Protective-hermetic manhole (versions)

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: first version is characterised by the fact that cover with sleeve is hingedly fixed on external side of coaming. Guides are fixed on lower side, in which rods are movably installed, every of which is hingedly joined to slider. Poppet sleeve is movably installed in each guide to interact with coaming, being hingedly attached to adjacent rod. On opposite sides of sleeve wall there are grooves arranged, in which rods are movably installed. Other versions specify various arrangement of manholes.

EFFECT: improved reliability of their operation under conditions of high sign-changing loads and simplification of their designs.

5 cl, 22 dwg

Technical solutions presented in this description, relate primarily to remedy facilities or shelters from the damaging effects of air pollution, in particular to the hatches, the main element of which is a cap with means of its locking in the opening of the hatch. Technical solutions can be used also in the field of construction as a means of closing the passages and communication mainly underground destination.

The prior art manhole cover, a top plate located underneath the lower locking plate associated with the plates screw plate, which plates are attracted to each other in the working position of the cover, the screw coupler is made hollow and is located in the hole of the base plate, with which it is rigidly connected, nut coupler is connected with the shut-off plate and installed in the hole of the locking plate can move in the axial direction of screwing of the screw and screwing with the screw, rotation around the screw and fixing in the hole of the locking plate in the off position of the screw rod, and the upper end nuts are made with the tool it is fixed against axial movement in the hole of the locking plate in the off position of the screw rod, and the lower part of the nut has a remedy under the key of turning the nut about the axis of the screed (EN 70905 U1, E02D 29/12, 20.02.2008).

izvestno closure of the hatch cover, containing fixed in the lid of the manhole base, rigidly secured on the yoke, levers, by means of rods pivotally connected to chassis nut, and a locking screw threaded part associated with running nut, locking device cover includes a rocker arm that is pivotally connected to chassis nut, traverse through the connecting fingers mounted levers, by means of a rod connected to the rocker arm, and the locking screw has a head under a special key (EN 60547 U1, E02D 29/14, 27.01.2007).

Known Luke for cable well, which contains a base installed on the neck of the cable well, on the grounds are the top and bottom covers, the latter equipped with a shut-off device, and the base of the hatch is equipped with means for rigid connection with the neck of the concrete well, and the bottom cover is installed with the possibility of rigid fixing of its position at the base and top and bottom covers are interconnected locking device (UA 9466 U, E02D 29/12, 15.09.2005).

Known inspection hatch well, including the support ring, the cover and locking device, and to improve the reliability of the locking hatch and improve traffic safety cover is made with a cylindrical bore located at its center, and provided with two located on the bottom surface of perpendi warno plane bearing cap tides through horizontal openings, and stops made in the form of hollow truncated cones with the guides on their side surfaces, and a horizontal thrust with integral strut and attached to the top spring-loaded vertical thrust through a hole in the lid, and stops the basis of a smaller diameter is attached to the tides, with the possibility of angular displacement in the plane of the tides, and the horizontal thrust is placed between the stops can be moved in the guides (SU 1392209 A1, E02D 29/14, 30.04.1988).

The prior art also hatch locking system comprising a lock with a liner, removable mounted in the housing of the cylindrical part, built into the floor, preventing access to the head, made in the form of a cylindrical operating axis, and shut the hatch system includes a latch formed by rods, which are mounted for movement in the respective grooves made in the base frame to ensure locking of the hatch cover is fixed to the frame by screws and is made with the possibility of skipping the locking key into the cylinder for rotation axis and moving the rods in position open or closed, and input or output them from the slots of the frame (FR 2892752 A1, E02D 29/14, 04.05.2007).

A device locking the hatch, containing mounted on a hatch drive, locking screws with cylinder special is the real key, running the nut and its associated adjustable length locking levers, and drive rigidly fixed two pairs of guide racks with a number of aligned holes, in which is mounted the adjustable depth of the locking yoke, locking screw with a smooth end is installed in the hub center hole of the bar, suspension nut, made in the form of a cross with covering her rocker on the side fingers, mounted on the threads of the locking screw, the locking levers mounted to rotate on axes, mounted on the ends of the bar, and with the possibility of contact with sliders attached to traverse the distance from its ends, with on some ends of the locking levers mounted adjustable along the length of the hooks in contact during locking with the walls of the well or the bottom surface of the base plate of the hatch, and the other ends by means of rods and axes are connected with a yoke drive nut (EN 2265698 C1, E02D 29/12, 2005.12.10).

Known manhole cover underground or aboveground utilities, which includes a cooker with external and internal surfaces, and the plate has a through axial hole and on the inner surface of the plate aligned with the aperture fixed the lock body, inside of which is a base plate with locking swivel sleeve, one end of which the side plates are made with prob is the possibility of interaction with swivel key, and to the opposite end of the rotary sleeve attached to the rotary plate, which is pivotally connected at least two guard posts, the body of which pass through the slot in the lock case is made with the possibility of reciprocation upon rotation of the rotary sleeve (UA 12017 U, E02D 29/14, wt 15.01.2006).

