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Method for motor road and aerodrome base construction

IPC classes for russian patent Method for motor road and aerodrome base construction (RU 2317364):

E01C7/18 - of road-metal and bituminous binders

E01C3 - Structure of roads, playgrounds, sports grounds, airfields

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Method of gravel and/or earth road reconstruction with the use of loosening head and emulsified bitumen involves researching road to be reconstructed to determine if it is suitable for paving stabilization with the use of emulsified bitumen. Road research method involves measuring road traffic volume, earth type, strength and thickness of rock road base; determining thickness of load-bearing layer to be stabilized with the use of emulsified bitumen to provide predetermined road traffic volume; taking boring samples from paving; analyzing the taken boring samples; determining gravel or earth compatibility with emulsified bitumen; calculating emulsified bitumen volume compatible with road paving material and providing necessary strength. Then loosening head is activated to loosen upper gravel or earth layer during head movement along the road. Emulsified bitumen is injected in loosened road paving and mixed with loosened paving material to obtain gravel or earth stabilized by emulsified bitumen.

FIELD: construction, particularly road paving.

SUBSTANCE: method involves in-situ preparing crushed-stone based mix; laying the mix on ground or drain layer in one or several layers; moistening the mix; impregnating thereof with emulsified asphalt and compacting the base. The crushed-stone based mix includes blast-furnace slag in amount of 30% by weight and steel slag in amount of 70% by weight or only blast-furnace slag. Before base compaction bitumen-mineral emulsion including liquid phase, namely potassium carbonates or sodium carbonates in amount of 1-10 l/m² is added in slag-and-crushed-stone mix. The emulsion is poured over the mix and mixed thereto along with following mechanoactivation of obtained composition with medium-heavy and heavy road-rollers. Base is compacted with ramming road-roller.

EFFECT: increased strength and uniformly-distributed road paving stability during operation thereof, possibility of base structurization with time.

1 cl, 1 ex, 3 dwg

The invention relates to the field of construction, namely the method of the road surface.

From the patent literature known way of device foundations of roads, including the following operations: preparation of the soil, the delivery on the roads and the introduction of granulated blast furnace slag crushing of the soil and mixing it with the slag, the introduction of lime-slag binder and mixing it with lakegrove mixture, moistening the mixture to the optimum moisture content, layout and seal it (see A.S. USSR №576297, IPC SW 19/00, AS 7/18, bull. No. 38, 1977).

The disadvantages of the method are technological complexity and insufficient durability of the pavement.

The known device technology base and coating of crushed stone, gravel and sand mixtures, processed organic binders mixing on the road (see SNiP 3.06.03-85 p.49). The way the device bases for roads(streets) and airfields includes the preparation of a mixture of crushed stone mix on the road, for example, using a grader, layout it in one and/or two layers on the soil or drainage layer, moisture (humidity crushed stone and gravel, processed emulsion is not less than 5%), impregnation with bitumen emulsion, for example, the brand EBA-3, ABC-3), and seal the base rollers weighing 6-8 tons, 3-5 passages is on the same track. The disadvantages of this method are the lack of increase in strength in time for road base 1 category. As you know, traditionally, the base is arranged from natural (limestone, dolomite) crushed stone. Endothermic reaction occurring from solar energy, softens the bitumen film in the intergranular space, where asphalt coating becomes megaplasmids structure with a significant decrease of the elastic modulus. In the bearing capacity of the coating decreases and corresponds only to the radius of the print wheels of the transport.

When this vehicle dynamic loads through the weakened floor are treated crushed stone base, where the disintegration of fractional gravel turns into a stone detail and powder, perceiving a significant amount of water (process water thermal regime), because of ice formation destroys the structure is not only the Foundation, but also deforms the coating with the formation of microtrain.

The objective of the invention is to develop a method of road base with fatigue strength, low dynamic flow and deformation resistance.

The technical result is robust, structure-in-time basis, with high and uniform stability of the roadway is the process of operation. The result of solving the aforementioned problem is to improve the speed dial the strength of the substrate in the first month of hardening and long-lasting increase in the strength of the substrate over time.

The problem is solved by the characteristics specified in the claims, in common with the prototype, such as the way the device bases for roads and airfields, comprising preparing a mixture of crushed stone mix on the road, the layout it in one or two layers on the soil or drainage layer, wetting, impregnation with bitumen emulsion and compaction of the base, and a distinctive, essential features, such as use slamdancing mixture containing blast furnace slag 30 wt.% and 70 wt.% steelmaking slag or 70 wt.% blast furnace slag and 30 wt.% steelmaking slag, or when the content of 100 wt.% blast-furnace slag, and before the seal base in slamdancing mixture is injected bitumen-mineral emulsion containing liquid phase carbonates of potassium or sodium in the amount of 1-10 l/m²for example, the method of the spill, mix with subsequent mechanical activation of the mixture sequentially medium and heavy rollers and compaction of the base produced by the compacting roller.

A new operation of mechanical activation in the method is carried out according to the formula of the invention consistently environments which they and heavy rollers, and the seal base - compacting roller. Subsequent mechanical activation of the Foundation is carried out by the vehicle during operation of the road.

