Paving panel, paving panel laying method and chamber for above method realization

FIELD: road building, particularly to form roadbed paving.

SUBSTANCE: paving panel comprises separate members connected one to another so that joints between the members define polygonal line. Panel comprises bar members adjoining one another by side surfaces and having upper surfaces, which form common horizontal flat panel surface. Air-tight film is adhered to the upper surface to provide panel rigidity enough for panel engagement with the use of air pressure, panel laying and connection to adjacent panels. Side panel surfaces are provided with alternating extensions and depressions. Method of panel laying involves installing vacuum chamber on panel surface with the use of lifting mechanism so that lower wall of vacuum chamber is fixed and upper wall thereof rests upon support; releasing lower chamber wall and fixing upper wall thereof; creating vacuum in chamber by moving fixed upper wall in upward direction; performing panel engagement with the use of vacuum; moving the panel; installing the panel on bed; joining side surfaces of adjacent panels by means of extensions and depressions; releasing upper chamber wall and lowering thereof by chamber gravity; increasing pressure in vacuum chamber; fixing lower base of vacuum chamber and removing the chamber from laid panel. Vacuum chamber for above method realization comprises sealed body having corrugated elastic walls, which permit chamber volume change and are connected to upper chamber wall and to chamber base located in lower chamber part in air-tight manner. The walls are provided with distance through frames arranged one over another. The body also has outlet valve installed in upper wall orifice. Chamber base is made as perforated plate. Upper base side has support, which is brought into contact with upper wall of the chamber installed in collapsed state when vacuum is created in the chamber. Delimiters are located on lower base side and provide air space between the base and panel to be moved. Base dimensions correspond to that of paving panel.

EFFECT: increased strength and quality of ready paving, reduced labor inputs and increased structural simplicity.

9 cl, 15 dwg

The invention relates to road construction, in particular for the construction of prefabricated coating of the roadway.

Famous concrete road section, separated by rusty on the number of reinforced elements, adjacent sides which are connected by connecting rods (see patent RU 2114952, publ. 10.07.1998,, "concrete Road section). In rusty between the elements of section flush with the surface of the installed elastoplastic polymer strip with dispersed reinforcement of metal or polymer fibres, with dispersed reinforcement performed on all circuit elements of the partition.

Famous concrete road section, separated by a rusty, has insufficient strength due to internal stresses inherent in the reinforced concrete.

Known road element made in the form of a solid block of polymer (see patent RU 2187594, publ. 20.08.2002,, "Road element and the method of installation and repair of road surfaces with its use"), containing as a binder liquid waste oil. Feature known block is covering its lateral and bottom surfaces of the airtight material, such as polyethylene film, which is removed from these surfaces immediately before installation of the unit in the road surface.

Known road concrete slabs is, separated by rusty on some of the reinforced sections, the adjacent sides of which are connected the connecting rods (see A.S. USSR №908981, publ. 28.02.1982, Construction, concrete slab")selected by the applicant as the closest prototype of the proposed slab of pavement.

A distinctive feature of the known road plates is rustic in the connection zone adjacent sides of the sections, forming a zigzag line, the angle between which is equal to 120°. The presence of rustication leads to the formation of the stove false joints, which in the process of coating the plate breaks into small cells that are pivotally interconnected. In terms of installation and operation the probability of fracture plates with rustic, forming a broken line, is much smaller than the plates with straight rustic.

A disadvantage of the known road concrete slabs is low strength due to internal stresses inherent in concrete road slabs.

The known method of laying pavements using individual, pre-manufactured units of the polymer, providing the installation in pavement block, a binder which is not yet otverdel to a tack-free surface (see patent RU No. 2187594, publ. 20.08.2002,, "Road element and the method of installation and repair of road surfaces with its use of what Finance"), selected by the applicant as the closest analogue - prototype the proposed method of installation plate on the pillow pavement.