Known locking device of the hatch cover, consisting of a locking screw with a head under a special key and a running nut with the levers, and the device entered the disk attached to the hatch cover installed sleeve and three bracket with installed adjustable length levers, moving on an axis bracket, shut-off screw the top part is included in the socket cover, the lower part of the screw enters into the sleeve with the free rotation, and the locking screw is installed running nut with slots, in which are wound and fixed on the axes of the ends of the levers, in the upper part of the locking screw is made a groove in which the o-ring (RU 2188291 C2, E02D 29/12, 27.08.2002).

Known locking mechanism formed from the castle, locking plugs, springs, the gripper tick type, located along the inner surface of the bearing cover, and the lock is made in the form of a shoulder with a pair of rotary shafts, in addition, the castle, the gripper of the castle, and also the time of the spring are located in the device diagonally down when this locking plug includes a blocking portion, and the spool shaft is set vertically and is configured to move in the guide recess located near the rotary shaft (JP 2007327217 A, E02D 29/14, 20.12.2007).

In relation to the presented in this description of the technical solutions known technical solutions are of relatively complex construction, in the case of using each technology solution to create a series of hatches, characterized by tightness and security, responsible working conditions in high alternating loads from the effects of air shock waves, known hatches do not meet the requirements specified parameters in the difficult conditions of their work. These conditions, in particular, a sharp increase of the pressure of compressed air, compressing the hatch with its outer side, a sharp drop in this pressure and a drop in pressure before the formation of the vacuum in the outer environment, which leads to pulling loads that have manhole covers, latches and locking mechanisms.

The technical result of designs of protective airtight hatches is to increase the reliability of their work under high alternating loads by improving the tightness and security hatches. Another result is that technical solutions is to simplify their designs.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that Luke protective hermetic (the first option) contains the coaming, on the outer side of which is hinged cover seal, lower cover fixed glass, which is movably slide provided with a screw threaded in engagement with which is located and fixed in a glass screw on lid with its lower side fixed guides, which are adjustably mounted thrust, each of which is pivotally connected with the slide, with each guide movably installed the quill interacting with the coaming and pivotally connected with the adjacent thrust, and in the wall of the Cup at its opposite sides is made grooves in which are movably thrust.

Luke protective hermetic (the second option) contains the coaming, on the outer side of which is hinged cover seal, lower cover fixed glass, which is movably slide provided with a screw threaded in engagement with which is located and fixed in a glass screw on lid with its lower side fixed guides, which is movable with preload to the coaming mounted levers, each of which is pivotally connected with the slide, the wall of the Cup at its opposite sides, the grooves being, in which is movably located above the levers, a Cup at its lower end is made with a rigidly attached plate, which spring is connected with the levers, each of which has a stepped shape with a curved bottom stage, which is located in the adjacent guide groove and in contact with it its curved surface at the end of each rail with the lower side of the threaded hole in which is located an adjusting screw in contact with the curved surface of the lower stage, and the coaming includes plate and rigidly connected with it by the shell, the plate has on the outer side of the pyramidal in cross section annular ledge, with internal the inclined side which is in contact in the closed position, the annular end face of the cover.

Luke protective hermetic (third option), contains coaming, on the outer side of which is hinged cover seal, lower cover fixed glass, which is movably slide provided with a screw threaded in engagement with which is located and fixed in a glass screw on lid with its lower side fixed guides, which are adjustably mounted levers, each of which is pivotally connected with the slide, the wall of the Cup at its opposite sides, the grooves in to the x movably arranged levers, the glass on the lower side is made with a plate, which spring is connected with the levers, each of which has a stepped shape, at the end of each rail with the lower side of the threaded hole in which is located an adjusting screw in contact with the bottom surface of the lower stages of the lever, the surface of the lower stage of each lever is made straight, the end of each lever is made in the form of a truncated cone located with the possibility of preload to the coaming, the ring is fixed restrictors, and on the cover on brackets fastened the screws abutting against the plate coaming.

Luke protective hermetic (fourth edition) contains coaming, on the outer side of which is hinged cover seal, lower cover fixed glass, which is movably slide provided with a screw threaded in engagement with which is located and fixed in a glass screw on lid with its lower side fixed guides, which are adjustably mounted thrust, each of which is pivotally connected with the slide, the wall of the Cup at its opposite sides, the grooves in which are movably thrust, each rail movably installed the quill, which pivotally connected with the adjacent thrust, coaming and cover is made in view of the above in the form of a square, on the diagonal axes of which are the guides of the rod and the quill, the slide has a slot in which are located the ends of the rods, the cover is rigidly connected to the top sheet and the bottom sheet, between which is located a heater, to the lower plate attached to the stopper, which is pivotally connected with the lower cover sheet, and the hatch is equipped secured to the coaming under the cover of the node alarm in the casing having a shelf for supporting her stopper when the cover is open, the coaming on its outer outer contour has a beveled face down and at the specified path coaming has a cavity filled with insulation.

