Method of producing high strength and capacity carbon sorbent |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method of producing high strength and capacity carbon sorbent (RU 2464226):
 Method of extraction of rare-earth elements from technological and productive solutions / 2462523
Method for extracting rare-earth elements from the technological and productive solutions containing iron (III) and aluminium, with a pH-0.5÷2.5, includes the sorption of rare-earth elements with strong-acid cation resin. As the strong-acid cation resin the microporous strong-acid cation resin is used based on hypercrosslinked polystyrene having a size of micropores 1-2 nm.
Method for gold extraction from cyanide solutions with dissolved mercury contained in them / 2460814
Method for gold extraction from cyanide solutions with dissolved mercury contained in them, gold-bearing ores formed during leaching, involves sorption of gold and mercury on activated carbon with enrichment of activated carbon with gold and mercury. Then, gold desorption is performed with alkali-cyanide solution under autoclave conditions, gold electrolysis from strippants so that cathode deposit is obtained and its remelting is performed so that finished products are obtained in the form of raw base gold alloy. Prior to gold desorption the selective desorption of mercury is performed by treatment of saturated carbon with alkali-cyanide solution containing 15-20 g/l of sodium cyanide and 3-5 g/l of sodium hydroxide, at temperature of 18-20°C and atmospheric pressure during 10 hours.
Method of extracting gold using macroporous resins / 2459880
Proposed method comprises preparing leaching solution bearing gold, and gold sorption by macroporous resin containing alkyl amine functional groups in amount of 0.01-1.0 mmol/g and 3-12% of cross-links with water retaining capacity making, at least, 30%, and specific surface area varying from 400 to 1200 m2/g. After sorption, gold is eluted.
Method of phosphogypsum processing for manufacture of concentrate of rare-earth elements and gypsum / 2458999
Method of phosphogypsum processing involves leaching of phosphogypsum with sulphuric acid solution with change-over of phosphorus and rare-earth elements to the solution, and gypsum residues is obtained, rare-earth elements are extracted from the solution and the gypsum residue is neutralised with the main calcium compound. In addition, leaching is performed with sulphuric acid solution with concentration of 1-5 wt %. After that, rare-earth elements are extracted from the solution by sorption using sulfocationite in hydrogen or ammonia form with further desorption of rare-earth elements with ammonia sulphate solution. After desorption to the obtained strippant there added is ammonia or ammonium carbonate with deposition and separation of hydroxide or carbon-bearing concentrate of rare-earth elements. Extraction of rare-earth elements of medium and yttrium groups to concentrates is 41-67% and 28-51.4% respectively. Specific consumption of neutralising calcium compound per 1 kg of phosphogypsum has been reduced at least by 1.6 times.
 Multicolumn sequential extraction of ionic metal derivative / 2458725
Invention may be used in hydrometallurgy. Proposed invention allows separating such metals as uranium, nickel, copper and cobalt present in liquid wastes of ore leaching. Solution containing metal ions is forced through stationary layer of resin, Particularly, through, at least, three zones. Note here that solution drive appliances are arranged between adjacent zones and between last and first zones. Proposed method comprises several sequences, each comprising, at least, one step selected from steps of adsorption, washing and desorption. Every next sequence is performed by shifting fronts into zones downstream of circuit with identical increment unless cyclic shift of inlet and discharge points.
 Method of ion-exchange uranium extraction from sulfuric solutions and pulps / 2458164
Method includes uranium sorption by anion exchange resin, uranium de-sorption from saturated anion exchange resin by sulphuric acid and obtaining finished product from strippant. Note that uranium de-sorption from saturated anion exchange resin is done by sulphuric acid solution with concentration 70-100 g/l with the presence of 1-2 mole/l of ammonia sulphate.
Method of gold extraction from mercury-containing cyanic solutions / 2458160
Method of gold extraction from mercury-containing cyanic solutions consists in sorption by ion-exchange resin of AM-2B mark. Then mercury de-sorption is carried out from saturated ion-exchange resin at a temperature 40-50°C and for 6 hours and aurum de-sorption. Note that mercury de-sorption is done by solution containing sulfuric acid 30-50 g/l with the presence of hydrogen peroxide 5-10 g/l.