The known method of laying blocks on the pillow road covering includes covering the side and bottom surfaces of a pre-fabricated unit, a binder which is not yet otverdel to a tack-free, airtight material, such as polyethylene, which is removed from these surfaces immediately before installation of the unit on travel pillow, then install them on the pillow and the mating side surfaces with each other.

The disadvantages of this method of laying blocks on the pillow of the road surface are complexity, low maintainability and quality of the coating. It is also possible discontinuity of the coating along the lines of docking blocks with each other.

Known vacuum gripper is designed for carrying General cargo, mainly with coarse and rough surface containing the device creates a vacuum, comprising a hollow housing having a top wall with an opening, tightly United around the perimeter with the elastic sealing base (see patent RU No. 2035376, publ. 20. 05.1995,, "Vacuum capture")selected by the applicant as the closest prototype declared the ameres to carry out the proposed method of laying slabs of pavement.

The design is known vacuum gripper is a hard space-hollow body with the sealing lip on the perimeter of its open bottom of the base, forming with the surface of the load vacuum chamber due to the fact that the housing is connected with a vacuum source.

For transporting cargo vacuum gripper is lowered to the surface of the cargo and connect it to the vacuum chamber with the vacuum source. Due to the pressure differential capture is pressed to the load and in contact with the surface of the base are the elastic film used for sealing the junction between the object surface and the sealing lip, which accounts for the bulk of the load when lifting.

The disadvantages of vacuum gripper are:

- the inability to apply the known device for gripping and moving the slabs that do not have sufficient own rigidity, due to their deformation during retraction into the housing of the vacuum gripper, which is explained by the design of the open bottom of the enclosure base;

- the complexity of the design execution.

The technical result of the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and prototypes and is achieved by the following solutions, United by a common inventive concept.

In the slab of pavement, composed of individual E. the elements of, interconnected with the formation of rusts, forming a broken line, according to the first invention, the plate consists of tightly adjacent side surfaces to each other paving elements, the upper surfaces of which form a common horizontal flat surface of the plate, which is glued airtight film, side surfaces of the plate are alternating protrusions and depressions used for joining adjacent plates together.

In the slab of pavement airtight polymer film may be pasted on a horizontal surface bitumen mastic.

In the slab of pavement layer thickness of bitumen mastic is 1-5 mm

In the slab of pavement airtight film may be made of polyethylene.

In the method of laying the plate on the pillow of road surface, including the capture plate, setting it on the pillow and joining its side surfaces with the side surfaces of adjacent plates, according to the second invention, mounted on a surface plate lifting mechanism gastropanel at the bottom of the vacuum chamber when the upper wall is located at the focus, perestrahovat the camera with the upper wall inside the chamber to create a vacuum by moving zastropovana upper wall up and lead a vacuum to the t plate, move and set the plate on the pillow, join the side surfaces of adjacent plates on the projections and depressions, rasstropovyvajut the upper wall of the chamber and put it down under their own weight, relieving the vacuum in the chamber, stripout the camera with the bottom base and removed from the stacked plates.

In a vacuum chamber containing the device creates a vacuum, comprising a hollow housing having a top wall with an opening, tightly United around the perimeter with the elastic sealing the Foundation, according to the third invention, the device creates a vacuum in the chamber consists of a sealed enclosure having a corrugated elastic wall to change the volume of the chamber, hermetically United with the upper wall and placed at the bottom of the camera base, provided with spaced one above the other spacer through the frames, the frame includes an exhaust valve located in the hole of the top wall, the base is made in the form of a perforated plate on the upper side of the base has a stop contact with the upper wall of the chamber at its minimum volume in a mode of vacuum in the chamber on the lower side of the base are limiters, providing an air gap between the substrate and transported by the stove.

In the vacuum chamber dimensions osnovaniya to match the overall dimensions of the slab of pavement.

In the vacuum chamber upper wall of the chamber and its base supplied with hooks.

