System of active noise damping and its application. RU patent 2411592.

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: here is disclosed system (10) of active noise damping for active reduction of intensity of primary sound waves (16) containing control device (11), sensor (12) of error, reference sensor (13) and several exciters (14) of secondary sound waves. Exciters (14) of secondary sound waves are designed to emit waves (15) of noise damping. Also, control device (11) connected to secondary exciters (15) processes error signal (F) and reference signal ® and generates secondary signal (S) transmitted to secondary exciters (14) through corresponding communication lines to control their emission. Thus, secondary exciters (14) emit waves (15) of noise damping, which decrease error signal (F) and facilitate optimal attenuation of sound waves. Secondary exciters (14) are positioned at boundary of open passage (21) letting primary sound waves (16) to ensure active attenuation of sound waves in open space in the direction of their transmission behind open passage (21) by means of waves of noise damping operating as "acoustic screen".

EFFECT: raised efficiency of system.

7 cl, 1 dwg

THE TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to the systems of active noise, providing active weakening of at least one primary sound waves emitted by the primary causative agent, for the account of the special arrangement of the secondary pathogens that minimize the passage of sound waves through the open border region between the two volumes. In addition, the invention refers to the layout of active noise control systems, a method of active suppression of sound waves and to the application of active noise control systems intended for active attenuation of sound waves in partially opened manageable amount.

PREREQUISITES FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF INVENTION

As is well known in engineering, sound waves, in particular interfering sound waves, such as noise, may be suppressed or passive means of using sound-absorbing devices, or active means using active noise control systems (ACP).

Well-known of the ACP, in principle, proceed as follows:

The primary causative agent, such as a noise source excites at least one primary sound wave, which has, for example, the sinusoidal form. To reduce this noise primary wavelength of sound or even completely overwhelm her with the active noise suppression on this primary sound you must apply a secondary sound wave or wave of noise reduction that has the same amplitude and frequency, but phase shifted 180 degrees. For this purpose, the regulating device ACP. This regulating device, the processing of the reference signal, simultaneous with the primary sound wave produced by the reference sensor and the signal of the error, which is measured by a sensor error, such as the relevant microphone, and the result is a secondary signal frequency equal to the frequency of the reference signal and the amplitude and phase are different. This secondary signal is fed to the secondary pathogens sound waves, for example in speakers, which convert a secondary signal into a wave or wave noise reduction. Then the total wave again monitored with errors, and the regulatory process continues so to minimize the total sound wave.

We know, for example, as discussed in the report "Present and future of industrial application of active noise"made the conference "ACTIVE-04", held in ., Virginia, September 20-22, 2004(the Group of active suppression of noise and vibrations, faculty of engineering, University of ., South Australia 5005, Australia, [email protected]), about the use of the system for ACP weakening or reducing the level of sound waves in the pipe, which is a semi-open volume with two open spaces of sound passage. However, this simple system that is used for the case of propagation of waves in one dimension, a system of active attenuation of sound waves can be easily implemented placement inside of the pipes for a secondary pathogen.

In addition, there are ways and active attenuation of sound waves in a closed volume.

In the report "Active noise reduction on the deck of the aircraft "Hercules C-130", also made in the framework of the conference "ACTIVE-04", held in ., Virginia, September 20-22, 2004 (Jon Gorman, Richard Hinchliffe and Ian Stothers, division of the company Ultra Electronics Controls", building, St. John's Park, Cowley road, ., 4 0WS, England, [email protected]), describes a system for the ACP, which reduces the level of noise in local areas the closed volume, namely the inside of the fuselage of the aircraft, or reduces primary sound waves in local areas.

In the report "Active noise reduction for Windows with triple glazing"made in the framework of the 33-th International Congress on technologies of noise" (Inter-noise 2004)held on 22-25 August 2004 in Prague, Czech Republic (A.Jakob, R.Bauers, .Moser, Institute of applied acoustics at the Technical University of Berlin, 25, D-10587 Berlin, Germany, [email protected]). describes a system of ACP for Windows with triple glazing. In this case also the active reduction of the level of primary sound waves is carried out in the closed volume between the two panes of glass Windows with triple glazing. In this system of secondary pathogens sound waves are placed on the border space between the two panes of glass to reduce the level of sound waves inside the closed controlled volume. In this case can be reduced propagation of sound through a closed window in being behind him space.

The disadvantage of these systems is that active suppression of sound waves is possible only in closed controlled quantities or volumes with simple geometric form, in which the wave propagates only in one dimension.

