Method for catalytic oxidation in vapor phase and method for preparing (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method for catalytic oxidation in vapor phase and method for preparing (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid (RU 2309936):
                                                                                                                                        
 Multitubular reactor, the method of the catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase with usage of the multitubular reactor, and the method of the multitubular reactor start-up / 2309794
The invention provides, that the multitubular reactor consists of the set of the reaction tubes containing the placed in them catalyst, and the housing supplied with the reaction tubes located inside it, in which the heat-carrier passing in the inter-tubular space is introduced. The reaction tubes are selected from the tubes having the equal nominal outer diameter and the wall thickness. The tolerance of the outer diameter is selected from ±0.62 % and the tolerance of the wall thickness - from ±19 % up to -0 %. The tolerance of the outer diameter - from ±0,56 % and the tolerance of the wall thickness - from ±17 % up to -0 %. The method of the catalytic oxidation in the vapor-phase consists in the usage of the multitubular reactor, circulation of the heat carrier in the reaction tubes inter-tube space and feeding of the source gas into the reaction tubes filled with the catalyst, for production of the gaseous product of the reaction, including the determination of the performance specification on the catalyst packing into the reactionary tubes. The multitubular reactor additionally includes the deflectors connected with the reaction tubes through the positions of the joints, for the change of the directions of the passage of the heat-carrier medium introduced into the housing. It is possible to use the heat-exchange reactor with the immovable layer of the catalytic agent additionally containing the set of the reaction tubes, in the inter-tube space of which the heat carrier is passing. The specification is determined by means of provision in one of the reaction tube of at least two catalytic layers with the different specifications of packaging of the catalyst and the change of the lengths of the reaction zones of the reaction tube for relocation of the places of the maximal temperatures of the catalytic layer along the reaction tube or formation of the layer containing the thinning agent in the reaction tube disposed in the places of the joints for determination of the specification on the catalyst packaging to provide the control of the reaction temperature in the places of joints. The version of realization the method of the catalytic oxidation use oxidation of propylene, propane or isobutylene and-or (metha) acrolein by the catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase with the help of the gas containing the molecular oxygen, for production of the (metha)acrolein and-or the(metha)acrylic acid including the packaging of the Mo-Bi catalyst and-or Sb-Mo catalyst in the reaction tubes so, that activity is increasing from the inlet of the process gas into the reaction tubes up to the outlet of the process gas from the reaction tubes and ensures the possibility for the heat-transfer medium and the process gas to pass through as the counter current. The multitubular reactor used in the method contains: the cylindrical housing, the set of the annular tubes, the circulation device, the set of the reaction tubes limited by the set of the of tube plates of the reactor and containing the catalyst, and the set of the deflectors. According to the method of the start-up of the shell-and-tube reactor having the circulating system of the heat-exchange medium, which is the solid substance at the room temperature, the heating of reaction tubes takes place by introduction of the gas with the temperature from 100 up to 400°С into the inter-tube space of the reaction tubes and circulation of the heated heat carrier. The shell-and-tube reactor has the reaction tubes and the inlet and the outlet for the liquid passing in the inter-tube space of the reaction tubes for withdrawal of the heat formed inside the reaction tubes. Due to the method of the catalytic oxidation the invention ensures prevention of formation of the local overheating and the clogging of the reaction tubes, the increased outlet of the gaseous product of the reaction and the increased service life of the catalyst and also the stable operation of the multi-tube reactor for the long time.
 Method for preparing acrolein and/or acrylic acid / 2285690
Invention relates to a method for synthesis of acrolein and/or acrylic acid from propane and/or propene. Method involves the following steps: (a) isolating propane and/or propene from gaseous mixture A containing propane and/or propene by their absorption with adsorbent; (b) isolating propane and/or propene from adsorbent to form gas B containing propane and/or propene, and (c) using gas B obtained in stage (b) for oxidation of propane and/or propene to acrolein and/or acrylic acid wherein the heterogeneous catalytic dehydrogenation of propane without feeding oxygen is not carried out. Method shows economy and maximal exploitation period of used catalyst without its regeneration.
