Method of producing polyisocyanurate composite material |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
IPC classes for russian patent Method of producing polyisocyanurate composite material (RU 2434027):
 Amphiphilic polymer compositions and use thereof / 2378293
Invention relates to an amphiphilic polymer composition used in compositions of active substances used for protecting plants from pathogens, phytopathogens or wood destroying fungi, insects etc, or in compositions of additives to food products. The given composition is obtained by reacting (i) at least one hydrophobic polymer P1, which is made from ethylene unsaturated monomers M1, and (ii) at least one hydrophilic polymer P2, which is in form of aliphatic polyethers consisting of at least 50 wt % ethylene oxide groups, with (iii) at least one compound V containing isocyanate groups, which has functionality of 1.5-4.5 relative the isocyanate groups, and is selected from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic di- and polyisocyanates, as well as from isocyanurates, allophanates, uretdiones and biurets. Ethylene unsaturated monomers M1 contain: (a1) from 50 to 99 wt % in terms of total amount of monomers M1, monomers M1a of general formula I
 Non-volatile catalysts, containing imine bonds and tertiary amines and polyurethane material obtained using said catalysts / 2376322
Catalyst is a product of reacting compounds (a) and (b). Compound (a) is a mixture of (i) a compound which contains at least one opxy group with (ii) a compound which contains an alcohol, amino-, thio- or carboxyl group and an aldehyde or ketone group. Compound (b) contains at least one primary amino group and at least one tertiary amino group.
 Method of producing polyisocyanates / 2361857
Invention relates to the method of producing polyisocyanate, which involves (a) formation of polyisocyanate in a reaction system through reaction of polyamine, on which polyisocyanate is based, in a solution of inert solvent with phosgene, optionally in a solution of inert solvent; (b) separation of solvent from polyisocyanate, formed at stage (a) by evaporation or fractional distillation; (c) bringing the separated solvent to temperature between 10°C and 150°C and subsequent processing of the separated solvent with isocyanate trimerisation catalyst for trimerisation of isocyanate impurities in the separated solvent; (d) transferring the processed solvent from stage (c) to the reaction system at stage (a).
Method of polyurethanedi(met)acrylates production / 2355714
Invention concerns method of obtaining polyurethanedi(met)acrylates applicable as binders for powder coatings applied on metal substrates, plastic parts, fiber-reinforced plastic parts. Polyurethanedi(met)acrylates are obtained by interaction of diisocyanate component, diol component and hydroxy-C2-C4-alkyl(met)acrylate at mol ratio of x:(x-1):2, where x takes any value from 2 to 5. 1,6-hexanediisocyanate comprises 50 to 80 mol % of diisocyanate component, and one or two diisocyanates selected out of defined diisocyanate group where mol content of respective diisocyanates amount to 100 mol % comprise(s) 20 to 50 mol %, so that each diisocyanate comprises at least 10 mol % of diisocyanate component. Diol component includes not more than four different diols, and at least one linear aliphatic alpha, omega-C2-C12-diol comprises 20 to 100 mol % of diol component, while at least one (cyclo)aliphatic diol different from linear aliphatic alpha, omega-C2-C12-diols comprises 0 to 80 mol %. Each diol of the diol component comprises at least 10 mol % of diol component, and mol content or respective diols amounts to 100 mol %. Due to the absence of solvent in polyurethanedi(met)acrylate production, further cleaning of end product is not required, thus increasing process product output.
Method of obtaining compounded foam polyurethane / 2355713
Invention concerns method of obtaining compounded foam polyurethanes for operation as shock, heat and sound absorbing layers. Compounded foam polyurethanes are obtained by interaction of 100 weight parts of polyol component and 20 weight parts of polyisocyanate component, where polyol component is mixed preliminarily with 70-100 weight parts of rubber chips, and reaction mix is foamed and solidified at 160°C or higher to component destruction temperature. Butadiene and piperylene copolymer with 1200-3200 molecular weight and 0.8-1.1% content of hydroxylic groups is used as polyol component, and polymethylenepolyphenylisocyanate with 29-31% content of isocyanate groups is used as polyisocyanate component.
Polyurethane resin, obtained from poly hydroxilated resins, method of obtaining it and its application / 2331655
Invention pertains to polyurethane resin, which is a product of a reaction between at least one diisocyanate and components, containing functional groups, which have capacity to react with isocyanates, with the following composition: (a) first group, which is formed by one or more polyester-polyols based on ethers, each of which has average molecular mass ranging from 400 to 12000 g/mol, (b) second group, formed by one or more poly hydroxilated resins, chosen from a defined group of resins, (c) optional third group, formed by one or more polyols, each of which has average molecular mass, equal to or less than 800 g/mol, which are also chosen from a defined group of polyols, and (d) at least one amine and a reaction chain-stopping agent. The ratio of equivalent masses of diisocyanate and components, containing functional groups, with capacity to react with isocyanates, is chosen such that, naturally all isocyanate groups of diisocyanate are present as a product of the reaction with one of the above mentioned functional groups, with capacity to react with isocyanates. The invention also relates to the method of obtaining the above mentioned polyurethane resin, to polyurethane resin obtained through such methods, to coating for plastic substrates, containing the proposed resin, as a polyolefin binding substance, to use of such a polyurethane resin as a film forming substance in printing ink for printing on plastic substrates, as well as to the method of obtaining a laminate, which has a layer obtained when printing an image, including stages (a)-(d), with use of coating from polyurethane resin, and to a laminate, obtained using such a method.
Polyurethane composition / 2280048
Invention relates to compositions of molded polyurethane elastomers showing high physico-mechanical characteristics and providing high cyclic stability of products at alternate loadings within a wide operation temperature range. Invention may be used in rubber industry to manufacture cast tires and rolls for monorail vehicles. Composition according to invention contains polyoxytetramethylene glycol, mixture of 2,4-tolylenediisocyanate and 1,6-hexamethylenediisocyanate at molar ratio (0.8-0.9):0.1, and 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane in the form of solution in polyoxytetramethylene glycol at molar ratio (0.67-0.7):(0.29-0.30) as liquid hardener.