THE ESSENCE OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is the provision of efficient active suppression of the primary sound waves, which propagate in several directions in manageable amount or a space that is at least partially open, and the suppression of the sound waves is carried out not only in the zones, but also in all manageable amount.

This goal can be achieved by a system of active noise with a peculiar arrangement of secondary pathogens sound waves to decrease the volume level, passing through the open area, which differentiates the two volumes, with the parameters stated in the independent claim 1 of the claims, except objective of the present invention can be achieved by using the layout of active noise control systems, means for active attenuation of sound waves and using of active noise control systems for active attenuation of sound waves in a given volume, which is open to at least partially, with the characteristics specified in the other independent claims.

Proposed in the present invention active noise control system contains at least one adjustment device at least one sensor errors, at least one reference sensor and one or more secondary pathogens. Secondary exciters are designed for emitting sound waves providing noise reduction (wave noise reduction). Sensor error, which is connected with regulating device, which measures the total sound waves and transmits the measured signal errors in regulating device on the link. Sensor reference signal, which is also connected with regulating device measures the primary sound wave, and transmits the appropriate reference signal regulating device on the link. A regulating device, which is connected to secondary pathogens sound waves, handles the error signal and the reference signal and produces secondary signal, which is transmitted by the relevant lines in exciters for the implementation of management in accordance with signal errors so that the pathogens to emit sound waves, that reduce the signal errors for optimal attenuation primary sound wave.

In this scheme pathogens secondary sound waves have so that they were on the border of the passage which is to open at least in part and contains a border, and pass through the primary sound waves to ensure the active weakening of the primary sound waves through the waves noise reduction, which form an acoustic veil" at least in the part of space, which is beyond the archway and which is open at least partially.

Next, in the invention of the proposed layout of active noise control systems in a given volume using the previous system of active noise control for active attenuation of primary sound waves in a given volume.

In the model proposed in the present invention of the method of active attenuation at least one of the sound waves emitted by the primary causative agent, provide measurements of primary sound waves with the help of the reference sensor. Then with the help of sensor errors measure the error signal, corresponding to a total sound waves. Then the measured error signal and the reference signal is transmitted in regulating device. After that in the regulating device evaluation of the received signals and produces secondary signal. Secondary signal is transmitted pathogens in secondary sound waves on the appropriate links. Pathogens secondary waves have the border open passage for primary sound waves. Further, in accordance with a secondary signal secondary pathogens emit secondary sound waves, that overlap each other to create "an acoustic veil" in the open entrance, so that the primary sound waves that propagate through this passage, at least weakened and/or completely suppressed, the above mentioned stages are repeated in a loop and/or continuously met in a system of active noise, done as a system of automatic control.

Further, in accordance with the invention, a application of active noise control systems for active attenuation of sound waves in a given volume, open at least partially.

Main the idea of the invention consists in use in the system of active noise-cancelling several secondary pathogens that have so that they were on the edge, namely along the border open passage for primary sound waves, and that they radiated secondary sound waves or sound wave noise reduction, which in the open entrance superimposed on the primary sound waves attenuating or complete suppression of primary sound waves. Thus, you can create an acoustic veil", with the passage of which the primary sound waves in the direction of their distribution after the passage they can be at least weakened.

In the General case the primary waves are sound waves of noise. Accordingly, secondary waves or waves of noise reduction are sound waves of noise joined by phase. Accordingly, as a secondary pathogens such noise waves are used loudspeakers.

Open the passage is an area, surrounded by a closed border, through which the primary sound wave (wave) into the volume, in which to conduct noise suppression (controlled volume).

The border can be any closed geometrical form. However, practical implementation of the border can be placed in the same plane. For example, the border can be arranged as the perimeter, has a simple geometric shape of a triangle, circle, rectangle, ellipse, rectangle, polygon, square, line, diamond-shaped form, etc.

The boundary can also be arranged as to obtain the so-called envelope curve which covers the primary causative agent, which is the source of the noise. In this case, all over the surrounding space outside of the envelope will be the weakening of the primary sound wave.

Secondary pathogens preferably have the same distance from each other along the border passage. In this case, can be achieved optimal weakening of the primary sound wave. distribution of secondary pathogens along the border can simplify their computer models and use the simpler algorithms management system for active noise, resulting in a more effective suppression of primary sound waves.

Number secondary pathogens, necessary for the effective suppression of primary sound waves depends on different parameters, such as the geometric scheme of the protected space (controlled by volume), the geometric scheme of passage for the initial sound of the waves, the spectral composition of the primary sound wave (wave)with amplitude and/or primary frequency sound waves (waves), frequency band primary sound waves (waves), the necessary degree of suppression etc.

