Method and wireless system for monitoring technical parameters of industrial objects

FIELD: information technology.

SUBSTANCE: wireless system for monitoring technical parameters of industrial objects, having a base radio station fitted with an electrical power supply, connected by a wireless channel to sensor modules, in the housing of which there is a power supply, a physical quantity sensor, a primary data transmitting device, the sensor modules are divided into groups and each group is wirelessly connected to the base radio station through routers, and the base radio station is connected by a wire channel to an automated workstation which comprises apparatus for mathematical processing of the obtained information and apparatus for displaying the information processing results, as well as devices for storing the obtained information, and each sensor module additionally contains a primary data processing device which is electrically connected to the physical quantity sensor and which is also electrically connected to a primary data transmitting device, and each of the routers has a second data processing device, where the routers can be wirelessly connected to each other.

EFFECT: efficient use of power owing to realisation of primary data processing.

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The invention relates to computing and information processing technology, can be used in automated registration systems, both independently and as part of multi-level information and control systems, in particular systems of control of technological parameters of industrial objects, distributed over large areas and do not have wired communication lines and power lines connected to the control points. These objects include: manufacturing facilities, are located in a separate building, and in the aggregate of buildings; the oil and gas industry, such as underground gas storage; transport objects, such as ships or aircraft. In addition, the invention can be used in automated systems security and surveillance. Using the proposed solution will allow to raise efficiency of operation of the controlled object due to the fact that will allow you to register and transmit to the Central node data on the technological parameters of the object without the construction of communication lines and power supply.

Known installation of gas wells (p. RF # 40077, publ. 27.08.2004), including a narrowing device, instrumentation for measuring pressure and temperature, multi-parameter sensor, the unit reg is in the minority, as well as the radio and the data concentrator, and control instruments connected to the input multi-parameter sensor, the output of which is connected to the input of the recording unit using the cable, the registration unit and the radio station have a wireless connection using a wireless modem, and radio connected to the hub data cable connection.

The disadvantage of this setup is that it is suitable for the study, only one well, and require installation of wired communication lines to the well.

Known information-measuring complex (p. the Russian Federation No. 37245, publ. 10.04.2004), characterized in that it contains a control unit, equipped with centralized power supply and a set of data-processing and receiving-transmitting devices connected via radio with the M computing devices, where M is an integer, each of which contains a radio host or modem to communicate with the control unit using satellite communications. Each computing device is electrically connected with the sensor parameters corresponding group gas and/or oil wells and enclosed in an airtight container, covered with a thermal insulating cover and placed inside the mounting wells that are sunk fully the flesh or in part, the upper part of the said well is closed insulating casing, and each of the M computing devices equipped with independent power supply and associated with the block of solar panels and antenna for the radio information from the control block.

The disadvantage of this system is the complexity of the installation works, the presence of a ground wire ties, which complicates the design. In addition, the complex does not provide a pulsed mode, which significantly reduces energy consumption.

As a prototype of the selected wireless system sensors (WO 2005/119609 A2, publ. Facilities 15.12.2005), consisting of sensors, repeaters, base stations and the host PC. Sensor module includes a physical quantity sensor, the controller and the transmitter. The controller receives data from the sensor and determines whether to pass them on air or not depending on certain criteria. In the case when the criterion is reached, starts transmission of data received by the relay - connecting link between the touch module and the base station. The base station collects information from all sensors and transmits it to the host PC. The control computer has a display means and recording data, and a means of alerting responsible personnel about emergency the th situation.

The disadvantage of the prototype is fundamentally limited coverage, as in the configuration of the repeater is not possible to transfer data to other repeaters. For this reason, between the base station and sensor module is only one repeater, and range of the system is limited to the area of reception and transmission base station, relay and sensor module. Especially serious is the case, if you want to transfer, without going beyond the permitted capacity of the transmitters. In this case, for objects larger than the radius of the chain "base station-repeater-touch module, this configuration is just not suitable.

In addition, in the sensor module of the prototype there is no possibility of initial data. This leads to the need to make savings averaging (linearization, etc.) data from each sensor module on the host PC resources which it may not be enough when a large number of sensor modules in the system. Another disadvantage of the system without primary data is that the raw data, as a rule, have a greater volume and therefore require more energy to transfer. Such sub-optimal use of electricity reduces the amount of time the car is Ohm operation of the sensor module without replacing the batteries, which is one of the key characteristics of a wireless system. Additionally, data processing directly in the sensor module allows quick control of sensor parameters physical quantities, such as its sensitivity, depending on the measurement results. Therefore, the absence of the touch module prototype primary data limits its measurement capabilities.