In the vacuum chamber of the hooks on the base fitted with hooks.

In the vacuum chamber height hooks exceeds the level of the upper wall of the chamber at its minimum volume and less than the height of the loop of the upper wall hooks.

Composed of individual elements, the plate consists of tightly adjacent side surfaces to each other with the formation of rusty paving elements made, for example, of asphalt concrete with high strength, as there are no internal stresses inherent in concrete road slabs.

Design of pavement formed by the plates, stacked side surfaces representing alternating protrusions and depressions, not broken, stable under the action of load and easy to repair.

Cobbled elements plates are made, preferably, of asphalt, which provides design pavement high frost resistance, maapinnast, as well as the sustainability of the road surface, simplifies periodic preventive maintenance of pavement mixtures containing bitumen.

Connection coupled between a cobbled elements impermeable polymer film, glued on a common upper horizontal flat surface is the efficiency of the plate, attached plate design sufficient rigidity to ensure pneumonopathy plate of the vacuum chamber, laying her in the roadway and dock with adjacent plates.

Surface mounting plate lifting mechanism zastropovana at the bottom of the vacuum chamber when the upper wall is located on the limit, perestroika camera for the upper wall, the lowering of the upper part of the chamber down to a stop attached to its base, creating inside the vacuum chamber by moving zastropovana upper wall up, allows the subsequent vacuum gripper plate that does not have its own sufficient rigidity in the absence of an external source of vacuum as the vacuum is created by the dynamic properties of the construction of the proposed chamber vacuum gripper.

By lowering the upper chamber wall down is removing the vacuum and releasing the plate from the camera.

Vacuum gripper plate, moving, setting her on the pillow, dock plates with each other, the side surfaces is made within the time: t=Vo-V/Ψ, where

Vo is the volume of the chamber at the time of separation of the cargo, i.e. at the end of the grip;

V chamber size in the beginning of the seizure of the goods;

Ψ - suction in the chamber air volume per unit time, i.e. the size of the choke determines the degree of tightness of the chamber.

The time t is selected on the basis of the weight of the paving elements and the total weight of the slab. The amount of weight lifted cargo (plate) is limited not so much the maximum possible force of suction as the durability of the camera.

The force of suction to the raised load is determined by the weight of the cargo:

F=F_g+(F-F_g), where:

F_g- the weight of the goods;

(F-F_g)→0 - exceeding the force of suction on the weight of the cargo.

If the raised load (slab) to load additional weight, the force of suction will immediately increase, according to Pascal's law, force, appropriate additional weight on the load or force of impact on it, and the seizure of the cargo will be saved.

To create a vacuum in the chamber provides a sealed enclosure, the side surface is made of an elastic material and is a corrugated flexible wall hermetically United with the upper wall and placed at the bottom of the camera base, provided with spaced one above the other spacer end-to-end frames.

In the hole of the upper wall is provided for the exhaust valve to displace the air by lowering the upper wall on a support base.

The total mass of the base and the top wall has repeatedly (at least 10 times) to exceed the friction force arising in the side of the case when vertical the material move relative to each other. Since the external vacuum source is missing, the required vacuum is created by the dynamic properties of the structure of the camera.

The possibility of seizure of the goods, does not have sufficient own rigidity is ensured by the fact that the lower base of the chamber is blocked resistant perforated plate, which has a sufficient number of through holes and are supplied with stops made, for example, in the form of twisted it bolts to the fact that they kept the surface of the cargo at a distance from the openings through which is passed the depression on the surface of the cargo and on the elastic seal, made in the form of a sealing sleeve located around the perimeter of the thrust plate.

Execution grounds in the form of a perforated plate on the upper side of which has the focus, provides the possibility of contact with the upper wall of the chamber at its minimum volume in the mode of depression.

Located on the lower side of the base limiters provide an air gap between the substrate and transported by the stove.

