Recycling of lead plates with active mass of used accumulators |
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IPC classes for russian patent Recycling of lead plates with active mass of used accumulators (RU 2326186):
Method of reprocessing of the spent lead storage batteries / 2298044
The invention is pertaining to the reprocessing of the spent lead storage batteries. The method provides for simultaneous dissolution of the non-destructed leaden plates with the active mass in the electrolyte and the electrochemical extraction of the lead. As the electrolyte use the solution of sodium hydrotartrate and the sodium hydroxide, and the electrochemical extraction of lead conduct at the current density of 5-15 mA/cm2. The process is ecologically pure, the used electrolyte is harmless, it contains the insoluble antimony, the passivation of the anodes in it is minimal, the practically complete utilization of the lead from the spent lead storage batteries is reached.
Lead electrolytic refining method / 2294984
Method of electrolytic refining of lead comprises steps of anode dissolution and cathode reduction of lead in aqueous solution of electrolyte; using as electrolyte aqueous nitrate solution of salts of lead and sodium containing, g/l: lead (in the form of Pb(No3)2), 220 - 250; NaNO3, 180 - 200; HNO3- ,(1.5 -2)10-3 (pH =4,5); carrying out electrolysis at electric current density 450 - 480 A/m2, temperature 20 -25°C, electrolyte circulation rate 45 - 50 l/min.
Method of processing of the waste lead storage batteries / 2245393
The invention is dealt with the methods of electrochemical productions, in particular with processing waste storage batteries. Then the electrolyzer is filled up with a solution 2М of sulphaminic acid and the unbroken leaden plates with an active mass are dipped into it for a day. Then they fix a cathode made out of a pure lead and the selected lead plates from the waste lead storage batteries are used in the capacity of an anode. Then the system is connected to a direct current source. Further the process of electrowinning of lead is conducted at simultaneous dissolution in it of unbroken leaden plates at the anode current density of 10-20 mA/cm2 with provision of an increase of productivity of the process at the expense of absence of the labor-consuming production operations. The sulphaminic electrolyte used in the process is harmless, whereas other electrolytes are toxic. Antimony does not dissolve in it and passivation of anodes in it is minimum. The method also ensures practically full utilization of lead from the waste lead storage batteries.
 Method of electrolytic refining of lead bismuthide / 2197565
The invention relates to electrolytic refining of metals and can be used in the metallurgical industry for cleaning of lead from bismuth
 Method for processing of lead - and sulphide-containing concentrates of gold (options) / 2196839
The invention relates to the metallurgy of noble metals, in particular to the extraction of high-purity gold from lead - and sulphide-containing concentrates, as well as the separation of alloys of gold with silver with obtaining metals
 The method of separation of bismuth from lead / 2049158
The invention relates to the metallurgy of bismuth in particular to a method of refining bismuth from lead and obtain the salts of bismuth
 The method of obtaining lead / 2048611
The invention relates to an electrical obtaining metals by electrolysis
 Method of separating mineral oxide mixture into individual components / 2324746
Invention is related to the field of chemical and hydrometallurgical technology and can be used for decomposition of silicate ores and utilisation of slags of metallurgical and coal industries. The method of separation of mineral oxide mixture into individual components includes the steps of hydrofluorination at a temperature of 150 - 200 °C by means of ammonium fluoride, sublimation separation of volatile fluorides at 350 - 400 °C, pyrohydrolysis, leaching of soluble fluorides from the fluorinated mass, ammonia precipitation of insoluble hydroxides, filtering separation, hydrochlorination at a temperature of 200 - 250 °C by means of ammonium chloride. The proposed invention allows separation of mineral raw stock into individual components, reuse of reagents being possible.
 Method of processing of highly pure aluminium alloys / 2323984
Method of shavings processing of highly pure aluminium alloys includes the preparation to melting of initial shavings, looks like the mix of different types of shavings, which were generated after saw cutting, rotary machining, template turning, made with following ratio: (2-4):(13-18):1, its processing in revolving perforated drum in the bath with water solution of cleanser with concentration 25-30 g/l with temperature 55-65°С during 7-10 min, sluice in running water with temperature 10-30°С during 1-2 min. with splash lubrication, the secondary sluice in running water during 3-4 min. in the other bath, and after in running condenser with temperature up to 90°С during.
