Method for surgical modelling of cerebrospinal-fluid fistula |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method for surgical modelling of cerebrospinal-fluid fistula (RU 2395849):
Method of modelling chronic toxic nephropathy / 2395848
To model chronic toxic nephropathy, nickel chloride is injected subcutaneously to an experimental animal daily once a day in doses 0.3, 0.5 and 0.8 mg/kg of animal's weight in metal equivalent. And a unit of said solution of 0.1 ml contains 0.03, 0.05 or 0.08 mg of nickel respectively.
 Diagnostic technique for posttraumatic stress disorder modelled in laboratory animals / 2395847
Laboratory animals are exposed to "recalling" stress. The diagnostics is based on blood parametres in the hormone samples taken in the pre set time with the blood samples drawn in 30 and 60 minutes after the stress. Each sample is analysed for corticosterone concentration. And if in the 60-minute sample, it is lower than in the 30-minute sample, posttraumatic stress disorder in an animal unit is diagnosed.
Method of simulation of chemical gastritis in experiment / 2395125
For simulation of chemical gastritis in nonlinear white rats a mixture of 200 mcl of 5% solution of ascorbic acid and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory preparation Ketorol are administered orally during 21 days at the rate of 5 mg/kg 1 hour prior to feeding once a day.
 Method of study of photosensitisers biological distribution / 2395124
Registration of fluorescence in vivo and noninvasive is conducted with method of diffusion fluorescence tomography using device where radiation source and radiation detector are located in configuration "peek-a-boo". Analysis of fluorescence intensity is conducted with images of an animal in the frontal plane. Fluorescence registration is conducted both in abdominal cavity organs and in tense areas of skin and abdominal region as a whole. Armpits skin is used as tense areas of skin.
 Method of protecting post-vaccination immunity to tetanus anatoxin against methotrexate-induced depression / 2394577
Invention relates to experimental medicine, and can be used for protection of post-vaccination immunity to tetanus anatoxin against methotrexate-induced depression. Method includes parenteral introduction of miliacin into experimental animal organism in dose 2 mg/kg of weight. Miliacin is introduced tree times daily to animals with formed post-vaccination immunity to tetanus anatoxin, subjected to immunodepressive impact of methotrexate cytostatic.
 Method of correcting ischemic liver affection / 2394574
Invention relates to medicine, namely to experimental surgery, and can be used for correction of ischemic liver affection. For this purpose 2 hours before operation 5% mexicor solution in dose 10 mg/kg of weight is intravenously jet injected to experimental animal. After that one hour before operation actovegin in dose 10 mg/kg of weight is intravenously jet injected. During operation ischemia is created by temporal extracorporal portacaval shunting. In post-operation period each of preparations is introduced 1 time a day during 7 days. Interval between their introduction is 12 hours: mexicor is introduced at 8 o'clock, actovegin - at 20 o'clock.
Method of determining non-specific anti-infectious action of immunomodelling immunobiological preparation / 2394559
Invention relates to medicine, namely to treatment of infectious diseases, and can be used in determination of non-specific anti-infectious action of immunomodelling immunobiological preparation (IIP). Essence of method consists in the following: IIP in therapeutically efficient for immunocorrection day dose is perorally introduced to a group of 5-7 monkeys with diarrhea syndrome, in combination with efficient in case of diarrhea syndrome antibiotic, in day dose, which constitutes 1/2 of the dose efficient in case of diarrhea syndrome. After that in case if carried out treatment is inefficient during 2 days, day dose of antibiotic is increased to 3/4 of the dose efficient in case of diarrhea syndrome. Determined is either absence of non-specific anti-infectious IIP action in case when combined application of IIP and antibiotic proves to be inefficient during 7 days, or presence of non-specific anti-infectious IIP action in case when combined application of IIP and antibiotic proves to be efficient.