Priming composition comprising aromatic polyurethane polyol, method for applying cover, method for car finishing / 2278138
Invention relates to aromatic polyurethane polyols used as components of priming compositions. Invention describes the priming composition comprising aromatic polyurethane polyol including product of reaction: (a) at least one diol component among number of α,β-diols, α,γ-diols and their mixtures; (b) at least one triisocyanate; (c) at least one diisocyanate wherein at least one isocyanate is aromatic one, and molecular mass or aromatic polyurethane polyol is 3000 Da, not above, and a cross-linking agent also. Prepared aromatic polyurethane polyol shows viscosity value by Brookfield at the level 8260 centipoises, OH-number 192.6 KOH/g and the dispersity (Mn/Mw) at the level 3.0. Priming compositions prepared by using indicated aromatic polyurethane polyol are useful in finishing large means of transportation, for example, trains, trucks, buses and airplanes, in particular, in vehicle body works. Also, invention relates methods for applying priming compositions on support comprising applying indicated compositions, and to a method for finishing car in repairs comprising applying the indicated priming composition.
 Polyisocyanate crosslinking composition and its preparation / 2233851
The invention relates to the production of a mixture of polyfunctional isocyanates and use it as an isocyanate component and simultaneously cross-linking agent when receiving both hard and flexible foams
 Polyurethane elastomers containing allophanate-modified isocynates / 2433145
Present invention relates to a method of producing a polyurethane elastomer, involving reaction of a reaction mixture via reaction injection moulding, where the reaction mixture contains: (A) a polyisocyanate component, (B) an isocyanate-reactive component, in the presence of (C) a catalyst composition and, if needed, (D) one or more ultraviolet stabilisers and, if needed, (E) one or more pigments, wherein the relative amount of (A) and (B) is such that the isocyanate index ranges from approximately 100 to approximately 120. Component (A) contains: (I) allophanate-modified polyisocyanate having content of NCO groups ranging from approximately 15 to approximately 35 wt %, and containing a reaction product: (1) (cyclo)aliphatic polyisocyanate having content of NCO groups ranging from approximately 25 to approximately 60 wt %, with (2) organic alcohol selected from a group comprising aliphatic alcohols containing 1-36 carbon atoms, cycloaliphatic alcohols containing 5-24 carbon atoms, and aromatic alcohols containing approximately 7-12 carbon atoms, in which the alcohol group is not bonded directly to the aromatic carbon atom; or (II) a prepolymer of allophanate-modified polyisocyanate, where the prepolymer has content of NCO groups from approximately 10 to approximately 35 wt %, and contains a reaction product: (1) allophanate-modified polyisocyanate having content of NCO groups from approximately 15 to approximately 35 wt %, which is a reaction product: (a) (cyclo)aliphatic polyisocyanate having content of NCO groups from approximately 25 to approximately 60 wt %, and (b) organic alcohol selected from a group comprising aliphatic alcohols containing 1-36 carbon atoms, cycloaliphatic alcohols containing 5-24 carbon atoms, and aromatic alcohols containing approximately 7-12 carbon atoms, in which the alcohol group is not bonded directly to the aromatic carbon atom; with (2) an isocyanate-reactive component having functionality from approximately 2 to approximately 6 and molecular weight from approximately 60 to approximately 4000. Component (B) contains: (1) from approximately 70 to approximately 90 wt % per 100 wt % (B) one or more polyetherpolyols with low saturation, having functionality from approximately 2 to approximately 8, molecular weight from approximately 2000 to approximately 8000 and containing a maximum of 0.01 meq/g unsaturation, (2) from approximately 10 to approximately 30 wt % per 100 wt % (B) one or more organic compounds having molecular weight from approximately 60 to approximately 150, having hydroxyl functionality of approximately 2 and not containing primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine groups, and (3) from approximately 0 to approximately 5 wt % per 100 wt % (B) one or more organic compounds having molecular weight from approximately 200 to approximately 500, having functionality from 3 to 4 and containing amine-initiated polyetherpolyol. The catalyst composition (C) contains: (1) one or more catalyst of formula:
 Polyurea/polythiourea coatings / 2429249
Polyurea and polythiourea contained in the disclosed compositions are obtained from a reaction mixture containing: a first component which contains isocyanate and isocyanate-functional polythioether-polyurethane and/or polythiourethane; and a second component containing an amine; from a reaction mixture which contains: a first component containing isocyanate; a second component containing amine and amine/hydroxy-functional polythioether; and from a reaction mixture containing a first component which contains isocyanate and isocyanate-functional polythioether-polyurethane and/or polythiourethane; and a second component containing amine and amine/hydroxy-functional polythioether, respectively.
Method of producing polyisocyanurate polyurethane material / 2428436
Invention relates to an elastomeric polyisocyanurate polyurethane material with 5-45% content of hard blocks, Shore hardness A 10-99 (DIN 53505) and elongation at fracture 5-1000% (DIN 53504), as well as a method of producing said material. Said material is obtained by reacting polyisocyanate with a component which is capable of reacting with isocyanate, where the reaction is carried out at isocyanate index ranging from 150 to 5000 and in the presence of a trimerisation catalyst. The polyisocyanate contains a) 80-100 wt % diphenylmethane diisocyanate which contains at least 40 wt % 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and/or modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate which, at temperature 25°C, is a liquid and has NCO value of at least 20 wt % (polyisocyanate a), and b) 20-0 wt % of another polyisocyanate (polyisocyanate b), wherein the amount of polyisocyanate a) and polyisocyanate b) is calculated based on the total amount of polyisocyanate a) and polyisocyanate b). The component which is capable of reacting with isocyanate contains a) 80-100 wt % polyether polyol with average nominal functionality 2-6, average equivalent weight 1100-5000 and oxyethylene (EO) content 50-90 wt %, and b) 20-0 wt % of another one or more groups of compounds capable of reacting with isocyanate, where the amount of polyol a) and compound b) is calculated based on the total amount of polyol a) and compound b).