Luke protective hermetic (fifth version) contains coaming, on the outer side of which is hinged cover, the bottom cover fixed glass, which is movably slide provided with a screw threaded in engagement with which is located and fixed in a glass screw on lid with its lower side fixed guides, which are adjustably mounted thrust, each of which is pivotally connected with the slide, the wall of the Cup at its opposite sides, the grooves in which are movably thrust, each rod is made adjustable along the length of the two connected threaded sleeve parts, guide each thrust attached to the end of the floor is th stand, rigidly fixed on a round spherical cover, each part of the thrust pivotally connected to the support brackets, swivel cover with Comincom includes brackets, which in the top view bent toward the center of the hatch coaming in its cross-section is inclined toward the center of the hatch closed on the perimeter of the flat surface located in the plane of the cone, the vertex of which is located on the vertical Central axis of the hatch, accordingly, the location of the specified inclined surface is a closed end surface of the cap, closely adjacent to the said inclined flat surface of the coaming in the working position of the hatch, while coaming includes ring and rigidly attached to its underside shell, and a ring in cross section has the shape of a triangle with the downward slope of the outer surface.

Figure 1 shows the first variant of the hatch in cross section.

Figure 2 - the hatch in the open position.

Figure 3 is a view As in figure 1.

Figure 4 - loop in the section.

Figure 5 shows a second variant of the hatch.

Figure 6 - a view B figure 5.

Figure 7 - cross section b-b In Fig.6.

On Fig - cover in the open position.

Figure 9 shows a third variant of the hatch (first performance).

Figure 10 is the third version of the hatch (the second version).

Figure 11 - view of G on Fig.9.

On Fig shows the fourth the fifth variant of the hatch.

On Fig - type D on Fig (wheel removed).

On Fig - type E on Fig.

On Fig - section f-F in Fig.

On Fig - section And on Fig.

On Fig - section K-K in Fig.

On Fig - section L-L Fig.

On Fig - Luc with the lid open.

On Fig shows a fifth variant of the hatch.

On Fig - type M on Fig.

On Fig - arrangement of cover and coaming.

The first version of the hatch (1-4) contains coaming 1 (figure 1), which is a basic welded (or cast) frame, on the outside of the coaming fixed loop 2, whereby with the coaming pivotally connected flat cap 3. In the groove of the cover attached rubber seal 4, which is located between the cover and the coaming. On the underside of the cover 3 is fixed to the Cup 5, which is movably slider 6 having internal helical cutting (cutting not shown). In engagement with a screw threaded screw is the screw 7, one faceted shank 8 which is located on the outer side of the cover 3 outside, and the other cut the shank 9 of the screw is located outside of the Cup 5 with the lower side of the cover.

On the cover with its lower side fixed rails 10, in which is adjustably mounted thrust 11, each of which is pivotally connected with the slide 6 by the finger 12. In each rail 10 is installed movably to the support brackets 13, which is associated with interconnecting the thrust 10. This connection is made through a second finger 12, similar to the first mentioned finger.

On the coaming 1 fixed limit switch 14 (for performance hatch with electric). The switch 14 is located in the recess 15 of the coaming formed by a corner element 16, rigidly attached to the coaming with its lower side.

Coaming fixed in the wall 17 (2) of the hole or well 18 by means of tie rods 19 which are rigidly connected to the coaming. On the outer side of the cover 3 is fixed to the handle 20.

Loop 2 (figure 3) includes secured to the coaming 1 lugs 21 with holes in them and attached to the lid 3, the brackets 22 with holes. In the holes of the lugs and brackets are located on one axis 23 (Fig 3) if the design of the hatch there is no torsion, or two axes 23 (figure 4), which are interconnected by a torsion bar 24, including, for example, parallel spaced elastic plate, the ends of which are connected to the axles 23. The axis 23 (Fig 3) or the torsion bar 24 (figure 4) closed by a casing 25 (Fig 3). Axis 23 may be hollow and serve as bushings available to them in the ends of the torsion bar. In the wall of the Cup 5, on its opposite sides, the grooves 26 in which are movably thrust 11.

The second variant of the hatch (5-8) contains coaming 1 (figure 5)which are welded (or cast) of the support frame, the outer with the Auron of the coaming fixed loop 2, through the coaming pivotally connected convex outward cover 3. In the ring groove of the cover attached rubber seal 4, which is located between the cover and the coaming. On the underside of the cover 3 is fixed to the Cup 5, which is movably slider 6 having an inner threaded. In engagement with the screw thread of the slide 6 is screw 7, one faceted shank 8 which is located at the top of the cover 3, and the second faceted shank 9 is located in the inner contour of the coaming 3 with its lower side.

