100 ml of water and passed through a 2 M solution of Hcl to extract rhodium.
The use of the claimed invention opens the possibility to obtain separate rhodium and platinum from sulfate solutions of spent catalysts. For processes of sorption and desorption are used cheap, non-toxic solutions of sodium nitrate and chloroethanol acid needed in small quantities, which allows the development of environmentally friendly technologies to extract the deposits of platinum metals and to avoid additional operations regeneration of the anion exchange resin. The method allows to extract the platinum metals more than 99%. Thus, the use of the proposed technical solution is simplified and reduced the price as the translation of platinum metals in activearray form, without additional cost, and the process of sorption, there is no need to hold it at a temperature of 90°C and pass through the solution chlorobutanol mixture. Also there is possibility for extraction and separation not only prepared, but also in combination of solutions, which are characterized by the presence of kinetically inert forms of Aqua - complexes of Pt and Rh are trudnosorbiruemye connections. 1. The method of extraction and separation of platinum and rhodium in sulfate solutions, including translation of the platinum metals in activearray sulfate-chloride form, sorption on strong-base anion exchange resin, characterized in that the transfer platinum metals in activearray form is subjected to pre-freshly prepared and aged for three months sulfate solutions of platinum and rhodium by adding to them chloroethanol acid, while sorption is carried out in dynamic conditions from the obtained solutions by ion-exchange resin Purolite A-500, containing as functional groups of the Quaternary ammonium base, followed by desorption in the two-stage, and the first step is passed through the anion exchange resin in a solution of 2M NaNO3for extraction of platinum, and the second stage is the solution of 2 M HCl to extract rhodium. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the anion exchange resin after desorption is used to re-sorption of platinum metals without additional regeneration.
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