An elastic seal which is United with the base around the perimeter, and increases the tightness of the vacuum chamber.

Provided by slinging the camera as its upper wall and the base. For this purpose the top wall is provided with a pair of rigid pelear the importance of hooks, and the base is also equipped with a pair of hard hooks and hooks. At the height of the hooks of the hooking base should be such as to exceed 300 - 350 mm upper level of the top wall at its minimum volume (i.e., when lowered to lock the upper wall), but to be below the hook-shaped hooking the top wall of the camera. Slinging is starobrno traverse by supplying it under the loop of the upper wall or under the hooks of the lower base. The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

1 shows a top view of the slab of pavement.

Figure 2 shows the vacuum gripper plate of the vacuum chamber by means of a lifting mechanism.

Figure 3 shows a General view of the vacuum chamber.

Figure 4 shows the section a-a camera figure 3.

Figure 5 shows a section b-In camera figure 3.

Figure 6 shows the base of the chamber with emphasis.

Figure 7 depicts the top view of figure 6.

On Fig shows a section C-C figure 7.

Figure 9 shows the base of the camera, top view.

Figure 10 shows the section D-D figure 6.

Figure 11 depicts the local digging E. figure 10.

On Fig shows a diagram of slinging the vacuum chamber when it is installed on the surface of the plate.

On Fig shows a schematic top position zastropovana upper wall in a mode of vacuum in the chamber.

On Fig shows the scheme h is life position rasstropovka upper wall in the mode of relieving the vacuum in the chamber.

On Fig shows a diagram of the output of the camera with stacked plates.

Plate 1 pavement consists of tightly adjacent side surfaces to each other cobbled elements 2, the upper surfaces of which form a common horizontal flat surface of the plate 1, on which is pasted airtight film 3. The lateral surface of the plate are alternating protrusions 4 and depressions 5, used for joining adjacent plates 1 together.

Airtight plastic film 3 is pasted on a horizontal surface bitumen mastic. The thickness of the layer of bitumen mastic is 1-5 mm Airtight film may be made of polyethylene.

The method of installation plate 1 on the pillow of the road surface includes a capture plate 1, setting her on the pillow (pillow pavement not shown) and the coupling of its side surfaces with the side surfaces of adjacent plates 1. For this purpose, the vacuum chamber 6 stopout for the upper part of the lifting mechanism 7 and install it, the surface plate 1 of the road surface. For cargo lifting the upper wall 11 is lowered under its own weight down to the stop 9, attached to the base 10 of the chamber 6. Moving the top wall 11 up lifting mechanism 7 create inside the chamber 6 depression and lead a vacuum gripper plate 1. Plate 1 changes the up and set on the road cushion then join the side surfaces of adjacent plates on the projections 4 and depressions 5. After the adjacent plates are connected among themselves, remove the vacuum by lowering the upper wall 11 of the camera down. Produce slinging camera 6 lifting mechanism 7 for the base 10 and shoot camera 6 with plate 1.

The vacuum chamber 6 comprises a sealed housing 12 having a top wall 11, a perforated plate 13 and the elastic seal 14. A sealed enclosure has a corrugated flexible wall 15, hermetically United with the upper wall 11 and located in the lower part of the chamber 6 by the base 10, provided with spaced one above the other spacer end-to-end frames 16. The housing 12 includes an exhaust valve 17 located in the hole 18 in the upper wall 11, the base 10 is made in the form of a perforated plate 13, on the upper side of the base 10 has a stop 9 for contact with the upper wall 11 of the chamber 6 at its minimum volume in the mode of depression. On the bottom side of the base 10 are the limiters 20, providing an air gap between the substrate 10 and transported by the plate 1. The base 10 is hermetically coupled with the elastic seal 14 around the perimeter.

The dimensions of the base 10 correspond to the dimensions of the plate 1 of the road surface.

The method of laying the plate on the pillow pavement implemented aetsa as follows.