Foamed polyurethane, synthesis method thereof and continuous method for synthesis of alkoxylated hydroxylate of plant oil / 2423391
Invention relates to foamed polyurethane used in a wide range of articles, such as inner component parts of cars, structural polyurethane foam, floor covering and sports race tracks, as well as a production method thereof and a continuous method of producing alkoxylated hydroxylate of plant oil. The foamed polyurethane is a product of reaction of at least one polyisocyanate and at least one alkoxylated hydroxylate of plant oil containing from approximately 15 wt % to approximately 90 wt % alkoxylate relative the weight of the alkoxylated hydroxylate of plant oil, wherein alkoxylation is carried out in the presence of a catalyst based on a double metal cyanide (DMC) in amount of 0.0005-1 wt % relative the amount of a polyol derivative, optionally at least one polyol which is not based on plant oil, in the presence of at least one foaming agent and one catalyst different from the catalyst based on DMC, selected from a group comprising organotin and/or amine catalysts, optionally in the presence of at least one surfactant, pigments, fire retardants and filler materials.
Elastic foamed polyurethane and synthesis method thereof / 2422469
Present invention relates to soft elastic foamed polyurethane with apparent density less than 15 kg/m3 and rigidity in compression less than 1.5 kPa. Said foamed polyurethane is obtained by reacting (a) toluene diisocyanate (TDI) with (b) a mixture of polyols containing (b1) 60-90 pts.wt of at least one polyetherpolyol with nominal functionality of 2-6, content of ethylene oxide links higher than 60 wt %, mainly primary hydroxyl groups and hydroxyl number of 10-112, and (b2) 10-40 pts.wt of at least one polyetherpolyol with nominal functionality 2-6, content of ethylene oxide links of 0-30 wt %, mainly secondary hydroxyl groups and hydroxyl number 8-112, (c) water, (d) carbon dioxide dissolved under pressure in amount of at least 6 pts.wt per 100 pts.wt of component (b), (e) structuring substances if needed, (f) when using silicon-based foam stabilisers, activators, metal catalysts and other auxiliary substances usually used to produce foamed polyurethanes, wherein the isocyanate index is equal 80-100.
 Foamed polyurethane and method of producing foamed polyurethane / 2419637
Present invention relates to foamed polyurethane which can be used in many fields with strict environmental safety requirements, where the percentage content of renewable resources and high tear resistance are required. Foamed polyurethane is a product of reaction of at least one polyisocyanate with a polyol component, in the presence of at least one foaming agent and at least one catalyst selected from a group comprising amine catalysts and organotin catalysts, if needed, in the presence of at least one surfactant, other cross-linking agents, chain extenders, pigments, flame retardants and filling materials. The polyol component contains a polymer-polyol (PMPO) selected from a group comprising styreneacrylonitrile (SAN) polymer-polyols, PHD polymer-polyols and PIPA polymer-polyols, at least 25 wt % of the weight of the polyol component of the vegetable oil hydroxylate with functionality between 1.5 and 6 and molecular weight between 300 and 10000, and 0-3 wt % of the weight of the polyol component of a polyatomic aliphatic alcohol with functionality between 3 and 8 and molecular weight less than 350, and if needed, a polyol not based on vegetable oil. The invention also describes a method of producing the foamed polyurethane described above.
 Polyurethane dispersing resin / 2418815
Present invention relates to a polyurethane dispersing resin, primarily having a polyurethane chain which contains hydrophilic groups of the side chain based on polyalkylene oxide, where groups of the side chain are covalently bonded to the polyurethane backbone chain, and where content of polyalkylene oxide in the polyurethane dispersing resin is at least 45 wt % and not more than 80 wt %. Polyurethane also contains hydrophobic groups on the side chain, which are covalently bonded to the polyurethane backbone chain. The invention also describes a coating composition containing said polyurethane dispersing resin, methods of preparing said composition and use of the polyurethane dispersing resin to prepare a composition for mixing with a pigment.
 Method of moulding rigid foamed polyurethanes with improved thermal conductivity / 2418810
Present invention relates to moulding rigid foamed polyurethane for use in household electric appliances, having ratio of the density of the moulded foamed polyurethane (kg/m3) to λ(10°c) (mW/m·K), measured 2 hours after obtaining the foamed polyurethane, between 1.65 and 2.15, as well as moulded density of 33-38 kg/m3. Given foamed polyurethane is obtained by injecting the reaction mixture into a closed mould with compacting factor of 1.03-1.9, where density of the mould at low pressure is between 300 and 950 mbar, and the reaction mixture contains: (A) organic polyisocyanate, (B) physical foaming agent, (C) polyol composition containing at least one polyol with functionality equal to or greater than 3 and hydroxyl number between 300 and 800, (D) water making up of 0-2.5 wt % of the overall polyol formulation, (E) catalyst and (F) auxiliary substances and/or additives.
Method of producing polyisocyanurate polyurethane material / 2415877
Method involves reaction of polyisocyanate and a component capable of reacting with isocyanate, where the reaction takes place at isocyanate index between 1600 and 100000 and in the presence of a trimerisation catalyst, and where content of hard blocks is at least equal to 50%. The polyisocyanate contains a) 75-100 wt % diphenyl methane diisocyanate which contains at least 40 wt % 4,4'-diphenyl methane diisocyanate and/or a derivative of the said diphenyl methane diisocyanate, which is liquid at 25°C and has NCO value of at least 20 wt % (polyisocyanate a), and b) 25-0 wt % of another polyisocyanate (polyisocyanate b), where the amount of polyisocyanate a) and polyisocyanate b) is calculated based on total amount of that polyisocyanate a) and polyisocyanate b). The component capable of reacting with isocyanate contains a) 80-100 wt % polyether polyol having average nominal functionality of 2-6, average equivalent weight of 1100-5000 and oxyethylene content of 65-100 wt %, and b) 20-0 wt % of one or more groups of compounds capable of reacting with isocyanate, where the amount of polyol a) and compound b) is calculated based on total amount of that polyol a) and compound b).