The term "protected space" refers to the space or the controlled volume, which must be active suppression of primary sound waves.

Generally speaking, the denser the "acoustic veil" noise reduction and better working regulating device (this primarily concerns the characteristics of speed and accuracy), the higher the degree of suppression of the primary sound waves. This means that to achieve effective weakening of the primary sound waves of proper quality or quantity of secondary pathogens and appropriate quality control instrument or even the regulatory process.

In the case of narrowband acoustic noise are required only narrowband secondary pathogens. In the case of a primary sound waves, which have a large amplitude, you must use a more powerful secondary pathogens or, respectively, the majority of them. However, due to the large number of possible applications is almost impossible to specify all possible variants of construction of systems of active noise that depend on a combination of various parameters.

The same applies to the type of secondary pathogens. Here, just as in the previous case, you must note that the type of secondary pathogens necessary for the efficient suppression of the primary sound waves depends on different parameters, such as the geometry of space or controlled volume, which must be noise reduction, the geometry of the passage for primary sound waves, the spectral composition of the primary sound wave (wave)with amplitude and/or primary frequency sound waves (waves), frequency band primary sound waves (waves), the necessary degree of suppression etc.

Similarly, as in the case of a primary sound wave with a large amplitude, you may need to use a larger number of secondary pathogens, or the same number of them, they must emit sound waves squelch greater amplitude. If the primary frequency of the sound wave lies in the lower frequency range, it may be sufficient to use only the secondary pathogens working in this lower frequency range.

Similarly, since all parameters are mutually connected to each other, it is impossible to enumerate all possible combinations and/or options for implementation. However, in some specific combinations of parameters, such as when a large number of high-quality secondary pathogens and fast and high-quality regulation achieves the weakening of the primary sound waves, should also be taken into account the size of the structure, in particular the size of the secondary pathogens.

In addition, the effectiveness of active noise control systems can affect the placement of sensors errors.

Just as in the case of a type and quantity of the secondary pathogens, the number and/or type of sensor errors depends on such parameters as the geometric scheme of the protected volume, a geometric diagram of passage for primary sound waves (waves), the spectral composition of the primary sound wave (wave)with amplitude and/or primary frequency sound waves (waves), the necessary degree of weakening etc.

Then the sensor reference signal and sensor errors can be designed so that they can be combined in a single sensor. In this case, there may be regulatory system with positive and negative feedback. Thus, the reference signal would otherwise have been received by the sensor of the reference signal can also be obtained from errors sensors and sensors of the reference signal, which are combined in a single sensor.

Application of the proposed invention of active noise control systems, providing for the special arrangement of the secondary pathogens at the border for active suppression of sound waves in a manageable amount, open at least partially, is extensive and diverse. For example, the system of active noise control can be installed in entrance zones noisy spaces in which it is necessary to effectively reduce the noise level. In particular, the primary agents, which are the sources of noise can be effectively covered. Similarly, for example, some areas of industrial premises, where noise reduction is a requirement of normative documents, can be effectively protected from noise without the need to reduce its level in all production premise.

This allows you to use many uses of various configurations of active noise control systems for controlled areas open at least partially, with open passage, having a border with the proposed in the invention of active noise control systems.

For example, placing a secondary pathogens along a flat rectangle of several such layouts can be created separate zone for noise reduction, in which noise protection is achieved by the formation of acoustic partitions or obstacles. You can also present options for the implementation of the invention to the airports, along the freeways and Railways, construction sites etc

Application of the proposed invention layout has the advantage that in this case there is no blocking these open passage, as in the case of using partitions passive noise reduction. Applying a system of active noise as a barrier is that, essentially, it only changes the acoustic characteristics.

Preferable location secondary pathogens on the boundary of the open passage is determined in the form of simple geometric shapes. In this case, a few of such layouts can be used jointly by the scheme of unit capacity for the formation of zones of noise reduction with large sizes.

Comparing with active noise reduction proposed for Windows with triple glazing, it should be noted that the proposed invention system is effective also with window open. In such applications, the use of the term "acoustic veil becomes a very clear.

SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

On the drawing presents a schematic diagram of the proposed invention of active noise control systems.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Below with reference to the drawing describes the layout of active noise control systems 30 according to one embodiment.