On the cover with its lower side fixed rails 10 or lugs, which are adjustably mounted levers 27. Each lever 27 one end pivotally connected with the slide 6 by the finger 12. The middle part of each lever 27 is connected with the glass, in particular with a lower, transversely located relative to the Cup 5, the plate 28, which is rigidly attached to the Cup 5. The connections between each lever 27 with a glass performed by means of the spring 29 so that the lever 27 is continuously drawn by a spring at the bottom side of the hatch.

In the wall of the Cup 5, on its opposite sides, the grooves 26 in which are movably left and right levers 27. Each arm has a stepped Crescent-shaped with the lower notch 30 having a lower curved downward curved surface, which contact is together with the adjusting screw guide 10. The stage 30 is located in the groove 31 of the guide 10.

Coaming 1 (Fig) fixed in the wall 17 of the hole or well 18. On the external side cover is fixed to the handle 20 (6). Coaming 1 includes a plate 32 (figure 5) and rigidly connected with it by a ring 33, which (in the working position of the hatch) attached anchors 34, located on the perimeter of the shell with its outer side.

At the end of each rail 10 with its lower side threaded hole in which is located an adjusting screw 35 in contact with the lower curved surface 36 of the lower step 30 of the lever 27. The curvature of the surface 36 may have a variable radius in the longitudinal direction of the lever 27.

Loop 2 (6) includes secured to the coaming 1 lugs 21, in which holes and secured to the cover 3, the brackets 22, which are also made holes. In the holes of the lugs and brackets are located on one axis 23 or two axis 23 (as shown in figure 4 of the first variant of the hatch), while in the case of two axes 23 are connected by a torsion bar 24, including, for example, parallel spaced elastic plate, the ends of which are connected to the axles 23. The axis 23 (or the torsion bar 24) is closed by a cover 25 (6).

The plate has on the outer side of the pyramidal in cross section annular ledge 37 (Fig), with the inner inclined side which is in contact in a closed position the AI annular end cap 3 (figure 5). The specified contact is made over the entire surface of the end cap due to the parallel arrangement of the end cap and the inclined sides of the annular ledge 37.

With faceted shank 9 of the screw 7 is connected to the yoke 38. On the top of the convex outer side of the cover 3 is pivotally associated plug 39, which closed the shank 8 and the upper part 40 of the Cup 5, the socket of the upper part 40 of the Cup 5 is a bearing in which is installed the upper end of the screw 7 with the possibility of its rotation around its own axis.

In addition to the above differences of the second version of the hatch from its first version in the second variant can be used two torsion bar 24 (Fig.7). In this case, the torsions 24 are laterally from the axis 23, and torsions 24 rigidly connected with the plate 32 of the coaming by clips 41, fixedly mounted on the plate 32. The connection plate 32 coaming with its cowling 33 hard rigidly connected with them by brackets 42 (figure 5).

The third variant of the hatch (Fig.9-11) includes two of its execution, each of which contains the basic elements of the second variant of the hatch and the major relationships between the elements of the second variant, the performances of the third variant, each lever 27 (Fig.9, 10) is made in the form of a truncated cone 42, the ring 33 is fixed restrictors 43, the holder 41 is screw 44 of the pilot is the first (11), lug 21 set screw 45 special. In other lug 21 has a latch 46 with the handle 47. Work element 48 of the latch is interoperable with bracket 22.

Both versions of the third variant (Fig.9, 10) are mounted on the cover 3 on the brackets 49 and bolts 50, rests on the plate 32 of the coaming.

Luc third option in each version is equipped with an electromagnetic lock 51 (11), which is installed in the cavity of the dome-shaped tetrahedral cover 3 on the Cup 5. Electromagnetic locks 51 in the first and second versions of the hatch have different designs, different operating principle, method of installation on the glass and dimensions. The dome cover 3 is made with ribs 52 rigidity. In the upper part 40 of the Cup 5 is made a recess 53 under the grease.

The fourth variant of the hatch (Fig-19) contains all the basic elements of previous versions and all the major relationships between the main elements of these options. In particular, a fourth variant of the hatch contains coaming 1 (Fig), which is a basic welded (or cast) frame, on the outside of the coaming fixed loop 2, whereby with the coaming pivotally connected flat cap 3. In deepening the covers are secured rubber seal 4, which is located between the cover and the coaming. On the underside of the cover 3 is fixed to the article the Kahn 5, in which is movably slider 6 having an inner threaded. In engagement with a screw threaded screw is the screw 7, one faceted shank 8 which is located on the outer side of the cover 3 outside, and the other cut the shank 9 of the screw is located outside of the Cup 5 with the lower side of the cover.

On the cover 3 (Fig) with its lower side fixed rails 10, in which is adjustably mounted thrust 11, each of which is pivotally connected with the slide 6 by the finger 12. In each rail 10 is installed movably to the support brackets 13, which is pivotally connected with the adjacent thrust 10. This hinge connection is made through another finger 12.