Method for processing metallic waste materials of cast permanent magnet manufacture / 2323268
Method comprises steps of sorting waste materials by kinds of alloys; disintegrating waste material till predetermined size; treating them in tumbling drum for removing dirt, casting process pickup and impurities; melting waste materials in open induction furnace at using refining flux; casting melt to metallic ingot molds and performing chemical analysis of produced alloy; using refining flux containing 10 - 50 % of fired waste matters of grinding cast permanent magnets; before starting melting process, loading such flux onto bottom of crucible of melting furnace together with large lumps of waste material; after complete melting of charge realizing high-temperature treatment of melt at temperature 1650 - 1750°C; soaking at such temperature for 1 - 5 min.
 Method of processing of electronic and cable scrap / 2321462
Invention relates to dry processing of electronic and cable scrap and it can be widely used in processing of radioelectronic junk and game playing machines with separation of metals and sorting out plastics. Proposed method of processing of electronic and cable scrap consists of two stages of milling in impact mills, sieve sizing to get particles of +5 mm and -5 mm, directing +5 mm particles to second stage of milling, electrostatic separation with obtaining middlings in form of locked concretions. Then gravity separation of - 5 mm particles is carried out on concentration table and tailings, together with middlings from electrostatic separator, are directed to second stage to unlock middlings. All flow of milled and partially separated scrap is directed for magnetic separation, and nonmagnetic product, for electrostatic separation.
 Method of recovering mercury from exhausted acetylene hydrochlorination catalyst / 2320737
Method comprises supplied air-assisted combustion of catalyst followed by cooling of products to condense metallic mercury. Air supplied for combustion is supplemented with water steam in amounts 3-8%.
Gallium extraction method from waste products of process for electrolytic refining of aluminum / 2319757
Method comprises steps of disintegrating waste products and subjecting them to hydro-chemical treatment by alkali solution; before hydro-chemical treatment subjecting waste products to mechanical-chemical activation by impact action for achieving particle size no more than 1 mm. Method allows increase gallium extraction degree to solution till 97 - 98 %.
Method for electrochemically processing of rhenium or molybdenum metallic waste material / 2318919
Method comprises steps of processing waste material of rhenium or molybdenum in ammonia electrolytes while using waste material as electrode onto which alternating electric current of commercial frequency is applied. At processing operation small plates of tantalum or niobium are used as second electrode.
Metal-containing additive producing method for metal alloying / 2318885
Method for producing metal containing additive comprises steps of mixing copper melting slag with ammonium bifluoride in quantity consisting of 100 -120% of stoichiometric quantity and necessary for interaction with silicon oxide and metal sulfides present in said slag; heating charge till temperature 400-500°C and soaking it at such temperature until complete separation of silicon and sulfur in the form of volatile ammonium hexafluorosilicate and hydrogen sulfide.
 Method of removal of chlorine and fluorine from dust-like zinc-containing materials / 2317344
Proposed method includes calcination of materials for obtaining chlorine- and fluorine-containing sublimates followed by leaching-out which is conducted in sulfuric acid solution at separation of solid from solution. Then, solution is cleaned from chlorine step by step by sedimentation with the aid of univalent copper and from fluorine by sedimentation with the aid of lime, thus obtaining fluorine-containing lime cake which is dried to moisture content of 20-30% and is subjected to Waelz process treatment at extraction of zinc into Waelz oxide and conversion of fluorine and calcium into waste clinker.
Method for removing chlorine and fluorine from dust-like zinc -containing materials of lead-zinc production / 2316607
Method for removing chlorine and fluorine form dust like zinc-containing materials of lead-zinc production comprises steps of baking materials for producing secondary chlorine- and fluorine-containing sublimates; their further two-stage water-soda washing at temperature 70 - 90°C. Chlorine and fluorine are washed with use of aqueous solution containing sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate at their concentration in initial solution of each stage, respectively 67 - 72 g/l and 8 - 13 g/l.
Method for reprocessing of junks of magnesium containing based-based alloys / 2244027
Claimed method includes junk charge into premelted flux at ratio of 1:(5-10); heating up to melt temperature; smelting under flux layer, and separation of metal from flux. Equimolar mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride with addition of 2.9-52.6 % (in respect to total flux weight) magnesium fluoride is used as flux, and in melting process flux layer with thickness of 4.5-20 cm is maintained. Method affords the ability to conserve original composition and eliminate additional burdening with magnesium.