The system prototype is designed for monitoring of emergency situations on the objects, while in normal (accident-free) mode of operation when the monitored parameters are within normal limits, sensor modules or not aired, or can transmit information about the measurand or information self-diagnostic nature of the request, the base station or on a predetermined schedule, with the possibility of simultaneous transmission from all sensory modules of the system are not considered. The situation when all sensor modules of the system at the same time will be broadcast, will cause an overload in the base station, which is unable to receive signals from all sensors at once, conflicts will occur, which will inevitably lead to loss of information. Thus, the system prototype does not provide conflict-free data transmission with Poo what about the number of sensor modules of the system without loss of information.

The possibility of conflict inherent in the very architecture of the system in which the sensor module is able to communicate with the repeater and the base station, this means that the transmission occurs at the same frequency or in the same frequency range. For example, if the sensor module transmits the message to the base station, and within reach of the module is a base station and a few repeaters, base station will receive a signal from the sensor module and simultaneously with it will come the signals from the transponders, which will cause a conflict of reception at the base station.

The objective of the invention is to create a wireless method for monitoring technical parameters of industrial facilities and systems for its implementation, meets the high requirements of energy saving, reliability and scalability of the network.

The problem is solved wireless monitoring system technical parameters of industrial objects containing the base station is equipped with a power supply that is connected wireless channel information-measuring devices, each of which represents the sensor module. In the last case posted by the power source, a sensor of physical quantities, the primary device for data transfer. Sensor modules are divided into g is uppy and each group is associated with a base station wireless communication through its receiver-transmitter, and the base station is connected wired channel with automatic workspace, which contains in its composition tools of mathematical processing of the received information and means for displaying results of processing information, as well as devices of the accumulation of the received information. Each sensor module further comprises electrically associated with a sensor of physical quantities of the primary processing unit, which is electrically connected with the primary device for data transfer. The primary processing unit is able to control the parameters of the sensor of a physical quantity depending on the measurement results. Receiving-transmitting devices are routers, each of which is supplied by the secondary processing unit, and the routers are able to communicate wirelessly. The wireless channel between the touch module and the base station may additionally contain successively installed routers. Routers can be equipped with his group of sensor modules.

Method for monitoring technical parameters of industrial objects includes the measurement of technical parameters of the physical quantity sensors that produce an electrical analog signals; lane is giving data on primary wireless channel on the router, they are grouped into a single packet and transmitted over a secondary wireless link to a base station connected wired channel with automatic work place where mathematical decoding of received data packets, the values of the measured physical quantities, expressed in appropriate units of measurement of physical quantities (for example, pressure is expressed in megapascal, temperature is in degrees Celsius and so on), have the opportunity to display to display the elements of automatic workplace and be written to the storage devices; diagnostics condition monitoring system, which is produced by registering each sensor module internal temperature and voltage of the power source and subsequent checking of received values on the reliability of automatic workplace. The method differs from the prototype in that the touch module carry out the primary mathematical processing of data by accumulation, averaging and linearization data, transfer data in consistent units of measurement of physical quantities, converting analog electrical signals from the aforementioned sensors, taking into account their characteristics into a digital code containing information about the physical quantities expressed in the corresponding e is inilah measurement of physical quantities; data on the primary and secondary wireless channel to produce at its frequency range, the frequency ranges are not overlapping frequencies, besides sensory modules of one group work on the same frequency in a time sequence, each sensor module group communicates with the router in the allotted time period, the data transfer from the router to the base station also occurs in a time sequence in the allotted period of time.

The system is based on two-level principle. On each of the two levels of information transfer is performed by the wireless radio on your frequency range. Frequency ranges are not overlapping frequencies. Lower level, forming the primary wireless channel consists of at least one independent group, which includes one router and at least one sensor module. Group in the lower level is built on the star. The Central node of a star is the router. Peripheral elements stars are sensor modules. All the elements of one group are working on the same frequency, the division within the group occurs in a temporal sequence. Each sensor module group communicates with the router in re the Albanian him a period of time. A specified period of time periodically repeated. The repetition period may vary depending on the requirements of the monitoring system. For example, the following system for monitoring underground gas storage recurrence period was 15 C. Thus, the task conflict-free transmission of data from multiple sources. Geographically adjacent groups of lower level work at different frequencies belonging to the frequency range and therefore cannot interfere with each other.