On the coaming 1 with the lower side of the fixed end of the switch 14 (for performance hatch with electric). The switch 14 is located in the recess 15 of the coaming 1. The recess is formed by a corner element 16 coaming and is rigidly attached thereto by the bolt 19, is made in this example of execution of the fourth version of the hatch in the form of channel welded frame, which is connected with the lower edge of the coaming.

Coaming fixed in the wall 17 (2) of the hole or well 18 through channels 19 which are rigidly connected by welding coaming. On the outer side of the cover 3 attached two handles 20. This hatch is large and is designed to protect against impact greatly the x loads.

Loop 2 (Fig) includes secured to the coaming 1 lugs 21 with holes in them and attached to the lid 3, the brackets 22 with holes. In the holes of the lugs and brackets fourth variant of the hatch may be located on one axis 23, as shown in figure 3, or two axis 23, as shown in figure 4, which are interconnected by a torsion bar 24, including, for example, parallel spaced elastic plate, the ends of which are connected to the axles 23. Preferably the hinge of the hatch in the fourth embodiment includes the axis 23 (Fig), which are made hollow in the form of sleeves. These hollow axis 23 are rigidly connected to the ends of the torsion bar 24. In this embodiment, can be also used two torsion, as shown in Fig.6 and 7.

In the wall of the Cup 5, on its opposite sides, the grooves 26 in which are movably thrust 11.

In addition to the above elements and links between them, which are common symptoms with signs of previous versions of the hatch, his fourth variant has from previous versions the following significant differences. Coaming 1 and the lid 3 are made in the top view square (Fig, 14), on the diagonal axes which are guides 10, 11 and thrust the quill 13 (Fig).

The upper part 40 of the Cup 5 is closed by a cover 54, faceted shank 8 of the screw 7 is located in the sleeve 55, which is saline is 56, at the end of the shank 8 is made of an axial hole for lubrication, communicated with the outlet, ensuring the passage of lubricant to screw a pair of screw-slide. The axial bore of the shank 8 is closed by a plug 57 having a hole and nipple, closing the opening between the cover 57 and the sleeve 55 is formed by the space under the grease.

For a smooth rotation of the rod 11 in the slide 6 has slots 58, the end surface of each of which is arranged along the radius of rotation of a body. Each channel of the guide 10 has in its lower part sloping downwards surface (not shown). Each stroke, the sleeve 13 is made with a bevel, coaming in the area of the bevel response has a beveled surface that interacts with the bevel of the quill. Response beveled surface is made on the bottom side of the fence, rigidly attached to the underside of the coaming. The latter has a cross section of a stepped shape.

The hatch is equipped with a node 59 alarm installed near the coaming under the cover 3. Node alarm 59 is connected by a cable 60 with the alarm system, rigidly mounted on the coaming and is closed by a casing 61 having a shelf 62 (Fig, 19).

Cover 3 (Fig) is rigidly connected to the top sheet 63 and the bottom sheet 64 between which is located a heater 65. To the lower plate 64 (Fig) attached stopper 66, which finger hinge 67 SV is associated with the bottom sheet 64 of the cover. When the lid is open (Fig) stopper 66 rests on shelf 62 in the event of an unforeseen turn the cover in the direction of the coaming. Last on its outer outer contour has a beveled face down 68 (Fig) and at the specified path coaming has a cavity filled with insulation 65. In the working position the lid has a handle 69 (Fig)installed on faceted shank 8 of the screw 7. Outside, the closed position of the lid handle with the shank removed and the shank is closed by a plug 57 (Fig).

On channel 19 (Fig, 18) fixed clamps 70, in which is located and fixed the cable 60. Cut the shank 9 of the screw 7 is fixed to the yoke 38. Upper and lower cover sheets are connected by corners 71 (Fig), located on the contour of the cover. The beveled surface of the coaming, which interacts with the bevel quill 13 formed on the bottom side of the fence, which is rigidly attached to the upper sheet of the coaming.

The fifth variant of the hatch (Fig-22) contains all the basic elements and basic relationships between these elements, which are outlined in the descriptions of previous versions. In particular, the fifth variant of the hatch contains coaming 1 (Fig), which is a basic welded (or cast) frame, on the outside of the coaming fixed loop 2, whereby with the coaming pivotally connected convex outwards to the cap 3. Luke has or may have a seal 4, which is located between the cover and the coaming. On the underside of the cover 3 is fixed to the Cup 5, which is movably slider 6 having an inner threaded. In engagement with a screw threaded screw is the screw 7, one faceted shank 8 which is located in the upper part 40 of the glass, and the other cut the shank 9 of the screw is located outside of the Cup 5 with the lower side of the cover.

On the cover with its lower side fixed rails 10, in which is adjustably mounted thrust 11. Each rod 11 pivotally connected with the slide 6 by the finger 12. In each rail 10 is installed movably to the support brackets 13, which is pivotally connected with the adjacent thrust 11. This connection is made via pin 12.