 Extraction method of amount of rare-earth elements from solutions / 2457266
Extraction method of rare-earth elements from solutions containing multiple excess iron (III) and aluminium, with pH=0.5÷2.5 involves sorption using macroporous sulfocationite as sorbent. At that, as sorbent there used is macroporous sulfocationite containing more than 12 to 20% of divinyl benzene.
 Method for extracting metals from depulped ores / 2454470
Method for extracting metals from depulped ores involves crushing, ore depulping in leached solution and sorption of metal. Leaching is performed in ultrasound pulp cavitation mode. Metal sorption on ion-exchange resin is performed from pulp filtration solution in intensity field of alternating current in sorption activation mode of extracted metal and suppression of sorption of impurities. At that, polarity of electrodes is constantly changed to avoid deposition of metal on cathode. Leaching and sorption of metal is performed in a unit providing solution circulation till the specified completeness of leaching from ore and its complete sorption on ion-exchange resin is achieved.
Method for sorption extraction of iron from nitrate salt solutions / 2453368
Invention relates to ion exchange and can be used for sorption extraction of iron from salt solutions formed when processing aluminium-containing material using acid techniques. Extraction of iron to residual content of Fe2O3 in the purified solution of not more than 0.001% is carried out through sorption of iron with a cationite in H-form, containing aminodiacetic functional groups. The iron sorption and desorption steps are alternated without intermediate washing of the cationite. Iron is desorbed in counterflow conditions with nitric acid solution.
Method to produce palladium soluble in nitric acid / 2463366
Production of palladium soluble in nitric acid is carried out by restoration of a suspension of a compound PdCl2 by sodium or ammonium formate in acid or weak-acid medium. Restoration is carried out at the temperature of 50-110°C.
Method of processing industrial mineral stock to extract valuable and/or toxic components / 2461637
Proposed method consists in leaching of valuable and/or toxic components. Prior to leaching, sintering of mineral stock is executed by cement, calcium oxide and solution produced by mixing active soda solution subjected to photoelectrochemical treatment with leaching reagents. After sintering, pile is made from sintered material. Leaching consists in sprinkling said pile by water or aforesaid active soda solution.
Method for gold extraction from cyanide solutions with dissolved mercury contained in them / 2460814
Method for gold extraction from cyanide solutions with dissolved mercury contained in them, gold-bearing ores formed during leaching, involves sorption of gold and mercury on activated carbon with enrichment of activated carbon with gold and mercury. Then, gold desorption is performed with alkali-cyanide solution under autoclave conditions, gold electrolysis from strippants so that cathode deposit is obtained and its remelting is performed so that finished products are obtained in the form of raw base gold alloy. Prior to gold desorption the selective desorption of mercury is performed by treatment of saturated carbon with alkali-cyanide solution containing 15-20 g/l of sodium cyanide and 3-5 g/l of sodium hydroxide, at temperature of 18-20°C and atmospheric pressure during 10 hours.
Method of extracting gold using macroporous resins / 2459880
Proposed method comprises preparing leaching solution bearing gold, and gold sorption by macroporous resin containing alkyl amine functional groups in amount of 0.01-1.0 mmol/g and 3-12% of cross-links with water retaining capacity making, at least, 30%, and specific surface area varying from 400 to 1200 m2/g. After sorption, gold is eluted.
Method for extracting platinum from electronic scrap wastes / 2458998
Method for extracting platinum from electronic scrap wastes involves scrap crushing and melting in furnace using a molten header. As header there used is metal bismuth with addition of 0.5-1.0 wt % of indium, which is mixed with electronic scrap wastes in ratio of (2.0-2.5):1 as to weight at temperature of 800°C. Then, exposure is performed during 30-45 minutes. After the exposure the temperature in the furnace is increased up to 900-1000°C and the obtained molten bismuth - platinum alloy is oxidised by air blowing so that bismuth is changed over to oxide, and platinum - to globule enriched with platinum.