 Method of depleting slags from smelting of oxidized nickel ores / 2244028
Claimed method comprises combining slags using extraction principle with number of extractions n approaching infinity. Depleting agent efficient in presence of reducing agent is selected from materials enriched with pyrite, pyrrotine, calcium sulfide, and calcium sulfate; metal and alloys mainly containing Si, Al, Fe, C, etc. as well as reducing and sulfidizing complexes consisting of sulfides, oxides, and reducing substances (C, Me). Carbonaceous reducers, utilized individually or in mixture, are any known carbonaceous reducers. Degree of metal Me recovery is in accordance with conventional extraction equation.
Method for reprocessing of lead cakes / 2244758
Claimed method includes heat treatment of lead cake with flux followed by smelting wherein before heat treatment mixture of lead cake, calcium hydroxide, and clinker from lead cake milling is balled to produce pellets. Pellets have fineness preferably of 30-100 mm. Method of present invention affords the ability to increase total coefficient of lead recovery by 3.1 %.
Method for platinum metal recovery from secondary raw materials / 2244759
Invention relates to method for acid leaching of platinum method from secondary raw materials, in particular from ceramic support coated with platinum metal film. Target metals are leached with mixture of hydrochloric acid and alkali hypochlorite at mass ratio of OCl-/HCL = 0.22-0.25 and redox potential of 1350-1420 mV.
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FIELD: electro-chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention is related to the sphere of electro-chemical industries and is the method of recycling of lead plates with active mass of used accumulators. Method includes electrochemical dissolution of lead in electrolyte solution and it extraction from electrolyte. As electrolyte, solution of acetic acid is used with additives of nitric acid. Electrochemical dissolution is performed until dissolved lead concentration in electrolyte solution reaches 350-450 g/l, then the solution is separated from the insoluble residue, and the lead is extracted from the solution as end product - tribasic lead sulfate by settling with concentrated sulfuric acid. After depositing of lead, electrolyte is again sent for dissolution of lead plates. EFFECT: provides ecological safety of process by means of using non-toxic components, high capacity and wastelessness of technology. 1 ex
The technical FIELD The invention relates to a method for electrochemical production, in particular to the processing of worn-out lead acid batteries. The LEVEL of TECHNOLOGY The number of known processing methods lead acid batteries for their partial or final disposal: 1. The method comprising processing the pre-shredded scrap lead acid batteries by melting it in a crucible furnace in the presence of fluxes of alkali metal salts, recovering at 600-700°and separate discharge of the product (Application for invention No. 95114825 27.07.1997). The disadvantage of this method is the necessity of using high temperatures and the use of flux. 2. Method of processing waste batteries, which consists in dividing the melt in the container with a perforated bottom and trap. In this way we obtain a metal lead, free from antimony (Patent of Russian Federation №2146298, 10.03.2000). The disadvantage of this method is the necessity of using non-standard equipment, as well as a large number of unusable residue. 3. Method for processing waste lead-acid batteries, including the opening of the battery compartment of the electrolyte with subsequent fusion with getting black the new lead-antimonic alloy and refining (Application for invention No. 98104676, 20.04.1999). The disadvantage of this method is a multi-stage, high temperature, gas emissions. 4. The method of processing of lead battery scrap, based on hydroprobe shredded scrap, followed by separation of metallic and oxide-sulfate fraction with further electroplasma these fractions (Patent of Russian Federation №2164537, 27.03.2001). The disadvantages of this method are the multistage and the formation of large quantities of liquid wastes containing lead compounds and require additional cleanup. 5. Method for processing waste lead-acid batteries, which consists in the fact that the batteries remove the electrolyte and then subjected to metallurgical processing, including the melting of obtaining lead-antimony alloy with subsequent refining at a temperature not higher than 1050°With (Patent of the Russian Federation 2125106, 20.01.1999). The disadvantages of this method are multi-stage, the use of high temperatures and complex technological equipment. 