On the coaming 1 with its lower side fixed end switch 14 located in the recess 15 formed by a corner element 16, is rigidly attached to the ring 33 coaming with its lower side.

Fifth hatch variant differs from the other variants of the fact that its design introduced lanyards or threaded sleeve 73, through each of which are connected to the threaded ends of the parts 74 and 75 each thrust 11. Essentially each rod 1 is made adjustable in its length. Guide 10 each thrust mounted on a hollow rack rigidly mounted on the inner side of the hatch. Every part 4 11 thrust a finger 12 pivotally connected to the support brackets 13, having a beveled surface that interacts with a beveled surface of the stop 72 rigidly connected with the coaming 1. In addition, the fifth variant of the hatch in the top view has a round cover, brackets 22 which is specified curved toward the center of the hatch (Fig). This coaming in its cross-section is inclined toward the center of the hatch closed on the perimeter of the flat surface 76 (Fig)located in the plane of the cone, the vertex of which is located on the vertical Central axis 77 of the hatch. Accordingly, the location of the inclined flat surface 76 is closed end surface 78 of the cover 3 hatch, closely adjacent to the surface 76 of the coaming in the working position of the hatch.

Coaming 1 in the fifth embodiment, the hatch includes a ring 79 (Fig)having in cross section the shape of a triangle with one truncated peak, in the plane which is mentioned inclined flat surface 76. The ring 79 is attached shell 33 (Fig). The ring 79 is inclined down the outer surface 80. The hatch is secured to the Cup 5 electromagnetic lock 81, mounted pivotally on the outer side of the hinged cover cap 82 and secured to the coaming latch 83 (Fig).

Work first and fourth options on the same principle. When the rotation of the screw 7 to the right or to the left (1, 12) wheel 38 or ruletka the 69 slider 6 and rod 11 is moved in the Cup 5 up or down when this thrust 11 are rotated by the fingers 12 connecting the thrust 11 pinolene 13, and the quill from exposure to draughts are moved in the guide rails 10. Because the guides 10 are designed so that they allow the ends of the rod 11 to move down within the specified limits, then when closing the hatch pull and move the quill to the side of the screw 7 and the quill 13 are cut coaming, interact with the bottom surfaces of the grooves of the coaming and lock the cover 3 in the opening of the coaming. The fourth version of the hatch (Fig) the quill 13 interact with the lugs 72 of the coaming, in the first variant of the hatch (1) the quill interact with the bottom surfaces of the grooves of the coaming 1 as shown in the drawing.

Opening the hatch cover is in the reverse order, and if when closing the hatch torsion bar 24 loop 2 (4, 13) is twisted from the efforts of the legs of the operator, including the weight of the operator when opening the lid torsion bar spins, which facilitates opening the lid by hand.

Provided by the structures of the first and fourth variants of the hatch that upon closing the cover 3, the quill 13 in its end position affects the limit switch 14 (1, 15) and the signal that the cover is closed is supplied to the remote control.

Location faceted shank 8 and 9, respectively, within the well 18 and on the outer side of the cover 3 (Fi is .1) allows the locking cap from the inside of the shelter and with its outer side.

Located between the sheets cover the insulation of the fourth version of the hatch provides the possibility of long-term exposure of personnel to shelter in the cold season, while the hatch fourth variant has improved stability and reliability. Limit switches 14 of this hatch is installed in front of each quill 13 (Fig), and they give signals about finding each quill in the closed operating position to the node alarm 59, which gives a positive signal to the remote control about finding the hatch in position. If one of penola is not in working position, it means that the tightness of the hatch insufficient and the signal node security on the remote control is supplied negative.

The technical result, improving the reliability of hatches under high alternating loads and simplification of the structure, is achieved by eliminating the possibility of inadvertent movement of pinola when working hatch in cases permissible bending of the cover from the perception of external loads, as well as by reducing elements hatches. This increases the tightness and security hatches due to the design of the covers and their mounting in the opening of the coaming, with lids and fasteners designed for different operating conditions hatches, including the conditions for the compression cap and e is separated from the coaming.

The second and third options hatch work as follows. When the rotation of the screw 7 to the right or to the left (figure 5, 9) the wheel 38, the slider 6 and the levers 27 are moved in the slots 26 of the Cup 5 up or down, while the springs 29 are stretched and the levers 27 are rotated by the fingers 12. Because the guides 10 are designed so that they allow the ends of the levers to move up within the specified limits, then when closing the hatch lever 27 rotates in the direction shown, interact with the bottom surfaces of the grooves of the coaming (5, 9) and lock the cover 3 in the opening of the coaming 1.

Opening the hatch cover is in the reverse order, and if when closing the hatch torsion bar 24 loop 2 (7, 17) is twisted, then when opening the lid torsion bar spins, which facilitates opening the lid.

