Universal double-acting solid-propellant torpedo

FIELD: double-acting solid-propellant torpedoes.

SUBSTANCE: the torpedo has a warhead, instrument compartment and a tail compartment with a propeller. The solid-propellant powder charge of end burning with the combustion chamber and the axial-piston engine with the gas-distribution mechanism are positioned in the power compartment, installed between the combustion chamber, and the gas-distribution mechanism is the outboard gas discharge channel through the gas pressure regulator, whose control cavity is linked with the outboard pressure, and its switching device- with the control line from the on-board computer via an electric valve.

EFFECT: enhanced power-to-weight ratio and simplified construction of the torpedo power compartment.

1 dwg

The invention relates to the field of naval engineering, and its stated characteristics can be used in other weapons systems and General engineering.

Famous jet aircraft torpedo RAT-52 ("the Weapons of the Russian fleet". St. Petersburg: "Shipbuilding", 1996). As motor-propulsion complex this torpedo was used rocket engine, solid powder charge. The disadvantages of such power plants should be attributed to its low efficiency and, consequently, low transport properties of torpedoes (speed 52÷53 site distance 500 m).

Known single-mode thermal torpedo caliber 324 mm MK-46, developed in the United States (JANE'S weapon systems 1979-80 (Handbook of weapons systems)).

This torpedo is used, the power system comprising a tank of liquid unitary (one-component) fuel Otto-fuell and double-shaft birotational axial-piston engine with a fixed combustion chamber and the timing in the cylinders of the engine. Propulsion - twin-shaft screw.

Famous American multimode heavy torpedo caliber 533 mm MK-48 (1. JANE'S weapon systems 1979-80. 2. Brochure "Heavyweight Torpedo MK 48. ADCAP. United States Navy" (heavy torpedo MK 48. ADCAP. Navy USA). 3. Shipbuilding abroad, No. 4. K. Foreign naval technology is ka, 1991, No. 6).

In the power plant of this torpedo uses the same fuel as in the MK-46 and single-shaft axial-piston engine with a rotating combustion chamber and the timing. Propulsion - jet pump. This torpedo adopted for the prototype. The disadvantages of this torpedo (as MK-46) as follows:

- the need for complex equipment, fire-proof, environmentally friendly areas of the charging and discharging of the energy departments in industry and fleets;

- the design complexity and the complexity of the fuel tank and the system supply to the combustion chamber of a piston engine in the device pressurization tank, high pressure pump and regulating devices.

The task of the invention is to increase the supply, performance characteristics, simplifying the design of the energy Department and, consequently, increase its reliability at higher transport characteristics of a torpedo.

This task is achieved by the fact that the power plant torpedoes included solid propellant powder charge end of combustion from the combustion chamber and the axial-piston engine with timing.

Increasing the supply of torpedoes due to the fact that the density of the solid propellant charge of prescriptions is ur which was mastered by the domestic industry in serial production, 25% higher than single-component liquid fuel at approximately the same temperature and composition of the gas during the combustion of fuels.

Justification for the use of such a power plant operating in a wide range of back pressure during the course of the torpedo at different depths, is the dependence of the rate of combustion of the solid fuel from the pressure in the combustion chamber

,

where W is the rate of combustion;

P_CC- pressure in K.S.;

ν - exponent (used compositions ν=0,1÷0,8),

and substantial property piston engine as the volume of the machine.

This property is manifested in the fact that with increasing pressure (depth increase stroke) with a slight decrease in power (and hence engine speed) significantly increase the pressure in the combustion chamber and burning rate of solid fuel and thereby supported output power installation. Thus automatically is the effect of levelling power plant running on the combustion of solid fuels, i.e. stabilization of the speed, and hence the speed of the torpedo (with allowable error) when her course on the depths use.

Thus the decrease in the engine speed is determined by the exponent in the dependence W=f(P_KCand constructive couples who metres of a piston engine.

Unlike torpedoes MK-48, in which regime change is made by resetting the system flow of the liquid single-component fuel, stated in the torpedo for short-term implementation of the second mode at the exit of the combustion chamber of a solid fuel in parallel to the duct in the piston engine has a line of gas discharge overboard through the pressure regulator to itself, maintaining the necessary pressure in the combustion chamber depending on outboard (P₃). The control pressure regulator is supplied from an onboard electronic computer through the solenoid, which perepuskat outboard pressure (P₃) on the on-off controller, thereby providing a regime change torpedo speed.

The proposed technical solutions for the stated torpedoes in addition to achieve these objectives, in addition, and on the important task of unification of the weapons systems in part of used fuels.

Schematically, we offer the torpedo shown in the drawing and consists of combat charger branch 1, dash division 2 with onboard electronic computing machine 3, the energy separation in the composition of the solid propellant charge end of combustion 4, combustion chamber 5, a rotating timing in the engine piston 6, axialen the reciprocating engine 7, with the tilting of the tilting disk 8, the output shaft of the engine 9, the pressure regulator 12, the solenoid 13 and the tail portion 10 with a jet propulsion device 11.

It should be noted that, depending on selected kinematic scheme of axial-piston engine timing can be rotary driven by the output shaft, and stationary. From the point of view of stated characteristics of the invention it is not essential.

The torpedo operates as follows. After shooting from the torpedo tubes or launchers ignites a charge of solid fuel and combustion products through the timing arrive in the cylinders of the piston engine to the intake and release through the shaft overboard. (If the launch power plant is on the low-power mode upon command from the onboard computer of the gas pressure regulator is enabled and in the combustion chamber is set to the pressure (and, hence, the rate of combustion of fuel), depending on the pilot pressure to maintain a constant engine power (speed torpedoes) in the entire depth range of the stroke. When disconnecting the gas pressure regulator according to the command from the onboard computer in the combustion chamber are pressure and rate of combustion of fuel, corresponding to the greater power, and hence the speed of the torpedo. This stabilization of the power and speed of a torpedo in a depth range of motion is provided due to the effect of levelling power plant.

In justification of the present invention, calculations were performed for torpedoes caliber 324 and 533 mm, the preliminary braking tests with mock charges of solid fuels and developed at the enterprise axial-piston engines.

Universal dual-mode solid-torpedo, consisting of combat charger compartment, instrument compartment with onboard electronic computing machine, the energy Department, engineering Department with the propeller, characterized in that the energy division posted solid propellant powder charge end of combustion from the combustion chamber and the axial-piston engine with a timing mechanism, and between the combustion chamber and the timing set line gas discharge overboard through a command cavity gas pressure regulator, a switching device which is connected with the control line from the onboard electronic computer through the solenoid.