 Method for production of (meth)acrolein and (meth)acrlic acid compounds / 2279424
Claimed method includes feeding of raw gas mixture through pipeline from raw material mixer into oxidation reactor and catalytic oxidation of raw mixture in vapor phase to produce (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid. Said pipeline is heated and/or maintained in heated state and temperature of gas mixture fed into oxidation reactor is by 5-250C higher then condensation temperature of raw gas mixture.
 Method for preparing acrylic acid / 2258061
Invention relates to the improved method for preparing acrylic acid and selective oxidation of propylene to acrolein. Method involves carrying out reaction of propylene with oxygen in the first zone reaction with the first catalyst corresponding to the following formula: AaBbCcCadFeeBifMo12Ox wherein A means Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs and their mixtures also; B means Mg, Sr, Mn, Ni, Co and Zn and their mixtures also; C means Ce, Cr, Al, Sb, P, Ge, Sn, Cu, V and W and their mixtures also wherein a = 0.01-1.0; b and e = 1.0-10; c = 0-5.0 but preferably 0.05-5.0; d and f = 0.05-5.0; x represents a number determined by valence of other presenting elements. Reaction is carried out at enhanced temperature providing preparing acrylic acid and acrolein and the following addition of acrolein from the first reaction zone to the second reaction zone containing the second catalyst used for conversion of acrolein to acrylic acid. Method provides high conversion of propylene to acrylic acid and acrolein.
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 -unsaturated aldehydes, method thereof and method of producing acrolein" target="_blank"> ,-unsaturated aldehydes, method thereof and method of producing acrolein" align="left" vspace="30" hspace="30" /> Catalyst to obtain ,-unsaturated aldehydes, method thereof and method of producing acrolein / 2135280
The invention relates to catalysts containing media, which caused the active phase on the basis of, in particular, molybdenum, Nickel, cobalt, bismuth, iron promoted with phosphorus and at least one alkali metal
 Vapor-phase catalytic oxidation process / 2295383
Invention relates to a process of catalytic oxidation in vapor phase, which prevents emergence of non-controllable reaction and premature poisoning of catalyst in (meth)acrylic acid synthesis. Vapor-phase catalytic oxidation process, wherein feed gas is supplied for oxidation to reaction tubes of multi-tubular reactor provided with multiple, disposed in reactor shell, reaction tubes filled with catalyst and multiple deflectors serving to modify direction of heat-carrier stream introduced into reactor shell. Temperature is measured in catalyst, which is placed in a reaction tube and is not connected with at least one deflector, as well as temperature in catalyst, which is placed in a reaction tube and is connected with all deflectors.
 The method of partial oxidation of lower hydrocarbons in the electric discharge and the device for its implementation / 2088565
The invention relates to the field of petrochemical and oil-refining industry and can be used on oil - and gas-fields for the disposal and processing of natural gas, products of incomplete combustion of coal and waste
Multitubular reactor, the method of the catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase with usage of the multitubular reactor, and the method of the multitubular reactor start-up / 2309794
The invention provides, that the multitubular reactor consists of the set of the reaction tubes containing the placed in them catalyst, and the housing supplied with the reaction tubes located inside it, in which the heat-carrier passing in the inter-tubular space is introduced. The reaction tubes are selected from the tubes having the equal nominal outer diameter and the wall thickness. The tolerance of the outer diameter is selected from ±0.62 % and the tolerance of the wall thickness - from ±19 % up to -0 %. The tolerance of the outer diameter - from ±0,56 % and the tolerance of the wall thickness - from ±17 % up to -0 %. The method of the catalytic oxidation in the vapor-phase consists in the usage of the multitubular reactor, circulation of the heat carrier in the reaction tubes inter-tube space and feeding of the source gas into the reaction tubes filled with the catalyst, for production of the gaseous product of the reaction, including the determination of the performance specification on the catalyst