Method of modelling pathological sinuation of internal carotid artery in experimental animals / 2394506
Invention refers to medicine, particularly to vascular surgery and can be used in experimental surgery. It involves an extensive sympathectomy of the common, internal and external carotid arteries by removing their adventitial coats. The common carotid artery is fixed to a medial edge of the fascial compartment of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. At the level of occipital vessels between two ligatures, the external carotid artery is transected, and within a bifurcation point of the common carotid artery, two clamps are applied on the internal carotid artery. The lower clamp is placed along an extension line of a lateral edge of the external carotid artery, while the upper clamp - transversally and in between; the internal carotid artery is transected; anastomosis of a distal end of the internal carotid artery with a proximal end of the external carotid artery is created, and pathological sinuation of the internal carotid artery is formed.
 Method of modeling non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats / 2394281
For simulation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats 4.25 g of melted beef fat and 0.43 g of powdered cholesterol per 100 g of body weight were administered to animals daily during 6 months with food. The method provides an adequate reproduction of the model.
 Method of simulation of chronic pancreatitis / 2394280
For simulation of chronic pancreatitis destruction of pancreatic tissue of rats is carried out with 1% solution of Triton X-100 in the amount of 0.1 ml. After a single injection of the drug to experimental animals they are given 15% aqueous ethanol to drink instead of water during three months.
 Method of treating advanced ovarian carcinoma with distant metastases / 2395314
Invention refers to medicine, oncology, and can be used for treating advanced ovarian carcinoma with distant metastases. That is ensured by total body irradiation combined with local radiation therapy. Said total irradiation is applied 10-14 days after surgical intervention with using a linear electron accelerator twice a week in a single dose 0.1 Gy to total dose 1.0 Gy by series rotation and static radiation with anteroposterior fields. For the rotation irradiation, a patient is placed directly under an isocentre of the irradiator. A rotation angle α is calculated by formula: α=2arc ctg (2(L+P0)/A), where A is height, L is a distance from the isocentre to the middle of the anteroposterior value, P0 is a half of the anteroposterior value at the mid-body level. The static irradiation is ensured by a wedge filter. The vertical deviation angles of a cantilever β from the lower extremities and from the head are calculated by formula: β=Arc tg (A/4(L+P)), where P is a half of the anteroposterior value at the static field entering level. The dose D from each field is calculated by formula: D=Dr(1-((R+L+P)/(R+(L+P)/tg β))2), where Dr is a dose released from the rotation field, R is a distance from a source to the rotation centre. The local radiation therapy on the manifested centres is performed with single doses 3 Gy or 2 Gy and total doses 40 Gy to 50 Gy. The chemotherapy followed in 1-2 months after the termination of the radiation therapy and represents 6-9 courses every 2-3 months.
 Method of revascularisation of femoral bone head / 2395245
Invention relates to field of medicine, namely to traumatology and orthopedics, and can be applied in treatment of vascular affections of femoral bone head of various etiology (osteochondopathy, Perthes diseas, degenerative-dystrophic affection of hip joint, aceptic necrosis of femoral bone head) at the initial sage of disease, without disturbing anatomical interrelationship of joining surfaces of hip joint. Bed for osteosynthesis is formed through two cuts: the first - 2 cm long in region of greater trochanter tip, the second - 4 cm long in subtrochanteric region. Periosteum is detached only in zone of osteotomy. Double osteotomy at intersubtrochanteric level is carried out. In the place of osteotomy diastasis is created; on thickness of cortical layer with the distance between them equal 1.5 cm with further osteosynthesis of hip proximal part. Plate for osteosynthesis is introduced through cut in the region of greater trochanter tip. Fixation of proximal part of plate is carried out by means of screws through preliminarily made cuts, distal part is fixed through two additional cuts each 1.0 cm long under X-ray control.
 Method of preparing short stumps (rudiments) of hand finger phalanxes for prosthetics / 2395244
Invention relates to medicine, namely to traumatology and orthopedics. Elongation of bone stump is realised by transposition of bone autotransplant on feeding it dorsal metacarpal artery, separated from diaphysis of underlying metacarpal bone of elongated finger phalanx, through subcutaneous tunnel and cut onto dorsal surface of bone stump of phalanx with its further fixation by means of axial pin.
 Method of preparation for prosthetics of short hand stump / 2395243
Invention relates to medicine, namely to hand prosthetics. Osteotomy of wrist bones is carried out at middle level in transversal direction, forming toothed line in distal row of wrist bones, and arch-like line in proximal row of wrist bones. Distance apparatus is applied by passing one pair of parallel and mutually crossing pins through each distal and proximal zone of short hand stump bones.