Below is a causal relationship between the distinctive features of the invention and achievable technical result:

- use way slamdancing with a mixture of blast furnace slag 30-70 wt.%, 70-30 wt.% steelmaking slag content of 100 wt.% blast furnace slag can improve the bearing capacity of foundations;

- use for impregnation of a mixture of bitumen and mineral emulsion containing liquid phase - carbonates of potassium and sodium in the amount of 1-10 l/m²for example, the method of the spill gives you the ability to activate the slag powder for hydration hardening of the base,

if you take bituminous mineral emulsion is less than 1 l/m²not achieving the desired activation of the mixture and the desired curing properties. If you take bituminous mineral emulsion more than 10 l/m²,there is too much liquid phase, negatively affecting the process of hardening of the base in time. If the liquid phase has an acidity of less than 7, the mixture prevails cationic and anionic component of the emulsifier, i.e. will not be created conditions for activation hardening base;

- introduction to process new transactions - mechanoactivated is, this is a new way of intensification of physical and chemical processes in the mixture. It is based on the change of the reactivity of solids under the action of mechanical forces. Activation by grinding is widely used in the production of phosphate, used to improve soil fertility, has found application in the production of silicalite - new construction material. In road and airfield construction mechanical activation is proposed for the first time.

The above distinctive features, each separately and all together, are aimed at solving the problem and are significant. The use of the proposed combination of essential distinctive features in the prior art was not found, therefore the proposed solution meets the patentability criteria of "novelty".

One set of new essential features of a General known provides a solution to the problem is not obvious to a person skilled in the art and demonstrates compliance of the claimed technical solution to the patentability criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by description of a specific but not limiting example of implementation.

Example.

Preparation of mixes can be ka is in stationary mixers type (less efficient way), and directly on the road surface technology, including the following operations: preparation of mixture of crushed stone mix on the road (for example, a grader, depending on the volume of mixed materials), layout it in one and/or two layers on the soil or drainage layer, moisture (humidity not less than 5%), impregnation with bitumen emulsion and seal the base.

Use slamdancing mixture containing blast furnace slag 30 wt.%. and 70 wt.% steelmaking slag(figure 3) or with the content of blast furnace slag 70 wt.%. and 30 wt.% steelmaking slag (figure 2), or with the content of blast furnace slag 100 wt.%. (figure 1).

Before the seal base in slamdancing mixture is injected bitumen-mineral emulsion containing liquid phase with a cationic emulsifiers (for example, potassium carbonate or sodium silicate, and not silicate salts of weak acids and others) with a pH of 10 in the amount of 8 l/m²for example, the method of the spill, mix with subsequent mechanical activation of the mixture on the 1st stage sequentially medium and heavy rollers (mass 8-10 tons), and the seal base - compacting roller (weighing over 10 tons), at the 2nd stage during the operation of vehicles.

Examples of the composition of the mixes are shown in figures 1, 2, 3. The graph shows the technical result from the use of the invention. In figure 1, 2, 3 is provided to change the structural properties of pavement depending on the type of rubble and service life of the roadway. From curves 1 graphs it follows that the bearing capacity of the pavement with a basis of crushed blast furnace slag has a structural trend. With increasing life strength properties increase to 7 MPa.

With a decrease in the blend quantity of the crushed blast-furnace production strength properties of the pavement decreases and correspond to figure 2 - 5 MPa, and figure 3 - 4 MPa. Reasons (1, 2) made of natural stone materials (limestone, gravel), carrying capacity (curves graph 2) regulatory responsibility only within 15 years. In subsequent periods of service of bearing capacity of Foundation and decreases according to the criteria of strength and modulus of elasticity Er respond to only 30% of the normative.

Figure 3 curve 2 the basis is the rubble of steel inactive toxins, where the lines of the graph indicate that load-carrying capacity is maintained at the level of normative with a slight decline after 20 years of operation. As grinding slag aggregates transport under dynamic loads, slag powder in combination with emulsifiers in the solution acquires the properties of binder hydration hardening, transforming the basis of a loose structure in semi-rigid or rigid plate.

Receiving mechanical activation - grinding slag active crushed stone is ri laying Foundation and under floor transport dynamic loads eliminates the grinding slag aggregates, saves fuel costs, electricity, transport and human resources.

The prototype bearing capacity of the base 60 kg/cm²and the proposed method is 75-80 kg/cm².

The above examples confirm the implementation of the use of the invention as described in the claims.

The way the device bases for roads and airfields, comprising preparing a mixture of crushed stone mix on the road, the layout it in one or two layers on the soil or drainage layer, wetting, impregnation with bitumen emulsion and compaction of the base, characterized in that use slamdancing mixture containing blast furnace slag 30 wt.% and 70 wt.% steelmaking slag, or 70 wt.% blast furnace slag and 30 wt.% steelmaking slag, or when the content of 100 wt.% blast-furnace slag, and before the seal base in slamdancing mixture is injected bitumen-mineral emulsion containing liquid phase - carbonates of potassium or sodium in the amount of 1-10 l/m²for example the method of the spill, mix with subsequent mechanical activation of the mixture sequentially medium and heavy rollers and compaction of the base produced by the compacting roller.