 Polymeric polyols and polymer dispersions obtained from hydroxyl-containing materials based on vegetable oil / 2412954
Invention relates to polymeric polyols obtained from hydroxyl-containing materials, as well as dispersions of polymer particles in the said material. The polyol has a continuous polyol phase and dispersion ethylene-unsaturated polymer particles grafted on at least one stabiliser. The polyol phase contains at least one hydroxymethyl-containing polyester polyol derived from a fatty acid or a fatty acid ester. The polyol is a product of reaction between 9(10)-hydroxymethyl stearate or its alkyl ester and polyether polyol, containing ethylene oxide or propylene oxide links. The dispersion particles are a vinylaromatic polymer, nitirle with ethylene unsaturation or a mixture of two or more of them. The stabiliser is an addition compound of polyether polyol and vinylmethoxy silane or isocyanate with ethylene unsaturation.
Method of producing polyisocyanurate polyurethane material / 2428436
Invention relates to an elastomeric polyisocyanurate polyurethane material with 5-45% content of hard blocks, Shore hardness A 10-99 (DIN 53505) and elongation at fracture 5-1000% (DIN 53504), as well as a method of producing said material. Said material is obtained by reacting polyisocyanate with a component which is capable of reacting with isocyanate, where the reaction is carried out at isocyanate index ranging from 150 to 5000 and in the presence of a trimerisation catalyst. The polyisocyanate contains a) 80-100 wt % diphenylmethane diisocyanate which contains at least 40 wt % 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and/or modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate which, at temperature 25°C, is a liquid and has NCO value of at least 20 wt % (polyisocyanate a), and b) 20-0 wt % of another polyisocyanate (polyisocyanate b), wherein the amount of polyisocyanate a) and polyisocyanate b) is calculated based on the total amount of polyisocyanate a) and polyisocyanate b). The component which is capable of reacting with isocyanate contains a) 80-100 wt % polyether polyol with average nominal functionality 2-6, average equivalent weight 1100-5000 and oxyethylene (EO) content 50-90 wt %, and b) 20-0 wt % of another one or more groups of compounds capable of reacting with isocyanate, where the amount of polyol a) and compound b) is calculated based on the total amount of polyol a) and compound b).
|
FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of producing polyisocyanurate composite material, involving merging polyisocyanate, monoatomic alcohol polyester and a trimerisation catalyst, - these three components, merged together, are called a "reactive binding composition", - with binding material to form a reactive composite material, which allows, during the next step, high-temperature reaction of said reactive composite material, in which the amount of the reactive binding composition is equal to 1-60 wt % and the amount of the binding material is equal to 40-99 wt %, both in terms of the amount of the reactive binding composition plus the amount of the binding material, and in which the amount of polyisocyanate and monoatomic alcohol is such that the reactive binding composition index is equal to 150-10000, wherein the monoatoic alcohol polyester has average equivalent weight of 10-2500 and content of oxyethylene is at least 65 wt %. The invention also describes said reactive composite material and composite materials obtained using said method and from disclosed reactive composite materials. EFFECT: obtaining polyisocyanurate composite material, having good thermal stability, fire-resistant properties and very low level of remaining free NCO groups. 15 cl, 5 ex, 2 tbl
The invention relates to a method of manufacturing polyisocyanurate composite material, the method involves reacting MDI, a polyhydric alcohol and trimerization catalyst in this invention in the future, these combined components are called "reactive binder composition with the material, which must be connected in order to form a reactive composite material, which allows the next step of this reactive composite material to react at an elevated temperature so as to form polyisocyanurates composite material. The prior art includes: WO 2006/008780, JP 58-034832, JP 58-145431, JP 58-011529, JP 57-131276, US 4129697, US 4126742, EP 226176 and WO 05/072188. In the process the authors have now found that the Miscibility of component parts of the reactive binder composition is significantly improved if you use special polyhydric alcohol instead of those compounds that were used in the prior art. This special polyhydric alcohol, in addition, provides faster and more complete reaction and results in a more transparent polyisocyanurate composite material that has excellent thermal properties is well and good stability. Surprisingly, until it is reactive binder remains relatively highly reactive, reactive composite material has a low reactivity. Therefore, the presented invention relates to a method of manufacturing polyisocyanurate composite material, the production method includes the interaction MDI, polyether of a polyhydric alcohol and trimerization catalyst, these three components, all United together, called "reactive binder composition with a material that is subjected to binding (hereinafter in this invention is called a material for binding) to form a reactive composite material that allows at a later stage to react at elevated temperature this reactive composite material in which the amount of the reactive binder composition is 1-60% by weight and the amount of material for binding is 40-99% by weight, both calculated on the amount of the reactive binder composition plus the amount of material to bind, and in which the number of MDI and a polyhydric alcohol is such that the ratio of the reactive binder composition composition is employed, 150-10000, and the polyhydric alcohol has an average equivalent weight of 100-2500 and content oxyethylene is at least 50 mass%. In the US 6509392 revealed that the binder component includes a polyester of a polyhydric alcohol, a polyisocyanate component and trimerization catalyst. The binder is used to produce melting of the forms used in the method where the material does not harden. Special polyhydric alcohol is not considered. In EP 304005 revealed that in the method of manufacturing a fibrous product containing the active filler used binder comprises a polyisocyanate, a polyester of a polyhydric alcohol and trimerization catalyst. In EP 304005 not encouraged to use only those polyhydric alcohols which have a high content of oxyethylene. The amount of the reactive binder composition in the examples is more than 90 mass%. In WO 04/111101 disclosed a method of manufacturing a material polyisocyanurate polyurethane through interaction difenilmetana diisocyanate (MDI) and a polyhydric alcohol having a high content of oxyethylene (EO) and a high content of primary hydroxyl groups at high rate in the presence of trimerization catalyst. The method is suitable for the manufacture of the material is in, contains the active fillers, due to the use of fillers and/or fibers. Optional components, such as these fillers and/or fibers, usually pre-mixed with the isocyanate reactive ingredients. In the US 2002/0045690 revealed that the mode of production polyisocyanurate solid matrix composite materials containing active fillers, is in the way to obtain a uniaxially oriented fibrous plastic. A wide variety of