packing into the reactionary tubes. The multitubular reactor additionally includes the deflectors connected with the reaction tubes through the positions of the joints, for the change of the directions of the passage of the heat-carrier medium introduced into the housing. It is possible to use the heat-exchange reactor with the immovable layer of the catalytic agent additionally containing the set of the reaction tubes, in the inter-tube space of which the heat carrier is passing. The specification is determined by means of provision in one of the reaction tube of at least two catalytic layers with the different specifications of packaging of the catalyst and the change of the lengths of the reaction zones of the reaction tube for relocation of the places of the maximal temperatures of the catalytic layer along the reaction tube or formation of the layer containing the thinning agent in the reaction tube disposed in the places of the joints for determination of the specification on the catalyst packaging to provide the control of the reaction temperature in the places of joints. The version of realization the method of the catalytic oxidation use oxidation of propylene, propane or isobutylene and-or (metha) acrolein by the catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase with the help of the gas containing the molecular oxygen, for production of the (metha)acrolein and-or the(metha)acrylic acid including the packaging of the Mo-Bi catalyst and-or Sb-Mo catalyst in the reaction tubes so, that activity is increasing from the inlet of the process gas into the reaction tubes up to the outlet of the process gas from the reaction tubes and ensures the possibility for the heat-transfer medium and the process gas to pass through as the counter current. The multitubular reactor used in the method contains: the cylindrical housing, the set of the annular tubes, the circulation device, the set of the reaction tubes limited by the set of the of tube plates of the reactor and containing the catalyst, and the set of the deflectors. According to the method of the start-up of the shell-and-tube reactor having the circulating system of the heat-exchange medium, which is the solid substance at the room temperature, the heating of reaction tubes takes place by introduction of the gas with the temperature from 100 up to 400°С into the inter-tube space of the reaction tubes and circulation of the heated heat carrier. The shell-and-tube reactor has the reaction tubes and the inlet and the outlet for the liquid passing in the inter-tube space of the reaction tubes for withdrawal of the heat formed inside the reaction tubes. Due to the method of the catalytic oxidation the invention ensures prevention of formation of the local overheating and the clogging of the reaction tubes, the increased outlet of the gaseous product of the reaction and the increased service life of the catalyst and also the stable operation of the multi-tube reactor for the long time.
 Plant for phase-selective adsorption or ion exchange of component from dispersed fluid or liquid medium and method of phase-selective adsorption or ion exchange of component from dispersed fluid or liquid medium / 2298425
Proposed plant includes mixing reactor, displacement apparatus, two-section mass exchanger and pulsating system interconnected into suspension sorbent circulating loop. Sections of mass exchanger are made in form of extended passages divided by convectively permeable partition. Pulsating system forms alternating drops of pressure in passages. One passage of mass exchanger is connected to loop and other passage is connected to line of counter-flow delivery of medium to be treated. Loop is connected with fresh sorbent source and with used sorbent receiver. Line of medium to be treated is connected with carrying fluid source and receiver. Sections of mass exchanger may be of shell-and-tube type or of contact-plate type. Specification describes methods of phase-selective adsorption or ion exchange. Fresh sorbent is kept in source and is introduced into loop in form of concentrated fluid suspension in carrying preserving liquid. Waste sorbent is discharged from loop also in form of concentrated suspension. Size of dispersed particles of adsorbents, ionites and media being treated range from 0.3 to 0.7 mm. Adsorption or ion exchange processes are carried out in cyclic, continuous cyclic and fully continuous modes. As a result, productivity by component being extracted is increased by 5-10 times.
