Therapy of otoacariasis in fur-bearing animals

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns veterinary science and can be used in fur breeding in case of development of otoacariasis. The therapy involves single subcutaneous introduction of preparation Bovinet in a dose 0.2 mg/kg of animal's weight.

EFFECT: invention allows reducing number of treatments.

3 tbl, 3 ex

The present invention relates to the field of veterinary arachnology, in particular to the development of effective means for the treatment and prevention of otodectes fur-bearing animals.

Otodectes fur-bearing animals is a widespread disease foxes, foxes, raccoon dogs and other animals, the causative agent of which is a mite Otodectes cynotis, parasitic on the inner surface of the auricle, ear canal and eardrum. The disease leads to inflammation in the outer and middle ear, the anxiety and therefore to a reduction of growth in the future to reduce the size of the skins and the quality of pubescence, therefore, measures against this disease - relevant.

Currently, for the treatment of otodectes animals used and 1.0%solutions of drugs from the group of macrocyclic lactones, which have acaricidal activity against mite O. cynotis, and deviations from the General condition of the animals when their appointment is not observed (1). The introduction of drugs in otodectes produce subcutaneously, twice, with an interval of 8-10 days, which is not quite convenient, because it creates for animals unnecessary stress. However, the need for the double purpose of ivermectin animals when acarosan due to their pharmacokinetics - half-life which is 12-15 days, and biology of the pair of the ITA - from eggs laid by female mites on the skin of the animal, hatch into larvae, which develop in the pronymph, then teleonemia and adults for 16-21 day. From the clear validity of the two-time processing when scabby diseases of animals.

Known highly effective preparation "Bovine" (ivermectin prolonged action), which is used in cattle, sheep against dictyocaulus, Ostertagia, gamehouse, trichostrongylosis, cooperia, esophagostomy, nematodirus, strongyloidosis, bostonusa, trihotsefaleza, tilesize hypodermatidae, Estrosi, psoroptes, sipunculans; pigs against ascariasis, esophagostomy, strongyloidosis, trihotsefaleza, metastrongylus, Sarcoptes and sipunculans (3).

The drug is not dangerous for humans and warm-blooded, has no teratogenic, mutagenic and cumulative effects, not causes of resistance in pests. Apply by injecting subcutaneously in doses: 0.2 mg/kg for current substance (LW) - cattle, sheep and 0.3 mg/kg) LW - pigs.

The technical result is prolonged action of the drug "Bovine" in the treatment of otodectes fur-bearing animals, given the lack of negative effects on animals and the reduction of stress in the appointment subcutaneously, and cost in a single application.

The solution post the undertaken tasks is achieved by that as a therapeutic drug in otodectes fur-bearing animals was used bovine, the active ingredient is ivermectin and solvent consisting of propylene glycol, glycerophosphate, polyvinylpyrolidone and prolongator.

Ivermectin is produced by the soil microorganism Streptomyces avermitilis and consists of a pair of close homologues that differ by only one metal band. Ivermectin contains not less than 80% of 22, 23-dihydroavermectin In la and not more than 20% of 22, 23-dihydroavermectin VV. It causes the death of arthropod parasites by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses between nerve endings and muscle cell tissue by enhancing the effect of GABA (4).

Available to an applicant information sources unknown to the mentioned set of existing features, allowing to obtain the technical result of the claimed invention meets the condition of patentability "novelty".

The applicant is not known products of similar purpose, which would be revealed distinctive features of the claimed invention with getting from using it in any combination of features specified technical result. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of patentability "inventive step".

Proof industry the military applicability of the claimed given in the following examples.

Example 1. The study acaricide and bozenai activity

The study acaricide and bozenai activity conducted in the laboratory of the Institute of helminthology them. Ceasaria according to the approved methodology (2).

Studies were performed on the grip taken on the day of the experience from infected animals, which were selected active netravmirovannymi mites. The selection was performed as follows: crusts and scabs were placed on paper towels and dark tangent movements preprofile needle, moistened with saline, counted and transferred ticks on napkins with acaricides.

Obviously prepared following the breeding bovinate in physiological solution: 1,0%; 0,5%; 0,25%; 0,12%; 0,06%; 0,03%; 0,015%. Application of acaricides started with the lowest concentration. On napkins with acaricidal transferred 20 ticks, then wipes were placed in Petri dishes and placed in a thermostat at a temperature of 27-28°C and humidity of 95%. Control mites were treated with saline.

With each concentration of experience were placed in five replications. Records of the results of acaricidal action of the preparation was carried out by observation under a microscope through 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 24, 36 and 72 hours assessment of the acaricidal activity of the preparation was carried out according to the state of mites after 24 hours (IC₅₀).

