Single-component moisture-curable polymer foamed material

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: foamed material consists of a single-component, moisture-curable composition containing at least one polymer P, having isocyanate groups and/or alkoxy silane groups, 10-60 vol. % of at least one gas and 10-30 wt % soot per total weight of the single-component foamed material which is curable in a moist medium. Application of the obtained foamed material is carried out primarily at temperature in the range of 10-40°C. The degree of foaming of the composition and, consequently, gas content of the single-component, moisture-curable foamed material varies during its application.

EFFECT: obtaining single-component, moisture-curable foamed material which can be used as an adhesive or a sealant/packing material for producing coatings or filling hollow structures with foamed material, particularly vehicles.

20 cl, 4 dwg, 1 ex

The technical field to which the invention relates

The invention relates to one-component, moisture curing of the foams containing polymers having isocyanate groups and/or alkoxysilane group.

Prior art

Due to lower consumption of material and associated cost reduction and/or weight reduction, but also to modify the properties of the composition or to fill cavities for insulation or for hardening, compositions, most of which are used as adhesives or sealants/caulking materials, wspanialy for a long time.

Also known polyurethane compositions which are stored, for example, in containers under pressure, and foaming under the action of the foaming agent (blowing agent) at the time of application, that is, when the output from the container under pressure and in case drain pressure. For example, compositions that contain a thermo - or blagoustroeniyu foaming substances and which are expanded only after their application, also known. The lack of such foaming methods is that accurate/smooth application of foam is virtually impossible. The increase in the volume of the composition and the direction in which the foam expands, is when it is obtained through chemical or physical foaming agents, during the application or after the application cannot be predicted very accurately. Expanding foam can, for example, to push the substrate to be adhesively connected (connected by gluing), towards each other or to flow from the junction of the seal, so that the result of the final products of poor quality.

An additional disadvantage of such foams is that the degree of foaming is very difficult to define and impossible to check before applying.

Summary of the invention

The present invention therefore is the provision of a single component, moisture curing of the foam, which overcomes the disadvantages of the known prior art and can be applied precisely/exactly.

In accordance with the invention, this is achieved by means of the distinctive features of the first claim. Unexpectedly, it was found that one-component, moisture curing of the foam, which is present in the form of foam even before the application is particularly suitable for use as an adhesive or sealant/sealing material, to obtain a coating or filling foam in hollow structures.

An advantage of the present invention is, among others, that the scope of one of the component, moisture curing compositions is expanding, and now they can be applied economically and saving weight as foam even on large areas. An additional very important advantage is that a single component, moisture curing foam can be applied very precisely/exactly and substantially retains its shape and structure during the curing process. Thus, it is possible to obtain high-precision contact adhesive (glue) connection or a sealed connection even through one-component, moisture curing of polymeric foams. An additional advantage of the invention is that the degree of foaming one-component, moisture curing of the foam can be very accurately adjusted, and it is also possible to obtain foams having a very high share of gas. In the exact adjustment of the degree of foaming, foams, which have different properties and which can be used for different purposes, can be obtained from an identical single-component, moisture curing compositions.

Via a suitable method of obtaining a direct application of one-component, moisture curing foam can even change the gas content in the foam during application. This is is particularly advantageous, especially in the case of a mechanical drawing using the robot for the application, because, therefore, there is no need to use a lot of plants, and the application can be carried out in one pass, i.e. without (re)setting the device for the application.

Additional features of the invention are the subject of additional independent claims. Particularly preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of dependent claims.

Description of the preferred embodiments of the invention

The present invention relates to one-component, moisture curing, the foam comprising 10-60% by volume, of at least one gas and one-component, moisture curing composition Z contains at least one polymer P having isocyanate groups and/or alkoxysilane group, and from 5-50% by weight, in particular 6-50% by weight, preferably 10-30% by weight, of carbon black, based on the total mass of a single component, moisture curing of the foam.

In this document, the term "foam" is understood as the symbol structure comprising gas-filled, spherical or polyhedral pores which are connected in liquid, semi-liquid, viscous or solid materials-frames then filling the space is between about then.

In this document the names of substances, beginning with "poly", such as polyol or polyisocyanate, denote substances which formally contain two or more functional groups that occur in their name (mono)molecule.