 Method for extracting metals from solid slag when it is being discharged from coal-fired boiler, and device for its implementation / 2458997
Solid slag is supplied from taphole to vacuum furnace during coal firing so that molten slag and gaseous oxides are obtained and removed from the furnace for further processing. Molten slag is tapped to ladle, blown with heated air and supplied to a centrifuge for separation of particles of precious metals. Heated pulverised coal is supplied to cleaned slag, and liquid drops of copper, iron, nickel, cobalt, vanadium, manganese and chrome, as well as vapours of reduced lithium and zinc are separated from slag. Reduced liquid and vaporous metals are continuously tapped from centrifuge for further processing. Then, slag is sprayed due to centrifugal forces, and sprayed slag drops are pre-cooled till their surface is hardened in opposite moving cooling medium flow. Then, they are collected, exposed in slag accumulator and cooled with air in slag cooler. In addition, the air heated in slag cooler is used in boiler burners and for blowdown of molten slag that is cooled in condenser after it hardens the slag. Condensate is used for pre-cooling of sprayed slag.
Method of gold extraction from gravity concentrates / 2458162
Method consists in filling the reactor with concentrate and gold leaching by way of cyanide solution circulation that leaches gold in reactor with supply of compressed oxygen used as oxidising agent. Note that compressed oxygen is supplied to reaction zone through dispergator directly before the reaction zone under pressure exceeding the pressure of cyanide solution supply into reactor by not less than 0.05 atm. Leaching is carried out at maintaining the content of dissolved oxygen in cyanide solution at a level 5-10 mg/l and analysing the gold content in solution every hour. After repeating the analysis results for gold content within 1 hour of constant value the leaching process is stopped via the stop of compressed air supply.
 Sulphide auriferous flotation concentrates processing method / 2458161
Method involves concentrate bio-oxidation with bio-pulp obtaining, its dehydration with cake obtaining and its processing with the extraction of gold. Bio-pulp dehydration is done by two-stage centrifuging. At the first stage 90-95% of bio-pulp is dehydrated with centrate of first stage obtaining that contains solid not more than 10-14 g/l and cake with moisture not less than 40%. Not less than 1 g/m3 of antifoaming agent is added to centrate obtained after first stage, the agent is selected from silicone organic antifoaming agents, for example, Penta® 474, and directed to the second stage of centrifuging at maintaining fluid level height in centrifugal drum not less than 10 mm with obtaining centrate that contains solid not more than 0.8 g/l. The cakes obtained after the first and second stage of centrifuging are combined and directed for further processing of gold extraction.
Method of gold extraction from mercury-containing cyanic solutions / 2458160
Method of gold extraction from mercury-containing cyanic solutions consists in sorption by ion-exchange resin of AM-2B mark. Then mercury de-sorption is carried out from saturated ion-exchange resin at a temperature 40-50°C and for 6 hours and aurum de-sorption. Note that mercury de-sorption is done by solution containing sulfuric acid 30-50 g/l with the presence of hydrogen peroxide 5-10 g/l.
 Method for obtaining metallic silver from argentum chalcogenide / 2458159
Invention refers to method for obtaining metallic silver from its chalcogenide. Method consists in its mixing with alkaline agent, mixture roasting and sinter processing by water with metallic silver residue separation. Alkaline agent is equimolecular mixture of nitrate and sodium nitrite taken in quantity 105-110% of stoichiometry of argentum reducing reaction. The roasting is done at 375-400°C with nitrogen dioxide separation and formation of sinter that contains argentum and sodium chalcogenate. Water processing is done without sinter preliminary cooling. Decrease of roasting temperature reaches 125°C, the consumption of alkaline agent reduces by 8.3-30%.