polyols is proposed in this invention, although described polyhydric alcohols, having a content of oxyethylene about 50%, the composite materials was not performed. Unexpectedly, it was found that reactive composite materials according to the present invention remain stable for a long time as long as the temperature is increased to 50°C. or higher, and after raising the temperature of the curing proceeds very quickly. It was further found that the polyester of a polyhydric alcohol with a high content of oxyethylene able to provide within a relatively short period of time under identical conditions the course of the exothermic reaction, which ensures that the temperature at which it starts to react from cyanurate, and up until oxypropylene comprising a polyhydric alcohol shows the reaction temperature profile, which is sufficient in this respect and if not completely of the previous reaction. In the invention of WO 04/111101 not paid enough attention to the use of such reactive composition to bind large quantities of materials for binding, and no information regarding beneficial effects, as described above, which are obtained due to the formation of these reactive composite materials. Polyisocyanurate composite materials exhibit good thermal stability, fire-resistant and fire-resistant properties and a very low residual free NCO-groups defined by application of the method of infrared spectroscopy. In the context of the invention presents the following terms have the following meanings: 1) isocyanate index, or "NCO-index", or simply "index": the ratio of NCO groups to the number of isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms of the polyether polyols having an equivalent weight of 100-2500 present in the composition, given as a percentage:
In other words, the NCO-index expresses the percentage of isocyanate actually used in relation to the amount theoretically required isocyanate for the interactions with the number of isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms of the above polyether polyols used in the composition. It should be noted that the isocyanate index, which is used here, is considered from the point of view of the actual polymerization method of manufacturing a material, consisting of isocyanate and polyether of a polyhydric alcohol. Any of isocyanate groups used in the preliminary stage for the production of modified polyisocyanates (including such isocyanate derivatives, which are referred to in article prepolymers), are not taken into account when calculating the isocyanate index. Only three isocyanate groups and three isocyanate reactive hydrogen atom (these polyesters, polyhydric alcohols)present on the actual stage polymerization method, are taken into account in the calculation of the isocyanate index. 2) the Expression "isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms"as used here with the purpose of calculating the isocyanate coated the indicator, refers to the total number of active hydrogen atoms in hydroxyl groups present in the polyether of a polyhydric alcohol; this means that for the calculation of the isocyanate index on the actual stage polymerization method one hydroxyl group is taken into account to enable one reactive hydrogen atom. 3) Used here, the expression "polyisocyanurate" refers to porous and non-porous products obtained by the reaction of the above-mentioned polyisocyanates and polyether polyols in the presence of trimerization catalyst at high values of the indicator, and not necessarily the use of foaming agents, and in particular relates to porous products obtained with water as reactive foaming agent (interaction of water with the isocyanate groups in the resulting urea is bound and the carbon dioxide and the resulting polyisocyanurate-polyurethane foaming). 4) the Term "average nominal hydroxyl number of functional groups" is used here to indicate the number average functionality (number of hydroxyl groups on the molecule) a polyhydric alcohol or composition of a polyhydric alcohol, suggesting that it is the number average functionality the selected groups (number of active hydrogen atoms per molecule) of the initiator (s), used (used) while cooking. 5) the Word "average" refers to the average number, if not specified otherwise. 6) Trimerization catalyst - a catalyst accelerating the formation of polyisocyanurate groups of the polyisocyanates. The polyisocyanate may be selected from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, alifaticheskih and, preferably, aromatic polyisocyanates such as toluene diisocyanate in the form of its 2,4 - and 2,6-isomers and their mixtures, diisocyanates difenilmetana and their varieties and mixtures of diisocyanates difenilmetana (MDI) and oligomers having isocyanate functional group of more than 2, known in the article as "raw" or polymeric MDI (polymethylene Polyphenylene the polyisocyanates). A mixture of toluene diisocyanate, diisocyanates difenilmetana and/or polymethylene Polyphenylene polyisocyanates can also be used. Preferably the polyisocyanate consists of a) 70-100% and more preferably 80-100% by weight of diisocyanate difenilmetana, including at least 40%, preferably at least 60% and most preferably at least 85% by weight of diisocyanate 4,4'-difenilmetana and/or other specified diisocyanate difenilmetana, which has an NCO value of at least 20% by weight (polyisocyanate a), and b) 30-0% and more preferably 20-0% by the Yeosu another MDI (polyisocyanate b). Preferably the polyisocyanate a) is selected from 1) of the diisocyanate difenilmetana, including at least 40%, preferably at least 60% and most preferably at least 85% by weight of the diisocyanate 4,4'-difenilmetana and the following preferred variants of such diisocyanate difenilmetana: 2) carbodiimide and/or uretonimine modified variants MDI 1), an option that has an NCO value of 20% of the mass. or more; 3) a urethane modified variant of MDI 1), an option that has an NCO value of 20% of the mass. or more and being the reaction product excess MDI 1) and a polyhydric alcohol, which has an average nominal hydroxyl number of functional groups of 2-4 and an average molecular weight of from more than 1,000; 4) a prepolymer having an NCO value of 20% by weight or more and being the reaction product of an excess of any of the aforementioned polyisocyanates 1-3) and a polyhydric alcohol having the average nominal number of functional groups of 2-6, an average molecular weight of from more 2000-12000 and preferably hydroxyl value of from 15 to 60 mg KOH/g, and 5) mixtures of any of the aforementioned polyisocyanates. The polyisocyanates 1) and 2) and their mixtures are preferred. The polyisocyanate 1) includes at least 40% by weight 4,4'-MDI. Such polyisocyanates known in the article and include the number of the first 4,4'-MDI and a mixture of isomers of 4,4'-MDI and up to 60% by weight 2,4'-MDI and 2,2'-MDI. It should be noted that the amount of 2,2'-MDI in a mixture of isomers is greater than the level of impurities, in General, will not exceed 2% by weight, and 4,4'-MDI and 2,4'-MDI in the balance. Such polyisocyanates known in the article and are commercially available; e.g. SuprasecTM1306 firm Huntsman. Carbodiimide and/or uretonimine, modified variants of the above MDI 1), is also known in the article and are commercially available; e.g. Suprasec 2020 firm Huntsman. Urethane modified variants of the above MDI 1) is also known in the article, see link, for example, The ICI Polyurethanes Book, G. Woods, 1990, 2nd edition, S. 32-35. The above-mentioned