In this document, the term "polymer", first, includes a group of macromolecules that are chemically homogeneous, but differ in respect of degree of polymerization, molar mass and chain length, which get by "polyreactive" (polymerization, polyprionidae, polycondensation). Secondly, the term also includes derivatives of such a group of macromolecules from polyeucte, i.e. connections that get through reactions such as, for example, addition or substitution of functional groups on these macromolecules and which may be chemically uniform or chemically non-uniform. In addition, the term also includes so-called prepolymers, that is, reactive oligomeric pre-adducts, functional groups which are involved in the synthesis of macromolecules.

The term "polyurethane polymer" includes all polymers that get through the so-called process of diisocyanate polyaddition. It also includes those polymers which are virtually or completely free of urethane groups. Examples p is lauretano polymers are polyurethanes based on polyethers, polyurethanes based on polyesters, polyureas based on polyethers, polyureas, polyurea-based polyesters, polyisocyanurate and polycarbamide.

Suitable polymers P, first, are polymers based on polymers with integral alkoxysilane groups, which are known to the person skilled in the art under the designation "MS polymers", or, secondly, polymers based on polyurethane with integral alkoxysilane groups, which are known to the person skilled in the art under the designation "SPUR" (Polyurethanes with terminal wilanowie groups).

They represent, for example, reaction products of polyurethane polymers having isocyanate groups, with organosilane, reactive towards isocyanates and having end alkoxysilane groups, such as, for example, mercaptoethylamine or aminoalkylsilane described, for example, in patent US 3632557, in particular the reaction products of polyurethane polymers having isocyanate groups, the reaction of the adducts Michael aminoalkylsilanes and complex diesters of maleic or fumaric acid, as described, for example, in patent EP 0403921; products hydrosilation reactions of polymers having terminal double bonds, in particular, polyoxyalkylene polymers with terminal allyl groups, Ala is keilaniemi, described, for example, in patents US 3971751 and US 6207766; the reaction products of polymers containing active hydrogen atoms, for example, in the form of hydroxyl groups or mercaptopropyl, isocyanatobenzene described, for example, in patents US 4345053 and US 5990257; polymers containing 3-(N-celelalte)aminopropanoic groups, which are the reaction products of polymers containing 3-oxopropionate group, and aminoalkylsilanes described, for example, in international patent publication WO 2004/056905. The content of the patents mentioned above, therefore, incorporated by reference in this application, and the disclosure is thus enabled.

On the other hand, polyurethane polymers having isocyanate groups are also suitable as polymer P. Such suitable polyurethane polymers can be obtained in particular by reaction of at least one polyisocyanate with at least one polyol. This reaction can be carried out by the reaction of interaction between the polyol and MDI by conventional processes, for example, at temperatures from 50°C to 100°C, optionally with the concomitant use of suitable catalysts, where the polyisocyanate is metered so that its isocyanate groups are present in stoichiometric excess relative to the hydroxyl groups of the polyol. Mainly, the polyisocyanate doziruut, in order to maintain the ratio NCO/OH equal to 1.5 to 5, in particular, the ratio of NCO/OH equal to 1.8 to 3. Here, under the ratio of NCO/OH understand the value of the ratio used isocyanate groups to the number of used hydroxyl groups. The content of free isocyanate groups of 0.5-15% by weight, particularly preferably 1-10% by weight, preferably stored in the polyurethane polymer after the reaction of all hydroxyl groups of the polyol.

To obtain the polyurethane polymer can be used as polyisocyanates are commercially available aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanates, in particular diisocyanates.

For example, they are the diisocyanates, isocyanate groups which are associated in each case with aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or arylaliphatic atom, also referred to as "aliphatic diisocyanates, such as 1,6-hexamethylenediisocyanate (HDI), 2-methylpentanediol-1,5-diisocyanate, 2,2,4 - and 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexamethylenediisocyanate (TMDI), 1,12-dodecyltrimethoxysilane, diisocyanate and lysine diisocyanate complex lysine ester, cyclohexane-1,3-diisocyanate, cyclohexane-1,4-diisocyanate, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethyl (= isophorondiisocyanate or IPDI), perhydro-2,4'-difenilmetana-diisocyanate, perhydro-4,4'-difenilmetana-diisocyanate 1,4-diisocyanato-2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexane (TMCDI), 1,3 and 1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, m - and p-xylylene-diisocyanate (m - and p-XDI), m - and p-tetramethyl-1,3-xylene-diisocyanate, m - and p-tetramethyl-1,4-xylene-diisocyanate, bis(1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl)naphthalene; and diisocyanates having isocyanate groups associated in each case with aromatic atom, also known as "aromatic diisocyanates, such as 2,4 - and 2,6-toluene-diisocyanate (TDI), 4,4'-, 2,4'- and 2,2'-diphenylmethanediisocyanate (MDI), 1,3 - and 1,4-phenylene-diisocyanate, 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-diisocyanates, naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate (NDI), 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-diisocyanatobutane (TOBI); oligomers and polymers of the aforementioned isocyanates, and any mixtures of the aforementioned isocyanates.