To ensure the uniformity of the pressing cover 3 to the coaming 1 before operating the hatch regulate the gaps in the slots 31 (5, 9) between the levers 27, the guide 10 and the bottom surface of the coaming, with which the contact lever 27. The adjustment is performed by screws 35.

In the second embodiment, the end face of the cover 3 when it is closed adjacent to the inclined side of the annular protrusion 37 of the coaming (5, 8), since in this embodiment the hatch leaf cover is thick.

In the third variant of the hatch (Fig.9) cover 3 adjacent to the protrusion 37 of the coaming ramkey (Fig.9), which is welded to a thin sheet of cover 3. Frame 84 has a beveled surface closely adjacent to the inclined side of the annular ledge 37.

This embodiment places the coupling caps 3 coaming 1 allows to make the hatches with their different resistance to environmental effects, which, on the one hand, meets the condition to improve the security, integrity and reliability hatches, and on the other hand provides the opportunity to simplify their design and weight reduction. In this case, the strength of the thin cover is enhanced by the ribs 52 of the rigidity of the cover (11). The use of adjustable swivel levers 27 allows you to create a large pressure forces on the cover from the wheel 38 and, consequently, allows to apply the hatches with great defensive ability and high reliability.

In the third variant of the hatch limiters 43 (Fig.9) limit movement of the levers in a vertical plane, and the electromagnetic lock 51 locks the hatch cover in its working position and supplies a positive signal on the control point that the lid is closed. To prevent rotation of the cover 3 with the handle 47 of the latch 6 enter the work element 48 of the retainer into the slot of the lever 22. This blocking can be done remotely.

When the allotted electromagnetic lock 51 on the opening cover 3 with its outer side in the following way. First open the cover 39, and then the handle head (not shown) is placed on faceted shank 8 and rotate the screw 7 in the appropriate direction. The arms 27 are rotated by the fingers 12 and out of engagement with the coaming 1. Divert towards the work element 48 of the lever 47. Then the handle 20 lift the cap 3. This torsions 24 spin up and facilitate lifting of the lid.

With insufficient force for the separation of the cover from the coaming rotate in the appropriate direction the bolts 50, which abuts the plate 32 of the coaming and tear from him the cover.

The fifth variant of the hatch is similar to the first variant of the hatch, while in the fifth embodiment, the hatch is secured synchronicity preload of pinola 13 (Fig) to the coaming 1 to ensure uniformity efforts preload cap 3 to the coaming around the perimeter and, accordingly, increase the tightness of the hatch. To ensure synchronous movement of pinola regulate their progress, which rotate in the corresponding side lanyards or threaded sleeve 73, bring or remove one from another part 74 and 75 rods 11, lengthen or shorten thrust 11 and, respectively, decrease or increase the speed of pinola 13. This regulated the gaps between pinolene and surfaces of the coaming, which contact the quill. Thus, the clearance regulation establish synchronicity of co is deystviya working surfaces of pinola with the working surfaces of the coaming, that assures proper tightness and security of the hatch. The specified adjustment is carried out as in plant and operating conditions.

In the fifth embodiment, the hatch it curved to the center of the levers 22 simplifies the design of the loop 2 of the hatch by reducing the length of these levers. Significant from the point of view of simplification of the design is the use of adjustable rod 11, whereby it is possible to manufacture large hatches with technological errors compensated by adjustment of the above gaps.

After closing the lid 3, it is locked by the electromagnetic lock 81 and the signal that the cover is closed, arrives at the control point. Then cover the outside is locked by the latch 83 (Fig), which blocks the lever 22 of the loop 2.

In this embodiment, the hatch it coaming almost set flush with the outer bearing surface of the opening structure in which is mounted the hatch, which increases its security and reliability. When this closed surface 78 of the end cap (Fig) when it is closed tightly pressed against the inclined surface 76 of the coaming 1. Due to the elasticity of the structural elements of the hatch above the surface of the work, together with periodic adjustment of the gap significantly increases the tightness of the contact surface 76 of the coaming with the surface 78 of the cover. About the remaining gaps are closed by the seal 4 (Fig). Opening the hatch cover 3 with its outer side is carried out as described in the second and third variants of the hatch.

The technical result, improving the reliability of hatches under high alternating loads and simplify the design, is achieved in the fifth embodiment, the hatch above design features, as well as due to the location of the locking mechanism cover in its internal hemispherical cavity. This design also prevents unintentional movement of pinola when working hatch in cases permissible bending the lid when the perception of a large external load.

In addition, in the fifth embodiment, the hatch due to the fact that the guides 10 are fixed on the hollow uprights 85 (Fig), rigidly attached to the cover 3 with its bottom side, managed to place traction 11 at a considerable distance from the lid 3, which in this embodiment, the hatch has a cross section of a hemispherical shape. Inside of the hemisphere cap managed to establish a mechanism for moving pinola 13 so that it is all located in the path of the shell 33 with the exception of the steering wheel 38. This enables the choice of the curvature of the hemisphere cap, which completely meets the condition of its resistance to external loads. However, on the other hand, this form of the cover together with evidence of whom novotneho decisions hatch fifth option made it possible to minimize the intensity of the hatch when the relative simplicity of its design.