prepolymers of MDI 1), having an NCO value of 20% by weight or more, also referred to in the article. The preferred polyhydric alcohol used for manufacturing these prepolymers selected from polyether polyols and polyester polyols, in particular polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene polyols having an average nominal number of functional groups 2-4, the average molecular weight of from 2500-8000, preferably hydroxyl value of from 15-60 mg KOH/g and preferably or content oxyethylene from 5-25% by weight, and oxyethylene, which preferably is located at the end of polymer chains, or the contents of oxyethylene from 50-90% what about the weight, and oxyethylene, which preferably is distributed randomly in the polymer chain. Mixtures of the aforementioned polyisocyanates can also be used, see, for example, The ICI Polyurethanes Book, G. Woods, 1990, 2nd edition, p.32-35. An example of such a commercially available MDI is Suprasec 2021 firm Huntsman. Another polyisocyanate (b) may be selected from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, alifaticheskih and preferably aromatic polyisocyanates such as toluene diisocyanate in the form of its 2,4 - and 2,6 - isomers and mixtures thereof, and an oligomer of a diisocyanate difenilmetana (MDI), which have isocyanate functional group of more than 2. A mixture of MDI and these oligomers are known in the article as "raw" or polymeric MDI (polymethylene Polyphenylene the polyisocyanates). A mixture of toluene diisocyanate and polymethylene Polyphenylene polyisocyanates can also be used. When using polyisocyanates, which have a number of NCO functional groups of more than 2, the number of such used MDI is such that the average total number of NCO functional groups used MDI in the present invention is preferably 2.0-2.2. The polyisocyanates used in the present invention is preferably liquid at 25°C. Used polyester INR is atomnogo alcohol has an average equivalent weight of 100-2500, the content of oxyethylene at least 50% and preferably at least 65% by weight, on the weight of the polyester of a polyhydric alcohol), preferably the content of primary hydroxyl groups, at least 40% and more preferably at least 65% (calculated on the number of primary and secondary hydroxyl groups) and preferably an average nominal hydroxyl number of functional groups of 2-8, and more preferably 2-4. They can contain other oxyalkylene groups, such as, for example, oxypropylene and/or oxybutylene. Can be used mixtures of these polyhydric alcohols. Here not specified other polyhydric alcohols or other isocyanate reactive compounds having an average equivalent weight of from 1000 to 2500, which can be preferably used. Such polyols are known in the article and commercially available; examples are CaradolTM3602 from Shell, DaltocelTMF526, F442, F444 and F555 and JeffoxTMWL 440 and WL 1400 from Huntsman. Any compound which accelerates the reaction of the isocyanate trimerization (education isocyanurate), can be used as trimerization catalyst in the method according to the invention, for example tertiary amines, triazine, and most preferably the use of metal-containing salt of trimerisation the catalysts. Examples of suitable metal-containing salt trimerization catalysts are alkali metal salts of organic carboxylic acids. Preferred alkali metals are potassium and sodium, and the preferred carboxylic acids are acetic acid and 2-atelophobia acid. The most preferred metal-containing salt trimerization catalysts are potassium acetate (commercially available as Polycat 46 from Air Products and Catalyst LB from Huntsman) and 2-ethylcaproic potassium (commercially available as Dabco K15 from Air Products). Two or more different trimerization catalyst can be used in the method in the present invention. The metal-containing salt trimerization the catalyst is typically used in amounts of from 0.01-5% wt., based on the weight of MDI and polyether of a polyhydric alcohol, preferably 0.05 to 3 wt.%. It may happen that the polyisocyanate and/or polyester of a polyhydric alcohol used in the method according to the invention still contain salt of the metal of this drug, which can then be used as trimerization catalyst or partially used as trimerization catalyst. The relative amounts of MDI and polyether of a polyhydric alcohol having Regni equivalent weight of 100-2500 are such compounds, which figure is 150-10000 and preferably 250-9000. The polyisocyanate, the polyether of a polyhydric alcohol and trimerisation the catalyst can be combined with material to bind, in any order. Preferably the polyisocyanate unite with the material, which should be linked to the addition of the polyester of a polyhydric alcohol or with a polyester of a polyhydric alcohol, trimerization catalyst, added to the polyisocyanate, a polyhydric alcohol, or both. Most preferably, when a polyisocyanate, a polyhydric alcohol and trimerisation the catalyst are combined during the initial stage so as to form a reactive binder composition, which at a later stage combined with a material for binding. Preparation of the reactive binder composition can be made by combining and mixing MDI, polyether of a polyhydric alcohol and a catalyst, in any order, preferably at an initial temperature between 5°C and 40°C and more preferably between 10°C and 30°C. it is Preferable to first combine and mix polyhydric alcohol and a catalyst, and then they are mixed with polyisocyanate. Combining and mixing ingredients for reactive binder composition Oba is but carried out at atmospheric pressure for some time and using equipment, which ensures thorough mixing. Conventional mixing using conventional mixing apparatus during the time from 5 seconds to 5 minutes is sufficient to achieve a thorough mixing of the ingredients. As noted previously, the catalyst may already be present in the polyisocyanate and/or polyester of a polyhydric alcohol in sufficient quantity. In this case, only the polyisocyanate and the polyether of a polyhydric alcohol you want to merge and mix. The reactive binder composition is sequentially combined with the material for binding with the formation of reactive composite material. Surprisingly, this reactive composite material has a low reactivity at room conditions; it can be stored at low temperatures. The material for binding can be of any size and shape. Materials that should be connected are preferably solid at room temperature materials. Examples of materials that can be used are: - wood chips, wood flour, wood flakes, wood planks; - paper and paperboard, in powdered form, and in a stratified; - sand, vermiculite, clay, cement, and other silicates; ground resi is a, ground thermoplastic materials, ground thermosetting materials; - cell structure of any of the materials, such as cardboard, aluminum, wood and plastic materials; metal particles and plates; - cork material in the form of particles or in the form of layers; natural fibres such as flax, hemp and processed textile fiber Agabus; - synthetic fibers such as polyamide, polyolefin, polyester and carbon fiber; mineral fibers such as fiberglass and mineral wool fibers; mineral fillers such as BaSO4and CaCO3; - nanoparticles, such as particle clays, inorganic oxides and particles containing carbon; - glass beads, frosted glass, hollow glass beads; - advanced or able to grow balls, such as balls ExpancelTMor similar microspheres; - unprocessed or processed waste, such as waste after crushing, cutting, crushing or ground garbage and in particular fly ash; - woven or not woven textiles; - combination of two or more of these materials. The Association of the reactive binder composition and material for bonding is preferably carried out at an initial temperature of 5-40°C and the atmosphere is vernom pressure, the Association may be conducted by coating, impregnation, layering, merging, kneading, calendering, pressing, mixing or spraying a binder composition and by combinations of these methods and/or other appropriate manner, which ensures full contact between the reactive binder composition and a material for binding. The amount of the reactive binder composition is 1-60%, preferably 1-40 wt.