The study bocenago action of the preparation was carried out with the eggs on to the glasses and scabs. For this material, obtained from animals that were placed on the table with heating and waited for the scabs crawl all ticks. Then selected the crust, which was 25 eggs, and processed by acaricidal in the same dilutions and a control saline solution. Then brown was placed on a watch glass, edge of glass were smeared vaseline oil, then they were placed in Petri dishes.

Experimental and control Petri dishes with a watch glass was placed in a thermostat at a temperature of 31-32°C and humidity of 95%. Accounting hatching larvae were observed for 4 days. Level bocenago actions expressed in percent.

The results of the experiment indicate that bovine has a strong acaricidal action, but has no effect on eggs of ticks.

Example 2. To study the efficacy of treatment depending on the dose of the active substance

Picked up 49 foxes and 35 foxes, spontaneously infected tick O. cynotis and were divided into 7 groups so that each group had 7 foxes and 5 foxes. Animals of the first group bovine was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg of LW, once and each subsequent group was added to 0.05 mg/kg for FE in arithmetic progression. Control groups were administered the ivomec dose of 0.2 mg/kg for FE, Ducret the (sixth) and saline (seventh). All animals were kept under identical conditions, but in isolation in groups.

The effectiveness of the treatment of otodectes depending on the dose of the active substance is presented below in table 2.

Research results after treatment showed that the dose of 0.2 mg/kg for FE and above have provided 100%efficiency foxes and Arctic foxes. In the sixth group of animals was administered, the dose of ivomec, was obtained 100%efficiency. Animals of the seventh group extensiveness and intensity of infection remained at the same level. Based on the results for the optimal dose bovinate in spontaneous otodectes received 0.2 mg/kg for FE, which was the same as that of similar, but a significant advantage of bovinate was a one-time use.

Example 3. Study duration acaricide drug action

The study of residual acaricidal action in vitro was carried out on napkins soaked acaricidal in the following concentrations: 1,0%; 0,5%; 0,25%; 0,12%; 0,06%. Wipes all the time experience contained in a fume hood. Infusion of mites in the quantity of 20 copies of tissues was carried out for 28 days. Analysis was performed every 24 hours after the transfer.

Study duration acaricidal action in vivo studies were performed in the insulator fur farms. To do this, uninfected animals were injected subcutaneously bovine dose of 0.2 mg/kg in the far East and spent an infusion of mites in the ear in four weeks. Investigation of the presence of live or dead ticks spent the next day after the transfer.

The result was that the duration of acaricide action in vivo was equal to 21±2.5 days.

With the introduction of acaricides in the animal organism duration acaricidal action of the drug should be reduced due to the elimination of pre the Arata from the body and its inactivation. But in this case the duration of acaricide action in vivo is almost equal to the residual acaricidal action in vitro (table 3) and this is achieved through the use of the composition of bovinate solvent prolonged action.

Proceeding from the above it is clear that bovine you should use when otodectes fur-bearing animals once, because the development cycle of ticks exceeds the duration acaricidal action of the drug.

When calculating the economic efficiency of treatment of fur-bearing animals when otodectes came from the fact that the price of the bottle bovinate 100 ml was 460 rubles, the price of a bottle of ivomec 758 rubles.

The need of the proposed drug for the treatment of one animal per treatment amounted to 0.12 ml, and the processing cost per animal when otodectes - 0.6 rubles. When this two times decreased labor costs, as the drug is used only once. When using ivomec to double the processing flow of the drug amounted to 0.24 ml, and the cost of processing one animal - 3.64 ruble. The economic effect from the use of bovinate in per animal was 3.04 from ruble.

Thus, bovine in the recommended dose of 0.2 mg/kg of LW in a single application has a devastating effect on mite O. cynotis, the efficiency was 100%.

The proposed method is tested in 2005-2006 with Polo is sustained fashion results by foxes and Arctic foxes in the farms of the Moscow region.

The proposed method, including the use of ivermectin in combination with the solvent prolonged action, has a high acaricidal effect reduces the number of treatments, labour and material costs.

Sources of information

1. Davletshin A.N., Zhakupbaev N.H.

Sarkoptoidozy carnivores.

The age of three. All-Russian research Institute of veterinary entomology and arachnology, Ekaterinburg, 2000.

2. Guidelines for initial screening of new acaricides and comparative study of their activity against sarcoptid mites. Approved by the Department of veterinary medicine agricultural Sciences g. Moscow, 1982., p.1-11.

3. Safiullin GT and other

Bovine when parasitic diseases of pigs.

Veterinary medicine, No. 7., M., 2007., P.30-34.

4. William S. Campbell.

Ivermectin and abamectin.

New York, Berlin, Heidelberg, London, Paris, Tokio, p.1-25, 114-124.

A method of treating fur-bearing animals when otodectes, including the introduction of a therapeutic drug at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg weight of the animal, characterized in that as a therapeutic drug take bovine and injected it subcutaneously once.