The upper level, forming a secondary wireless channel, includes base stations and routers. The router decides the route forwarding data packets according to the network condition. Routers have the ability to share information among themselves, and in the chain between the touch module and the base station may operate as one or more routers. This configuration makes it possible to transmit data over significant distances using low-power transmitters that do not require special permits, and cover the sensor network objects, the length of which is considerably larger than the communication range of an individual transmitter. All top-level elements are operating at the same frequency. Each router receives the data from his group is insomuch modules and generates an information package, which sends to the base station. Transfer from the router to the base station occurs in a temporal sequence. Each router communicates with the base station in the allotted period of time. This architecture is suitable for continuous monitoring, when all the system sensors continuously transmit data, and avoids conflicts when receiving data from different sources and associated loss of information.

The base station is connected wired channel with automatic work place where mathematical decoding of received data packets. The values of the measured physical quantities, expressed in appropriate units of measurement of physical quantities display to display the elements of automatic workplace and recording devices storing information. Simultaneously with the measurement of the main parameters make a diagnosis of the condition monitoring system by registering each sensor module internal temperature and voltage of the power source and verifying the received values on the reliability of automatic workplace. The configuration of the sensor module containing a primary processing unit, allows to protect your computer automatically workplace because megachi is certain routine operations data from each sensor are performed directly in the corresponding touch module. In addition, this configuration saves the power consumption of the sensor module, since the processed data occupy a much smaller volume during transmission, the original data received from the sensor, and transmitting the processed data requires less energy. The primary processing unit reads the information from the sensor of a physical quantity, taking into account its unique characteristics and expresses the data in appropriate units of measurement of relevant physical quantities. This solution allows to take into account the unique properties of the sensor and ensures measurement accuracy when replacing a faulty sensor module. In addition, the processing unit is able to control the parameters of the sensor of a physical quantity, such as its sensitivity, depending on the measurement results. This expands the measurement range of the sensor module.

Figure 1 shows the structural diagram of the proposed system monitoring technical parameters of industrial objects, figure 2 - structural diagram of the sensor module, figure 3 shows a chart of the outputs in the ether of sensor modules in the same team.

The following shows the application of the proposed system for monitoring distributed object on the example of the underground gas storage (UGS), where it is necessary to carry out monitori the g borehole fields. Gas wells on underground gas storages, usually located within a dozen square kilometers, while the distance between the wells 100-500 meters, while the vast majority of natural gas storage facilities, cable connection and a power supply line between the wells and the control item no. In this regard, automated monitoring parameters wells in the absence of cable communications is a fairly complex task. This task helped to resolve the wireless sensor network.

System monitoring technical parameters of industrial objects contains the base station 1, is equipped with a power supply and electrically connected with automatic workspace 2. At the mouth of each well installed the router 3, the associated wireless communication with multiple sensor modules 4 and the base station 1. In the chain between the touch module and the base station may be one or more than one router. Sensor module 4 contains a sensor of physical quantities 5, electrically connected with the primary processing unit 6, which provides the pulse mode of the sensor module 4. The primary processing unit 6 is electrically connected with the primary device data 7 and it has the element, regestriruius the th internal temperature sensor module 8 and the voltage of the power source 9. Router 3 is composed of a receiving device, the secondary processing unit and the power source (not shown). Automatic workstation 2 contains in its composition tools of mathematical processing of the received information and means for displaying results of processing information, as well as devices of the accumulation of the received information.

Thus, all routers in communication with the base station are peripheral elements to the top level of the sensor network, and the same routers, but in polling mode, touch modules are the Central elements of the nodes of the lower level network.