Method of producing impregnated sorbent / 2461420
Invention relates to production sorbents intended for entrapping radioactive isotopes. Proposed method comprises preparing impregnation solution that contains triethylendiamine and potassium or barium iodide, impregnating active carbon grains with said solution, aging and thermal treatment. Carbon with grain size of 1.5-3.5 mm, volume of micro pores of 0.35-0.60 cm3/g, volume of transfer pores of 0.15-0.35 cm3/g, is used. Impregnation is performed dispensing impregnation solution. Total volume of impregnation solution makes 0.82-1.00 of total volume of pores of active carbon.
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FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of producing a carbon sorbent used for extracting rare metals, particularly gold cyanide from aqueous alkaline solutions. The method involves treatment of activated carbon with a polymer with amino groups. Activated charcoal is treated using polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride in form of an aqueous solution. After treatment, alkali is added while stirring and the solution is separated from the carbon. The carbon is saturated with ammonia solution, phenol and formalin. The mixture is held while boiling for 1-5 hours and the carbon separated from the solution is dried at 150-160°C. EFFECT: obtaining a carbon composition with high strength and anion-exchange capacity from readily available and cheap charcoal. 1 tbl, 5 ex
The method relates to the production of coal sorbents used for water purification and extraction of anions, including the complex of gold cyanide from aqueous alkaline solutions. The use of activated carbon for water purification from metal ions and organic impurities has long been known and is widely used in technological practice, including for the extraction of complex cyanide of gold [Wastler, Majorityof. Metallurgy of noble metals. - M.: the MMA, 2002, s]. A significant drawback of coal sorbents is their low mechanical strength, which is about 60% [GOST 6217-74] for coal varieties BAU and 94-96% for charcoal made from coconut shell. Thus the capacity of the activated carbon is 0.2-0.3 g-EQ/kg Modification of carbon materials by application of complexing agents known as adsorption-kompleksoobrazovateleyj method for the separation and concentration of ions [ed. mon. The USSR # 99924]. Application of sorbents can increase porosity, increase the selectivity of [U.S. Pat. Of the Russian Federation No. 2172209, 2288514, 2393111], to enhance the frictional characteristics of the coal compositions [U.S. Pat. U.S. No. 5952447]. The method used for preconcentration of metal ions [Sov. The influence of some complexing agents for the quantitative determination of ions of Cu2+IU the Odom solid-phase spectrophotometry. // Scientific Bulletin of Dinner. Series chemistry. 2010. VIP. S-138. Pat. Of the Russian Federation No. 2104778]. Activated carbon effectively adsorb organic substances, in particular phenol from aqueous solutions [Liiiive, Wowturkey, Down, Vouchering. Adsorption of phenol // SibFU. 2009, №1, s-32]. In the presence of formaldehyde on its surface is formed phenol-formaldehyde resin, which changes the physico-chemical characteristics of the coal. This method of modification of physico-chemical properties of the carbon porous materials using impregnator, consisting of a solution of shale phenols, furfural and polyethylenepolyamines, implemented in [Yevdokimova, Lietuviska. // Oil shale industry, 1986, No. 1, p.18-21]. This way the technical nature of the close of the present invention and may serve as a prototype. Modificate the surface of the coal, apparently, is as follows:
As a result of adsorption of the reactants on the surface of coal and their subsequent reactions with formaldehyde formed methylol and imine groups. Object of the invention is the production of carbon sorbents with high sorption efficiency and increased abrasion resistance. This task is achieved by the fact that the quality of raw materials used cheap charcoal and imp is egnater, consisting of phenol, formaldehyde, guanidine (metacid). The method consists in the application of guanidine on the surface of the charcoal brand BAU-A. Because metacid easily washed off with water, so they conduct curing it with the participation of phenol and formalin. The technical result of this method is the production of carbon sorbent with improved physico-chemical characteristics, in particular high strength and capacity. The General features of the proposed method and the prototype are, first, that as a sorbent carbon material is used, secondly, coal integriruetsa polymer containing amino groups. The hallmark of the claimed invention from the known method is the absence of annealing of the modified carbon material, anchoring polymer phase coal joint polycondensation with phenol and formaldehide. Such processing of coal provides increased strength and reduced abrasion, and high and stable sorption capacity due to the presence of coal composition guanidino functional groups, sewn into the polymer matrix. High specific surface area and porosity of coal provide good kinetic sorption characteristics unattainable for compact copolymer metacid, pheno is a and formaldehyde. Schematically the structure of the modified coal can be represented as follows:
The technical result of the invention is the production of carbon composition of high strength and anion-exchange capacity of the available and inexpensive charcoal. The proposed method consists in the following. First dissolve polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride in hot water, then poured into a solution activated carbon. To the mixture under vigorous stirring portions add an aqueous solution of alkali. When this polymer is planted in the form of a thin suspension and is adsorbed by the charcoal. The aqueous phase is drained, and the coal is poured ammonia solution. In ammonia solution is poured phenol and formaldehyde. The mixture is boiled for 1-5 h and filtered. The coal is washed with an alkaline solution and finally with cold water until neutral pH, dried. The method is confirmed by specific examples. Properties of the modified samples of coals in the table.