Suitable polyols are polyols based on polyethers, polyols based on polyesters and polyols based on polycarbonates and mixtures of these polyols.

Particularly suitable polyols based on polyethers, also known as polyoxyalkylene or oligopoly on the basis of simple oligoesters, are polyols based on polyethers, which are polymerization products of ethylene oxide, 1,2-propylene oxide, 1,2 - or 2,3-butilenica, oxetane, tetrahydrofuran or mixtures thereof, optionally polymerized by means of an initiator having two or more active hydrogen atoms per molecule, such as the nab, the emer, water, ammonia or compounds having many groups HE or NH, such as, for example, 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2 - and 1,3-propandiol, neopentylglycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, the isomeric dipropyleneglycol and dipropyleneglycol, isomeric butandiol, pentandiol, hexandiol, heptanediol, octanediol, nonanediol, decanediol, undemandingly, 1,3 - and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, bisphenol a, hydrogenated bisphenol a, 1,1,1-trimethyloctane, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane, glycerol, aniline, and mixtures of the aforementioned compounds. Can be used as polyoxyalkylene, which have a low degree of ninasimone (measured according to ASTM D-2849-69 and installed in milliequivalent ninasimone per gram of polyol (mEq/g)), made, for example, through so-called catalysts on the basis of a double metal cyanide complex (DMC catalysts), and polyoxyalkylene having a higher degree of ninasimone made, for example by anionic catalysts such as NaOH, KOH, CsOH or alkali metal alcoholate.

Especially suitable are polyoxyethyleneglycol and polyoxypropyleneamine, in particular polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene.

Especially suitable are polyoxyalkylene or polyoxyalkylene, it is matter of degree ninasimone less than 0.02 mEq/g, and having a molecular weight in the range from 1000 to 30,000 g/mol, and polyoxyethylenes, polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene and polyoxypropylene having a molecular weight of 400-8000 g/mol. In this document, the term "molecular weight" always understand the meaning of average molecular weight Mn.

In this way, especially suitable are the so-called polyoxypropyleneamine with integral ethyleneoxide groups. The latter are a special Polyoxypropylenediamine that receive, for example, if the net polyoxypropyleneamine, in particular polyoxypropylene and-trioli additionally subjected to alkoxycarbonyl after completion of the reaction polipropilenovaya and who, consequently, have primary hydroxyl groups. In this case, Polyoxypropylenediamine and Polyoxypropylenediamine are preferred.

In addition, are suitable polybutadienes with terminal hydroxyl groups, such as, for example, polybutadienes with terminal hydroxyl groups, which is obtained by polymerization of 1,3-butadiene and allyl alcohol or by oxidation of polybutadiene, and the products of their hydrogenation.

Polyols based on polyethers with grafted styrene-Acrylonitrile, which are commercial the key available for example, under the trade name Lupranol® in the company Elastogran GmbH, Germany, are also suitable.

Particularly suitable polyols based on polyesters are polyesters which carry at least two hydroxyl groups and which receive the known methods, in particular by polycondensation hydroxycarbonic acids or the polycondensation of aliphatic and/or aromatic polycarboxylic acids with diatomic or polyatomic alcohols.

Particularly suitable polyols based on polyesters polyols are based on polyesters derived from diatomic or triatomic alcohols, such as, for example, 1,2-ethanediol, diethylene glycol, 1,2-propandiol, dipropyleneglycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentylglycol, glycerol, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane or mixtures of the aforementioned alcohols, with organic dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides or esters, such as, for example, succinea acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, trimethyladipic acid, cork acid, azelaic acid, sabotinova acid, dodecadienol acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, dimer fatty acid, phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, dimethyl terephthalate, GE is sagittally acid, trimellitate acid and trimellitic anhydride or mixtures of the aforementioned acids, and polyols based on polyesters derived from lactones, such as ε-caprolactone.