Method of alveolar process plasty in children in case of inherent cleft lip and palate / 2395242
Invention relates to maxillofacial surgery and can be applied for plasty of alveolar process in children in case of inherent cleft lip and palate. Cut of mucosa on edges of alveolar process cleft is performed. Flaps are separated from defect edges exposing bone fragments of alveolar process of maxilla. In prepared bed rammed is finely crushed spongy bone taken from iliac crest, mixed with tricalcium phosphate granules in equal ratios. Into bone wound of iliac bone osteoplastic material, containing 25% of hydroxyapatite granules and 75% of tricalcium phosphate granules mixed with patient's blood, is introduced.
Method of surgical treatment of alveolar defects / 2395241
Invention relates to dentistry and can be applied for surgical treatment of alveolar defects. Preparation of bed for bone transplant is carried out through tunnel access made mesially from defect zone. As autogenic bone transplant, cortical part of tibia 2-3 mm thick is taken, from which two plates and crushed bone tissue are prepared in amount sufficient for defect filling. One bone plate is placed in defect zone with formation of vestibular wall. Volume of defect is filled with crushed bone tissue. The second bone plate is placed with formation of occlusion wall. Bone plates are fixed.
 Method of nail plate deformation prevention in paronychia treatment / 2395240
Invention relates to medicine, namely to ambulatory surgery and can be used for treatment of nail panaritium. For this purpose from the side of affection made is zigzag cut on the whole height of nail plate in zone of lateral ridge up to unaffected growth zone of nail plate. After sanitisation applied are gauze bandages, soaked with dioxydin solution, which are replaced two times a day till wound purification.
Method of hip joint prosthetics / 2395239
Invention relates to medicine, namely to surgery and can be used in oncology in case of hip joint prosthetics caused by primary and metastatic tumours of femoral bone proximal part. Replacement of soft tissue deficiency is carried out by mobilisation of vascularised muscular flap, which represents Sartorius, cut in place of attachment to knee joint. It is brought to lateral surface of upper third of hip and fixed with sutures to remaining part of muscle straining broad fascia of the thigh (m.tensor fasciae latae), external vastus muscle of thigh (m.vastus lateralis), biceps muscle of thigh (m.biceps femoris), gluteus maximus muscle (m.glutaeus maximus), quadrate muscle of thigh (m.quadratus femoris).
 Method of parastomal woundsewing / 2395238
Invention relates to field of medicine, namely to surgery, and can be applied in operations, accompanied by formation of intestinal stomas, introduced through the wound. Essence of the method lies in sewing operation wound of skin around stoma. For this purpose skin is sewn with uninterrupted intracutaneous suture, which is covered above with latex tissue glue. After that plate of colostomy bag is glued in such way that ends of uninterrupted intracutaneous suture are near stoma and outside the colostomy bag plate.
 Method of open decompression of large intestine / 2395237
Invention relates to field of medicine, namely to surgery and can be used for carrying out large intestine decompression in case of acute large intestine obstruction of tumour etiology. For this purpose decompression is carried out before resection of tumour-affected intestine. Excision and mobilisation of bringing part of intestine above the tumour is performed. At the end of bringing part of large intestine on intestine perimetre two purse-string sutures are applied at the distance 1.5-2 cm from each other, proximally applied purse-string suture is tightened, in the centre of distally applied purse-string suture colotomic opening is formed. Into part of large intestine for 1.5-2 cm through colotomic opening introduced is 150 cm long double-lumen probe with internal diametre of external tube 12 mm and internal diametre of internal tube 4 mm, on whose operating 20 cm long end on internal and external tubes openings with 4 and 7 mm diametre correspondingly are made. After that sutures are alternately tightened and loosened with movement and removal of the probe, aspiration and irrigation being carried out simultaneously.
 Method for treating the cases of destructive pancreaticonecrosis aggravated with retroperitoneal space infection / 2243725
Method involves applying one or two parallel through draining tubes having lateral perforations. Flow lavage of the retroperitoneal space with antiseptic solutions is carried out via the perforations at room temperature and cooled solutions are administered concurrently with vacuum suction. Omental bursa is concurrently drained using the two parallel through draining tubes. Flow lavage of the omental bursa is carried out using these tubes.