Thus, all variants of protective germeticheskoj hatch presented in this description, provide the specified technical result, and they are a series or group hatches for use in conditions of varying degrees of defeat with the same technical result of the increasing reliability of hatches and simplify their design.

1. Luke protective hermetic, characterized in that it contains coaming, on the outer side of which is hinged cover seal, lower cover fixed glass, which is movably slide provided with a screw threaded in engagement with which is located and fixed in a glass screw on lid with its lower side fixed guides, which are adjustably mounted thrust, each of which is pivotally connected with the slide, with each guide movably installed the quill interacting with the coaming and pivotally connected with the adjacent thrust, and in the wall of glass on it opposite sides are made grooves in which are movably thrust.

2. Luke protective hermetic, characterized in that it contains coaming, on the outer side of which is hinged cover seal, lower cover fixed glass, which is movably slider with the propeller is Oh meats, in engagement with which is located and fixed in a glass screw on lid with its lower side fixed guides, which is movable with preload to the coaming mounted levers, each of which is pivotally connected with the slide, the wall of the Cup at its opposite sides is made grooves in which are movably these levers, the glass on the lower side is made with a rigidly attached plate, which spring is connected with the levers, each of which has a stepped shape with a curved bottom stage, which is located in the adjacent guide groove and in contact with it its curved surface in the end of each rail with the lower side of the threaded hole in which is located an adjusting screw in contact with the curved surface of the lower stage, and the coaming includes plate and rigidly connected with it by the shell, the plate has on the outer side of the pyramidal in cross-section of the annular protrusion, the inner inclined side which is in contact in the closed position, the annular end face of the cover.

3. Luke protective hermetic, characterized in that it contains coaming, on the outer side of which is hinged cover seal, lower cover fixed glass in which podi is but is a slide provided with a screw threaded, in engagement with which is located and fixed in a glass screw on lid with its lower side fixed guides, which are adjustably mounted levers, each of which is pivotally connected with the slide, the wall of the Cup at its opposite sides is made grooves in which are movably levers, a Cup at its lower end is made with a plate, which spring is connected with the levers, each of which has a stepped shape, at the end of each rail with the lower side of the threaded hole in which is located an adjusting screw in contact with the bottom surface of the lower stages of the lever, the surface the lower level of each lever is made straight, the end of each lever is made in the form of a truncated cone and located with the possibility of preload to the coaming, the ring is fixed restrictors, and on the cover on brackets fastened the screws abutting against the plate coaming.

4. Luke protective hermetic, characterized in that it contains coaming, on the outer side of which is hinged cover seal, lower cover fixed glass, which is movably slide provided with a screw threaded in engagement with which is located and fixed in a glass screw on lid with its bottom side C is defined guides, in which is adjustably mounted thrust, each of which is pivotally connected with the slide, the wall of the Cup at its opposite sides is made grooves in which are movably thrust, each rail movably installed the quill, which is pivotally connected with the adjacent thrust, coaming and cover is made in the top view in the form of a square, the diagonal axes of which are the guides of the rod and the quill, the slide has a slot in which are located the ends of the rods, the cover is rigidly connected to the top sheet and the bottom sheet, between which is located a heater, to the lower plate attached to the stopper, which articulated connected with the lower cover sheet, and the hatch is equipped secured to the coaming under the cover of the node alarm in the casing having a shelf for supporting her stopper when the cover is open, the coaming on its outer outer contour has a beveled face down, and at the specified path coaming has a cavity filled with insulation.

5. Luke protective hermetic, characterized in that it contains coaming, on the outer side of which is hinged cover, the bottom cover fixed glass, which is movably slide provided with a screw threaded in engagement with which is located and fixed in a glass screw on lid with its bottom side is s fixed guides, in which is adjustably mounted thrust, each of which is pivotally connected with the slide, the wall of the Cup at its opposite sides is made grooves in which are movably thrust, each rod is made adjustable along the length of the two connected to a threaded sleeve parts, guide each thrust attached to the end of the hollow rack rigidly mounted on a round spherical cover, each part of the thrust pivotally connected to the support brackets, swivel cover with coaming includes brackets, which in the top view bent toward the center of the hatch coaming in its cross-section is inclined toward the center of the hatch closed on the perimeter of the flat surface, located in the plane of the cone, the vertex of which is located on the vertical Central axis of the hatch, respectively, in such a location specified inclined surface is a closed end surface of the cap, closely adjacent to the said inclined flat surface of the coaming in the working position of the hatch, while coaming includes ring and rigidly attached to the underside of the shell, and a ring in cross section has the shape of a triangle with the downward slope of the outer surface.