Diols based on polyesters are particularly suitable, especially diols based on polyesters derived from adipic acid, azelaic acid, sabatinovka acid, dodecadienol acid, dimer fatty acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid as dicarboxylic acids and lactones, such as ε-caprolactone, and from ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexandiol, diol based on dimer fatty acid and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol as a diatomic alcohol.

Particularly suitable polycarbonatediol are polycarbonatediol obtained reaction interaction, for example, the above-mentioned alcohols used in the synthesis of polyols based on polyesters, diallylmalonate, such as dimethylcarbonate, dellcorporate, such as diphenylcarbonate, or with phosgene. Especially suitable are polycarbonatediol, in particular amorphous polycarbonatediol.

Additional suitable polyols are poly(meth)acrylate polyols.

In addition, appropriate t is Auda also polyols based polipeptides, also known as Oligopeptide alcohols, for example, polyhydroxy-functionalityand ethylene-propylene, ethylene-butylene or ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers, which are produced, for example, the company Kraton Polymers, USA, or polyhydroxy-functionalityand copolymers derived from dienes, such as 1,3-butadiene, or mixtures of dienes and vinyl monomers such as styrene, Acrylonitrile or isobutylene, or polyhydroxy-functionalityand polybutadiene, for example, polyhydroxy-functionalityand polybutadiene, which is obtained by copolymerization of 1,3-butadiene and allyl alcohol and which can also be hydrogencarbon.

Besides, are appropriate, polyhydroxy-functionalityand Acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymers, which can be obtained, for example, from epoxides or aminoalcohols and Acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymers with terminal carboxyl groups (commercially available under the name Hycar^®CTBN in the company of Emerald Performance Materials, LLC, USA). The above-mentioned polyols preferably have an average molecular weight 250-30000 g/mol, in particular 1000-30000 g/mol and an average functionality IT is in the range from 1.6 to 3.

Particularly suitable polyols are polyols based on polyesters and polyols on the basis of simple polyols, cha is in the surrounding area polyoxyethyleneglycol, polyoxypropyleneglycol and Polyoxypropylenediamine, preferably polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, Polyoxypropylenediamine and Polyoxypropylenediamine.

The proportion of the polymer P is preferably 20-80% by weight, in particular 20 to 60% by weight, preferably 25-50% by weight, based on the total weight of the foam.

Soot, which is present as a filler in a single component, moisture curing the foam, in particular, is an industrially produced carbon black.

In addition to soot, one-component, moisture curing, the foam may optionally contain additional fillers such as mica, talc, kaolin, wollastonite, feldspar, syenite, chlorite, bentonite, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate (precipitated or shredded/grated), cristobalite, calcium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium oxide, hollow ceramic spheres, hollow glass spheres, hollow organic spheres, glass spheres or colored pigments.

The gas that is present in one-component, moisture curing the foam, which are selected from the group consisting of nitrogen (N₂), hydrogen (H₂), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrous oxide (N₂O), inert gas and mixtures of these gases and air. Nitrogen or drained the initial air is particularly suitable. The dry air is preferred. Under dried air see air, which as far as possible, dehydrated, in particular completely dehydrated.

The gas is enclosed in the pores in the one-component, moisture curing the foam, which, in particular, are distributed in the foam evenly.

Composition Z to obtain a one-component, moisture curing of the foam is preferably free from chemical foaming agents.

One-component, moisture curing of the foam, in addition, may contain a thixotropic agent based on a derivative of urea. Derived urea represents, in particular, the reaction product of an aromatic Monomeric diisocyanate with aliphatic aminoguanidinium. Also are quite possible reactions of a number of different Monomeric diisocyanates with one or more aliphatic amino compounds or Monomeric diisocyanate with a number of aliphatic amino compounds. The reaction product of 4,4'-difenilmetana-diisocyanate (MDI) with butylamine, as it turns out, is particularly advantageous.

A derivative of urea is preferably present in the base material. The carrier material can be a plasticizer, in particular phthalate or adipate, preferably diisodecylphthalate (DIDP) or dioctyladipate the (DOA). Environment media can also be nidifugous environment of the media.