Vapor-phase catalytic oxidation process / 2295383
Invention relates to a process of catalytic oxidation in vapor phase, which prevents emergence of non-controllable reaction and premature poisoning of catalyst in (meth)acrylic acid synthesis. Vapor-phase catalytic oxidation process, wherein feed gas is supplied for oxidation to reaction tubes of multi-tubular reactor provided with multiple, disposed in reactor shell, reaction tubes filled with catalyst and multiple deflectors serving to modify direction of heat-carrier stream introduced into reactor shell. Temperature is measured in catalyst, which is placed in a reaction tube and is not connected with at least one deflector, as well as temperature in catalyst, which is placed in a reaction tube and is connected with all deflectors.
 Apparatus for conducting processes in liquid-to-liquid and liquid-to-solid particles systems (versions) / 2293600
Proposed apparatus has housing 1, vertical passage 3, chambers for loading 5, phase unloading, discharge and phase separation 8, raw material inlet branch pipe 7 and final product outlet branch pipe 6. Vertical passage 3 is connected with pulsation forming device by means of pulse conduit 4. Housing 1 is made in form of inclined passages 2 having zigzag, helical cylindrical or taper form. According to another version, vertical passage may be made in form of cylindrical tube provided with nozzles which is coaxial relative to housing; inclined passages are secured to housing and to cylindrical tube in alternating order. Nozzles are mounted between each pair of passages.
 System for carrying out the exothermic reaction / 2292946
The invention is pertaining to the devices for carrying out the exothermic reactions of the molecular oxygen and ethylene for production of the ethylene oxide. The unit of the reactor with the refrigerator contains the tubular reactor (1) and the tubular heat-exchanger (7). The reactor (1) has the inlet chamber (5) and the outlet chamber (6), the catalyst filled tubes (2) placed inside the reactor (1) and supported by the inlet tube plate (3) and the outlet tube plate (4). The heat-exchanger (7) has the upper edge and the lower edge and contains the upper tube plate (9) and the lower tube plate (10) retaining the tubes (8). The upper edge of the heat-exchanger (7) is integratedly fixed along the periphery of the bore of the outlet chamber (6) of the reactor (1) forming the integrated structure with the reactor. The hole of the outlet chamber (6) of the reactor is used for the reaction gases passing from the reactor (1) into the heat-exchanger (7) and through the tubes (8) of the indicated heat-exchanger. The reaction gases are cooled by the indirect heat-exchange with the heat-exchanging liquid fed into the heat-exchanger (7). The invention ensures the quick cooling, reduced formation of aldehydes, limitation of the time of formation of the by-products, consumption of the less material and operational inputs.
 Method of production of the liquid heat carrier used as the indirect source of heat at realization of the endothermal reactions and the method of realization of the reactions of reforming of the hydrocarbons / 2283272
The invention is pertaining to the field of chemical industry, in particular to the methods of realization of the reactions of reforming of hydrocarbons and is dealt with the method of production of the liquid heat carrier used as an indirect source of heat for realization of endothermal reactions, the products of which are completely independent on the liquid heat carrier. The method provides, that the flow containing hydrocarbons, and the gas flow containing oxygen, compressed in the appropriate way are fed into the combustion chamber, in which the hydrocarbons are burnt at presence of oxygen with production of the high-temperature liquid medium containing carbon dioxide and oxygen. In this high-temperature liquid medium and-or into the combustion chamber feed the flow containing water preferably in the form of steam. The given method allows to reduce the operational costs and the total power consumption.
 Plant for producing nicotinic acid / 2275958
Plant comprises unit for feeding reagents, pipelines connected to the evaporator unit for contacting, unit for extracting products of contacting provided with the desublimator. The unmovable cylindrical housing of the desublimator is provided with stationary knives and jacket for their cooling. The inner rotating drum is provided with knifes that pass trough the spaces between the stationary knifes in rotation. The unit for extracting products of contacting is additionally provided with the cyclone and filter for catching nicotinic acid, and the desublimator has unmovable cylindrical housing mounted vertically on the hatch of the horizontal collector of crystals. The inner rotating hollow drum is made of a set of hollow conical lenses whose inner and outer diameters are interconnected. The outer surfaces of the disks are provided with knifes made of triangles. The outer cylindrical housing is provided with rhomboid knifes whose front section is set into the hollows between the conical disks of the lenses. The crystal collector receives screw mixer with screw blade. The top section of the crystal collector has a connecting pipe for discharging gases, and the bottom section is provided with the connecting pipe for discharging the crystals of the nicotinic acid.