Specified (controlled) volume 20 is calculated as the partially open volume, which the drawing shows as a direct box, one facet of which is an open passage 21. Through this open passage 21 primary sound wave 16 or primary sound wave 16' (or wave), which imposed wave noise reduction, resulting in a primary sound wave 16' weakened, enters the specified volume 20.

Open the passage 21 has a border. On this border, which is shown in the drawing in the form of a rectangle host the secondary pathogens 14. With this arrangement, the secondary pathogens 14 are separated by the same distance. Sound waves 15 noise emitted secondary pathogens 14 surface open passage 21, form something like "acoustic veil, so that the primary sound wave 16 may pass an open passage 21 and get in the controlled area only after combining with these waves 15 squelch. As a result of waves formed weakened primary sound wave 16', and the degree of relaxation is a characteristic noise reduction or weakening of the primary sound wave.

1. The system (10) active noise control for active attenuation of sound waves in at least one primary sound waves emitted sound emitter, which emits a primary sound waves (16), containing: system volume, including controlled by volume (20), which is open at least in part, and includes open transition (21), which at least partially open and surrounded by border, and through this passage penetrate the primary sound waves (16) and reach the inner region of a controlled volume (20); at least one adjustment device (11); at least one sensor (12) errors; at least one reference sensor (13); some secondary pathogens (14); several pathogens (14), which are intended for radiation waves (15) noise reduction; and sensor (12) the error is connected with regulating device (11) and measures the overlapping sound waves (15, 16, 16'), which are transmitted as a signal (F) errors in regulating device (11) link; the reference probe (13) is connected with regulating device (11) and measures at least one primary sound wave (16), which is passed as a reference signal (R) in regulating device (11) appropriate communication lines; regulating device (11) connected with pathogens (15), processes the signal (F) errors and reference signal (R) and generates a signal (S)that telecommunications is passed agents (14) to control pathogens (14) depending on the error signal (F) via the signal(5) so that the agents (14) radiated wave (15) noise reduction that reduces signal errors (F), so that an optimal attenuation of sound waves; and agents (14) are placed so that they are on the border passage, to ensure the active attenuation of sound waves (16), at least in the part of space for - pass (21) waves (15) noise reduction, acting as an acoustic veil".

2. The system of claim 1 in which agents (14) are at the same distance from each other along the border open passage (21).

3. The system of claim 1 in which the amount of agents (14) is selected in the depending on parameters such as the geometric scheme of space, which should be noise reduction, the geometrical layout of the open door (21), the spectral composition of the primary sound waves (waves) (16), the amplitude and/or primary frequency sound waves (waves) (16)required degree of suppression of the sound waves (waves).

4. The system of claim 1 in which the type of causative agents (14) is selected depending on parameters such as the geometrical layout of the space, which should be carried out noise reduction, the geometrical layout of the open door (21), the spectral composition of primary sound waves (waves) (16), the amplitude and/or primary frequency sound waves (waves) (16), the necessary degree of suppression of the sound waves (waves).

5. The system of claim 1 in which multiple sensors (12) errors, with the number and/or the location of the sensors (12) errors are selected depending on parameters such as the geometric scheme of space, which should be noise reduction, the geometrical layout of the open door (21), the spectral composition of the primary sound waves (waves) (16), the amplitude and/or primary frequency sound waves (waves) (16)required degree of suppression of the sound waves (waves).

6. The method of active attenuation at least one primary sound waves emitted sound emitter radiating the primary sound waves, containing the following stages: primary measurement of the sound wave (16) the reference sensor (13) for the reference signal (R); dimension overlapping of the sound waves (15, 16, 16') sensor (12) errors to obtain the error signal (F); signal transmission (F) errors and the reference signal (R) in regulating device (11) along the lines of; assessment of the regulatory device (11) received signals (R, F) and formation of a secondary signal (S); secondary transmission of the signal (S) on the lines of communication agents (14), the attenuation of sound waves is provided in the system volume, including controlled by volume (20) at least partially open and includes an open passage (21), which is open at least partially surrounded by a border and through this passage penetrate the primary sound waves (16) and reach the inner region of a controlled volume (20); the agents (14) are placed on the border of the open door (21), through which pass the primary sound waves (16), and the transmitted signal (S) causes the sound waves (15) squelch that, folding form the "acoustic veil" in the open entrance (21), so that the primary sound wave (16, 16'), which runs through the open passage, weakened or eliminated entirely, and fulfilment of the above stages are repeated regulation system.

7. Application of the system (10) active noise on any one of claims 1 to 5 for the attenuation of sound waves in a manageable amount (20), which is open at least partially.