It is preferred to guarantee as little bias as possible, after curing of unreacted components. Polyurethane blakolmer are preferred as ndifundisa of the carrier medium. The receipt of such preferred derivatives of urea and materials-carriers are described in detail in US patent 6548593, which is therefore incorporated by reference in this application. The carrier material is primarily polyurethane blakolmer, in particular obtained by the reaction of interaction trifunctional polyol-based polyether with IPDI and subsequently by blocking the terminal isocyanate groups of ε-caprolactam.

The total share of the thixotropic substance is predominantly 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably 5-25% by weight, based on the total weight of the foam. Preferably the mass ratio derived urea to not necessarily present environment of the carrier is from 0.02:1 to 1:1, in particular from 0.05:1 to 0.3:1.

One-component, moisture curing, the foam may contain additional components, in particular catalysts, heat and/or light stabilizers, plastify the Torah, solvents, foaming agents, dyes and pigments.

Such additional components are preferably already present in the moisture curing composition Z to obtain a foam. Therefore, preference is given such a choice is not necessarily present additional components, so that the presence of such a component does not have an adverse effect on the shelf life of moisture curing composition Z, or optionally also one-component, moisture curing of the foam. In particular, the ability of the composition Z to foaming and properties of the coating and curing of the foam should not have a negative impact during preparation and storage of the composition Z. This means that the reaction, in particular, isocyanate groups, which lead to chemical curing of the described foam, should not proceed to a significant extent during storage. Thus, it is particularly preferable that the above-mentioned components do not contain, or does not release during storage, water, or contain, or release during storage, at most, traces of water. For this reason, it may be appropriate and acceptable chemical or physical osushivaniya some components before mixing with the composition.

Describes the composition Z preferably receive and store in otsutstvie moisture. It, therefore, is stable during storage, i.e. it can be stored in the absence of moisture in suitable packaging or in a suitable fixture, such as, for example, a cylindrical container, a bag or a cartridge, during the period of time from several months to a year or more without change, to the extent relevant to its application.

The above applies to single-component, moisture curing of the foam, which preferably also receive and store in the absence of moisture and which, therefore, is chemically stable when stored for a relatively long period of time, similar to the composition Z.

In particular, as the composition Z can be used one-component, moisture curing adhesives and sealers/sealing materials, which are commercially available as product series provides^®the company Sika Schweiz AG.

After foaming and coating compositions Z curing of the foam is due to the fact that the above-mentioned foam comes into contact with water, in particular in the form of atmospheric moisture during application. The curing reaction is also referred to as stitching.

The water necessary for the curing reaction may occur from the air (atmospheric humidity), or the foam may be brought into contact with the aqueous component, for example, by promazyvanija, for example, using a smoothing tool, or by spraying, or a water-containing component can be added to the foam during application, for example, in the form of aqueous paste, which is admixed, for example, by means of a static mixer.

In dry condition the foam has a high mechanical strength in combination with good elongation and has good adhesive properties even after a significant "hit" of moisture. Thus, it is suitable for many applications, in particular as an elastic adhesive, elastic sealant or as an elastic coating.

The invention also includes a method of obtaining a one-component, moisture curing of the foam.

First, the preferred method of obtaining single-component, moisture curing of the foam is to supply the gas in a single component, moisture curing composition Z at temperatures of 0-80°C., in particular 10-60°C, and the adulteration of its composition and its distribution through knead apparatus. In this way the gas can be fed, for example, therefore, when the gas is blown into the composition by means of line pressure, or when it is sucked into the composition by means of reduced pressure in knead the equipment is the same.

This preferred method is described, for example, in the patent DE 102005 042 380 A1, which is incorporated by reference in this application.

The second way of obtaining one-component, moisture curing foam is injected gas, which is present in the liquid or supercritical state, in the one-component curing in a moist environment composition Z, which is under pressure, and adulteration/challenging him in the composition and distribution through knead apparatus. During the subsequent grazing pressure of the composition to atmospheric pressure, the gas expands, and forms a foam.

The essential point in all ways of getting one-component, moisture curing foam is that the composition Z-foamed prior to application, i.e., the foaming process is largely completed at the time of application. The only way to guarantee that the composition can be precisely/exactly applied, and that in the case when a single component, moisture curing foam is used as the adhesive, there is no displacement of the substrates to be adhesively connected (glued), due to the foaming process during curing.