Example 1. 16 g (0.1 mol) of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride when heated, dissolved in 150 ml of water, then add 20 g of activated charcoal, 6 g of phenol in 20 ml of ISO-propanol. To the mixture in parts poured 20 ml of ammonia, 10 ml (40%) of formalin and boiled for 5 hours the Aqueous solution is filtered, the coal is washed with water, dried at tcomm Weight 25 g of Sample Aug-1. Strength n the abrasion (according to GOST 6217-74) and total capacity shown in the table. Example 2. 16 g (0.1 mol) of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride when heated, dissolved in 200 ml of water, in aqueous solution pour 20 g of activated charcoal and cooled to tconn In a container with stirring, add 6 g of phenol in 20 ml of ISO-propanol and 20 ml of aqueous ammonia. To the resulting mixture is poured 20 ml (40%) of formalin and boiled for 1 h Aqueous solution is separated by decantation, the coal is washed with water, dried at 100°C. the Weight 26 g (Aug-2). Abrasion (according to GOST 6217-74) and total capacity shown in the table. Example 3. 16 g (0,097 mol) polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride are dissolved in 200 ml of water at boiling. In the solution, pour 20 g of activated charcoal, cooled to tconn and stirred for 1 h and Then in parts poured 100 ml of 10% alkali under vigorous stirring, with polyhexamethylene guanidine planted in the form of a thin slurry and sorbed on charcoal, the solution is clarified. The aqueous alkaline solution is separated by decantation. Coal add 200 ml of water with 40 ml of aqueous ammonia. In parts poured 5.6 g (0,06 mole) of phenol, stirred 1 h, then add 20 ml (40%) of formalin and boil 3 hours After cooling, the aqueous solution is drained, washed coal 10% alkali, then with water until neutral pH, dried, calcined at 150° C. Yield 24.5 g (Aug-3). Example 4. In the same way as in example 3, except that the polycondensation is avodat in ammoniacal solution of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride in the presence of 4 g (0,04 mole) of phenol and 10 ml of formalin, in for 1 hour under vigorous stirring. After cooling the charcoal is filtered for the removal of phenol was washed with an alkaline solution, then with water until neutral, dried, annealed at 160°C. the Output of coal sorbent of 29.3 g (Aug-4). Example 5. In the same way as in example 3, but instead of charcoal used coconut charcoal. Processing is similar to example 4. AGU-5 (see table). The method of obtaining carbon sorbent, including the processing of activated carbon polymer with amino groups, wherein the treatment machine wood activated carbon with the use of the polymer of guanidine hydrochloride in aqueous solution followed by the addition of alkali under stirring and separation of the solution from the coal, and after the aforementioned processing, the coal is poured ammonia solution, phenol and formalin, the mixture was kept at boiling for 1-5 h, then separated from the solution, the coal is dried at 150-160°C.
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