 Device for introduction of the initiator in reactors / 2272816
The invention is pertaining to the method of production of polyethylene in the tubular reactors with the curing chambers or without them. The method provides, that the chain-radical initiator with cold ethylene or without it is fed into the flowing liquid medium containing ethylene with a comonomer. Conduct swirling of two being mixed streams at an angle or by means of the provided swirling component - in the cross section of the stream. In the zone of the area of introduction of the chain-radical initiator there is a narrowing of the cross-section, in which through a eccentrically located optimized outlet hole of the finger-shaped feeding component in the swirled stream introduce the chain-radical initiator.
 Reactor for catalytic production of hydrogen and carbon oxide / 2264350
Reactor comprises means for supplying hydrocarbon raw material and water vapor, means for discharging the product, and porous metallic load-bearing structure that receives catalyzer of reforming with water vapor. The porous load-bearing metallic structure is secured to the inner wall of the reactor by means of gluing or diffusion bounding.
 Reactor and method for operating the same / 2263524
Reactor 10 comprises container 12 including layer 14 of powdered reactant 24. Container 12 comprises wall, floor, and support 16 for floor covering layer. Container 12 has open top part arranged at the level above support 16 and at least one vent channel 11 arranged under support 16. Air-permeable separator 18 of said layer rests upon layer support 16. Layer separator protrudes upward from its lower end, which is arranged adjacent to layer support 16.
 Device of formation of the dense catalyst layers / 2250132
The invention presents a device for formation of the dense catalyst beds and is dealt with the field of chemical industry and consists of a bin, a batching system and the device is distinguished by the fact, that it has a wire rope with a brake fastened to it. The brake is made in the form of a tubular split rod with a piggyback location of the rigid covered with elastic material rays and fastened on the wire rope with the help of a spring-loaded clamping tool, and the distance between the tiers makes 2-5 characteristic sizes of granules of the catalyst. Use of the given device allows realization of molding of the catalyst beds without destruction of the catalyst granules.
Reactor and method for operating the same / 2263524
Reactor 10 comprises container 12 including layer 14 of powdered reactant 24. Container 12 comprises wall, floor, and support 16 for floor covering layer. Container 12 has open top part arranged at the level above support 16 and at least one vent channel 11 arranged under support 16. Air-permeable separator 18 of said layer rests upon layer support 16. Layer separator protrudes upward from its lower end, which is arranged adjacent to layer support 16.
Reactor for catalytic production of hydrogen and carbon oxide / 2264350
Reactor comprises means for supplying hydrocarbon raw material and water vapor, means for discharging the product, and porous metallic load-bearing structure that receives catalyzer of reforming with water vapor. The porous load-bearing metallic structure is secured to the inner wall of the reactor by means of gluing or diffusion bounding.