%. and the amount of material for binding is 40-99% and preferably 60-99 wt.%, both in the calculation of the amount of the reactive binder composition plus the amount of material to bind. Unexpectedly, it was found that reactive composite material is relatively stable at room temperature and at low temperatures. It was found that reactive composite material hardly interact at room temperature and can still have managed modifiable properties after, for example, 8 hours and if it is refrigerated, even after a longer period of time. Therefore, the presented invention, furthermore, relates to a reactive composite material, which is a combination of from 1-60% by weight. reaction is capable of binding composition and 40-99% by weight. material for binding, both in relation to the number of this composition and this material, which composition comprises a polyisocyanate, a polyester of a polyhydric alcohol and trimerization catalyst, where the amount of MDI and a polyhydric alcohol is such that the index in the binding composition is 150-10000, and the polyhydric alcohol has an average equivalent weight of 100-2500 and content oxyethylene is at least 50% wt. Preferably this reactive composite material is aged at a temperature from -50°C to 10°C and more preferably from -30°C. to 0°C. Optional can be used in the way of additional ingredients, such as foaming agents, means, such as water and pentane, catalysts, accelerating the formation of urethane linkages, such as tin-containing catalysts, such as octoate tin and dibutyltindilaurate tin catalysts are tertiary amines, such as triethylenediamine, and imidazoles such as dimethylimidazole, and other catalysts, such as esters of maleic acid and esters acetic acid; surfactants; inhibitors of ignition; substances that reduce the amount of smoke; UV stabilizers; colorants; microbial inhibitors; plasticizers and internal agents-additives about legousia seizure of items from a form. Additionally, there may be used the chain extenders of the isocyanate cross-linking agents having an average equivalent weight less than 100, such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropyleneglycol, butanediol, hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, sucrose and sorbitol. These extension cords, chains and cross-linking agents preferably are not used or are used only when absolutely necessary from the point of view of the fact that commercial grade catalysts may contain such extensions and/or staplers. If you use these extensions and/or staplers, they are not taken into account when calculating the above indicator: additional polyisocyanate should be used for compensation of active hydrogen atoms in these cords and/or suturing. Optional ingredients can be added to any of the ingredients used in the method of the presented invention, and/or reactive binder composition, and/or reactive composite material. Optional ingredients are preferably added to the polyester of a polyhydric alcohol or a reactive binder composition. Optional ingredients are used in small quantities; the total amount usually does not exceed 10% wt. reactive to the position of the material and preferably be less than 5% and most preferably less than 2 wt.%. reactive composite material. As soon as reactive composite material is prepared, the temperature increase; reactive composite material allow to react at a temperature between 50 and 200°C and preferably between 80 and 150°C. This reaction under normal conditions occurs during the time between 10 seconds and 1 hour and preferably between 15 seconds and 30 minutes. The method can be carried out at atmospheric pressure but is preferably carried out at elevated pressure, preferably at a pressure of 0.1-100 MPa above atmospheric pressure, as in the molds for casting or listvennyh machines. Reactive composite material can be manufactured outside of the mold for molding, and can be placed in the mold for molding at a later stage, followed by closing and heating the mold for casting, which allows reactive composite material to react in such a way that the result is polyisocyanurate composite material. As an alternative, reactive composite material can be produced in the mold for molding by combining the reactive binder composition and a material for binding in the mold for whether the article for to form a reactive composite material, and then close the mold for casting and increase the temperature, or Vice versa, it is possible to raise the temperature and then close the mold for casting. Reactive composite material can be placed on an external substrate or inside of the mold, or the coating can be applied to reactive composite material, or both the substrate and the coating can be applied in the case, if the resulting material is a multilayer composite material. The substrate and coating can be the same or different materials. Reactive composite material can be applied on both sides of the substrate. Another method of making such composite materials of the substrates is the application of material, which must be connected to the substrate, followed by Association of the reactive binder composition with a material that should be associated, for example, by atomization. Pressing forms can be carried out in accordance with the injection molding method, compression molding method, a molding method for moving the resin, particularly the discharge contributes by way of infusing resin, a method of pre-impregnation and by way of manual then the CI sheets. How, moreover, can be carried out in accordance with the extrusion and the way to obtain a uniaxially oriented fibrous plastic. Microwave curing may also be applied. The method may be performed periodically, intermittently for a while or for a long period of time. The presented invention is illustrated in the following examples. Example 1 90 wt. parts (pbw) Suprasec 2015, MDI-based MDI according to the invention, comprising about 12% by weight of oligomers having 3 or more isocyanate groups, 10 wt. parts Daltocel F526, polyhydric alcohol, polyoxypropylene and 0.3 wt. parts of LB catalyst were combined and stirred at room temperature. 10 wt. parts of the reactive binder composition thus obtained were combined and manually mixed with 90 wt. pieces of material, which must be associated, at room temperature. Table 1 shows the materials used, which must be connected. Reactive composite material formed in this way has been moved into the mold for molding (10×10×10 cm), which was handled by the internal agent-an additive that facilitates the notch product from the mold (mold for casting was completely filled reaktionsmotor the th composite material). The temperature of the mold for molding was 140º. Mold for casting was closed, and reactive composite material was subjected to interact for 10 minutes. Once I discovered the mold for molding, beautiful sample polyisocyanurate composite material was removed from the mold.