In addition, the present invention includes the label of the above one-component, moisture curing foam as an adhesive or sealant/sealing material or coatings and to fill the hollow foam structures. The foam can be used for a wide range of potential applications.

In particular, one-component, moisture curing foam according to the invention is suitable as a moisture curing adhesive for elastic adhesive bonds and seals/sealed connections in the design of vehicles.

As for the one-component, moisture curing foam according to the invention, based on the composition Z, it is possible to vary the density of the resulting moisture curing of the foam through various degrees of foaming. Therefore, one-component, moisture curing foams with different fraction of the gas can be obtained from the same composition Z and used for different purposes. With suitable foaming and mixing unit, which is used directly in front of the unit for applying one-component, moisture curing of the foam, you can also change the degree of foaming during application in a very short time.

The present invention, moreover, relates to a method of adhesion the th binding of substrates S1 and S2, includes stage

C1) applying a one-component, moisture curing foam according to the above description on the substrate S1;

C2) bring one-component, moisture curing of the foam in contact with the second substrate S2;

or

d1) applying a one-component, moisture curing foam according to the above description on the substrates S1 and S2;

d2) connect the two substrates S1 and S2, are covered with one-component, moisture curing foam.

The substrate S1 is made of a material that is identical to or different from the material of the substrate S2.

The present invention also relates to a method for germetizirovany/sealing substrate S1 and/or S2, which includes stages

E1) applying a one-component, moisture curing foam according to the above description on a substrate S1 and/or S2;

or

f1) applying a one-component, moisture curing of the foam in accordance with the above description between the surfaces of the substrates S1 and S2.

The substrate S1 is made of a material that is identical to or different from the material of the substrate S2.

The present invention, moreover, relates to a method for producing a coating on a substrate S1, including the state

g1) applying a one-component, moisture curing foam according to videopom the type description to the substrate S1.

The present invention also relates to a method for filling a hollow foam structures, including the state

h1) injection, single component, moisture curing foam in existing hollow design.

The foam can be used for sealing/sealing compounds and/or sound and/or for structural hardening of the hollow structure, such as a structural element.

After adhesive bonding stages C2) and d2), and after germetizirovany/seal stages E1 and f1), and after coating the g1 phase), and after filling the hollow foam designs stage h1), conduct the curing one-component, moisture curing of the foam through the water, in particular in the form of atmospheric moisture.

Application of one-component, moisture curing foam is produced, in particular at temperatures in the range from 10 to 40°C, preferably at temperatures in the range from 20 to 30°C.

An additional part of the invention is that in the above method, the degree of foaming of the composition Z and, consequently, gas content, single component, moisture curing foam according to the invention may vary during application of the foam by connecting the device DL the expansion (increase in volume with pore formation) and apparatus for applying sequentially or with their combination. This is implemented by, for example, by foaming the composition Z in apparatus for expanding and by applying foam thus obtained, directly from the device to expand. For the present invention is of great importance that receiving one-component, moisture curing of the foam fails when applied, that is, for example, when the foam leaves the cylinder device for applying. A suitable installation for the expansion and application can be powered by the computer via a suitable software in order to adjust the degree of foaming. The advantage of varying the degree of foaming during application is that foams with different properties, can be applied from the same device for the application, preferably without interrupting the application.

Figure 1 schematically shows the method of obtaining and applying and curing one-component, moisture curing foam according to the invention. This method is used, for example, for adhesive bonding two substrates S1 and S2 on the production line. The composition Z is served together with the gas from the gas container 2 knead in the machine m, where the composition Z 1 and the gas are mixed with each other. One-component, moisture curing p is nomaterial 3, formed there, immediately put out knead machine M by means of a device for applying or manually on a substrate S1 4. After that, the substrate S1 4 is connected with a second substrate S2 4' using a one-component, moisture curing of the foam. One-component, moisture curing foam is then cured by means of water, in particular in the form of atmospheric moisture, which gives a moisture curing foam 3'.

The advantage of this method, in which a stage for receiving and applying foam occur immediately one after the other, is that the gas content in a single component, moisture curing of the foam can vary within a very short time. Thus, one-component, moisture curing foams may be obtained from the same composition Z and can have different properties due to different gas content in them. The application of such one-component, moisture curing of the foam can be carried out in such a way without (re)setting the device for applying for one sample.