6. Method for processing of spent lead acid batteries, which consists in electrochemical processing of intact lead plates in the environment of sulfamic acid and subsequent selection of metallic lead on the cathode (Patent of Russian Federation №2245393, 27.01.2005). The closest in technical essence to publish the author of the invention and adopted for the prototype is the patent of Russian Federation №2245393 27.01.2005 "Method for processing of spent lead acid batteries". The disadvantages of this method are the use of expensive sulfamic electrolyte, the duration of the process. DISCLOSURE of INVENTIONS A goal that can be achieved by the invention is: 1. To ecological environmental protection, which is determined by the output of the natural circulation of lead compounds. 2. Obtaining on the basis of a valuable chemical product - trehosnovnogo sulphate of lead, which is the stabilizer of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The technical result is achieved by the fact that used as the anode lead plate from waste batteries and contains the active sulphate-oxide mass is placed in an electrolytic cell containing an aqueous solution of acetic acid with addition of nitric acid, where the transmission of DC occurs electrochemical dissolution of the metal lead to the concentration of 350-450 g/l in the electrolyte solution with the subsequent deposition of the electrolyte of a lead-sulfuric acid trehosnovnoy sulfate salt, its allocation. This salt can be used as a stabilizer PV is followed by a return of the electrolyte in the beginning of the process. As the cathode is used graphite electrode. The anode space is separated from the cathode by a semi-permeable membrane. Other technical result of the invention is the possibility of obtaining soluble lead compounds, which are valuable starting products for the paint industry, as well as the production of crystal glass industry enterprises. In contrast to the known method of dissolution of plates in the cell with the use of sulfamic acid and the release of metallic lead on the cathode in the present invention, the lead is released into solution in the form of lead acetate salt, followed by its translation and the selection of the solution in the form trehosnovnogo sulfate of lead and return the electrolyte to the beginning of the process. The IMPLEMENTATION of the INVENTION Example In an electrolytic cell equipped with a semi-permeable membrane and having a graphite cathode, pour the electrolyte consisting of acetic acid, the concentration of 100-120 g/l with the addition of 5% nitric acid. As anodes used lead plates with the active mass. The electrodes receive a DC voltage. When applying a constant current density of 35-45 mA/sq.cm at the anode at room temperature, the dissolution of the metal lead and the active mass. As the dissolution of lead p is Astin and active mass and achieve a concentration in solution of lead acetate 350-450 g/l solution is separated by filtration from the insoluble residue, precipitated dissolved lead with a calculated amount of concentrated sulfuric acid density is 1.82-1.84 g/CC in the form of trehosnovnogo sulphate of lead. The latter is separated by filtration, acetate and the solution is again sent to the electrochemical dissolution of the battery plates. In this way almost complete utilization of lead. Generally, the reaction occurring in the cell: At the anode: RV-2E=PB+2 Solution: VBOs+2CH3COOH=PB(CH3Soo)2 At the cathode: 2H++2E=H2 PB+4HNO3=PB(NO3)2+2NO2+2H2About The proposed method differs from the known prototype that: 1. As the electrolyte instead of sulfamic acid is used inexpensive and non-toxic acetic acid. 2. The lead from the solution stands out by chemical means in the form of trehosnovnogo sulfate of lead and return the electrolyte to the beginning of the process. Flowing the reaction is described by the formula RV(CH3Soo)2+3H2O+H2SO4-RO·RV SO4+SN3COOH. The objective of the invention is: 1. Environmental protection; 2. Waste lead acid batteries; 3. Getting the most valuable component trehosnovnogo sulphate of lead, which is the stabilizer when the product is as polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Described is a method of processing waste lead acid batteries with the aim of obtaining trehosnovnogo sulphate of lead stabilizer PVC has a number of advantages compared to existing methods of recycling of lead batteries: 1. Environmental friendliness of the process is the lack of dust emission; 2. The room temperature of the process; 3. Use non-toxic and inexpensive electrolyte components; 4. Regeneration of the electrolyte; 5. Waste-free technology. In addition, this method allows to obtain soluble salts of lead with their subsequent use in paint and glass industries. Method for processing of lead plates with an active mass of waste batteries, including electrochemical dissolution of lead in the electrolyte solution and its secretion, characterized in that the electrolyte used is a solution of acetic acid with the addition of nitric acid, electrochemical dissolution lead to concentration of dissolved lead in the electrolyte solution 350-450 g/l, separating the solution from the insoluble residue and extracted from him the lead in a commercial product - trehosnovnogo of lead sulfate by precipitation with concentrated sulfuric acid.
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