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FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: defect is created in a skull to introduce and fix a catheter therein. Herewith, the ethmoidal sieve plate is perforated. In the created defect, the catheter is introduced through the superior nasal meatus. A length of the catheter is defined as a distance between an opening of the nasal meatus and the ethmoidal sieve plate increased by a thickness of soft tissues and a thickness of the sieve plate of an experimental animal. The catheter is anchored to the nostril skin, kept for at least 30 days, and then removed. EFFECT: increased lifetime of modelled chronic liquorrhea. 3 ex
The invention relates to experimental medicine, more specifically to experimental surgery, and can be used for surgical simulation liquor fistula. Despite the frequent occurrence of liquori with traumatic brain injuries, the cause of which is the emergence of a CSF fistula, the problem of effective treatment of this disease to date are not fully resolved. The recurrence of CSF fistula caused, as a rule, they lack at present is not only effective methods of locating spinal fluid fistula, but effective methods of treatment. The lack of modeling of CSF fistula is not possible to work on biological objects as methods for determining the localization of the fistula, and effective methods of treatment. Currently used methods for the determination of the localization of CSF fistula quite expensive and, most importantly, not enough informative. The so-obtained by radionuclide scanning, data accuracy will verify the fact of liquori, but it does not give information about the exact localization of CSF fistula. Often the radionuclides are distributed throughout the anterior cranial fossa from the sphenoid sinus around the ethmoid labyrinth to the frontal sinuses. With this information it is not possible to adequately determine the ü liquor fistula, consequently, radically to perform surgery. Frequent reasons for re-liquore, despite running operational benefits, due not only to inaccurate localization of CSF fistula, but the lack of effective methods for their treatment. Thus, experimental simulation of CSF fistula clearly in a fixed place, will allow to study experimentally the various new methods of locating spinal fluid fistula, and ways of its elimination, which ultimately will improve the effectiveness of the treatment of liquori. There is a method of modeling liquor fistula, which consists in creating a defect in the anterior cranial fossa through the ethmoid region (see Laryngoscope/ 1988 Jun; 98 (6 Pt 1):625-7 Links). This known method of simulation is too traumatic for the biological object. In addition, there is no probability that at each iteration of the experiments according to the method will have a permanent place of localization of CSF fistula, which ultimately does not solve the problem of its effective treatment. There is a method of surgical simulation liquor fistula, which consists in the fact that the biological object (rabbit) in the right anterior Bulle make the window 6×6 mm, then drill site 3×3 mm surgical drill and resetinput Dura of the point, creating liquore (see Am J Otol. 1999 Nov; 20 (6):777-80. Links). This known method is also quite traumatic for a biological object. In addition, the known method is quite complicated and time consuming and, therefore, cannot be recommended for widespread use in experimental medicine. In addition, this known method has the same disadvantage associated with the fact that not achieve the provisions of the educated liquor fistula in a special place with each execution of the experiment that does not provide effective treatment of this disease. In addition, this way of modeling liquor fistula is not possible to achieve a "peaceful" fistula, existing for a long time, during which it is possible to develop effective treatment methods. There is a method of modeling chronic liquori selected as the closest analogue that prevents puncture of the subarachnoid space and cisterns of the brain of an experimental animal, which is carried out with a needle, the needle is injected Teflon catheter and fix it to the skin-muscle flap (see ed. St-in the USSR №1725253, MCL G09B 23/28, publ. 07.04.92 year). The known method is designed to study the pathological processes of artificial liquori in conditions as close as possible to the s to clinical. The challenge aimed famous invention to increase the lifetime of a model of chronic liquori. Within 30 days of observation, the observation by a known method is not limited to, the experimental animal is not observed disturbances of vital functions, liquore operated in conjunction with the adequacy of volume liquidometer for this animal. However, the known method cannot be used for simulation of CSF fistula, because, first, it is in the subarachnoid (populina) space of the brain of an experimental animal, and after removal of the catheter created by the conductor puncture will close quickly, even after a long time spent in the puncture, since this channel is created in a known manner puncture takes place mainly on the soft tissues of the brain and its membranes. Secondly, the catheter is introduced using Windows Explorer, not extracted during the whole time of the experiment (and the period of the experiment is not limited to), because it is the expiration of the liquor. The presence of a catheter into the puncture