Zastropovana for the bottom base 10 of the vacuum chamber 6 is placed on the surface of the plate 1 by means of a lifting mechanism 7. The top wall 11 of the chamber 6 is lowered under its own weight down to the stop 9, attached to the base 10 of the chamber 6. The air is discharged from the chamber through the exhaust valve 17, and the chamber 6 takes the minimum amount. When the upper wall 11 is located on the stop 9, perestrahovat chamber 6 for the upper wall 11. When lifting zastropovana upper wall 11 up with a fixed base 10, the valve 17 is closed, and in a larger volume of the chamber 6 in a vacuum. Is the suction between the chamber 6 and the plate 1, in which the base 10 is holding the plate 1 which does not have sufficient own rigidity. The vacuum will increase as the lifting of the upper wall 11 of the chamber 6 until the moment when the force of the suction between the chamber 6 and the plate 1 will exceed the weight of the plate 1. At this point, is the vacuum gripper plate 1 camera 6, which is its separation from the support and lift the camera 6 and the plate 1 by the lifting mechanism 7.

Move and set the plate 1 on the pillow pavement, join the side surfaces of adjacent plates 1 on the projections and depressions, rasstropovyvajut the top wall 11 of the chamber 6 and put it down under their own weight, relieving the vacuum in the chamber 6. Stripout chamber 6 for bottom founded the e 10 and removed from the stacked plate 1.

Provides a visual mark (not shown) and an audio alarm, a warning for about 20-25 seconds after capture, i.e. about the necessity of lowering to the place or perezagua.

1. The slab of pavement, composed of individual elements, connected with the formation of rusts, forming a broken line, wherein the plate consists of tightly adjacent side surfaces to each other paving elements, the upper surfaces of which form a common horizontal flat surface of the plate, which is glued airtight film, which provides sufficient rigidity to pneumonopathy plate, stacking it in the roadway and docking with the adjacent plates, and the side surfaces of the plate are alternating protrusions and depressions.

2. Plate road surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the airtight plastic film glued on the horizontal surface of the mastic asphalt.

3. Plate road surface according to claim 2, characterized in that the thickness of the layer of bitumen mastic is 1-5 mm

4. Plate road surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the airtight film is made of polyethylene.

5. The method of installation plate according to claim 1 on a cushion in the road surface, characterized in that mounted on the surface the plate lifting mechanism gastropanel at the bottom of the vacuum chamber, when the upper wall is located at the focus, perestrahovat the camera with the upper wall inside the chamber to create a vacuum by moving zastropovana upper wall up and are vacuum-grip plate, move and set the plate on the pillow, join the side surfaces of adjacent plates on the projections and depressions, rasstropovyvajut the upper wall of the chamber and put it down under their own weight, relieving the vacuum in the chamber, stripout the camera with the bottom base and removed from the stacked plates.

6. Vacuum chamber for implementing the method according to claim 5, characterized in that the device creates a vacuum in the chamber consists of a sealed enclosure having a corrugated elastic wall to change the volume of the chamber, hermetically United with the upper wall and placed at the bottom of the camera base, provided with spaced one above the other spacer through the frames, the frame includes an exhaust valve located in the hole of the top wall, the base is made in the form of a perforated plate on the upper side of the base has a stop for contact with the upper wall of the chamber at its minimum volume in a mode of vacuum in the chamber on the lower side of the base are limiters, providing an air gap between the substrate and transported by the plate, and the width of the base correspond to the dimensions of the slab of pavement.

7. Vacuum chamber according to claim 6, characterized in that the upper wall of the chamber and its base supplied with hooks.

8. Vacuum chamber according to claim 7, characterized in that the hooks on the base fitted with hooks.

9. The vacuum chamber of claim 8, characterized in that the height of the hooks exceeds the level of the upper wall of the chamber at its minimum volume and less than the height of the loop of the upper wall hooks.