Figure 2 schematically shows a drop of one-component, moisture curing foam 3 on the substrate S1 4, where part (in the circle) are shown on a larger scale. The gas present in the pores or cells 6, which are distributed R is Vomero in the composition Z.

Figure 3 shows schematically the hood of the car, consisting of an outer metal sheet 5 and reprobating inner metal sheet 5' below to provide rigidity to adhesive bonding. One-component, moisture curing, the foam is applied as an adhesive device for use on steel frame 5' without (re)setting the above-mentioned device for the application. Depending on the position of the adhesive bond, put a foam having different gas content. In those provisions, which require particularly high strength and must withstand high mechanical loads, preferably applied, single component, moisture curing foam 3A having a low gas content, that is, having a gas content of 10-40% by volume. In positions where moisture curing, the foam should have only limited structural strength properties, for example on the domestic portion of the hood, where a single component, moisture curing, the foam is applied only as an adhesive lining, use one-component, moisture curing foam 3b, having a high gas content, that is, having a gas content of 30-60% by volume. By changing the mixing ratio of the composition Z and gas during the process of obtaining and applying you can apply ADNOC imponente, moisture curing foams having a low gas content 3A, and one-component, moisture curing foams having a high gas content 3b, the sample without interrupting the application from the same machine.

Figure 4 schematically shows a side window 7 car, the edges of which was applied, single component, moisture curing foam as an adhesive. As described in the Figure 3, the foam is applied from one device to the application. The corners of the side Windows is applied, single component, moisture curing foam 3A having a low gas content. In the intermediate areas, where one-component, moisture curing, the foam should have a low strength, is applied, single component, moisture curing foam 3b, having a high gas content.

In addition, the invention includes a moisture curing of the foam, which is produced by stage, including curing, single component, moisture curing of the foam, which is described above.

Preferably the gas in the moisture curing of the foam is enclosed in the pores that have a diameter ≤ 1 mm, in particular ≤ 0.5 mm, preferably ≤ 0.1 mm, and dispersed in the composition evenly.

Moreover, the present invention comprises the product resulting from such ways the s adhesive binding, germetizirovany/sealing, coating or filling foam (structural voids). This product preferably is a vehicle or trailer vehicle, in particular a car.

In addition, one-component, moisture curing foam according to the invention is suitable not only for industry but also for other applications. Related applications in the construction of means of transport, such as ships, trucks, buses or rail cars, or in the design of consumer goods, such as, for example, washing machines, should be mentioned in particular.

Examples

Obtaining a single component,moisture curingfoam

300 g of polyurethane sealant provides^®252, which is made on the basis of polyurethane having isocyanate groups, and which is commercially available in the company Sika Schweiz AG, weighed in a metal container and stirred in a solvent (apparatus for dissolution) when the stirring speed is 2500 rpm and when the disk diameter is 8 cm within 7 minutes with the movement of the containers up and down. At the same time, the adhesive is blown into the dry nitrogen through the line pressure at a pressure of 3 bar. At a constant mass density decrease is moved from 1.18 kg/m ³to 1.05 kg/m³that corresponds to a volume increase of approximately 11%. Thus, get one-component, moisture curing of the foam, with the share of gas, comprising 11% by volume.

Experiments

One-component, moisture curing of the foam, which is obtained as described above, applied by hand with a spatula for steel sheet, coated by cathodic electrodeposition (CED), and which is usually used in the automotive industry. As a reference example of a sealant, not subjected to expansion (increase in volume with pore formation), put to the side the same way. The test pieces are then subjected to curing at a temperature of 23°C and 50% relative humidity for 7 days.

Results

The foam in accordance with the invention has very good adhesion to the substrate. In addition, by cutting and opening blagotvoritelnogo foam, found that the gas-filled pores of the foam is distributed very evenly, i.e. uniformly in the foam.

Brief description of drawings

Operating examples of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Identical elements or elements having the same effect are provided with the same reference numbers of the various f is the góra. Of course, the invention is not limited to the illustrated and described the current samples.

Figure 1 schematically shows the method of obtaining, applying and curing one-component, moisture curing foam;

figure 2 schematically shows the cross-section drops one-component, moisture curing of the foam or the cross-section drops along the line a-a in figure 1;

figure 3 shows a schematic view of the hood of the car, consisting of a steel sheet and the steel frame at the bottom, to adhesive bonding;

figure 4 schematically shows a side window of the car with the applied adhesive.