during the whole time of the experiment does not allow to work on the animal organism, any method of treatment. Modeling liquori by a known method is quite dangerous is manipulation, can cause brain damage in experimental animal and to negate the entire experiment. In addition, the use for the introduction created in the puncture catheter of arbitrary length to an even greater extent increases the likelihood of damage to the brain of an experimental animal. Puncture of the subarachnoid space of the brain should be performed with extreme caution and as a rule, specialists with extensive experience, which makes the known method is not acceptable for General use in experimental medicine. In addition, the known method, in the following experiment, does not guarantee the possibility of localization of the generated puncture in the same place as in the previous experiment. This, in turn, does not provide the opportunity to develop this model of effective methods of treatment of the resulting defect. Thus, the technical result for the solution of which the invention is directed, is the creation of a safe surgical method of modeling long-standing liquor fistula with continuous localization, allowing you to work out effective methods of its treatment in experimental animals. This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of surgical simulation livornovia, including creation of a defect in the skull, introduction to the defect of the catheter and fixation according to the invention, perforined lattice plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull, in the created defect on the top coat during catheter, the length of the catheter is defined as the distance between the entrance to the bow and lattice plate of the ethmoid bone, increased by the thickness of the soft tissue and the thickness of the lattice plate experimental animal, the catheter is stitched to the skin of the nostrils, maintain not less than 30 days, and then retrieve. The implementation of simulation liquor fistula by the claimed method allows you to create a "calm" CSF fistula, and in a special place, existing for quite a long time that allows you to work on it as an effective methods of treatment and methods of determining the place of localization of CSF fistula, also necessary for effective treatment. While the inventive method low-impact and safe. Creating a defect in the lattice plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull experimental animal by punching ensures a greater degree the formation of a "quiet" liquor fistula, existing for a long time. This is ensured by the fact that when creating a defect punching is razrusheny the bone tissue, not soft on the structure of the shell, as the nearest equivalent. Introduction to the defect of the catheter through the top of the bow provides a method simplicity, security and permanent place of its location. This allows for experimental animal testing as effective treatments for spinal fluid fistula, so the development of effective methods of determining the place of its location, which also contributes to the effectiveness of his treatment. This is ensured by the fact that the introduction of the catheter is performed for anatomical channels, the same for the same type of experimental animals, and therefore there is no trauma to surrounding tissues and organs, eliminates the offset catheter that provides continuous localization generated liquor fistula in all subsequent experiments. The use of the catheter claimed in the way the length even more enhances the security of the proposed method. This is ensured by the fact that the use of the inventive catheter length excludes its protrusion beyond the created defect in the lattice plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull and, as a result, injury to the brain tissue. Podszywania catheter to the skin of the nostrils even more simplifies the way, increases its safe the path and provides guaranteed the creation of a CSF fistula. This is ensured by the fact that completely eliminates the possibility of displacement of the catheter after it is installed in the defect. The catheter in the created defect within the stated time (not less than 30 days) to an even greater extent ensures the formation at the location of the created defect persistent fistula, existing indefinitely long time. The formation of persistent, calm fistula is due to the fact that it is the presence of the catheter prevents self-obliteration (closure) of the created defect for as long as it comes with a catheter. While the authors experimentally it is found that after a stated time within which the defect has a catheter in the walls of the ethmoid plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull experimental animal adjacent to the catheter (which is coupled with the catheter), there are irreversible processes, eliminating the process of self-closure of the fistula after removal of the defect of the catheter. Removing the catheter after modeling liquor fistula allows you to carry out as the study of the structure of tissues lattice plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull of the experimental object, and to test various methods of treatment of spinal fluid fistula. The method is as follows. Biol the policy object pre-measure the distance between the entrance to the nose and ethmoid plate main bones (the skeleton skull rats (biological object), that is the skeleton of the skull in a