Example 2 Example 1 was repeated under such conditions that the mold for casting, which was used had a length and width of 20.2×20.2 cm, and that 1260 g of a reactive composite material was moved into the mold for molding, and the temperature in the mold for molding the conference had been 80°C, and that the applied pressure was such as to give to the material thickness of 24.5 mm passed After 5 minutes, is a wonderful sample polyisocyanurate composite material was removed from the mold. Reactive composite material contained 65 wt.%. cement, 20% wt. small wood fibers, 5% wt. cork crumbs and 10% wt. reactive binder. Example 3 Example 2 was repeated under the conditions that the reactive composite material contained 20 wt.%. small wood fibers, 70% wt. cement and 10% wt. reactive binder. Example 4 Cardboard with a honeycomb structure, having a thickness of 7 mm, was on both sides is closed frosted glass weighing 200 g of a Reactive composite material of example 1 was pulverized flue on both frosted glass (200 g). Reactive composite material was placed in a mold for casting temperature of the mold for molding 80°C). After 1 minute has revealed the mold for molding, beautiful sample polyisocyanurate composite material was removed from the mold. Example 5 Reactive binder compositions were made by mixing manually at room conditions MDI, a polyhydric alcohol and, if necessary trimerization catalyst in such quantities, the indicator in the reactive binder composition was 675 and introduced in the catalyst performance was the same. 40 wt. parts of this composition were manually mixed with 60 wt. parts BaSO4at room conditions, and then left the mixture to stand. After 800 seconds, the temperature of the mixture was recorded, and the results are presented below in table 2.
1. Method of manufacturing polyisocyanurate composite material, the method involves combining MDI, polyether of a polyhydric alcohol and trimerization catalyst - these three components, all United together, called "reactive binder composition with material to bind with the formation of reactive composite material, allowing the next stage to react at elevated temperature specified reactive composite material in which the amount of the reactive binder composition is 1-60 wt.% and the amount of material to bind, is 40-99 wt.%, both in the calculation of the amount of the reactive binder composition plus the amount of material to bind, and in which the number of MDI and mn is guatanamo alcohol is such the index of the reactive binder composition is 150-10000, characterized in that the polyester of a polyhydric alcohol has an average equivalent weight of 100-2500 and content oxyethylene is at least 65 wt.%. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the Association MDI, polyether of a polyhydric alcohol and trimerization of the catalyst material for bonding is carried out at an initial temperature between 5°C and 40°C. 3. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the reactive composite material is subjected to interaction at a temperature between 50°C and 200°C. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the polyisocyanate consists of a) 70 to 100 wt.% diisocyanate difenilmetana, including at least 40 wt.% diisocyanate 4,4'-difenilmetana and/or other specified diisocyanate difenilmetana, which has an NCO value of at least 20 wt.%, and b) 30-0 wt.% another MDI. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the polyester of a polyhydric alcohol has a content of primary hydroxyl groups, at least 40%. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the reactive composite material is subjected to interaction at a temperature between 80°C and 150°C. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that colitismorecondition binding composition is 1-40 wt.% and the amount of material for binding is 60-99 wt.%, both in the calculation of the amount of the reactive binder composition plus the amount of material to bind. 8. Reactive composite material, which is a combination of 1-60 wt.% reactive binder composition and 40-99 wt.% material for binding, both in relation to the amount of the composition of this material, which composition comprises a polyisocyanate, a polyester of a polyhydric alcohol and trimerization catalyst, and in which the number of MDI and a polyhydric alcohol is such that the index in the binding composition is 150-10000, characterized in that the polyester of a polyhydric alcohol has an average equivalent weight of 100-2500 and content oxyethylene is at least 65 wt.%. 9. Reactive composite material of claim 8, characterized in that the polyisocyanate consists of a) 70 to 100 wt.% diisocyanate difenilmetana, including at least 40 wt.%, diisocyanate 4,4'-difenilmetana and/or other specified diisocyanate difenilmetana, which has an NCO value of at least 20 wt.%, and b) 30-0 wt.% another MDI. 10. Reactive composite material according PP and 9, characterized in that the polyester of a polyhydric alcohol contains at least 40% of primary hydroxyl groups. 11. The reaction is podobny composite material according PP and 9, which is maintained at a temperature of from -50°C. to 10°C. 12. Reactive composite material according PP and 9, which is maintained at a temperature of from -30°C. to 0°C. 13. Reactive composite material according PP and 9, characterized in that the amount of the reactive binder composition is 1-40 wt.% and the amount of material for binding is 60-99 wt.%, both in relation to the amount of the reactive binder composition plus the amount of material to bind. 14. Composite material obtained in accordance with methods described in claims 1 to 7. 15. Composite material made of a reactive composite material according PP-13.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