The figures shown only the elements essential for the direct understanding of the invention.

The list of numbers for references

1 - composition Z

2 - gas container

3 is a single component, moisture curing foam

3A is a single component, moisture curing, the foam having a low gas content

3b is a single component, moisture curing, the foam having a high gas content

3' - vlagootvedeniya foam

4 - part, which must be attached/substrate S1

4' - part, which must be attached/substrate S2

5 - engine/external sheet metal

5' - engine/internal sheet metal

6 achak the/pores

7 - side window.

M - mixing device

1. One-component moisture curing foam, consisting of
a) 10-60 vol.%, at least one gas; and
b) one-component, moisture curing in a moist environment composition Z that contains
b1) at least one polymer P having isocyanate groups and/or alkoxysilane group; and
b2) 10-30 wt.% carbon black, based on the total mass of a single component, moisture curing of the foam.

2. One-component moisture curing foam according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer P is a polyurethane polymer that has isocyanate groups.

3. One-component moisture curing foam according to claim 1, characterized in that the one-component, moisture curing composition Z is free from chemical foaming agents (pore).

4. One-component moisture curing foam according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas is enclosed in the pores which are uniformly distributed in the foam.

5. One-component moisture curing foam according to claim 4, wherein the gas is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen (N₂), hydrogen (H₂), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrous oxide (N₂O), inert gas and any mixtures of these gases and air, in particular, nitrogen or dried nitrogen, preferably drained in the spirit.

6. A method of obtaining a one-component moisture curing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the gas is fed in the one-component moisture curing composition Z at temperatures of 0-80°C., in particular 10-60°C, and vmeshivat in composition and distribute through knead system;
or the fact that the gas that is present in the liquid or supercritical state is injected in one-component moisture curing composition Z, which is under pressure, vmeshivat in composition Z and distribute through knead unit, and expand during the subsequent grazing pressure of the composition so as to form a foam.

7. Application of one-component moisture curing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5 as an adhesive or sealant/sealing material, to obtain a coating or filling foam in hollow structures.

8. The use according to claim 7 as a one-component moisture curing adhesive and/or sealant/sealing material, in particular, to obtain elastic adhesive connection.

9. A method of adhesive bonding (connection bonding) substrates S1 and S2, which includes stages
C1) applying a one-component moisture curing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5 on a substrate S1;
C2) bring one component of blootered the constituent of the foam in contact with the second substrate S2;
or
d1) applying a one-component, moisture curing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5 on the substrates S1 and S2;
d2) connect the two substrates S1 and S2, are covered with one-component moisture curing foam;
where the substrate S1 is made of a material that is identical to or different from the material of the substrate S2.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the degree of foaming of the composition Z and, consequently, the gas content of one-component moisture curing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5 vary during application of the foam.

11. How germetizirovany/sealing substrate S1 and/or S2, which includes stages
E1) applying a one-component moisture curing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5 on a substrate S1 and/or S2;
or
f1) applying a one-component moisture curing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5 between the surfaces of the substrates S1 and S2;
where the substrate S 1 consists of a material that is identical to or different from the material of the substrate S2.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the degree of foaming of the composition Z and, consequently, the gas content of one-component moisture curing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5 vary during application of the foam.

13. A method of producing a coating on a substrate S1 that includes the stage
g1) applying a one-component moisture curing foam p is any of claims 1 to 5 on a substrate S1.

14. The method according to item 13, wherein the degree of foaming of the composition Z and, consequently, the gas content of one-component moisture curing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5 vary during application of the foam.

15. The method of filling the hollow foam structures, including the state
h1) injection, single component, moisture curing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the existing hollow design.

16. The method according to item 15, wherein the degree of foaming of the composition Z and, consequently, gas content, single component, moisture curing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5 vary during application of the foam.

17. Vlagootvedeniya foam, wherein the foam is obtained from the one-component moisture curing foam according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

18. Vlagootvedeniya foam on 17, characterized in that the gas enclosed in the pores that have a diameter ≤1 mm, in particular ≤0.5 mm, preferably ≤0.1 mm, and which are uniformly distributed in the composition.

19. The product, which was adhesively connected (connected by bonding), sealed/sealed, foam-filled or coated by the method according to any of p-16.

20. The product according to claim 19, characterized in that the product is a vehicle, means of transport or isdel the e consumer, in particular, car, ship, truck, bus, train car, preferably a car.