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FIELD: organic chemistry, chemical technology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to catalytic oxidation of organic substances in vapor phase in reaction tubes of multitube reactor of heat-exchange type with an immobile catalyst layer, and to a method for synthesis of (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid in these reactors. Method for catalytic oxidation in vapor phase for preparing the reaction product is carried out in multitube reactor with a great number of reaction tubes by feeding the parent gaseous raw and oxygen-containing gas into reaction tubes filled with a solid catalyst. Method involves measurement and regulation of pressure loss in reaction tubes after filing a catalyst by such manner that pressure loss in corresponding tubes will be in limits ±20% of average pressure loss value of reaction tubes. If necessary, inert substance is filled into inlet part of reaction tubes or removal of filled catalyst and repeated filling catalyst for reaction tube showing pressure loss value less an average pressure loss for reaction tube or a reaction tube showing pressure loss value above an average pressure loss value. Method for synthesis of (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid is carried out in indicated multitube reactor by feeding propane, propylene or isobutylene and molecular oxygen into reaction tubes filled with a catalyst with regulation pressure loss values as said above. For regulation of filling an inert substance is used. Also, method involves prediction of reaction states into reaction tubes by measurement of temperature of catalytic layer of reaction tubes or by imitation analysis of liquid state of a heat-carrier circulating on the outside of reaction tubes with heat of material into reaction tubes. Then method involves assay of conditions in filling catalyst into tubes in correspondence with prognosis results and heterogeneity of reaction states among reaction tubes is removed. Invention provides enhancing yield of the end product and increasing the catalyst life work based on retaining its mechanical strength by prevention its grinding during charge and removal of decomposed catalyst from reaction tubes. EFFECT: improved method of catalytic oxidation. 11 cl, 4 tbl, 21 ex
The text descriptions are given in facsimile form. 1. Method of catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase to obtain a gaseous reaction product when using novotrubnogo reactor with fixed bed heat exchanger of the type formed by multiple reaction tubes and the supply source of gaseous material and molecular oxygen or gas containing molecular oxygen inside the reaction tubes filled with catalyst, which provide measurements of pressure loss of the reaction tubes after stuffing catalyst the packing of inert substances in the inlet portion of the source of gaseous material, the reaction tubes or remove stuffed catalyst is re-gasket catalyst for the measured reaction tubes, with the pressure loss is less than the average pressure loss of the reaction tubes, remove stuffed catalyst and re-packing of the catalyst measured for the reaction pipe, with a pressure loss greater than the average pressure loss of the reaction tubes thereby carrying out the regulation of the pressure losses of the respective measured the reaction tubes so that the pressure loss measured the appropriate reaction tubes after stuffing catalyst are within ±20% of the average pressure loss of the reaction tubes. 2. Method of catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase according to claim 1, in which an inert substance for regulating the pressure loss, which is at least one type of substance selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, silicon oxide, zirconium oxide and titanium oxide. 3. Method of catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase according to claim 1 or 2, in which the form of inert substances for regulating the pressure loss is spherical, cylindrical, ring-shaped or amorphous. 4. Method of catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase according to claim 1, in which the used catalyst, which is mixed Mo-Bi-oxide catalyst or a mixed Mo-V oxide catalyst. 5. Method of catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase according to claim 4, in which the form is utilizator is spherical, a cylindrical, annular or amorphous. 6. Method of catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase according to claim 1, in which the used catalyst, which is one catalyst or catalyst diluted with an inert substance. 7. Method of catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase according to claim 1 which further includes predicting the reaction of States inside the reaction tubes by measuring the temperature of the catalytic layer of the reaction tubes or by means of simulation analysis of the liquid coolant circulating outside of the reaction tubes, the heat of reaction inside the reaction tubes using a computer, and the determination of the conditions of the packing of the catalyst reaction tubes in accordance with the results of forecasting, so that the heterogeneity of the reaction conditions among the reaction tubes is reduced for packing the catalyst in the reaction tubes. 8. Method of catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase according to claim 7, in which the factors that determine the conditions of the packing of the catalyst include factors type of catalyst, amount of catalyst, the shape of the catalyst, method of dilution of the catalyst and of the lengths of the reaction zones. 9. Method of catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase according to claim 1 which further includes a gasket catalyst to ensure the fall of the catalyst used is a Finance funnel with mesh, at least in part as a funnel for filling the catalyst in the reaction tubes. 10. Method of catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase according to claim 1, which additionally includes the introduction of chain material inside the reaction tubes so that the lower end of the chain material is located above the upper edge of the catalytic layer, and the packing of the catalyst to ensure the fall of the catalyst for packing the catalyst in the reaction tubes. 11. A method of obtaining a (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid, in which the application of the method of catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase according to claim 1, and the oxidation of propane, propylene or isobutylene with molecular oxygen to obtain (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid.
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