biological object, which at the moment will conduct the experiment). This size increase by the amount of the thickness of the soft tissues of the experimental animal in place subsequent fixation of the catheter and the thickness of the lattice plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull of this animal. This increase (thickness of soft tissue plus the thickness of the lattice plate of the ethmoid bone) is about 1.9 to 2.5 mm and depends on the weight of the animal) mark on the plastic catheter. In the area of the respective catheter stitch in advance and any excess length of the catheter is cut off. Under General anesthesia by intra-abdominal injection of ketamine 5 mg/kg of body weight of experimental animal (rat) is placed on the abdomen. According to the size of the nasal cavity in the upper nasal move impose a conductor (for example, a spinal needle with a pointed end, which perforined lattice plate. The guidewire is inserted obtained size of the catheter thickness of 0.6 mm, sew it to the skin of the nostrils thread, which it was previously bound, for example prolinol 5/00. For the formation of a fistula catheter is kept in that position for at least 30 days. The correct setting of the catheter check x-ray methods: cranial x-ray and computed tomography of the head. On the Les within thirty (30) or more days, the installed catheter is removed. Formed liquor (in particular, nasal) fistula independently (without treatment) is not closed, which contributes to the development of various methods of treatment. Formed liquor (in particular, nasal) fistula is located at each repetition of the simulation by the claimed method in a special place that allows you to work on it methods of determining the place of its location, which also contributes to the effectiveness of his treatment. The method is confirmed by examples of specific performance. Example No. 1. Biological object - rat weighing 250 g On the skeleton skull rats determined the size of the distance between the entrance to the nose and ethmoid plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull. This size is equal to 20 mm This amount is increased by 2 mm (1.5 mm size thickness of the soft tissues of the rat plus 0.5 mm thickness lattice plate ethmoid bone of the skull) marked on the catheter 22 mm Extra length of the catheter is cut off. In the area of the respective catheter stitch propranolol thread. The rat under General anesthesia in the upper nasal move enter Explorer - spinal needle, with which perforined lattice plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull experimental rats. By entering the conductor in the created defect down the catheter length is 22 mm, the Catheter is fixed previously stitched thread to t is the Anna nostrils rats. The conductor is removed. Correct insertion of the catheter check roentgenological examination and computed tomography of the skull of the rat. The animal is removed from the anesthesia. Installed the catheter was kept for 30 days, after which it is removed from the defect. Created the defect itself (without treatment) was not closed during the whole time of observation (4 months). After 4 months after treatment CSF fistula was closed. Example No. 2. Biological object - rat weighing 200 g The order modeling of nasal fistula according to example No. 1. The distance between the entrance to the nose and ethmoid plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull determined on the skeleton of the skull of the rat. This size was 20 mm The length of the catheter prior to introduction defined as the above-described distance of 20 mm plus 1.9 mm in soft tissue and plus the thickness of the grating platinic ethmoid 0,2 mm the Total length of the catheter was 22.1 mm Catheter has 35 days. Created defect existed (without treatment) for 3 months. After 3 months of experimental animal was removed from the experiment for studying tissue defect checker plates. Example No. 3. Biological object - rat weighing 255, The procedure of modeling liquor (in particular, nasal) fistula according to example No. 1. Be the tion between the entrance to the nose and ethmoid plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull determined on the skeleton of the skull of the rabbit. This size was 20 mm The length of the catheter prior to introduction defined as the above-described distance of 20 mm 2.5 mm in soft tissue and plus the thickness of the grating plastinki the ethmoid bone of 0.5 mm, the Total length of the catheter was 23 mm Catheter set at 40 days. Created defect existed (without treatment) for 3 months. After 3 months of experimental animal was removed from the experiment for examining changes in the tissues checker plates were created in the region of the fistula. A method of surgical simulation liquor fistula, including creation of a defect in the skull, introduction to the defect of the catheter and its fixation, characterized in that perforined lattice plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull, created the defect in the upper nasal fly lead the catheter, the length of the catheter is defined as the distance between the entrance to the bow and lattice plate of the ethmoid bone, increased by the thickness of the soft tissue and the thickness of the lattice plate experimental animal, the catheter is stitched to the skin of the nostrils, maintain not less than 30 days, and then removed.
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