Monitoring of distributed objects is as follows. The sensors of physical quantities 5 to produce an electrical analog signal, the magnitude of which depends on the size of the registered physical values. In our example, this may be a buffer, annular, annular, string gas pressure and gas temperature in the string, and the sensor of sand from the well, etc. From the sensors 5, the data arrives in the primary processing unit 6 that controls the sensitivity range of the sensor 5, depending on the values produced by the sensor 5 signal. In the primary processing unit 6 is a mathematical transformation is their analog electrical signals into digital code, contains information about the physical quantities expressed in appropriate units of measurement of physical quantities, and the conversion values of the source voltage into a digital code and the value of the internal temperature of the processing in the corresponding digital code. Next, the data through a wireless network, proceed to the appropriate routers 3, when this sensor modules within the same group communicate with your router assigned to each module in your period of time. Figure 3 shows a diagram of the outputs in the ether of sensor modules in the same team. At time t₁in the broadcast sensor module 4.1 and all other modules of this group in the ether does not come out. Then at time t₂in the broadcast-only sensor module 4.2. And so forth continues until all modules in this group will not transmit the data to router. Then the cycle repeats. Routers 3 provide information reception, and then, by combining multiple information packets in a single secondary information packet, pass it on secondary wireless radio channel to the base station 1. The data transfer from the router to the base station is arranged similarly to the transmission from the sensor module to the router (see figure 3). Base radio link to the Ana with automatic workspace 2, where mathematical decoding of received data packets, in this case the obtained value of supply voltage and the value of the internal temperature of the processing are the benchmark of the health of recording and transmitting channels of the monitoring system, and the values of the measured physical quantities, expressed in appropriate units of measurement of physical quantities is displayed to display the elements of automatic workplace 3 and written to the storage devices information.

Check parameters measured in the wells can be made with an interval of 15 seconds, the results of each certificate of registration recorded in the buffer memory of the sensor module 4. The current value of the detected value (output of analog-to-digital Converter) is compared with the previous (stored in the buffer memory), and if the difference exceeds two younger discharge (0.1% of the dynamic range), automatic transfer of register values from the sensor module 4 on router 3, otherwise the sensor module 4 in the air comes out. But, regardless of the current values of the recorded values, every 2 minutes is the forced transfer of data. Thus, during the day is more than 5000 measurements of each of the formal parameters the ditch.

Burst mode is possible to reduce power consumption, refer to average DC level, up to 15 µa.

Tested monitoring systems at geographically distributed sites of control. The system allowed us to gather data from a large number of sensors (up to 1000), located on the territory of up to 10 km during operation of the system it was shown that the study of modes of wells it is possible to carry out directly in the time of gas sampling, and during injection without stopping wells.

1. Wireless monitoring system technical parameters of industrial objects containing the base station is equipped with a power supply that is connected wireless channel information-measuring devices, each of which represents a sensor module, in the housing of which is placed a power source, a sensor of physical quantities, the primary device for data transmission, sensor modules are divided into groups and each group is associated with a base station wireless communication via its transceiver device and the base station is connected wired channel with automatic workspace, which contains in its composition tools of mathematical processing of the received information and means for displaying results of processing of information and, as well as devices of the accumulation of the received information, wherein each sensor module further comprises electrically associated with a sensor of physical quantities of the primary processing unit, which is electrically connected with the primary device for transmitting data transmitting devices are routers, each of which is supplied by the secondary processing unit, and the routers are able to communicate wirelessly.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the wireless channel between the touch module and the base station includes the additional sequentially installed routers.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that the routers are connected with his group of sensor modules.

4. Wireless method for monitoring technical parameters of industrial facilities, including the measurement of technical parameters of the physical quantity sensors that produce an electrical analog signals; transmission of data by the primary wireless channel on the router in which they are grouped into a single packet and transmitted over a secondary wireless link to a base station connected wired channel with automatic work place where mathematical RA is the encryption of the received data packets, the values of the measured physical quantities, expressed in appropriate units of measurement of physical quantities, have the opportunity to display to display the elements of automatic workplace and be written to the storage devices; diagnostics condition monitoring system, which is produced by registering each sensor module internal temperature and voltage of the power source and subsequent checking of received values on the reliability of automatic workplace, characterized in that the touch module carry out the primary mathematical processing of data by accumulation, averaging and linearization data, transfer data in consistent units of measurement of physical quantities, converting analog electrical signals from the aforementioned sensors taking into account their characteristics into a digital code containing information about the physical quantities expressed in appropriate units of measurement of physical quantities; transmission of data by the primary and secondary wireless channel to produce at its frequency range, the frequency ranges are not overlapping frequencies, in addition, sensor modules of one group work on the same frequency in a time sequence, each sensor module group currency is receiving data from the router in the allotted period of time, the data transfer from the router to the base station also occurs in a time sequence in the allotted period of time.